mentior
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Italic *mentjōr, denominal verb from mēns, mentis (“mind”). The meaning "to lie" stems from a semantic shift "to be inventive, have second thoughts" > "to lie, conjure up". Compare comminīscor also from this root and again with these meanings.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈmɛn.ti.ɔr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈmɛn.t̪͡s̪i.or]
Verb
[edit]mentior (present infinitive mentīrī or mentīrier, perfect active mentītus sum); fourth conjugation, deponent
- (with dative) to lie, cheat, deceive
- Synonyms: ēmentior, dēcipiō, frūstror, fraudō, ēlūdō, dēstituō, fallō, circumdūcō, circumveniō, ingannō, indūcō
- Cur es ausus mentiri mihi?
- How dared you lie to me?
- to pretend, feign
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of mentior (fourth conjugation, deponent)
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | mentior | mentīris, mentīre |
mentītur | mentīmur | mentīminī | mentiuntur | ||||||
| imperfect | mentiēbar | mentiēbāris, mentiēbāre |
mentiēbātur | mentiēbāmur | mentiēbāminī | mentiēbantur | |||||||
| future | mentiar | mentiēris, mentiēre |
mentiētur | mentiēmur | mentiēminī | mentientur | |||||||
| perfect | mentītus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | mentītus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| future perfect | mentītus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | mentiar | mentiāris, mentiāre |
mentiātur | mentiāmur | mentiāminī | mentiantur | ||||||
| imperfect | mentīrer | mentīrēris, mentīrēre |
mentīrētur | mentīrēmur | mentīrēminī | mentīrentur | |||||||
| perfect | mentītus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | mentītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | — | mentīre | — | — | mentīminī | — | ||||||
| future | — | mentītor | mentītor | — | — | mentiuntor | |||||||
| non-finite forms | infinitive | participle | |||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||
| present | mentīrī, mentīrier1 |
— | mentiēns | — | |||||||||
| future | mentītūrum esse | — | mentītūrus | mentiendus, mentiundus | |||||||||
| perfect | mentītum esse | — | mentītus | — | |||||||||
| future perfect | mentītum fore | — | — | — | |||||||||
| perfect potential | mentītūrum fuisse | — | — | — | |||||||||
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||||||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||||||||
| mentiendī | mentiendō | mentiendum | mentiendō | mentītum | mentītū | ||||||||
1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- “mentior”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “mentior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- mentior in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.