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. 2018 Jan;38(1):46-50.
doi: 10.1111/scd.12262. Epub 2017 Dec 26.

Factors associated with anterior open bite in children with developmental disabilities

Lia Silva de Castilho  1 , Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães Abreu  2 , Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Pires E Souza  3 , Leiliane Teresinha de Almeida Romualdo  3 , Maria Elisa Souza E Silva  4 , Vera Lúcia Silva Resende  4
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Factors associated with anterior open bite in children with developmental disabilities

Lia Silva de Castilho et al. Spec Care Dentist. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate factors associated with anterior open bite in individuals aged from 2 to 33 years with developmental disabilities.

Design: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 271 dental records were examined. The anterior open bite analyzed was determined based on clinic exam. These variables were also analyzed: gender, age, education level of mother, International Code of Diseases (ICD), mouth breathing, use of anticonvulsant drugs, hyperkinesis, pacifier use, thumb sucking, seizure, and involuntary movements. For the purposes of analysis, the individuals were categorized as being with and without anterior open bite. Variables with a p-value of < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were incorporated into the logistic regression models.

Results: Mouth breathers had a 2.60-fold (95% CI: 1.35-5.01) greater chance of exhibiting anterior open bite than nasal breathers. Pacifier users are more likely to have an anterior open bite (3.32-fold, 95% CI: 1.62-6.77). Individuals with reported involuntary movements had a 2.66-fold (95% CI: 1.26-5.63) greater chance of exhibiting anterior open bite. Users of anticonvulsants drugs had a 3.05 (95% CI: 1.57-5.92) greater chance of showing anterior open bite.

Conclusion: Involuntary movements, mouth breathing, using anticonvulsant drugs, and using pacifier are factors associated with anterior open bite in patients with developmental disabilities.

Keywords: anterior open bite; cerebral palsy; developmental disabilities.

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