Education

Annually, more than ten million people in all age groups in the world experience an acquired brain injury, which is a brain injury caused after birth by external forces or certain internal factors. Brain injury survivors are often left with long-term impairments in cognitive, social, or emotional functioning. Despite a promising outset, research on the effectiveness of philosophical dialogues as an educational method for persons with ABI to increase their cognitive, social, and emotional functioning has, to our knowledge, been virtually (...) non-existent. The present research project targets this and uses a pretest-posttest and mixed-method triangulation design and attempts to measure effects of two small-scale interventions carried out in the northern part of Sweden. In this text, the project’s research design, data production, and data processing are described. (shrink)

This book gives an account of work that I have done over a period of decades that sets out to solve two fundamental problems of philosophy: the mind-body problem and the problem of induction. Remarkably, these revolutionary contributions to philosophy turn out to have dramatic implications for a wide range of issues outside philosophy itself, most notably for the capacity of humanity to resolve current grave global problems and make progress towards a better, wiser world. A key element of the (...) proposed solution to the first problem is that physics is about only a highly specialized aspect of all that there is – the causally efficacious aspect. Once this is understood, it ceases to be a mystery that natural science says nothing about the experiential aspect of reality, the colours we perceive, the inner experiences we are aware of. That natural science is silent about the experiential aspect of reality is no reason whatsoever to hold that the experiential does not objectively exist. A key element of the proposed solution to the second problem is that physics, in persistently accepting unified theories only, thereby makes a substantial metaphysical assumption about the universe: it is such that a unified pattern of physical law runs through all phenomena. We need a new conception, and kind, of physics that acknowledges, and actively seeks to improve, metaphysical presuppositions inherent in the methods of physics. The problematic aims and methods of physics need to be improved as physics proceeds. These are the ideas that have fruitful implications, I set out to show, for a wide range of issues: for philosophy itself, for physics, for natural science more generally, for the social sciences, for education, for the academic enterprise as a whole and, most important of all, for the capacity of humanity to learn how to solve the grave global problems that menace our future, and thus make progress to a better, wiser world. It is not just science that has problematic aims; in life too our aims, whether personal, social or institutional, are all too often profoundly problematic, and in urgent need of improvement. We need a new kind of academic enterprise which helps humanity put aims-and-methods improving meta-methods into practice in personal and social life, so that we may come to do better at achieving what is of value in life, and make progress towards a saner, wiser world. This body of work of mine has met with critical acclaim. Despite that, astonishingly, it has been ignored by mainstream philosophy. In the book I discuss the recent work of over 100 philosophers on the mind-body problem and the metaphysics of science, and show that my earlier, highly relevant work on these issues is universally ignored, the quality of subsequent work suffering as a result. My hope, in publishing this book, is that my fellow philosophers will come to appreciate the intellectual value of my proposed solutions to the mind-body problem and the problem of induction, and will, as a result, join with me in attempting to convince our fellow academics that we need to bring about an intellectual/institutional revolution in academic inquiry so that it takes up its proper task of helping humanity learn how to solve problems of living, including global problems, and make progress towards as good, as wise and enlightened a world as possible. (shrink)

In this article, I explore a Bayesian approach to avalanche decision-making. I motivate this perspective by highlighting a version of the base-rate fallacy and show that a similar pattern applies to decision-making in avalanche-terrain. I then draw out three theoretical lessons from adopting a Bayesian approach and discuss these lessons critically. Lastly, I highlight a number of challenges for avalanche educators when incorporating the Bayesian perspective in their curriculum.

I argue that political philosopher Charles W. Mills’ twin concepts of ‘the epistemology of ignorance’ and ‘white ignorance’ are useful tools for thinking through racial injustice in the British education system. While anti-racist work in British education has a long history, racism persists in British primary, secondary and tertiary education. For Mills, the production and reproduction of racism relies crucially on cognitive and epistemological processes that produce ignorance, and which promote various ways of ignoring the histories and legacies of European (...) colonialism and imperialism, as well as the testimonies and scholarship of those who experience racism in their everyday lives. I survey these concepts within Mills’ work then marshal evidence in support of my claim that ‘the epistemology of ignorance’ and ‘white ignorance’ provide a useful framework for thinking through problems of racial injustice in British education. (shrink)

La presente obra está destinada a estudiar la incidencia de la sistematización y secuenciación procedimental en el desarrollo discente. Propone una mejora cualitativa en la adquisición de conocimientos teóricos y prácticos, así como en la capacitación del pensamiento crítico, del juicio razonado y de la sensibilidad moral en el ámbito de la Teoría de la Educación. Se presenta como un proceso segmentado, es decir, como una progresión o secuencia de pasos que se orienta a una tarea final consistente en intentar (...) poner a prueba si el citado proceso resulta eficiente en su orden. Así, pues, esta larga tarea o flujo de trabajo se propone investigar si la acción pedagógica estructurada y secuenciada resulta globalmente más segura, fructífera y vigorosa que las acciones complejas puntuales por lo que se refiere al logro y consolidación de determinadas capacidades. De lo que se trata es de estudiar la validez de una metodología procesual que evite convertir las asignaturas en compartimentos estancos por lo que se refiere a las competencias y a las capacidades discentes, y comprobar si la secuenciación temático-procedimental propuesta supone una mejora apreciable en la calidad de la docencia, así como un beneficio presente y futuro para los estudiantes, que son sus verdaderos destinatarios. (shrink)

La presente obra culmina un análisis pedagógico ajustado a lo que su propia naturaleza le exige, y que no es otra cosa que rigor, coherencia, adaptabilidad y altura de miras. De la misma manera que las cicatrices personales, siendo un indicativo de la existencia que hemos sobrellevado, no deciden nuestro destino, los contextos pueden condicionar concepciones, ideas, perspectivas, creencias y anhelos, pero nunca los determinan unívocamente. La finalidad de la educación ha de ser elevar, no complacer, armonizando lo firme y (...) lo cambiante en la persecución de sus objetivos. Resta decir que un estudiante universitario no es un ser hueco a la espera de resultar configurado desde el exterior; tampoco es alguien al que deba obligársele al conocimiento de los hechos y al desconocimiento de lo que acontece o pasa en la realidad. Y, más concretamente, un estudiante de Teoría de la Educación -en cuanto que Teoría del Conocimiento Pedagógico en su sentido más amplio- no debe quedar ensombrecido por la presentación de una interminable variedad de lo mismo. Éste es el desafío al que debemos enfrentarnos constantemente como docentes. (shrink)

Pasado y presente se encuentran en las páginas de esta obra. Ahora bien, ello no pretende incurrir en ningún tipo de cronolatría. Por ello mismo, alberga la pretensión de mirar al futuro y proporcionar claves interpretativas para analizar y afrontar lo que está por venir. Tanto la Historia de la Educación como la Teoría de la Educación, por separado así como de manera interactiva, investigan, describen, analizan e interpretan lo que aconteció y lo que acaece con la finalidad de preparar (...) los andamios que permitan desentrañar retos latentes y afrontar nuevos desafíos. Por ello mismo, ninguna de las dos disciplinas se mueve por lo novedoso ni hacia lo más reciente, sino por aquello que discurre destilando permanencia. No hacerlo supondría atender sólo a lo último de la actualidad, lo cual conduciría a tales disciplinas a acabar trabajando para verter simples crónicas históricas o emitir meras informaciones tan profundamente superficiales como fugaces. Por tanto, una historia con voz propia y una teoría que pivota sobre el mejoramiento de procesos y de personas son los dos ejes que van a servir para enhebrar los contenidos del presente libro. (shrink)

La presente obra hace un recorrido filosófico y pedagógico sobre el pensamiento y la acción. Estructurada en dos partes -Realidad, persona y conocimiento, y Relaciones humanas y formación-, aborda temas tan esenciales como actuales. Los procesos antropológicos, éticos y pedagógicos de optimización y de adecuación de las personas exigen, de manera necesaria, un planteamiento inicial que aborde la cuestión de la finalidad, pues todo objetivo, por parcial, responde a una concepción global previa. Ésta se estructura conforme al conocimiento que se (...) tiene de aquello sobre lo que se va a actuar, a la vez que lo hace sobre el fin último pretendido. En el caso del ser humano, especialmente, el conocimiento de su naturaleza resulta primordial para afinar muy bien la finalidad perseguida. El desenfoque en este aspecto invalida las acciones particulares y acarrea la ruina de todo proyecto. En efecto, conocer y tener en cuenta las condiciones y los procedimientos, así como los objetivos y las finalidades, no puede desligarse de las posibilidades reales de la actuación, las cuales, a su vez, gravitan sobre la realidad, sobre lo que hay, sobre la firmeza y la potencia de lo dado. Ni el pensamiento ni la acción pueden ser una hoja en blanco que soporte todo garabato, llámese teoría, plan de acción o utopía. Hasta el deseo ha de ser razonable si no se quiere ver frustrado. Estas cuestiones acerca del fundamento son tratadas en la primera parte de esta obra. En ella se abordan las relaciones entre la existencia y el conocimiento, entre la verdad y la inteligencia, entre la interioridad y el ser, así como el proceso y las repercusiones que tienen tanto el desconocimiento como la negación de la realidad antropológica del ser humano. Por lo que respecta a la segunda parte, en ella se afrontan los desafíos planteados por la vulnerabilidad de la condición humana, y por la necesidad de perfeccionar el tratamiento de la mejora del ser humano a través de la acción educativa. La sabiduría es virtud que debe ser alcanzada para vivir bien, y no sólo objeto de indagación filosófica. Pues bien, si puede hablarse de un comienzo del saber y del saber-hacer, es decir, de un initium sapientiae, podremos plantearnos seria y rigurosamente qué hacer con uno mismo, con los demás y con todo lo demás. Solamente resta desear que el contenido de las siguientes páginas sea capaz de suscitar interés y, lo que es más importante, conocimientos y ánimo para disponerse de forma adecuada, esto es, filosófica y pedagógicamente, al pensamiento y a la acción. (shrink)

El problema del acceso al conocimiento suele inscribirse en los estrechos márgenes de lo metodológico. Sin embargo, dicha cuestión excede los límites de la pura practicidad y eficiencia. La posibilidad de saber exige una indagación que trascienda la pura epidermis del supuesto de un cúmulo de conocimientos dados y al alcance de todos. Dicha posibilidad es mucho más que la distancia que media entre el sujeto dispuesto a conocer y los contenidos a asimilar. El acceso al saber implica, además, una (...) mirada a la realidad sin la cual el contenido asimilable se desnaturaliza como nutriente espiritual. Por consiguiente, resulta pertinente indagar qué miradas de la realidad son las que sirven de sustento a la diversidad de los concretos accesos a los múltiples saberes. Tal es el núcleo vertebrador que recorre esta obra. Fundamentos, contextos y metodologías de la educación resulta así un subtítulo que pretende especificar el objeto de estudio de El acceso al conocimiento. Se trata tanto de una exposición objetiva como de una dilucidación comprometida, dirigidas ambas al corazón de los procesos formativos vigentes. Cada uno de los veintidós capítulos que componen El acceso al conocimiento ha sido expuesto por separado y públicamente en el seno de diversos Congresos Internacionales. Por tanto, cada uno de ellos ha sido sometido a debate en sesiones congresuales que abarcan seis años: desde el 2000 hasta el 2006. La compilación que aquí se presenta –y en la que se han mantenido las diversas modalidades de cita bibliográfica- tiene, pues, el valor añadido de intentar propiciar nuevos diálogos y renovadas reflexiones. (shrink)

El presente Diccionario General de Pedagogía y Anexos Legislativos Españoles tiene la doble pretensión de servir a la comunidad docente en concreto, y al público en general, y de convertirse en un instrumento de consulta estudiantil. Su atención a elementos estables del discurso y del despliegue institucional educativo así como a las últimas transformaciones derivadas del proceso de convergencia europea así lo ponen de manifiesto. Estructurada en dos partes netamente complementarias como son el conjunto de las entradas y los fragmentos (...) legislativos de orden educativo, la obra intenta dotar al lector de los conocimientos precisos y esenciales que requiere hoy una buena formación en el ámbito que nos ocupa, y que es el la Pedagogía en concreto y el de la educación en general. Así, la concisión en las definiciones y caracterizaciones tanto como la exposición de los elementos que sirven de sustentación jurídica del discurso educativo forman una unidad coherente y completa. Si bien no todos los términos que configuran el presente Diccionario General de Pedagogía tienen su origen en el ámbito pedagógico, todos convergen en éste. Así, las entradas procedentes de las teorías pedagógicas conviven con otras provenientes de la psicología, las nuevas tecnologías y de la política y legislación educativas. Ello se justifica si se atiende a las finalidades últimas del sistema educativo y de la educación en general, que señala objetivos al servicio de los cuales se ordenan medios de procedencia diversa pero útiles por su instrumentalización pedagógica. Por lo que se refiere a los Anexos legislativos, éstos se estructuran en seis apartados, cronológicamente estructurados, que van desde la Ley General de Educación y Financiamiento de la Reforma Educativa hasta la Ley Orgánica de Calidad de la Educación, pasando por la Ley de Reforma Universitaria, la Ley Reguladora del Derecho a la Educación, la Ley Ordenación General del Sistema Educativo y la Ley Orgánica de Universidades. Sobre tales leyes se ha procedido a seleccionar sus fragmentos más ilustrativos y relevantes para el potencial lector de este Diccionario. Sólo queda desear que este Diccionario General de Pedagogía y Anexos Legislativos Españoles pueda cumplir su cometido como obra de consulta rápida y de incentivo a la investigación, profundización e innovación educativas. (shrink)

El territorio de la educación resulta inestable. Adentrarse especulativamente en él requiere perspectivas desde las que otear el horizonte. Sin embargo, pronto se toma conciencia de que tanto dicho confín como tales miradores se presentan nebulosos. No sólo resulta problemático dar una definición de educación; también lo es el articular los medios conducentes a las finalidades educacionales propuestas. A pesar de ello, se procede a educar incesantemente, lo que prueba la necesidad del acto educativo y, por tanto, la de su (...) dilucidación. Tanto el esfuerzo por tratar de comprender los cambios presentes como el empeño por descifrar las implicaciones éticas e ideológicas que encierra cada propuesta de intervención educativa resultan insoslayables. Sin embargo, hay que decir que ni tal esfuerzo ni tal empeño pueden llegar a vaticinar cómo llegará alguien a amar el aprendizaje ni tampoco de qué forma se aprende a amar el conocimiento o el trabajo bien realizado. ¿Cuál es el procedimiento? ¿Cuál ha de ser el trazado? La diversidad de respuestas a estas cuestiones nos muestra que la persona del educando alberga siempre la posibilidad de sorprendernos. (shrink)

Nuestro tiempo debe ser expresado en las palabras de siempre. Limitarse a rasguear la contemporaneidad induce a creer que los nuevos tiempos no se nutren más que de sí mismos y que, por ello, devienen a través de concatenaciones originales. Pero no es así. No siempre resulta tan sugerente. Cuando el pasado histórico deja de ser percibido como lastre para pasar a ser contemplado como irrenunciable posibilidad de radicación, entonces puede decirse que se ha tomado conciencia de la primera grada (...) que podría llevar tanto a un esfuerzo por desentrañar e identificar lo medular de determinado período histórico como a la valentía de expresarlo al margen de pueriles afectos. Como no podía ser de otro modo, la presente obra contiene un diagnóstico del momento cultural presente. No basta con pesar, contar y medir. Porque las promesas suelen habitar en los mismos lugares que las amenazas, una pedagogía inhóspita caracterizada por ser una pura técnica de aplicación externa e incentivo sin alma –aunque, por ello, nada desideologizada- deja inermes tanto al teórico como al educando que, decepcionado, termina obrando como mero instrumento. Es difícil aceptar que sólo puede realizarse la necropsia de lo valioso en sí, que sólo queda el infierno. Por tanto, es un deber buscar razones para la resistencia y razones para educar en la beligerancia. Las herencias disimuladas, las herencias rechazadas, las herencias soportadas y las herencias pretendidas nos hablan de la semilla más que del despojo. Ciertamente, todas ellas permiten divisar la subjetiva búsqueda de lo mejor; con todo, hay que decir que ninguna puede escamotear la fabricación de lo objetivamente conveniente. De todas formas, falsear la Historia puede implicar que lo potencialmente recuperable o restaurable, por valioso, tenga posibilidades de salir indemne; podrá sobrevivir al quedar sepultado transitoriamente tras los escombros de lo otro de sí. La repatriación es la esperanza del forzado a la expatriación. La presente obra tuvo su origen en la preocupación por dar una respuesta al problema del porvenir de la educación y de la Pedagogía, es decir, al tema de la reconfiguración de éstas en un futuro no muy lejano. Ello llevó, de inmediato, a la exigencia de analizar críticamente el presente tanto desde el punto de vista de los posicionamientos discursivos dominantes más relacionados con la filosofía de la educación como desde la perspectiva de su propio devenir histórico. La constante aparición del nexo entre los problemas antropológicos más relevantes y la crítica de la metafísica exigió que la postmodernidad fuese reubicada en un contexto que superara su inserción en un escenario que tuviese por trasfondo únicamente a la modernidad. En otras palabras, fue apareciendo la necesidad de trascender el binarismo modernidad-postmodernidad. De esta manera, se consideró que la tradición realista –o, vagamente, premodernidad- debía aparecer en escena en abierto diálogo crítico con los posicionamientos cronológicamente posteriores. Expresar nuestro tiempo en las palabras de siempre supone la intención de apresar las constantes históricas sin perder de vista el dinamismo propio del presente. Análisis y perspectivas filosóficas, epistemológicas e históricas de la contemporaneidad desde un discurso crítico-pedagógico indica una dirección y una ubicación. Si unos pocos capítulos como los que siguen atrapan algo de la compleja realidad me daré por satisfecho. (shrink)

Elementos de Teoría de la Educación se presenta como una obra de síntesis de aquellos aspectos que, dentro del ámbito de la Teoría de la Educación, resultan fundamentales para los estudiantes universitarios preocupados por la educación en todas sus vertientes. Destinada, pues, a prestar un servicio teórico en cuanto a la exposición y clarificación de posiciones filosóficas y pedagógicas perennes -sin dejar por ello de realizar incursiones tanto históricas como culturales-, se estructura de tal modo que puede servir también como (...) guía orientativa y facilitadora que aliente posteriores desarrollos. Estructurada en dos partes bien diferenciadas -Problematizaciones: exigencias y finalidades pedagógicas y, en segundo lugar, Esquemas temáticos-, la presente obra cuenta con la ventaja de introducir en la primera de ellas cuestiones globales que, en la segunda, son retomadas en núcleos temáticos, esto es, con una inserción concreta y muy determinada. Con ello se pretende no sólo guiar al alumno a través de la temática teórico-educativa sino, también, incentivar la lectura activa. Sólo resta desear que los contenidos y la estructuración que aquí se ofrecen respondan tanto a los importantes anhelos de los estudiantes de Educación como a las considerables necesidades formativas que la sociedad les demanda. (shrink)

This article is about a new definition of health and how this relates to transition processes. It focuses on the practical translation of the new concepts into challenges for mental health nurses. To that aim the Engagement Model is examined and operationalized. We did so as nurse researcher and lecturer involved in training nurse practitioners.

Education sector in the world takes the largest part from the other sectors, because of this; all countries are interested in the field of education. If we look at learning English language is the third most common languages in the world. Also, IS the internationally dominant in the telecommunications, science and radio, aviation, entertainment, read and diplomatic language as most of the areas of work now taught in English. In this paper, we describe an intelligent tutoring system to help students (...) to help students learn English language grammar easily and smoothly. Therefore, AI experts developed tools for improve learning ways under the name Intelligent Tutoring System. The Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) is a computer system that offers an instant, adapted instruction and customized feedback to students without human teacher interference. System adapts with all the individual differences of students and begins gradually with students from easier to harder level. The intelligent tutoring system was given to a group of students all age groups to try it and to see the impact of the system on students. (shrink)

Due to the tremendous progress in technology and the methods used in its application to facilitate and refine human's life, Intelligent Tutoring System was created to contribute in this era. In this study, the Intelligent Tutoring System was adopted as a platform in linking the complex Technological fields for obtaining information smoothly, and highlighting the importance of water issues and in the Gaza strip. In the light of the absence and inability of the formal education system to raise awareness of (...) the water crisis and its consequences on the daily life of the Gazans, the current Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) has been utilized to disseminate knowledge and enhance awareness of water problems. The ITS aims to embrace a new water conservation practices and ensure the sustainability of fresh water. Basically the software of the tutoring system is used to create a program which could be easily used by the public population and specialists in the water field. The resulting program was fed with plenty of information about the current local water status and its related problems which are considerably useful for anyone interested to raise his/her level of knowledge and awareness about the local water status in addition to the researchers by reducing their dependency on human sources. The ITS system was presented to two groups of people: The first one consists of specialized water experts and the other consists of master student enrolled in Institute of Water and Environment in Al-Azhar University in Gaza who are interested in water problems. Both groups were requested to use the final version of the system and give their feedback by filling a questionnaire, and then the averages of the answered questions were measured for each group. It was found that the overall impressions of the users were positive. (shrink)

Recently, due to the rapid progress of computer technology, researchers develop an effective computer program to enhance the achievement of the student in learning process, which is Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS). Science is important because it influences most aspects of everyday life, including food, energy, medicine, leisure activities and more. So learning science subject at school is very useful, but the students face some problem in learning it. So we designed an ITS system to help them understand this subject easily (...) and smoothly by analyzing it and explaining it in a systematic way. In this paper, we describe the design of an Intelligent Tutoring System for teaching science for grade seven to help students know the 7 characteristics for living things smoothly. The system provides all topics of living things and generates some questions for each topic and the students should answer these questions correctly to move to the next level. In the result of an evaluation of the ITS, students like the system and they said that it is very useful for them and for their studies. (shrink)

This paper presents the design and development of intelligent tutoring system for teaching Oracle. The Oracle Intelligent Tutoring System (OITS) examined the power of a new methodology to supporting students in Oracle programming. The system presents the topic of Introduction to Oracle with automatically generated problems for the students to solve. The system is dynamically adapted at run time to the student’s individual progress. An initial evaluation study was done to investigate the effect of using the intelligent tutoring system on (...) the performance of students. (shrink)

: Lately there is more attention paid to technological development in intelligent tutoring systems. This field is becoming an interesting topic to many researchers. In this paper, we are presenting an intelligent tutoring system for teaching DES Information Security Algorithm called DES-Tutor. The DES-Tutor target the students enrolled in cryptography course in the department Information Technology in Al-Azhar University in Gaza. Through DES-Tutor the student will be able to study course material and try the exercises of each lesson. An evaluation (...) of the DES-Tutor was carried out and the results were promising. (shrink)

Recently there is an increasing technological development in intelligent tutoring systems. This field has become interesting to many researchers. In this paper, we present an intelligent tutoring system for teaching information security. This intelligent tutoring systems target the students enrolled in Advanced Topics in Information Security in the faculty of Engineering and Information Technology at Al-Azhar University in Gaza. Through which the student will be able to study the course and solve related problems. An evaluation of the intelligent tutoring systems (...) was carried out and the results were promising. (shrink)

These days, the utilization of innovation to improve educating and learning is expanding quickly. Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) is one of method that uses artificial intelligence techniques to represent a form of computer-based training in which the system uses a knowledge base to provide guidance to the student as the student interacts with the system. In this paper, we plan and create SQL (Structured Query Language) Intelligent Tutoring Systems for beginner understudies in programming SQL, which understudies need to specialize in (...) information base track. The framework gives all themes of SQL and creates a few inquiries for every subject and the understudies should answer these inquiries accurately to move to the following level, the SQL coach concentrate on utilizing video, sound and pictures to make learning process simpler. (shrink)

This paper aims at helping trainees to overcome the difficulties they face when dealing with Arduino platform by describing the design of a desktop based intelligent tutoring system. The main idea of this system is a systematic introduction into the concept of Arduino platform. The system shows the circuit boards of Arduino that can be purchased at low cost or assembled from freely-available plans; and an open-source development environment and library for writing code to control the board topic of Arduino (...) platform. The system is adaptive with the trainee’s individual progress. The system functions as a special tutor who deals with trainees according to their levels and skills. Evaluation of the system has been applied on professional and unprofessional trainees in this field and the results were good. (shrink)

This study was conducted with the aim of developing the academic work in the Palestinian universities. No one can deny the technological stage that we are witnessing in the present era. Our mission is to use this development to develop the educational process. The Artificial Intelligence of the most important branches of computer science, which is interested in the development of computer software in order to make them simulate intelligent human, recently it emerged promised based on artificial intelligence applications are (...) intelligent tutoring system one of the most prominent of these applications is the most useful in the field of education. Intelligent tutoring system are programs that are helping the student and the teacher in the educational process, so that the student exploits these systems to increase his education and the acquisition of scientific skills, and we are not exaggerating if we say that the future of the development of the educational process is through the development of intelligent private teaching systems because it adapts to me intellectual level of the student as well as easy to use and available 24 hours every day. In this study, a smart tutor was designed using the ITSB tool developed by Prof. Sami Abu Nasser to develop the process of teaching the computer skills course. This course is a university course that teaches students of Israa University on different samples of students. After completion of the course, and evaluate the special lecturers who studied the course and used the system in the process of teaching and arrived at a set of conclusions and recommendations make sure that the use of the tutor Smart smartphone is important in the development of laboratory teaching has positive results in improving the level of scientific student . (shrink)

The paper depicts the blueprint of an electronic wise indicating system for demonstrating learning French to understudies to overcome the inconveniences they go up against. The fundamental idea of this structure is a proficient introduction into learning French. The system shows the purpose of learning French and coordinates thusly made issues for the understudies to clarify. The system is logically balanced at run time to the understudy’s individual progress. The system gives unequivocal help to adaptable presentation to learners.

The invention of technology and its entry into many fields facilitated many things. For example, there were smart systems that were based on diagnosing diseases, organizing traffic, and teaching students in schools. These days, relying on traditional education (classroom lectures, texts, and individual assignments) at schools is no longer the only and best solution for educating students, increasing their culture and keeping them up to date in life. E-learning was an ideal solution, based on Lifelong learning implies lifelong education, artificial (...) intelligence has an imprint in this by developing systems depend on one or more teacher for each student. In this paper, Intelligent Tutoring System Builder explains in terms of the meaning, key components and the integration between them. In order to implement this system, we had a smart Excel education system called Excel Intelligent Tutoring System, which aimed at novice students as users, and teachers as an exhibitor of educational material, with a simple explanation of how to use and benefit from the system. At the end, a system evaluation presentation was accepted as the basis for a long-term education project. (shrink)

This study was conducted with the aim of developing the academic work in the Palestinian universities. No one can deny the technological stage that we are witnessing in the present era. Our mission is to use this development to develop the educational process. The Artificial Intelligence of the most important branches of computer science, which is interested in the development of computer software in order to make them simulate intelligent human, recently it emerged promised based on artificial intelligence applications are (...) intelligent tutoring system one of the most prominent of these applications is the most useful in the field of education. Intelligent tutoring system are programs that are helping the student and the teacher in the educational process, so that the student exploits these systems to increase his education and the acquisition of scientific skills, and we are not exaggerating if we say that the future of the development of the educational process is through the development of intelligent private teaching systems because it adapts to me intellectual level of the student as well as easy to use and available 24 hours every day. In this study, a smart tutor was designed using the ITSB tool developed by Prof. Sami Abu Nasser to develop the process of teaching the computer skills course. This course is a university course that teaches students of Israa University on different samples of students. After completion of the course, and evaluate the special lecturers who studied the course and used the system in the process of teaching and arrived at a set of conclusions and recommendations make sure that the use of the tutor Smart smartphone is important in the development of laboratory teaching has positive results in improving the level of scientific student . (shrink)

The paper describes the design of an intelligent tutoring system for teaching Introduction to Computer Science-a compulsory curriculum in Al-Azhar University of Gaza to students who attend the university. The basic idea of this system is a systematic introduction into computer science. The system presents topics with examples. The system is dynamically checks student's individual progress. An initial evaluation study was done to investigate the effect of using the intelligent tutoring system on the performance of students enrolled in computer science (...) curriculum at Al-Azhar University, Gaza. The results showed a positive impact on the evaluators. (shrink)

In this paper, we designed and developed an intelligent tutoring system for teaching Photoshop. We designed the lessons, examples, and questions in a way to teach and evaluate student understanding of the material. Through the feedback provided by this tool, you can assess the student's understanding of the material, where there is a minimum overshoot questions stages, and if the student does not pass the level of questions he is asked to return the lesson and read it again. Eventually this (...) administration is a special teacher for the students and can continue with him until he fully understands the lesson without weariness or boredom, regardless of the level of student. (shrink)

An Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) is a computer system that offers an instant, adapted instruction and customized feedback to students without human teacher interference. Reciting "Tajweed" the Holy Quran in the appropriate way is very important for all Muslims and is obligatory in Islamic devotions such as prayers. In this paper, the researchers introduce an intelligent tutoring system for teaching Reciting "Tajweed". Our "Tajweed" tutoring system is limited to "Tafkhim and Tarqiq in TAJWEED" the Holy Quran, Rewaya: Hafs from ‘Aasem. (...) The system was evaluated by reciting teachers and students, and the results were auspicious. (shrink)

In this paper we show how a student can learn the basics of the system databases using (W3school CSS) which was built as intelligent tutoring educational system by using the authoring tool called (ITSB). The learning material contains CSS and HTML. We divided the material in a group of lessons for novice learner which combines relational system and lessons in the process of learning. The student can learn using example of CSS, and types of CSS color. Furthermore, the intelligent tutoring (...) system supports not only lessons; but exercises of different difficult levels for each lesson. When a student finish successfully the first difficulty level in a lesson, the student is allowed to move to the next difficulty level of the exercises of the lesson. (shrink)

In this paper, we present an intelligent tutoring system developed to help students in learning Computer Theory. The Intelligent tutoring system was built using ITSB authoring tool. The system helps students to learn finite automata, pushdown automata, Turing machines and examines the relationship between these automata and formal languages, deterministic and nondeterministic machines, regular expressions, context free grammars, undecidability, and complexity. During the process the intelligent tutoring system gives assistance and feedback of many types in an intelligent manner according to (...) the behavior of the student. An evaluation of the intelligent tutoring system has revealed reasonably acceptable results in terms of its usability and learning abilities are concerned. (shrink)

Lately in the past couple of years, there are an increasing in the normal rate of playing computer games or video games compared to the E-learning content that are introduced for the safety of our children, and the impact of the video game addictiveness that ranges from (Musculoskeletal issues, Vision problems and Obesity). Furthermore, this paper introduce an intelligent tutoring system for both parent and their children for enhancement the experience of gaming and tell us about the health problems and (...) how we can solve them, with an easy user interface that way can our children be happy and excited about the information and their health. (shrink)

The evolution of Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) is the result of the amount of research in the field of education and artificial intelligence in recent years. English is the third most common languages in the world and also is the internationally dominant in the telecommunications, science and trade, aviation, entertainment, radio and diplomatic language as most of the areas of work now taught in English. Therefore, the demand for learning English has increased. In this paper, we describe the design of (...) an Intelligent Tutoring System for teaching English language grammar to help students learn English grammar easily and smoothly. The system provides all topics of English grammar and generates a series of questions automatically for each topic for the students to solve. The system adapts with all the individual differences of students and begins gradually with students from easier to harder level. The intelligent tutoring system was given to a group of students of all age groups to try it and to see the impact of the system on students. The results showed a good satisfaction of the students toward the system. (shrink)

In this paper a Knowledge-Based System (KBS) for determining the appropriate students major according to his/her preferences for sophomore student enrolled in the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology in Al-Azhar University of Gaza was developed and tested. A set of predefined criterions that is taken into consideration before a sophomore student can select a major is outlined. Such criterion as high school score, score of subject such as Math I, Math II, Electrical Circuit I, and Electronics I taken during (...) the student freshman year, number of credits passed, student cumulative grade point average of freshman year, among others, were then used as input data to KBS. KBS was designed and developed using Simpler Level Five (SL5) Object expert system language. KBS was tested on three generation of sophomore students from the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology of the Al-Azhar University, Gaza. The results of the evaluation show that the KBS is able to correctly determine the appropriate students major without errors. (shrink)

Given that teachers become primary fundamental exemplars and models for their students and the students are likely to emulate the presented teachers’ behaviors, it is necessary to consider how to promote teachers’ abilities as potential moral educators during the course of teacher education. To achieve this ultimate aim in teacher education, as argued by moral philosophers, psychologists, and educators, teachers should be able to well understand the mechanisms of moral functioning and how to effectively promote moral development based on evidence. (...) Recent findings in the fields of social sciences that have examined how morality is functioning among human beings, moral psychology in particular, provide us with the evidence through experiments and observations. Furthermore, thanks to the development of scientific research methods that enable researchers to investigate the neural-level nature of human behavior, the researchers now can examine neural correlates of moral functioning that constitutes the basis of moral behavior and development. To facilitate the understanding of the field of neuroscience of morality and its educational implications within the context of teacher education, first, the recent trend in the field will be reviewed, and second, how it can provide useful insights to teachers and teacher educations will be discussed. (shrink)

In the article I discuss three types of non-formal curriculum: the hidden, informal and null curriculum. Their negative impact on the moral education of medical students and physicians is documented through the choice of examples from Polish medical schools and the statements of Polish physicians. I also justify the thesis that the teaching of medical ethics as ethics-as-tools is deeply rooted within the Polish moral cultural tradition. The polemic with Władysław Biegański serves as a means of showing the relation between (...) the medical moral tradition and the belief that medical ethic is of little importance in the moral education of medical students and doctors. I also indicate that the lack of references to medical schools as moral entities within moral education condemns physicians to the solitude of their personal conscience when confronted with moral decisions. This, in turn, promotes the idea of defining this conscience in opposition to the law. (shrink)

This paper briefly highlights a small part of the work being done by Indigenous groups in Canada to integrate science into their ways of knowing and living with nature. Special attention is given to a recent attempt by Mi'kmaw educators in Unama'ki (Cape Breton, Nova Scotia) to overcome suspicion of science among their youth by establishing an 'Integrative Science' (Toqwa'tu'kl Kjijitaqnn, or 'bringing our knowledges together') degree programme at Cape Breton University. The goal was to combine Indigenous and scientific knowledges (...) in a way that protects and empowers Mi'kmaw rights and lifeways. (shrink)

This research aimed to explain the defense of oral interactions in the presence of information and communication technologies such as WhatsApp (WA) as well as to explore some of the positive contributions of WA used in building the Real Life Communication, especially in the learning environment. By applying the Exploratory design, this research involved 4 participants from various educational backgrounds as a purposively selected data source indicated as WA users at once. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussion, Interview, and (...) Observation and analyzed by several stages i.e. data reduction, displaying data, categorizing, and verifying and concluding. The results showed that oral interactions can decrease both in the language community and learning environment as the dominant use of WA that is not wise. Nevertheless, the use of WA applications also had some positive contributions in building a real relationship. Finally, the assumption that the negative impact of using the WA application should be able to change the mindset and positive attitude of the scholars in initiating and defending an oral interaction in the learning environment. (shrink)

Mostly learners and even teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) are still not able to speak grammatically and fluently just because they lack of the Indonesian language proficiency and comprehension. This research was done to investigate how the Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia) can assist the teachers and learners of EFL in improving their English proficiency and comprehension. The data were analyzed by applying Miles’ and Huberman’s framework; data reduction, data display, and drawing then verifying conclusion. The findings showed some (...) positive and negative representative perceptions of the teachers dealing with the roles of the Indonesian in the teaching and learning EFL. The second findings showed and explored the roles of the Indonesian in the teaching and learning EFL. There were five roles by which the Indonesian contribute to such as Functional Equation, Competence Indicator, Linguistic Mediator, Communicative Language Paradigm, and Situational Language Use. The third findings explored the aspects in which the Indonesian had the roles to play in assisting the teaching and learning the EFL such as aspect of the Linguistic Item, aspect of Semantics, and aspect of Pragmatics. There were three other findings in this research that were explored and labeled as Linguistic Competence vs Linguistic Cognition, Cultural Behavior-Based Language, and First Language Interest. (shrink)

The race among global firms to launch its respective products and services into the market sooner than the competitors puts pressure to equip its employees with job-related skills at the pace of business. Today’s global and dynamic business requires employees to develop highly complex cognitive skills such as decision-making, problem-solving, troubleshooting to perform their jobs proficiently. Traditional training models used by some organizations lead to a very slow speed at which employees gain an acceptable level of proficiency in the targeted (...) job skills. Also, these models have long and regimented instructional development cycle. Thus, traditional models are inherently counter-productive to the business and do not enable employees and organizations for today’s business needs. Therefore, business organizations need to explore new training models and strategies that could reduce the time an employee takes to reach target proficiency in complex skills without compromising the effectiveness or outcome. A comprehensive review of the literature shows a very limited amount of academic or practitioner research on this topic. This doctorate research study aims to find various training strategies that have proven successful in organizations for accelerating proficiency of employees in complex job skills. The researcher collected data primarily through 74 in-depth interviews with 86 training experts with known work experience of reducing time-to-proficiency in various settings. A total of 105 project cases have been collected across 42 industries to date. A grounded theory approach with constant comparison method is used to guide the theoretical saturation, analyze the data and to develop a theoretical model of training strategies. This unique study revealed a range of training strategies from non-training solutions to classroom instructions to workplace training to accelerate proficiency of employees in acquiring complex skills. This paper will specifically report the preliminary findings and conceptual model of major classroom-based instructional strategies only that has been found to hold the potential to shorten time-to-proficiency of employees at the workplace. This paper will also discuss the implications of the findings for the practitioners. Results in this study confirmed that classroom-based instructional strategies need to be designed and delivered the way the work is being performed in reality by the learners. Research findings suggest a pattern of five classroom-based instructional strategies that are more successful in reducing time-to-proficiency - 1) Contextualized learning 2) Performance analysis of star performer 3) Active processing and emotional involvement 4) Access to self-guided learning resources 5) Social interconnectivity and informal learning. (shrink)

The high pace business environment poses great competition among firms. The key to an organisation’s survival is its workforce. Time taken by the workforce to reach to full proficiency in their job role takes very long in certain job roles. Thus, shortening time-to-proficiency of employees is a critical business problem for today’s organisations. This qualitative research study explored the proven practices and strategies that have successfully reduced time-to-proficiency of the workforce in various settings. A total of 93 participants from seven (...) countries participated in the research study. Bounded project case was used as sampling unit and unit of analysis in this study. This study collected 67 successful project cases with the evidence of significant reduction in time-to-proficiency of the workforce in their settings. These project cases spanned across nine economic sectors, 20 business sectors and 28 industry groups. This study revealed that project leaders across the board used six practices to successfully reduced the time-to-proficiency. The purpose of this paper is present the model of accelerated proficiency at the workplace developed in this study. (shrink)

Holding students to high standards and assessing, measuring and evaluating their learning with challenging, authentic problems in the midterm and final exams is the goal of the professors who teach core signal processing concepts. However, the heavy reliance of these subjects on mathematics makes it difficult for students to genuinely grasp the concepts and relate to a conceptual framework. Specifically, analyzing the signals and the functionality of systems in Fourier domain; separating the system level analysis from signal level analysis; and (...) understanding how they are related in time domain and frequency domain are among the most challenging concepts. Students’ lower grades observed over past years in the introductory signal processing course exposed a potential disconnect between the actual level of learning and the high expectations set by the professors. In this paper, we present the active learning techniques that we implemented in one of the summer session offerings of this course in our department. The research explored Peer Instruction, pre-class reading quizzes and post-lecture quizzes. In addition to the mid and end of the quarter survey results, the comparison analysis of the grades students achieved in the active learning integrated course in the second summer session and the standard course offered in first summer session is discussed. According to our results, the developed techniques helped students in the active classroom perform significantly better than their peers participating in standard lectures when tested by challenging questions in their exams. (shrink)

Participant observation ethnography as a primary methodology, while common in other areas of social science, has been underrepresented in Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) literature. In many studies, ethnography is used to supplement findings or address questions arrived at through other methodologies, whereas the present pilot study promotes its viability as a primary method. In the Fall of 2017, graduate student researchers (GSRs) and other staff at the “Teaching Center” (TC) used ethnographic methodology as a means of meeting the (...) TC’s mandate for the 2017- 2018 year. The TC wanted to gather data on the efficacy of the classes as well as the staff members’ own processes of curriculum design and implementation. By adopting participant observation ethnography, the GSRs provided data for the TC and also discovered the utility of ethnography as a tool for designing research questions. This paper has five core sections devoted to describing the pilot study. These sections cover the aims of the TC and the context in which this pilot study was developed; a review of SoTL literature and the presence of ethnography as a primary methodology within it; an outline of the development of the methods used in this study; and how ethnography served as a tool for designing subsequent research projects. It concludes by offering several recommendations and comments to SoTL practitioners who are considering using ethnographic methods in higher education. (shrink)