ESSD - recent papers

ESSD - recent papers https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/ Combined list of the recent articles of the journal Earth System Science Data and the recent discussion forum Earth System Science Data Discussions

HIStory of LAND transformation by humans in South America (HISLAND-SA): annual and 1 km gridded data for soybean, maize, wheat, and rice (1950–2020) https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6353-2025 HIStory of LAND transformation by humans in South America (HISLAND-SA): annual and 1 km gridded data for soybean, maize, wheat, and rice (1950–2020) Binyuan Xu, Hanqin Tian, Shufen Pan, Xiaoyong Li, Ran Meng, Óscar Melo, Anne McDonald, María de los Ángeles Picone, Xiao-Peng Song, Edson Severnini, Katharine G. Young, and Feng Zhao Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6353–6377, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6353-2025, 2025 This study reconstructed the spatial and temporal patterns of four major crops (soybean, maize, wheat, and rice) in South America from 1950 to 2020 by integrating multiple data sources. The results reveal a significant expansion in cropland, particularly for soybean, leading to a substantial reduction in natural vegetation such as forests and grasslands. The datasets can be used to assess the impacts of cropland expansion on water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles in South America. 2025-11-24T09:14:47+01:00 SHEDIS-Temperature: linking temperature-related disaster impacts to subnational data on meteorology and human exposure https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6379-2025 SHEDIS-Temperature: linking temperature-related disaster impacts to subnational data on meteorology and human exposure Sara Lindersson and Gabriele Messori Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6379–6403, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6379-2025, 2025 The study of past temperature-related disasters requires information on socioeconomic impacts, hazard intensity and human exposure. This is often lacking in current disaster databases. Our dataset fills this gap by integrating impact records with information on disaster locations, high-resolution meteorological data, and population estimates. Covering 382 disasters in 71 countries (1979–2018), this dataset enables deeper analyses of heat-related risk and vulnerabilities. 2025-11-24T09:14:47+01:00 A Global Dataset of Forest Disturbance Regimes Derived from Satellite Biomass Observations https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-670 A Global Dataset of Forest Disturbance Regimes Derived from Satellite Biomass Observations Siyuan Wang, Hui Yang, Sujan Koirala, Maurizio Santoro, Ulrich Weber, Claire Robin, Felix Cremer, Matthias Forkel, Markus Reichstein, and Nuno Carvalhais Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-670,2025 Preprint under review for ESSD (discussion: open, 0 comments) Forest disturbances are difficult to predict in models because they occur randomly. We discovered that the long-term rules of disturbance known as "regime" leave a unique footprint in a forest's spatial biomass patterns. We trained a model on millions of computer simulations to learn this link. By applying this model to detailed satellite biomass, we could read these patterns to infer the disturbance regime globally, helping make climate projections more accurate. 2025-11-24T09:14:47+01:00 BEACH: Barbados and Eastern Atlantic Combined High-altitude dropsonde datasets https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-647 BEACH: Barbados and Eastern Atlantic Combined High-altitude dropsonde datasets Helene Marie Gloeckner, Theresa Mieslinger, Nina Robbins-Blanch, Geet George, Lukas Kluft, Tobias Kölling, Sandrine Bony, Julia Windmiller, and Bjorn Stevens Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-647,2025 Preprint under review for ESSD (discussion: open, 0 comments) As part of the ORCESTRA measurement field campaign in August and September 2024, 1191 dropsondes were deployed over the tropical Atlantic. They measure temperature, humidity, and horizontal winds throughout the atmosphere. Here, we present the resulting datasets, which contain different levels of quality controls as well as derived vertical winds. The data will help to understand processes within the tropical rain belt in the Atlantic. 2025-11-24T09:14:47+01:00 The Greenland Ice-Marginal Lake Inventory Series from 2016 to 2023 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6331-2025 The Greenland Ice-Marginal Lake Inventory Series from 2016 to 2023 Penelope How, Dorthe Petersen, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Katrine Raundrup, Nanna B. Karlsson, Alexandra Messerli, Anja Rutishauser, Jonathan L. Carrivick, James M. Lea, Robert S. Fausto, Andreas P. Ahlstrøm, and Signe B. Andersen Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6331–6351, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6331-2025, 2025 We mapped 2918 ice-marginal lakes across Greenland (2016–2023), revealing changes in size, abundance and temperature. This open dataset improves understanding of terrestrial water storage, glacier dynamics, and Arctic ecology, supporting research on sea level rise, glacier-lake interactions, and sustainable resource planning including hydropower development under Greenland’s climate commitments. 2025-11-21T09:14:47+01:00 A 30 m resolution dataset of soil and water conservation terraces across China for 2000, 2010, and 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6315-2025 A 30 m resolution dataset of soil and water conservation terraces across China for 2000, 2010, and 2020 Enwei Zhang, Yueli Chen, Shengzhao Wei, Chenli Liu, Hongna Wang, Bowen Deng, Honghong Lin, Xue Yang, Yawen Li, and Xingwu Duan Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6315–6330, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6315-2025, 2025 We produced the first soil and water conservation terrace measures dataset with a fine classification system on Google Earth Engine platform. This dataset included terrace data and soil and water conservation measure factor values, covering the period from 2000 to 2020. The terraces are categorized into level terrace, slope terrace, zig terrace, and slope-separated terrace. The results showed that the average overall accuracy of the terrace was 91.7 % and the average F1 score was 83.3 %. 2025-11-21T09:14:47+01:00 Spatially distributed measurements of aerosols and stable isotopes in water vapour and precipitation in coastal Northern Norway during the ISLAS2021 campaign https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-548 Spatially distributed measurements of aerosols and stable isotopes in water vapour and precipitation in coastal Northern Norway during the ISLAS2021 campaign Alena Dekhtyareva, Harald Sodemann, Tim Carlsen, Iris Thurnherr, Aina Johannessen, Andrew Seidl, David M. Chandler, Daniele Zannoni, Alexandra Touzeau, Marvin Kähnert, Astrid B. Gjelsvik, Franziska Hellmuth, Britta Schäfer, and Robert O. David Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-548,2025 Preprint under review for ESSD (discussion: open, 0 comments) During a recent field campaign from 15 to 30 March 2021 at Andenes, Norway, we collected a set of observations that allows to better constrain how clouds and precipitation processes work. Frequent alternations between mid-latitude and arctic weather systems were encountered during the campaign. Our dataset is unique in combining measurements in both vapour and precipitation, aerosols, ice nucleating particles, and was made simultaneously at different elevations at a high latitude location. 2025-11-21T09:14:47+01:00 A high-resolution (0.05°) global seamless continuity record (2002–2023) of near-surface soil freeze-thaw states via passive microwave and optical satellite data https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6273-2025 A high-resolution (0.05°) global seamless continuity record (2002–2023) of near-surface soil freeze-thaw states via passive microwave and optical satellite data Defeng Feng, Tianjie Zhao, Jingyao Zheng, Yu Bai, Youhua Ran, Xiaokang Kou, Lingmei Jiang, Ziqian Zhang, Pei Yu, Jinbiao Zhu, Jie Pan, Jiancheng Shi, and Yuei-An Liou Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6273–6293, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6273-2025, 2025 This study introduces a downscaling approach integrating passive microwave and optical satellite data to generate a long-term (2002–2023), high-resolution (0.05°) global near-surface freeze-thaw (FT) state dataset with daily seamless continuity. The dataset attains 83.78 % overall accuracy, consistent with the microwave-based products but with finer spatial detail. This detailed FT record provides valuable information to enhance the understanding of global hydrological and ecological impacts. 2025-11-20T09:14:47+01:00 Monitoring abiotic and biotic parameters of forest regrowth under different management regimes on former wildfire sites in northeastern Germany – data from the PYROPHOB project https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6295-2025 Monitoring abiotic and biotic parameters of forest regrowth under different management regimes on former wildfire sites in northeastern Germany – data from the PYROPHOB project Marie-Therese Schmehl, Yojana Adhikari, Cathrina Balthasar, Anja Binder, Danica Clerc, Sophia Dobkowitz, Werner Gerwin, Kristin Günther, Heinrich Hartong, Thilo Heinken, Carsten Hess, Pierre L. Ibisch, Florent Jouy, Loretta Leinen, Thomas Raab, Frank Repmann, Susanne Rönnefarth, Lilly Rohlfs, Marina Schirrmacher, Jens Schröder, Maren Schüle, Andrea Vieth-Hillebrand, and Till Francke Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6295–6313, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6295-2025, 2025 We present data recorded by eight institutions within the PYROPHOB project, running from 2020 to 2024 at two forest research sites in northeastern Germany. The aim of the project was to monitor abiotic and biotic parameters of forest regrowth under different management regimes on former wildfire sites. The multitude of collected data allows for detailed analyses of the observables separately, as well as their interaction for a more multidisciplinary view on forest recovery after a wildfire. 2025-11-20T09:14:47+01:00 A lake salinity dataset produced via microwave and optical imageries https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-671 A lake salinity dataset produced via microwave and optical imageries Mingming Deng, Ronghua Ma, Lixin Wang, Minqi Hu, Kun Xue, and Junfeng Xiong Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-671,2025 Preprint under review for ESSD (discussion: open, 0 comments) Lake salinity is an important parameter to characterize physical and biogeochemical processes. We proposed a microwave-optical integrated framework for high-precision salinity estimation, producing a 10 m resolution Inner Mongolia Xinjiang Lake zone lake salinity dataset (2016–2024). Salinity increased significantly in Lake Daihai and Lake Dalinor. The dataset can contribute to research on salinization prevention and salinity budget research. 2025-11-20T09:14:47+01:00 The INGV macroseismic photographic database (DFM): a structured photographic collection of earthquake effects in Italy https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-637 The INGV macroseismic photographic database (DFM): a structured photographic collection of earthquake effects in Italy Andrea Tertulliani, Laura Graziani, Mario Locati, Manuela Sbarra, Corrado Castellano, and Michele Berardi Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-637,2025 Preprint under review for ESSD (discussion: open, 0 comments) The DFM, managed by QUEST – the INGV's macroseismic field survey team – preserves essential photographic records of earthquake effects that might otherwise be lost. Each image is carefully validated by experts using the European Macroseismic Scale 1998 to classify building damage. This expanding archive is a key resource for training surveyors, improving vulnerability assessments, and strengthening national preparedness for future seismic emergencies. 2025-11-20T09:14:47+01:00 RAPSODI: Radiosonde Atmospheric Profiles from Ship and island platforms during ORCESTRA, collected to Decipher the ITCZ https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-638 RAPSODI: Radiosonde Atmospheric Profiles from Ship and island platforms during ORCESTRA, collected to Decipher the ITCZ Marius Winkler, Marius Rixen, Florent Beucher, Fleur Couvreux, Chaehyeon C. Nam, Philippe Peyrillé, Hauke Schmidt, Hans Segura, Karl-Hermann Wieners, Ezri Alkilani-Brown, Abdou Aziz Coly, Giovanni Biagioli, Michael M. Bell, Ester Brito, Emma Chauvin, Julie Capo, Delián Colón-Burgos, Akeem Dawes, Jose Carlos da Luz, Zekican Demiralay, Vincent Douet, Vincent Ducastin, Clarisse Dufaux, Jean-Louis Dufresne, Florence Favot, Thomas Fiolleau, Emilie Fons, Geet George, Helene M. Gloeckner, Suelly Gonçalves, Laurent Gouttesoulard, Lennéa Hayo, Wei-Ting Hsiao, Sarah Kennison, Michael Kopelman, Tsung-Yung Lee, Enora Le Gall, Mateo Lovato, Emily Luschen, Nicolas Maury, Brett McKim, Louis Netz, Diouf Ousseynou, Karsten Peters-von Gehlen, Chavez Pope, Basile Poujol, Niwde Rivera Maldonado, Nina Robbins-Blanch, Nicolas Rochetin, Daniel Rowe, Paula Romero Jure, James H. Ruppert Jr., Jairo Segura Bermudez, Jarrett C. Starr, Martin Stelzner, Connor Stoll, Macintyre Syrett, Abraham Tekoe, Jeremie Trules, Colin Welty, Daniel Klocke, Raphaela Vogel, Sandrine Bony, Allison A. Wing, and Bjorn Stevens Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-638,2025 Preprint under review for ESSD (discussion: open, 0 comments) The RAPSODI dataset compiles 624 radiosonde profiles collected during the 2024 ORCESTRA campaign across the tropical Atlantic—from Cape Verde (INMG), the R/V Meteor, and the Barbados Cloud Observatory. It provides high-resolution temperature, humidity, wind, and pressure data to study convection, tropical waves, and ITCZ dynamics. Data are quality-controlled and openly available in Zarr format via IPFS. 2025-11-20T09:14:47+01:00 High resolution continuous flow analysis impurity data from the Mount Brown South ice core, East Antarctica https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6255-2025 High resolution continuous flow analysis impurity data from the Mount Brown South ice core, East Antarctica Margaret Harlan, Helle Astrid Kjær, Aylin de Campo, Anders Svensson, Thomas Blunier, Vasileios Gkinis, Sarah Jackson, Christopher Plummer, and Tessa Vance Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6255–6271, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6255-2025, 2025 This paper provides high-resolution chemistry and impurity measurements from the Mount Brown South ice core in East Antarctica, from 873 to 2008 CE. Measurements include sodium, ammonium, hydrogen peroxide, electrolytic conductivity, and insoluble microparticles. Data are provided on three scales: 1 mm and 3 cm averaged depth resolution and decadally averaged. The paper also describes the continuous flow analysis systems used to collect the data and characterizes uncertainties and data quality. 2025-11-19T09:14:47+01:00 A daily gridded dataset of the Fire Weather Index across Canada, with calculations based on the sun’s elevation https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-535 A daily gridded dataset of the Fire Weather Index across Canada, with calculations based on the sun’s elevation Clémence Benoît, Jonathan Durand, Philippe Gachon, Jonathan Boucher, and Yan Boulanger Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-535,2025 Preprint under review for ESSD (discussion: open, 0 comments) In this data description paper, we present the ERA5-FWI-SN dataset, which consists in a gridded dataset of the daily Forest Fire Weather System (FWI) components across Canada, derived from the hourly ERA5 reanalysis products. For the first time, FWI calculations use surface weather readings taken at the local solar noon. This new method enables a more physically realistic spatial distribution of FWI components values across all boreal forest ecosystems, in particular along the time zones. 2025-11-19T09:14:47+01:00 Radon-222 monitoring at German ICOS atmosphere stations https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6173-2025 Radon-222 monitoring at German ICOS atmosphere stations Maksym Gachkivskyi, Ute Karstens, Bernd Fischer, Dagmar Kubistin, Jennifer Müller-Williams, Matthias Lindauer, and Ingeborg Levin Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6173–6197, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6173-2025, 2025 222Radon (Rn) can be used to distinguish marine and continental air masses or to validate transport models. The Heidelberg Radon Monitor (HRM) measures 214polonium (Po), a progeny of Rn. This study presents Po-based Rn activity concentrations measured with the HRM at eight stations in Germany with guidelines for estimating Rn from Po measurements. Comparison between modeled and measured activity concentrations shows that at high relative humidity Po measurements cannot be interpreted as Rn. 2025-11-18T09:14:47+01:00 Measurement of the ice-nucleating particle concentration using a mobile filter-based sampler on-board of a fixed-wing uncrewed aerial vehicle during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6157-2025 Measurement of the ice-nucleating particle concentration using a mobile filter-based sampler on-board of a fixed-wing uncrewed aerial vehicle during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 2022 Alexander Böhmländer, Larissa Lacher, Kristina Höhler, David Brus, Konstantinos-Matthaios Doulgeris, Jessica Girdwood, Thomas Leisner, and Ottmar Möhler Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6157–6164, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6157-2025, 2025 Clouds play a key role in weather and climate. Pure liquid water droplets are liquid until about −35 °C without the presence of a small subset of aerosols, ice-nucleating particles (INPs). These INPs lead to primary ice formation and therefore impact the phase of clouds. The dataset described herein provides INP concentration measurements at two altitudes. Connecting this data to synoptic conditions and ambient data might provide a better understanding of INPs in Finnish Lapland. 2025-11-18T09:14:47+01:00 Measurement of the ice-nucleating particle concentration with the Portable Ice Nucleation Experiment during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6165-2025 Measurement of the ice-nucleating particle concentration with the Portable Ice Nucleation Experiment during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 2022 Alexander Böhmländer, Larissa Lacher, Romy Fösig, Nicole Büttner, Jens Nadolny, David Brus, Konstantinos-Matthaios Doulgeris, and Ottmar Möhler Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6165–6171, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6165-2025, 2025 Cloud-aerosol interactions lead to a phase change of water droplets inside the atmosphere. One of these interactions happens due to a small subset of aerosols, ice-nucleating particles (INPs). These INPs lead to the freezing of pure water droplets above −35 °C, which otherwise would stay liquid. This has impacts on the weather and climate. The present data set presents a unique data set with a high temporal resolution. 2025-11-18T09:14:47+01:00 PaleoRiada: a new integrated spatial database of palaeofloods in Spain https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6199-2025 PaleoRiada: a new integrated spatial database of palaeofloods in Spain Kelly Patricia Sandoval-Rincón, Julio Garrote-Revilla, Daniel Vázquez-Tarrío, Silvia Cervel, Jose Hernández-Manchado, Juan López-Vinielles, Rosa María Mateos, Juan Antonio Ballesteros-Cánovas, Gerardo Benito, and Andrés Díez-Herrero Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6199–6216, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6199-2025, 2025 Most published palaeoflood databases are outdated, lack hydrological data, and are difficult to access, especially for non-academic users such as flood risk managers. PaleoRiada, the first open palaeoflood database for Spain, addresses these issues by compiling data from 299 palaeoflood records, accessible through an open-access web platform. The database supports the revision of Potential Significant Flood Risk Areas and provides insights for regions not included in current national flood maps. 2025-11-18T09:14:47+01:00 Bright: a globally distributed multimodal building damage assessment dataset with very-high-resolution for all-weather disaster response https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6217-2025 Bright: a globally distributed multimodal building damage assessment dataset with very-high-resolution for all-weather disaster response Hongruixuan Chen, Jian Song, Olivier Dietrich, Clifford Broni-Bediako, Weihao Xuan, Junjue Wang, Xinlei Shao, Yimin Wei, Junshi Xia, Cuiling Lan, Konrad Schindler, and Naoto Yokoya Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6217–6253, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6217-2025, 2025 Natural disasters often damage buildings and threaten lives, especially in areas with limited resources. To help improve emergency response, we created a global dataset called BRIGHT using both optical and radar images to detect building damage in any weather. We tested many artificial intelligence models and showed how well they work in real disaster scenes. This work can guide better tools for future disaster recovery and help save lives faster. 2025-11-18T09:14:47+01:00 Ten years of measurements (2012–2022) of the atmospheric composition at Saclay/SIRTA Observatory in the Ile de France Region as part of ICOS and ACTRIS https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-602 Ten years of measurements (2012–2022) of the atmospheric composition at Saclay/SIRTA Observatory in the Ile de France Region as part of ICOS and ACTRIS Laura Bouillon, Valérie Gros, Morgan Lopez, Nicolas Bonnaire, Carole Philippon, Camille Yver Kwok, Leslie David, Olivier Perrussel, Olivier Sanchez, Simone Kotthaus, Jean-Eudes Petit, Philippe Ciais, and Michel Ramonet Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-602,2025 Preprint under review for ESSD (discussion: open, 0 comments) The Saclay observatory, 20 km southwest of Paris, monitored greenhouse and reactive gases, as well as aerosols, over 10 years to assess the impact of urban emissions. By comparing downwind and background conditions, the study revealed significant reductions in pollutants linked to traffic: -35.6 % for CO, -52.3 % for NOₓ, -56.7 % for eBC, and -15 % for CO2. These trends align with emission decrease estimates from AIRPARIF inventories over the same period. 2025-11-18T09:14:47+01:00