In a N x N grid composed of 1 x 1 squares, each 1 x 1 square consists of a /, \, or blank space.  These characters divide the square into contiguous regions.

(Note that backslash characters are escaped, so a \ is represented as "\\".)

Return the number of regions.

Example 1:

Input: [
  " /",
  "/ "
]
Output: 2
Explanation: The 2x2 grid is as follows:

Example 2:

Input: [
  " /",
  "  "
]
Output: 1
Explanation: The 2x2 grid is as follows:

Example 3:

Input: [
  "\\/",
  "/\\"
]
Output: 4
Explanation: (Recall that because \ characters are escaped, "\\/" refers to \/, and "/\\" refers to /\.)
The 2x2 grid is as follows:

Example 4:

Input: [
  "/\\",
  "\\/"
]
Output: 5
Explanation: (Recall that because \ characters are escaped, "/\\" refers to /\, and "\\/" refers to \/.)
The 2x2 grid is as follows:

Example 5:

Input: [
  "//",
  "/ "
]
Output: 3
Explanation: The 2x2 grid is as follows:

Note:

1. 1 <= grid.length == grid[0].length <= 30
2. grid[i][j] is either '/', '\', or ' '.

这道题说是有个 NxN 个小方块，每个小方块里可能是斜杠，反斜杠，或者是空格。然后问这些斜杠能将整个区域划分成多少个小区域。这的确是一道很有意思的题目，虽然只是 Medium 的难度，但是博主拿到题目的时候是懵逼的，这尼玛怎么做？无奈只好去论坛上看大神们的解法，结果发现大神们果然牛b，巧妙的将这道题转化为了岛屿个数问题 Number of Islands，具体的做法将每个小区间化为九个小格子，这样斜杠或者反斜杠就是对角线或者逆对角线了，是不是有点图像像素化的感觉，就是当你把某个图片尽可能的放大后，到最后你看到也就是一个个不同颜色的小格子组成了这幅图片。这样只要把斜杠的位置都标记为1，而空白的位置都标记为0，这样只要找出分隔开的0的群组的个数就可以了，就是岛屿个数的问题啦。使用一个 DFS 来遍历即可，这个并不难，这道题难就难在需要想出来这种像素化得转化，确实需要灵光一现啊，参见代码如下：

class Solution {
public:
    int regionsBySlashes(vector<string>& grid) {
        int n = grid.size(), res = 0;
        vector<vector<int>> nums(3 * n, vector<int>(3 * n));
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (grid[i][j] == '/') {
                    nums[i * 3][j * 3 + 2] = 1;
                    nums[i * 3 + 1][j * 3 + 1] = 1;
                    nums[i * 3 + 2][j * 3] = 1;
                } else if (grid[i][j] == '\\') {
                    nums[i * 3][j * 3] = 1;
                    nums[i * 3 + 1][j * 3 + 1] = 1;
                    nums[i * 3 + 2][j * 3 + 2] = 1;
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < nums.size(); ++j) {
                if (nums[i][j] == 0) {
                    helper(nums, i, j);
                    ++res;
                }
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
    void helper(vector<vector<int>>& nums, int i, int j) {
        if (i >= 0 && j >= 0 && i < nums.size() && j < nums.size() && nums[i][j] == 0) {
            nums[i][j] = 1;
            helper(nums, i - 1, j);
            helper(nums, i, j + 1);
            helper(nums, i + 1, j);
            helper(nums, i, j - 1);
        }
    }
};

类似题目：

Number of Islands

Github 同步地址:

#959

参考资料：

https://leetcode.com/problems/regions-cut-by-slashes/

https://leetcode.com/problems/regions-cut-by-slashes/discuss/205674/C%2B%2B-with-picture-DFS-on-upscaled-grid

https://leetcode.com/problems/regions-cut-by-slashes/discuss/205680/JavaC%2B%2BPython-Split-4-parts-and-Union-Find

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