Pancala, Pāñcāla, Pañcālā, Pañcāla: 26 definitions

Introduction

Introduction
In Hinduism
In Buddhism
1. Theravada
2. Tibetan Buddhism
In Jainism
1. General definition
India history
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
See also

Introduction:

Pancala means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Panchala.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) Pañcāla (पञ्चाल).—An ancient village of Bhārata. (Chapter 9, Bhīṣma Parva).

2) Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल).—A sage. He worshipped God according to the doctrines laid down by Vāmadeva and by the blessing of God attained the Kramavibhāga in the Vedas. (Śloka 102, Chapter 342, Śānti Parva).

3) Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल).—An ancient country of Bhārata. Draupadī, wife of the Pāṇḍavas, was the daughter of Drupada, King of Pāñcāla. (See under Drupada).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Pañcāla (पञ्चाल).—(c) on the way from Dvārakā to Hastināpura;¹ migration of the Yadus to;² the territory divided among the five sons of Bheda.³

1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa IV. 25. 50; 27. 8; X. 71. 22.
2) Ib. X. 2. 3.
3) Vāyu-purāṇa 99. 192.

1b) A Yakṣa sent by Brahmā with the Goddess of Night to the Vindhyas to serve her as servant.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 157. 18.

1c) The 25 kings who were contemporaries of the ten Śiśunāgas.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 74. 136.

2a) Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल).—(c) a kingdom of the north.^*

* Bhāgavata-purāṇa I. 10. 34. Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 16. 46. Matsya-purāṇa 121. 50.

2b) A common name for the five sons of Bharmyāśva (Haryaśva Viṣṇu-purāṇa) and who were capable of ruling five kingdoms.^*

* Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 21. 32-33; 22. 3; Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 19. 59.

2c) Their king was Drupada;¹ enlisted by Jarāsandha against the Yadus; placed on the south by Jarāsandha in his siege of Gomanta,² svayaṃvara of Draupadī at their capital;³ Kṛṣṇa met the Pāṇḍavas in disguise at their capital;⁴ heard of Kṛṣṇa going to Mithilā and met him with presents.⁵

1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa X. 52. 11[8].
2) Ib. X. [50 (v) 2]; 52. 11[8].
3) Ib. X. 57. 10[1-2].
4) Ib. X. 58. 9. [1 and 2].
5) Ib. X. 86. 20.

Source: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and places

Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.144.2) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Pāñcāla) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

Source: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study

Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल) refers to an ancient country where dharma is practiced, according to the 10th century Saurapurāṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—It regards Madhyadeśa i.e. the tract of land between the rivers Gaṅgā and the Yamunā, as the birth place of Sadācāra. It looks upon Kurukṣetra, Matsya, Pāñcāla and Surasena as holy countries where Dharma is practiced.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstra

1) Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल) refers to a variety of prāsāda (upper storey of any building), according to the Śilparatna (32.11), the Mayamata (18.10) and the Kamikāgama (57.4). The term is used throughout vāstuśāstra literature.

2) Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल) refers to a variety of prāsāda (‘superstructure’, or, upper storey of any building), according to the Mayamata (5th-century guidebook on Dravidian architecture). It is part of the Dvitala (two-storey) group of prāsādas.

The Pāñcāla variety has the following specifications and decorative motif components:

Number of talas (levels): 2;
Shape of grīva (neck) and śikhara (head): Square;
Number of pañjaras: 4;

context information

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstra

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल) is the name of a country pertaining to the Pāñcālī (Pāñcālamadhyamā) local usage (pravṛtti) according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 14. These pravṛttis provide information regarding costumes, languages, and manners in different countries of the world. It is mentioned that this local usage (adopted by these countries) depends on the grand style (sāttvatī) and the violent style (ārabhaṭī).

The Pañcālas are usually to be represented by a dark or deep blue (śyāma) color when painting the limbs (aṅgaracanā), according to Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 23. The painting is a component of nepathya (costumes and make-up) and is to be done in accordance with the science of āhāryābhinaya (extraneous representation).

context information

Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (śāstra) of performing arts, (nāṭya, e.g., theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing dramatic plays (nataka) and poetic works (kavya).

Kavya (poetry)

Source: Shodhganga: The Kavyamimamsa of Rajasekhara

Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल) is the name a locality mentioned in Rājaśekhara’s 10th-century Kāvyamīmāṃsā.—The Pāñcāla region is located in the central India or Madhyadeśa, which is extended from the foot of Himālayas to the Jamuṇā and between Vināsana and Prayāga. This region is divided into north and south Pāñcāla with their respective capital Ahiccatra and Kampilya. These two portions of Pāñcāla are separated by the river Gaṅgā. To Rājaśekhara the Pāñcāla of Antavedi was highly civilized and their capital was at Kanauj, which comprises the whole of the northern and central India.

context information

Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.

Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)

Source: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literature

Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल) refers to one of the 130 varṇavṛttas (syllabo-quantitative verse) dealt with in the second chapter of the Vṛttamuktāvalī, ascribed to Durgādatta (19th century), author of eight Sanskrit work and patronised by Hindupati: an ancient king of the Bundela tribe (presently Bundelkhand of Uttar Pradesh). A Varṇavṛtta (eg., pāñcāla) refers to a type of classical Sanskrit metre depending on syllable count where the light-heavy patterns are fixed.

context information

Chandas (छन्दस्) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Hinduism

1) Pañcāla (पञ्चाल) is a Sanskrit word referring to the kingdom of King Drupada.

2) Pañcāla (पञ्चाल) is a Sanskrit word referring to the five sense objects.

Source: WikiPedia: Hinduism

1) Pañcāla (पञ्चाल, panchala) is an ancient region of northern India, which would encompass the modern-day states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. During the ancient times, it was home to a confederacy, the Panchalas and in c. 6th century BCE, it was considered as one of the solasa (sixteen) mahajanapadas.

2) The Panchala Kingdom extended from Himalayas in the north to river Charmanwati in the south during the period of Mahabharata. It had Kuru, Surasena and Matsya kingdoms to the west and the forest Naimisha to the east. Later, Panchala was divided into Southern Panchala (Panchala proper ruled by King Drupada, the father in law of Pandavas) and Northern Panchala (Ruled by Ashwathama, the son of Drona. Drona was Drupada's former friend who became his enemy later). The Ganges River separated the two Panchalas.

Northern Panchala: Capital: Ahichatra :- Ruins near Ramnagar Uttar pradesh
Southern Panchala: Capital: Kampilya :- Kampil, Fatehgarh, Uttar Pradesh

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names

1) Pancala, Pancalajanapada, Pancalarattha, Pancala

One of the sixteen Mahajanapadas (A.i.213; iv.252, etc.). It consisted of two divisions: Uttara Pancala and Dakkhina Pancala. The river Bhagirathi formed the boundary between the divisions. According to the Kumbhakara Jataka, the capital of Uttara Pancala was Kampillanagara, where a king named Dummukha once reigned.

J.iii.379; also Mtu.iii.26; but the Dvy. (435) calls the capital Hastinapura. According to the Mahabharata (i.138, 73-4), the capital was Ahicchatra or Chatravati, while the capital of Daksina Pancala was Kampilya.

Pancala was to the east of the Kuru country, and, in ancient times, there seems to have been a constant struggle between the Kurus and the Pancalas for the possession of Uttara Pancala. Thus, sometimes, Uttara Pancala was included in the Kuru kingdom (E.g., J.v.444; also Mahabharata i.138), but at other times it formed a part of Kampillarattha (E.g., J.iii.79; v. 21, 289) Kampilla probably being the capital of Dakkhina Pancala. So it happened that sometimes the kings of Kampillarattha had their capital in Uttara Pancala nagara, while at others the kings of Uttara Pancala nagara had their capital in Kampilla nagara. Culani Brahmadatta is described in the Maha Ummagga Jataka as king of Pancala, with his capital in Kampilla.

J.vi.329, 396, etc.; also PvA. 161; see also Uttaradhiyayana Sutra (SBE. xlv. 57 61) and the Ramayana (i.32). Similarly Sambhuta was king of Uttara Pancala (J.iv.392ff.). Sometimes the king of Pancala is merely spoken of as Pancala e.g., J.iv.430, v. 98. See also Jayaddisa.

There seems to have been a chieftain (raja) of Pancala even in the Buddhas day, for we are told (ThagA.i.331) that Visakha Pancaliputta (q.v.) was the son of the daughter of the Pancala raja. Pancala is generally identified (Law: Geog. of Early Buddhism, p. 19.) with the country to the north and west of Delhi, from the foot of the Himalaya to the river Chambal.

2) Pancala Vagga

The fifth section of the Navaka Nipata of the Anguttara Nikaya. A.iv.449 54.

3) Pancala Sutta

A discussion between Ananda and Udayi (Kaludayi) regarding a verse uttered by the devaputta Pancalacanda (See S.i.48) as to what constitutes obstacles (sambadha) in the world and what release therefrom (okasadhigama). Udayi says that the five sensuous pleasures are the sambadha, and that okasadhigama consists in the attainment of the jhanas. A.iv.449f.; AA.ii.815.

context information

Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: academia.edu: A Critical Study of the Vajraḍākamahātantrarāja (II)

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल) is substituted for Mālava in the Vajraḍākavivṛti commentary of the 9th-centruy Vajraḍākatantra. Mālava is one of the four Upapīthas (‘sacred spot’) present within the Cittacakra (‘circle of mid’) which is associated with the Ḍākinī named Khecarī (‘a woman going in the sky’).

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: HereNow4u: Lord Śrī Mahāvīra

Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल) or Pāṃcāla is the name of a district visited by Mahāvīra during his 19th Year as Kevalī.—After completing the rainy season, wandering through Sāketa, Sāvatthī, etc in Kauśala country, the Lord arrived at Pāñcāla and stayed at Sahasrāmravana of Kampilapura.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geogprahy

Source: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literature (history)

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल) (corresponding to modern Punjab) is the name of a village from which hailed Durgāsahāya (C. 1775-1850 C.E.): author of Vṛttavivecana and the son of Vilāsa and grandson of Śrīrāma Miśra. Durgāsahāya hailed from Pañcāla (presently Punjab) and belonged to the class of Sārasvata Brahmins, who were resided on the banks of river Sarasvatī. He belonged to Vatsagotra and his family name is Jaitaliya (K. V. Sarma says that this Jaitali is modern Jaitely).

Source: Ancient Buddhist Texts: Geography of Early Buddhism

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल) refers to one of the sixteen Mahājanapadas of the Majjhimadesa (Middle Country) of ancient India, as recorded in the Pāli Buddhist texts (detailing the geography of ancient India as it was known in to Early Buddhism).—Like the Kuru country, the Pañcāla country too, which, by the way, is also mentioned in the Aṅguttara Nikāya as one of the sixteen Mahājanapadas of Jambudīpa, was divided into two divisions: the northern or Uttarā Pañcāla and the southern or Dakṣiṇa Pañcāla, the Bhagirathi forming the dividing line. In the Divyāvadāna we read of two Pañcālavishayas: Uttarā Pañcāla and Dakṣiṇa Pañcāla. The Jātakas as well as the Mahābhārata also refer to these two divisions of the country.

Pañcāla was originally the country north and west of Delhi from the foot of the Himalaya to the river Chambal, but it was divided into North and South Pañcāla, separated by the Ganges. It roughly corresponds to modern Budaon, Furrukhabad and the adjoining districts of the United Provinces.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Pañcāla.—(EI 3; ASLV), an artisan; members of the artisan classes also called Pāñcāḻaṃvāru. Note: pañcāla is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

pañcāḷa (पंचाळ).—m (pāñcāla S q. v.) A common term for five castes--sōnāra, sutāra, lōhāra, kāṃsāra, pātharavaṭa. These all wear the jānavēṃ.

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pañcāḷa (पंचाळ).—a (pāñcālī A name of draupadī) Talkative and gadabout; gossiping--a female. 2 Used indefinitely as a term of abuse.

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pañcāḷa (पंचाळ).—f (pāñca & ālaya) A web consisting of five divisions for five pañcā.

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pāñcāla (पांचाल).—m S pop. pāñcāḷa m The company or association of five trades,--carpenter, weaver, barber, washerman, shoemaker: also any one of these five. Note. Of the five trades constituting the sodality termed pāñcāḷa there are differing classifications. See pañcāḷa.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

pañcāḷa (पंचाळ).—m A common term for five castes -sōnāra, sutāra, lōhāra, kāsāra, pātharavaṭa a Talkative and gadabout.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल).—Scripture; L. D. B; प्रवृत्तं च निवृत्तं च शास्त्रं पञ्चालसंज्ञितम् (pravṛttaṃ ca nivṛttaṃ ca śāstraṃ pañcālasaṃjñitam) Bhāg.4.29.13.

Derivable forms: pañcālam (पञ्चालम्).

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Pañcālā (पञ्चाला).—m. (pl.)

1) Name of a country and its people.

-laḥ A king of the Pañchālas.

Derivable forms: pañcālāḥ (पञ्चालाः).

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Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल).—a. (-lī f.) Belonging to or ruling over the Pañchālas.

-laḥ 1 The country of the Pañchālas.

2) A prince of the Pañchālas.

-lāḥ m. (pl.)

1) The people of the Pañchālas.

2) An association of five guilds (i e. of a carpenter, weaver, barber, washerman, and shoe-maker).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल).—name of a nāga king: Mahāvyutpatti 3257. Cf. Pāñcāla.

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Pañcālā (पञ्चाला).—name of a river: Mahā-Māyūrī 253.7; in list between Tāmarā and Suvāsu.

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Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल).—name of a nāga king: Mahā-Māyūrī 247.20. Cf. Pañcāla.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल).—m. (laḥ) 1. A country in the north of India. 2. It may either be applied to its people or their king. f. (-lī) 1. A chequered cloth for playing at draughts, &c. 2. A doll, a puppet. 3. A style of singing. E. paci to spread, Unadi aff. kālan; also with kan added pañcālikā.

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Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल).—mfn.

(-laḥ-lī-laṃ) Belonging to, dwelling in, ruling over, &c. the country of Panchala. m.

(-laḥ) 1. The sovereign of Panchala. plu. The people of that country. 2. The company or association of five trades, the carpenter, weaver, barber, washerman, and shoemaker. E. pañcāla the country so called, and svārthe aṇ aff. &c.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल).—m. 1. pl. The name of a people and their country, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 19. 2. A prince of the Pañcālas, Mahābhārata 12, 13262.

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Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल).—i. e. pañcāla + a, I. adj., f. li, Belonging to, referring to, ruling over, etc., the Pañcālas. Ii. m. pl. The Pañcālas. Iii. f. lī, A surname of Draupadī.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Pañcāla (पञ्चाल).—[masculine] [plural] [Name] of a warrior-tribe.

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Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल).—[feminine] ī belonging to the Pañcālas. [masculine] a prince of the [Passive], [plural] the people of the [Passive]; [feminine] ī a princess of the [Passive], [especially] Draupadī.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Pañcāla (पञ्चाल):—m. [plural] ([from] pañcan; cf. pātāla) Name of a warrior-tribe and their country in the north of India, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc. (cf. apara-, pūr. va-)

2) of a Vedic school, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya]

3) (sg.) a man belonging to the tribe of the Pañcālas, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

4) a king of the P°s [Mahābhārata] (cf. pāñc)

5) Name of Śiva, [ib.]

6) of a man brought by Viṣvak-sena to the childless Gaṇḍūṣa, [Harivaṃśa]

7) of a serpent-demon, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

8) a [particular] venomous insect, [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]

9) n. (?) Name of a metre, [Colebrooke]

10) Pāñcāla (पाञ्चाल):—mf(ī)n. relating or belonging to or ruling over the Pañcālas, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.

11) m. a prince of the P°s [ib.]

12) (with bābhravya) Name of an author, [Catalogue(s)]

13) the country of the P°s [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

14) [plural] the people of the P°s [Mahābhārata; Varāha-mihira] etc.

15) an association of 5 guilds (carpenter, weaver, barber, washerman, and shoe-maker), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

16) n. the language of the P°s [Catalogue(s)]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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