Introduction

Introduction:

Kapala means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Images (photo gallery)

(+33 more images available)

In Hinduism

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kubjikāmata-tantra

Kapāla (कपाल):—First of the nine male deities, presiding over the Dūtīcakra, according to the Kubjikāmata-tantra. They originated from Ananta (presiding deity of the Dūtīcakra), who multiplies himself nine times. These nine deities divide themself each nine times, resulting in the eighty-one Dūtīs.

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botany

Kapāla (कपाल):—One of the eighteen types of Kuṣṭha (“skin disease”), according to the Caraka-saṃhitā (cikitsāsthāna), which is an important Sanskrit work dealing with Āyurveda. This condition of the skin (kuṣṭha) is caused by the corruption of the three doṣas (tridoṣa: vāta, pitta and kapha) which in turn corrupts the skin, blood, muscle and lymph. Kapāla-kuṣṭha is exceedingly painful and difficult to cure. Kapāla is caused by a preponderance of Vāta-doṣa (‘bodily air’).

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: Wisdom Library: Śilpa-śāstra

Kapāla (कपाल, “skull”):—In Hindu iconology (śilpaśāstra), this symbol represents the mind (purified thought), or, the will to enlightenment. It is also one of the items Īśāṇa is displayed carrying, who is a Vedic deity and represents the embodiment of all learning.

Source: Wisdom Library: Śilpa-śāstra

Kāpāla (कापाल) is the Sanskrit name of a form of Bhairava. According to the Rudrayāmala, there are eight main forms of Bhairava who control the eight directions of this universe. The term is used throughout Śilpaśāstra literature.

Kāpāla has the following eight manifestations:

1. Kāpāla,
2. Śaśibhūṣaṇa,
3. Hasticarmāmbaradhara,
4. Yogīśa,
5. Brahmarākṣasa,
6. Sarvajña,
7. Sarvadeveśa,
8. Sarvabhūtahṛdisthita.

All these have a yellow color and should carry in their hands the kuṇḍa, the kheṭaka, the parigha (a kind of club) and bhiṇḍipāla.

Source: Google Books: Elements of Hindu iconography

Kapāla (कपाल) denotes the human skull. It is used by Śiva as a receptacle for food and drunk. Later on the word came to mean the cut half of an earthen pot, and then a basin or a bowl. In sculpture the kapāla occurs as a common spherical or oval bowl.

Source: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (śilpa)

Kapāla (कपाल, “skull”) refers to one of the several “attributes” (āyudha) or “accessories” of a detiy commonly seen depicted in Hindu iconography, defined according to texts dealing with śilpa (arts and crafs), known as śilpaśāstras.—The śilpa texts have classified the various accessories under the broad heading of āyudha or karuvi (implement), including even flowers, animals, and musical instruments. The other miscellaneous articles found as attributes in the hands of the deities are, for example, Kapāla.

Kapāla denotes the human skull. Śiva uses it as a receptacle for food and drink. Later on the word came to mean the cut-half of an earthen pot, and then a basin or a bowl. In sculpture the kapala occurs as a common spherical or oval bowl.

context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Red Zambala: The 10 Great Wisdom Goddesses

The Kapāla represents our Ahaṃkāra concept-of-self — the ego. It is the concept of ourselves as separate and unique individuals which is the foundation upon which the edifice of ignorance and delusion is built. It is the pivot of our assumptive personal universes.

Source: Shodhganga: Iconographical representations of Śiva (shaktism)

Kapāla (कपाल) or Kapālatantra refers to one of the thirty-three Dakṣiṇatantras, belonging to the Śāktāgama (or Śāktatantra) division of the Āgama tradition. The Śāktāgamas represent the wisdom imparted by Devī to Īśvara and convey the idea that the worship of Śakti is the means to attain liberation. According to the Pratiṣṭhālakṣaṇasamuccaya of Vairocana, the Śāktatantras are divided into to four parts, the Kapāla-tantra belonging to the Dakṣiṇa class.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

Kapāla (कपाल).—See under Brahmā, 5th Para.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Kapāla (कपाल).—One of the eleven Rudras.^*

• * Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 70.

1b) Śiva's begging bowl; shattered into 1000 pieces at Benares by Hari's grace.^*

• * Matsya-purāṇa 183. 91-100.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Hinduism

The Kapāla (कपाल, “head”) is one of the objects Kālī is displayed as holding in one of her hands. It represents our Ahaṃkāra concept-of-self (the ego).

In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Google Books: An Esoteric Exposition of the Bardo Thodol

The blood-filled skull (kapāla) represents the prāṇa of the transmuted essence of the defiled mind. It offers the amṛtā of revelatory images that overcome the illusions gained through excessive materialistic focus.

Source: Google Books: Vajrayogini

Kapāla (कपाल).—The skull bowl (kapāla) is held aloft in Vajravārāhī’s left hand, and she drinks the stream of blood that flows from it, fixing her gaze upon it as she drinks. The vajra and skull bowl are attributes adapted from the iconography of Vajravārāhī as consort to Cakrasaṃvara, but when the deities are in embrace, it is Cakrasaṃvara who drinks the blood as Vajravārāhī pours it down into her lord’s open mouth, “causing him to drink”. The skull bowl itself is formed of a severed head, part of the standard insignia of kāpālika praxis, while the blood within it is often said to be that of the four wicked māras, or of other evils; in the Abhisamayamañjarī, however, it has the taste of great bliss and great compassion.

Source: academia.edu: The Structure and Meanings of the Heruka Maṇḍala

Kapāla (कपाल) refers to a “skull bowl” and represents one of the items held in the left hand of Heruka: one of the main deities of the Herukamaṇḍala described in the 10th century Ḍākārṇava chapter 15. Heruka is positioned in the Lotus (padma) at the center; He is the origin of all heroes; He has 17 faces (with three eyes on each) and 76 arms [holding, for example, pāśa]; He is half black and half green in color; He is dancing on a flaming sun placed on Bhairava and Kālarātrī.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: The Jaina Iconography

Kapālā (कपाला) is the name of a Yoginī mentioned in various Jaina manuscripts, often being part of a list of sixty-four such deities. How the cult of the Tantrik Yoginīs originated among the vegetarian Jainas is unknown. The Yoginīs (viz., Kapālā) are known as attendants on Śiva or Pārvatī. But in the case of Jainism, we may suppose, as seen before that they are subordinates to Kṣetrapāla, the chief of the Bhairavas.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

kapāla : (m.) 1. a shell (like that of a tortoise); 2. a frying pan; pan. 3. beggar's bowl.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Kapāla, (nt.) (Sk. kapāla, see kapalla) — 1. a tortoiseor turtle-shell S. I, 7=Miln. 371; S. IV, 179; as ornament at DA. I, 89.—2. the skull, cp. kaṭāha in sīsakaṭāha. ‹-› 3. a frying pan (usually as ayo°, of iron, e.g. A. IV, 70; Nd² 304^III; VvA. 335) J. II, 352; Vv 84⁵; DhA. I, 148 (v. l. °kapalla); Bdhd 100 (in simile).—4. a begging bowl, used by certain ascetics S. IV, 190; V, 53, 301; A. I, 36; III, 225; J. I, 89; PvA. 3.—5. a potsherd J. II, 301.

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

kapaḷā (कपळा).—m A large shaving or chip or detached piece (of wood, stone, plaster &c.;)

--- OR ---

kapāla (कपाल).—n S pop. kapāḷa n The skull or cranium: also the sinciput. 2 A half of a pitcher or water-pot. 3 The forehead. 4 (Because man's fortunes are supposed to be written on his forehead.) Fate, fortune, destiny: also the writing declaring one's destinies apparent on the forehead. 5 kapāla S is further Scapula or shoulder-blade: also thighblade: also a hemisphere lying on the side (east or west) of any meridian. 6 This word is ever and anon uttered as an ejaculation importing downright denial or disallowal of some pretension or affirmation. The implication is, Such a matter is altogether out of the destiny or lot of. ka0 uṭhaṇēṃ or caḍhaṇēṃ g. of s. To get a head-ache. Ex. bhajana karitō sarvakāḷa || uṭhatēṃ ka0 āmucēṃ || ka0 kāḍhaṇēṃ To make one's fortune propitious; to strike out good luck. ka0 ṭēkaṇēṃ To rest or repose upon (figuratively); to cast one's self and hopes and wishes upon. ka0 dhuvūna pāhaṇēṃ To find out or determine the secret writing of one's destinies; to read the book of the fate of. Gen. neg. con. ka0 phuṭaṇēṃ g. of s. To have one's fortunes take an evil turn; to become unfortunate. ka0 bhara kuṅkūṃ hāta bhara bāṅgaḍayā A phrase used by a woman of her husband when she values him only on the ground of his enabling her to adorn herself with pigments and trinkets. For on her widowhood she would be deprived of this competency. ka0 cēṃ kātaḍēṃ nēṇēṃ To blast one's fortunes; to mar all one's luck: also ka0 jāṇēṃ g. of s. To lose all luck or good fortune. kapāḷācī rēgha or rēṣā ughaḍaṇēṃ or upaṭaṇēṃ g. of s. To have one's fortunes turn propitious. kapāḷālā kēsa ugavaṇēṃ Said in remarking upon some most improbable occurrence, or in disallowing some declaration about the future. (So the "Hair sprouting on the palm"--the Parthian's taunt to Crassus.) kapāḷāvara or kapāḷīṃ hāta māraṇēṃ To express astonishment, sorrow, or concern. kapāḷāśīṃ ka0 ghāsa- ṇēṃ To keep company with (as with a prosperous or lucky person, in the hope of sharing his fortunes). 2 To dangle after; to hang about; to copy with servile emulation. kapāḷāsa apakīrtti- -apayaśa-dāridrya-āpatti &c.; yēṇēṃ g. of s. To fall into dishonor, poverty, misfortune &c.; kapāḷīṃ kāṇṭī ghēūna jāṇēṃ To take one's self off; to make one's self scarce; to go away. kapāḷīṃ ḍāga lāgaṇēṃ g. of s. To be branded in the forehead; to be stigmatized. kapāḷīṃ bhadrā asaṇēṃ g. of s. To be fixed fast in poverty and wretchedness through evil stars.

--- OR ---

kāpalā (कापला).—( A) A caravan (of pilgrims, horse-dealers &c.;)

--- OR ---

kāpaḷā (कापळा).—m C (kāpaṇēṃ) Slices of the pulp of uṇḍa (fruit of Oilnut-tree).

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

kapaḷā (कपळा).—m A large shaving or chip (of wood &c.;).

--- OR ---

kapāla (कपाल) [-ḷa, -ळ].—n The skull or cranium. The foreshead. Fate. kapāḷa uṭhaṇēṃ Get a head- ache. kapāḷīṃ kāṇṭī ghēūna jāṇēṃ Take one's self off. kapāḷīṃ hāta māraṇēṃ Express aston- ishment, sorrow, or concern. kapāḷa ṭharaṇēṃ To have it in one's destiny preordain- ed. kapāḷa phuṭhaṇēṃ To become unfortunate. kapāḷamōkṣa hōṇēṃ To have one's head broken. kapāḷācēṃ kātaḍēṃ nēṇēṃ To blast one's fortunes, kapāḷāśī kapāḷa ghāsaṇēṃ To hang about.

--- OR ---

kāpalā (कापला).—m A caravan. kāpalā tarī āpalā Beat and half-kill one's own, still it is one's own (child &c.;).

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Kapala (कपल).—Ved. A half, a part.

Derivable forms: kapalam (कपलम्).

--- OR ---

Kapāla (कपाल).—[kaṃ śiro jalaṃ vā pālayati]

1) The skull, skull bone; चूडापीडकपालसंकुलगलन्मन्दाकिनीवारयः (cūḍāpīḍakapālasaṃkulagalanmandākinīvārayaḥ) Māl 1.2; रुद्रो येन कपालपाणिपुटके भिक्षाटनं कारितः (rudro yena kapālapāṇipuṭake bhikṣāṭanaṃ kāritaḥ) Bh.2.95.

2) A piece of a broken jar; potsherd; कपालेन भिक्षार्थी (kapālena bhikṣārthī) Ms.8.93.

3) A multitude, collection.

4) A beggar's bowl; Ms.6.44.

5) A cup, jar in general; पञ्चकपाल (pañcakapāla).

6) A cover or lid.

7) A treaty of peace on equal terms; H.4.17; Kām.9.2.

-lam 1 The shell of an egg.

2) The cotyla of the leg of a man, any flat bone.

3) A kind of Leprosy.

-lī A beggar's bowl [cf. L. caput; Gr. Kephale].

Derivable forms: kapālaḥ (कपालः), kapālam (कपालम्).

--- OR ---

Kāpāla (कापाल).—a. [kapāla-aṇ-ṭhak-vā]

1) Relating to skulls; कङ्कालं मुसलं घोरं कापालमथ किङ्किणीम् (kaṅkālaṃ musalaṃ ghoraṃ kāpālamatha kiṅkiṇīm) Rām.1.27.12.

2) like a beggar; of a beggar कापाली नृप पापिष्ठां वृत्ति- मासाद्य जीवितः (kāpālī nṛpa pāpiṣṭhāṃ vṛtti- māsādya jīvitaḥ) Mb.12.8.7.

-laḥ, -likaḥ A follower of a certain Śaiva sect (the left-hand order) characterized by carrying skulls of men in the form of garlands and eating and drinking from them; भस्मा- स्थिशकलकीर्णा कापालमिव व्रतं धत्ते (bhasmā- sthiśakalakīrṇā kāpālamiva vrataṃ dhatte) Pt.1.212.

-lam A kind of leprosy.

-lī 1 A wreath of skulls; कापालीमुद्वहन्ती स्रजमिव धवलां कौमुदीम् (kāpālīmudvahantī srajamiva dhavalāṃ kaumudīm) Mu.3.2.

2) A clever woman.

3) The Embelia Ribes (Mar. vāvaḍiṃga).

See also (synonyms): kāpālika.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kapāla (कपाल).—mn.

(-laḥ-laṃ) 1. The skull, the cranium. 2. Either half of a water jar. 3. Any flat bone. 4. A beggar’s bowl. 5. Multitude assemblage, collection. 6. A species of leprosy. 7. A treaty of peace on equal terms. E. kapi to tremble, and kālan Unadi affix; or ka the head, and pāla what cherishes or protects.

--- OR ---

Kāpāla (कापाल).—mfn.

(-laḥ-lī-laṃ) Cranial, relating to the skull. m.

(-laḥ) A kind of cucumber, (Cucumis utilatissimus.) n.

(-laṃ) A sort of leprosy. E. kapāla, and aṇ aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kapāla (कपाल).— (probably for *karpāla; cf. karpara), I. m., f. lī, An earthen water-pot, especially of the religious mendicants, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 6, 44; [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 3, 24; of beggars in general, [Daśakumāracarita] in Chr. 194, 1. Ii. m. and n. 1. Either half of a water-jar, Bhāṣāp. 10. 2. The skull, Mahābhārata 14, 273. Iii. m. 1. A potsherd. 2. Either half of an egg, [Kathāsaritsāgara, (ed. Brockhaus.)] 2, 15. 3. The glene, [Suśruta] 1, 265, 8. 4. A kind of leprosy, [Suśruta] 1, 268, 1.

--- OR ---

Kāpāla (कापाल).—i. e. kapāla + a, adj. Made of skulls, [Rāmāyaṇa] 1, 56, 12.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kapala (कपल).—[neuter] a half, a [particle]

--- OR ---

Kapāla (कपाल).—[neuter] cup, jar, cover or lid, shell, potsherd, skull, the cotyla.

--- OR ---

Kāpāla (कापाल).—[feminine] ī pertaining to or made of skulls. [masculine] [plural] the followers of a cert. Śivaitic sect (cf. kāpālin).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Kapala (कपल):—n. a half, part, [Śāṅkhāyana-śrauta-sūtra] and, [Brāhmaṇa]

2) Kapāla (कपाल):—mn. (√kamp, [Uṇādi-sūtra i, 117]), a cup, jar, dish (used especially for the Puroḍāśa offering), [Taittirīya-saṃhitā; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Suśruta] etc. (cf. trikapāla, pañca-kapāla, etc.)

3) the alms-bowl of a beggar, [Manu-smṛti vi, 44; viii, 93; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.

4) a fragment of brick (on which the oblation is placed), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa vi, xii; Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Suśruta] etc.

5) a cover, lid, [Āśvalāyana-gṛhya-sūtra iv, 5, 8; Bhāṣāpariccheda] etc.

6) the skull, cranium, skull-bone, [Atharva-veda ix, 8, 22; x, 2, 8; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa i; Yājñavalkya] etc.

7) the shell of an egg, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa vi, 1, 3; Kathāsaritsāgara] etc.

8) the shell of a tortoise, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa vii, 5, 1, 2]

9) the cotyla of the leg of an animal, any flat bone, [Aitareya-brāhmaṇa; Suśruta]

10) a kind of leprosy, [Suśruta i, 268, 1; 13]

11) multitude, assemblage, collection, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

12) m. a treaty of peace on equal terms, [Kāmandakīya-nītisāra ix, 2] (cf. kapāla-saṃdhi below)

13) Name of an intermediate caste

14) Name of several men

15) m. [plural] Name of a school

16) n. Name of a Tantra

17) [Greek], κωπή ‘handle’; [Latin] capere; [Hibernian or Irish] gabhaim; [Gothic] hafyan; [Anglo-Saxon] haban, haefene, hafoc; [English] haven, hawk; cf. [Greek] κεφαλή [Latin] caput; [Gothic] haubith; [Anglo-Saxon] heafud.

18) Kāpāla (कापाल):—mf(ī)n. ([from] kapāla), relating to the skull or cranium, [Rāmāyaṇa i, 29, 13; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] (= [Pañcatantra])

19) made of skulls, [Prasannarāghava lxxviii, 15]

20) m. a follower of a particular Śaiva sect of ascetics (See kāpālika)

21) the plant Cucumis utilissimus, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

22) m. [plural] the school of Kapālin

23) n. a kind of leprosy, [Caraka vi, 7.]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Starts with (+43): Kapala-sandhi, Kapalabhata, Kapalabhati, Kapalabhrit, Kapalaca Daga, Kapalaca-daga, Kapalacuda, Kapaladhrik, Kapaladukhi, Kapalagama, Kapalahasta, Kapalahattha, Kapalaka, Kapalakanda, Kapalakaranta, Kapalakashti, Kapalakathi, Kapalaketu, Kapalakhadgin, Kapalakhanda.

Ends with (+47): Agnishomiyaikadashakapala, Andakapala, Ankapala, Armakapala, Ashtadikapala, Ashtakapala, Ashtalokapala, Ayakapala, Bhesajjakapala, Bhogikapala, Bhumikapala, Brahmandakapala, Buddhakapala, Caturdashalokapala, Caturlokapala, Chaturdashalokapala, Chaturlokapala, Dashalokapala, Devalokapala, Dhanutkapala.

Full-text (+212): Kapalika, Ashtakapala, Kapalasamdhi, Kapalabhrit, Kapalashiras, Pancakapala, Dvadashakapala, Kapalanalika, Kapalamalin, Ekadashakapala, Kapali, Pitharakakapala, Kapalin, Navakapala, Ekakapala, Ashtakapalam, Kapola, Kapalikatva, Kaphala, Kapalahasta.

Relevant text

Search found 45 books and stories containing Kapala, Kapāla, Kāpāla, Kapaḷā, Kapalā, Kāpalā, Kāpaḷā, Kapālā; (plurals include: Kapalas, Kapālas, Kāpālas, Kapaḷās, Kapalās, Kāpalās, Kāpaḷās, Kapālās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Brahma Sutras (Nimbarka commentary) (by Roma Bose)

Brahma-Sūtra 2.2.37 < [Adhikaraṇa 7 - Sūtras 37-41]

show preview

Apastamba-yajna-paribhasa-sutras (by Hermann Oldenberg)

Sūtras 101-125

Sūtras 51-75

Sūtras 76-100

+ 2 more chapters / show preview

Settlement in Early Historic Ganga Plain (by Chirantani Das)

Part 2 - Vārāṇasī-Sārnāth relation < [Chapter VII - Sārnāth: The Satellite Religious Centre]

Part 16 - Vārāṇasī from proto historic to historic context < [Chapter VI - Vārāṇasī: Emergence of the Urban Centre and Seat of Administration]

Part 1 - Cultural back ground of Vārāṇasī as an emerging nodal centre < [Chapter V - Rise of Vārāṇasī as a Nodal Centre]

show preview

The Brahmanda Purana (by G.V. Tagare)

Chapter 9 - The progeny of Rudra: birth of Bhṛgu and others < [Section 2 - Anuṣaṅga-pāda]

Chapter 13 - The Real Nature of Kāla (time) < [Section 2 - Anuṣaṅga-pāda]

Chapter 22 - Description of the divine luminaries (jyotis / jyotiṣa) < [Section 2 - Anuṣaṅga-pāda]

+ 3 more chapters / show preview

The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)

Chapter 26 - The Glory of Mandākinī-Kṣetra < [Section 1 - Avantīkṣetra-māhātmya]

Chapter 9 - The Greatness of Mahiṣakuṇḍa and Rudrasaras < [Section 1 - Avantīkṣetra-māhātmya]

Chapter 6 - Getting Rid of the Skull < [Section 1 - Avantīkṣetra-māhātmya]

+ 10 more chapters / show preview

Satapatha Brahmana (by Julius Eggeling)

Introduction to volume 2 (kāṇḍa 3-4) < [Introductions]

Kāṇḍa XIV, adhyāya 2, brāhmaṇa 1 < [Fourteenth Kāṇḍa]

Kāṇḍa I, adhyāya 2, brāhmaṇa 1 < [First Kāṇḍa]

+ 11 more chapters / show preview

 

Click here for all 45 books