The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20210728044747/https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/object.c
Skip to content

/ ruby

Permalink
master
Switch branches/tags

ruby/object.c

Go to file
 
 
Cannot retrieve contributors at this time
4965 lines (4522 sloc) 139 KB
Raw Blame
/**********************************************************************
object.c -
$Author$
created at: Thu Jul 15 12:01:24 JST 1993
Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
Copyright (C) 2000 Network Applied Communication Laboratory, Inc.
Copyright (C) 2000 Information-technology Promotion Agency, Japan
**********************************************************************/
#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "constant.h"
#include "id.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "internal/array.h"
#include "internal/class.h"
#include "internal/error.h"
#include "internal/eval.h"
#include "internal/inits.h"
#include "internal/numeric.h"
#include "internal/object.h"
#include "internal/struct.h"
#include "internal/string.h"
#include "internal/symbol.h"
#include "internal/variable.h"
#include "probes.h"
#include "ruby/encoding.h"
#include "ruby/st.h"
#include "ruby/util.h"
#include "ruby/assert.h"
#include "builtin.h"
/*!
* \defgroup object Core objects and their operations
* \{
*/
VALUE rb_cBasicObject; /*!< BasicObject class */
VALUE rb_mKernel; /*!< Kernel module */
VALUE rb_cObject; /*!< Object class */
VALUE rb_cModule; /*!< Module class */
VALUE rb_cClass; /*!< Class class */
VALUE rb_cNilClass; /*!< NilClass class */
VALUE rb_cTrueClass; /*!< TrueClass class */
VALUE rb_cFalseClass; /*!< FalseClass class */
static VALUE rb_cNilClass_to_s;
static VALUE rb_cTrueClass_to_s;
static VALUE rb_cFalseClass_to_s;
/*! \cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
#define id_eq idEq
#define id_eql idEqlP
#define id_match idEqTilde
#define id_inspect idInspect
#define id_init_copy idInitialize_copy
#define id_init_clone idInitialize_clone
#define id_init_dup idInitialize_dup
#define id_const_missing idConst_missing
#define id_to_f idTo_f
#define CLASS_OR_MODULE_P(obj) \
(!SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj) && \
(BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == T_CLASS || BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == T_MODULE))
/*! \endcond */
/*!
* Make the object invisible from Ruby code.
*
* It is useful to let Ruby's GC manage your internal data structure --
* The object keeps being managed by GC, but \c ObjectSpace.each_object
* never yields the object.
*
* Note that the object also lose a way to call a method on it.
*
* \param[in] obj a Ruby object
* \sa rb_obj_reveal
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_hide(VALUE obj)
{
if (!SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(obj);
}
return obj;
}
/*!
* Make a hidden object visible again.
*
* It is the caller's responsibility to pass the right \a klass
* which \a obj originally used to belong to.
*
* \sa rb_obj_hide
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_reveal(VALUE obj, VALUE klass)
{
if (!SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
RBASIC_SET_CLASS(obj, klass);
}
return obj;
}
/*!
* Fills common (\c RBasic) fields in \a obj.
*
* \note Prefer rb_newobj_of() to this function.
* \param[in,out] obj a Ruby object to be set up.
* \param[in] klass \c obj will belong to this class.
* \param[in] type one of \c ruby_value_type
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_setup(VALUE obj, VALUE klass, VALUE type)
{
RBASIC(obj)->flags = type;
RBASIC_SET_CLASS(obj, klass);
return obj;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj === other -> true or false
*
* Case Equality -- For class Object, effectively the same as calling
* <code>#==</code>, but typically overridden by descendants to provide
* meaningful semantics in +case+ statements.
*/
#define case_equal rb_equal
/* The default implementation of #=== is
* to call #== with the rb_equal() optimization. */
/*!
* This function is an optimized version of calling #==.
* It checks equality between two objects by first doing a fast
* identity check using using C's == (same as BasicObject#equal?).
* If that check fails, it calls #== dynamically.
* This optimization actually affects semantics,
* because when #== returns false for the same object obj,
* rb_equal(obj, obj) would still return true.
* This happens for Float::NAN, where Float::NAN == Float::NAN
* is false, but rb_equal(Float::NAN, Float::NAN) is true.
*/
VALUE
rb_equal(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
{
VALUE result;
if (obj1 == obj2) return Qtrue;
result = rb_equal_opt(obj1, obj2);
if (result == Qundef) {
result = rb_funcall(obj1, id_eq, 1, obj2);
}
if (RTEST(result)) return Qtrue;
return Qfalse;
}
/**
* Determines if \a obj1 and \a obj2 are equal in terms of
* \c Object#eql?.
*
* \note It actually calls \c #eql? when necessary.
* So you cannot implement \c #eql? with this function.
* \retval non-zero if they are eql?
* \retval zero if they are not eql?.
*/
int
rb_eql(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
{
VALUE result;
if (obj1 == obj2) return Qtrue;
result = rb_eql_opt(obj1, obj2);
if (result == Qundef) {
result = rb_funcall(obj1, id_eql, 1, obj2);
}
if (RTEST(result)) return Qtrue;
return Qfalse;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj == other -> true or false
* obj.equal?(other) -> true or false
* obj.eql?(other) -> true or false
*
* Equality --- At the Object level, #== returns <code>true</code>
* only if +obj+ and +other+ are the same object. Typically, this
* method is overridden in descendant classes to provide
* class-specific meaning.
*
* Unlike #==, the #equal? method should never be overridden by
* subclasses as it is used to determine object identity (that is,
* <code>a.equal?(b)</code> if and only if <code>a</code> is the same
* object as <code>b</code>):
*
* obj = "a"
* other = obj.dup
*
* obj == other #=> true
* obj.equal? other #=> false
* obj.equal? obj #=> true
*
* The #eql? method returns <code>true</code> if +obj+ and +other+
* refer to the same hash key. This is used by Hash to test members
* for equality. For any pair of objects where #eql? returns +true+,
* the #hash value of both objects must be equal. So any subclass
* that overrides #eql? should also override #hash appropriately.
*
* For objects of class Object, #eql? is synonymous
* with #==. Subclasses normally continue this tradition by aliasing
* #eql? to their overridden #== method, but there are exceptions.
* Numeric types, for example, perform type conversion across #==,
* but not across #eql?, so:
*
* 1 == 1.0 #=> true
* 1.eql? 1.0 #=> false
*--
* \private
*++
*/
MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
rb_obj_equal(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
{
if (obj1 == obj2) return Qtrue;
return Qfalse;
}
VALUE rb_obj_hash(VALUE obj);
/**
* call-seq:
* !obj -> true or false
*
* Boolean negate.
*--
* \private
*++
*/
MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
rb_obj_not(VALUE obj)
{
return RTEST(obj) ? Qfalse : Qtrue;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj != other -> true or false
*
* Returns true if two objects are not-equal, otherwise false.
*--
* \private
*++
*/
MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
rb_obj_not_equal(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
{
VALUE result = rb_funcall(obj1, id_eq, 1, obj2);
return RTEST(result) ? Qfalse : Qtrue;
}
/*!
* Looks up the nearest ancestor of \a cl, skipping singleton classes or
* module inclusions.
* It returns the \a cl itself if it is neither a singleton class or a module.
*
* \param[in] cl a Class object.
* \return the ancestor class found, or Qfalse if nothing found.
*/
VALUE
rb_class_real(VALUE cl)
{
while (cl &&
((RBASIC(cl)->flags & FL_SINGLETON) || BUILTIN_TYPE(cl) == T_ICLASS)) {
cl = RCLASS_SUPER(cl);
}
return cl;
}
VALUE
rb_obj_class(VALUE obj)
{
return rb_class_real(CLASS_OF(obj));
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.singleton_class -> class
*
* Returns the singleton class of <i>obj</i>. This method creates
* a new singleton class if <i>obj</i> does not have one.
*
* If <i>obj</i> is <code>nil</code>, <code>true</code>, or
* <code>false</code>, it returns NilClass, TrueClass, or FalseClass,
* respectively.
* If <i>obj</i> is an Integer, a Float or a Symbol, it raises a TypeError.
*
* Object.new.singleton_class #=> #<Class:#<Object:0xb7ce1e24>>
* String.singleton_class #=> #<Class:String>
* nil.singleton_class #=> NilClass
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_singleton_class(VALUE obj)
{
return rb_singleton_class(obj);
}
/*! \private */
MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED void
rb_obj_copy_ivar(VALUE dest, VALUE obj)
{
VALUE *dst_buf = 0;
VALUE *src_buf = 0;
uint32_t len = ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX;
if (RBASIC(obj)->flags & ROBJECT_EMBED) {
src_buf = ROBJECT(obj)->as.ary;
// embedded -> embedded
if (RBASIC(dest)->flags & ROBJECT_EMBED) {
dst_buf = ROBJECT(dest)->as.ary;
}
// embedded -> extended
else {
dst_buf = ROBJECT(dest)->as.heap.ivptr;
}
}
// extended -> extended
else {
uint32_t src_len = ROBJECT(obj)->as.heap.numiv;
uint32_t dst_len = ROBJECT(dest)->as.heap.numiv;
len = src_len < dst_len ? src_len : dst_len;
dst_buf = ROBJECT(dest)->as.heap.ivptr;
src_buf = ROBJECT(obj)->as.heap.ivptr;
}
MEMCPY(dst_buf, src_buf, VALUE, len);
}
static void
init_copy(VALUE dest, VALUE obj)
{
if (OBJ_FROZEN(dest)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "[bug] frozen object (%s) allocated", rb_obj_classname(dest));
}
RBASIC(dest)->flags &= ~(T_MASK|FL_EXIVAR);
RBASIC(dest)->flags |= RBASIC(obj)->flags & (T_MASK|FL_EXIVAR);
rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute(dest, obj);
rb_copy_generic_ivar(dest, obj);
rb_gc_copy_finalizer(dest, obj);
if (RB_TYPE_P(obj, T_OBJECT)) {
rb_obj_copy_ivar(dest, obj);
}
}
static VALUE immutable_obj_clone(VALUE obj, VALUE kwfreeze);
static VALUE mutable_obj_clone(VALUE obj, VALUE kwfreeze);
PUREFUNC(static inline int special_object_p(VALUE obj)); /*!< \private */
static inline int
special_object_p(VALUE obj)
{
if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) return TRUE;
switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
case T_BIGNUM:
case T_FLOAT:
case T_SYMBOL:
case T_RATIONAL:
case T_COMPLEX:
/* not a comprehensive list */
return TRUE;
default:
return FALSE;
}
}
static VALUE
obj_freeze_opt(VALUE freeze)
{
switch (freeze) {
case Qfalse:
case Qtrue:
case Qnil:
break;
default:
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unexpected value for freeze: %"PRIsVALUE, rb_obj_class(freeze));
}
return freeze;
}
static VALUE
rb_obj_clone2(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE obj, VALUE freeze)
{
VALUE kwfreeze = obj_freeze_opt(freeze);
if (!special_object_p(obj))
return mutable_obj_clone(obj, kwfreeze);
return immutable_obj_clone(obj, kwfreeze);
}
/*! \private */
VALUE
rb_immutable_obj_clone(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
{
VALUE kwfreeze = rb_get_freeze_opt(argc, argv);
return immutable_obj_clone(obj, kwfreeze);
}
VALUE
rb_get_freeze_opt(int argc, VALUE *argv)
{
static ID keyword_ids[1];
VALUE opt;
VALUE kwfreeze = Qnil;
if (!keyword_ids[0]) {
CONST_ID(keyword_ids[0], "freeze");
}
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "0:", &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) {
rb_get_kwargs(opt, keyword_ids, 0, 1, &kwfreeze);
if (kwfreeze != Qundef)
kwfreeze = obj_freeze_opt(kwfreeze);
}
return kwfreeze;
}
static VALUE
immutable_obj_clone(VALUE obj, VALUE kwfreeze)
{
if (kwfreeze == Qfalse)
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "can't unfreeze %"PRIsVALUE,
rb_obj_class(obj));
return obj;
}
static VALUE
mutable_obj_clone(VALUE obj, VALUE kwfreeze)
{
VALUE clone, singleton;
VALUE argv[2];
clone = rb_obj_alloc(rb_obj_class(obj));
singleton = rb_singleton_class_clone_and_attach(obj, clone);
RBASIC_SET_CLASS(clone, singleton);
if (FL_TEST(singleton, FL_SINGLETON)) {
rb_singleton_class_attached(singleton, clone);
}
init_copy(clone, obj);
switch (kwfreeze) {
case Qnil:
rb_funcall(clone, id_init_clone, 1, obj);
RBASIC(clone)->flags |= RBASIC(obj)->flags & FL_FREEZE;
break;
case Qtrue:
{
static VALUE freeze_true_hash;
if (!freeze_true_hash) {
freeze_true_hash = rb_hash_new();
rb_gc_register_mark_object(freeze_true_hash);
rb_hash_aset(freeze_true_hash, ID2SYM(idFreeze), Qtrue);
rb_obj_freeze(freeze_true_hash);
}
argv[0] = obj;
argv[1] = freeze_true_hash;
rb_funcallv_kw(clone, id_init_clone, 2, argv, RB_PASS_KEYWORDS);
RBASIC(clone)->flags |= FL_FREEZE;
break;
}
case Qfalse:
{
static VALUE freeze_false_hash;
if (!freeze_false_hash) {
freeze_false_hash = rb_hash_new();
rb_gc_register_mark_object(freeze_false_hash);
rb_hash_aset(freeze_false_hash, ID2SYM(idFreeze), Qfalse);
rb_obj_freeze(freeze_false_hash);
}
argv[0] = obj;
argv[1] = freeze_false_hash;
rb_funcallv_kw(clone, id_init_clone, 2, argv, RB_PASS_KEYWORDS);
break;
}
default:
rb_bug("invalid kwfreeze passed to mutable_obj_clone");
}
return clone;
}
/**
* :nodoc
*--
* Almost same as \c Object#clone
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_clone(VALUE obj)
{
if (special_object_p(obj)) return obj;
return mutable_obj_clone(obj, Qnil);
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.dup -> an_object
*
* Produces a shallow copy of <i>obj</i>---the instance variables of
* <i>obj</i> are copied, but not the objects they reference.
*
* This method may have class-specific behavior. If so, that
* behavior will be documented under the #+initialize_copy+ method of
* the class.
*
* === on dup vs clone
*
* In general, #clone and #dup may have different semantics in
* descendant classes. While #clone is used to duplicate an object,
* including its internal state, #dup typically uses the class of the
* descendant object to create the new instance.
*
* When using #dup, any modules that the object has been extended with will not
* be copied.
*
* class Klass
* attr_accessor :str
* end
*
* module Foo
* def foo; 'foo'; end
* end
*
* s1 = Klass.new #=> #<Klass:0x401b3a38>
* s1.extend(Foo) #=> #<Klass:0x401b3a38>
* s1.foo #=> "foo"
*
* s2 = s1.clone #=> #<Klass:0x401be280>
* s2.foo #=> "foo"
*
* s3 = s1.dup #=> #<Klass:0x401c1084>
* s3.foo #=> NoMethodError: undefined method `foo' for #<Klass:0x401c1084>
*--
* Equivalent to \c Object\#dup in Ruby
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_dup(VALUE obj)
{
VALUE dup;
if (special_object_p(obj)) {
return obj;
}
dup = rb_obj_alloc(rb_obj_class(obj));
init_copy(dup, obj);
rb_funcall(dup, id_init_dup, 1, obj);
return dup;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.itself -> obj
*
* Returns the receiver.
*
* string = "my string"
* string.itself.object_id == string.object_id #=> true
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_itself(VALUE obj)
{
return obj;
}
VALUE
rb_obj_size(VALUE self, VALUE args, VALUE obj)
{
return LONG2FIX(1);
}
static VALUE
block_given_p(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
{
return rb_block_given_p() ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
/**
* :nodoc:
*--
* Default implementation of \c #initialize_copy
* \param[in,out] obj the receiver being initialized
* \param[in] orig the object to be copied from.
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_init_copy(VALUE obj, VALUE orig)
{
if (obj == orig) return obj;
rb_check_frozen(obj);
if (TYPE(obj) != TYPE(orig) || rb_obj_class(obj) != rb_obj_class(orig)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "initialize_copy should take same class object");
}
return obj;
}
/*!
* :nodoc:
*--
* Default implementation of \c #initialize_dup
*
* \param[in,out] obj the receiver being initialized
* \param[in] orig the object to be dup from.
*++
**/
VALUE
rb_obj_init_dup_clone(VALUE obj, VALUE orig)
{
rb_funcall(obj, id_init_copy, 1, orig);
return obj;
}
/*!
* :nodoc:
*--
* Default implementation of \c #initialize_clone
*
* \param[in] The number of arguments
* \param[in] The array of arguments
* \param[in] obj the receiver being initialized
*++
**/
static VALUE
rb_obj_init_clone(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
{
VALUE orig, opts;
if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1:", &orig, &opts) < argc) {
/* Ignore a freeze keyword */
rb_get_freeze_opt(1, &opts);
}
rb_funcall(obj, id_init_copy, 1, orig);
return obj;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.to_s -> string
*
* Returns a string representing <i>obj</i>. The default #to_s prints
* the object's class and an encoding of the object id. As a special
* case, the top-level object that is the initial execution context
* of Ruby programs returns ``main''.
*
*--
* Default implementation of \c #to_s.
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_any_to_s(VALUE obj)
{
VALUE str;
VALUE cname = rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(obj));
str = rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE":%p>", cname, (void*)obj);
return str;
}
/*!
* Convenient wrapper of \c Object#inspect.
* Returns a human-readable string representation of \a obj,
* similarly to \c Object#inspect.
*
* Unlike Ruby-level \c #inspect, it escapes characters to keep the
* result compatible to the default internal or external encoding.
* If the default internal or external encoding is ASCII compatible,
* the encoding of the inspected result must be compatible with it.
* If the default internal or external encoding is ASCII incompatible,
* the result must be ASCII only.
*/
VALUE
rb_inspect(VALUE obj)
{
VALUE str = rb_obj_as_string(rb_funcallv(obj, id_inspect, 0, 0));
rb_encoding *enc = rb_default_internal_encoding();
if (enc == NULL) enc = rb_default_external_encoding();
if (!rb_enc_asciicompat(enc)) {
if (!rb_enc_str_asciionly_p(str))
return rb_str_escape(str);
return str;
}
if (rb_enc_get(str) != enc && !rb_enc_str_asciionly_p(str))
return rb_str_escape(str);
return str;
}
static int
inspect_i(st_data_t k, st_data_t v, st_data_t a)
{
ID id = (ID)k;
VALUE value = (VALUE)v;
VALUE str = (VALUE)a;
/* need not to show internal data */
if (CLASS_OF(value) == 0) return ST_CONTINUE;
if (!rb_is_instance_id(id)) return ST_CONTINUE;
if (RSTRING_PTR(str)[0] == '-') { /* first element */
RSTRING_PTR(str)[0] = '#';
rb_str_cat2(str, " ");
}
else {
rb_str_cat2(str, ", ");
}
rb_str_catf(str, "%"PRIsVALUE"=%+"PRIsVALUE,
rb_id2str(id), value);
return ST_CONTINUE;
}
static VALUE
inspect_obj(VALUE obj, VALUE str, int recur)
{
if (recur) {
rb_str_cat2(str, " ...");
}
else {
rb_ivar_foreach(obj, inspect_i, str);
}
rb_str_cat2(str, ">");
RSTRING_PTR(str)[0] = '#';
return str;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.inspect -> string
*
* Returns a string containing a human-readable representation of <i>obj</i>.
* The default #inspect shows the object's class name, an encoding of
* its memory address, and a list of the instance variables and their
* values (by calling #inspect on each of them). User defined classes
* should override this method to provide a better representation of
* <i>obj</i>. When overriding this method, it should return a string
* whose encoding is compatible with the default external encoding.
*
* [ 1, 2, 3..4, 'five' ].inspect #=> "[1, 2, 3..4, \"five\"]"
* Time.new.inspect #=> "2008-03-08 19:43:39 +0900"
*
* class Foo
* end
* Foo.new.inspect #=> "#<Foo:0x0300c868>"
*
* class Bar
* def initialize
* @bar = 1
* end
* end
* Bar.new.inspect #=> "#<Bar:0x0300c868 @bar=1>"
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_inspect(VALUE obj)
{
if (rb_ivar_count(obj) > 0) {
VALUE str;
VALUE c = rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(obj));
str = rb_sprintf("-<%"PRIsVALUE":%p", c, (void*)obj);
return rb_exec_recursive(inspect_obj, obj, str);
}
else {
return rb_any_to_s(obj);
}
}
static VALUE
class_or_module_required(VALUE c)
{
switch (OBJ_BUILTIN_TYPE(c)) {
case T_MODULE:
case T_CLASS:
case T_ICLASS:
break;
default:
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "class or module required");
}
return c;
}
static VALUE class_search_ancestor(VALUE cl, VALUE c);
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.instance_of?(class) -> true or false
*
* Returns <code>true</code> if <i>obj</i> is an instance of the given
* class. See also Object#kind_of?.
*
* class A; end
* class B < A; end
* class C < B; end
*
* b = B.new
* b.instance_of? A #=> false
* b.instance_of? B #=> true
* b.instance_of? C #=> false
*--
* Determines if \a obj is an instance of \a c.
*
* Equivalent to \c Object\#is_instance_of in Ruby.
* \param[in] obj the object to be determined.
* \param[in] c a Class object
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_is_instance_of(VALUE obj, VALUE c)
{
c = class_or_module_required(c);
if (rb_obj_class(obj) == c) return Qtrue;
return Qfalse;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.is_a?(class) -> true or false
* obj.kind_of?(class) -> true or false
*
* Returns <code>true</code> if <i>class</i> is the class of
* <i>obj</i>, or if <i>class</i> is one of the superclasses of
* <i>obj</i> or modules included in <i>obj</i>.
*
* module M; end
* class A
* include M
* end
* class B < A; end
* class C < B; end
*
* b = B.new
* b.is_a? A #=> true
* b.is_a? B #=> true
* b.is_a? C #=> false
* b.is_a? M #=> true
*
* b.kind_of? A #=> true
* b.kind_of? B #=> true
* b.kind_of? C #=> false
* b.kind_of? M #=> true
*--
* Determines if \a obj is a kind of \a c.
*
* Equivalent to \c Object\#kind_of? in Ruby.
* \param[in] obj the object to be determined
* \param[in] c a Module object.
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_is_kind_of(VALUE obj, VALUE c)
{
VALUE cl = CLASS_OF(obj);
c = class_or_module_required(c);
return class_search_ancestor(cl, RCLASS_ORIGIN(c)) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
static VALUE
class_search_ancestor(VALUE cl, VALUE c)
{
while (cl) {
if (cl == c || RCLASS_M_TBL(cl) == RCLASS_M_TBL(c))
return cl;
cl = RCLASS_SUPER(cl);
}
return 0;
}
/*! \private */
VALUE
rb_class_search_ancestor(VALUE cl, VALUE c)
{
cl = class_or_module_required(cl);
c = class_or_module_required(c);
return class_search_ancestor(cl, RCLASS_ORIGIN(c));
}
/*
* Document-method: inherited
*
* call-seq:
* inherited(subclass)
*
* Callback invoked whenever a subclass of the current class is created.
*
* Example:
*
* class Foo
* def self.inherited(subclass)
* puts "New subclass: #{subclass}"
* end
* end
*
* class Bar < Foo
* end
*
* class Baz < Bar
* end
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* New subclass: Bar
* New subclass: Baz
*/
#define rb_obj_class_inherited rb_obj_dummy1
/* Document-method: method_added
*
* call-seq:
* method_added(method_name)
*
* Invoked as a callback whenever an instance method is added to the
* receiver.
*
* module Chatty
* def self.method_added(method_name)
* puts "Adding #{method_name.inspect}"
* end
* def self.some_class_method() end
* def some_instance_method() end
* end
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* Adding :some_instance_method
*
*/
#define rb_obj_mod_method_added rb_obj_dummy1
/* Document-method: method_removed
*
* call-seq:
* method_removed(method_name)
*
* Invoked as a callback whenever an instance method is removed from the
* receiver.
*
* module Chatty
* def self.method_removed(method_name)
* puts "Removing #{method_name.inspect}"
* end
* def self.some_class_method() end
* def some_instance_method() end
* class << self
* remove_method :some_class_method
* end
* remove_method :some_instance_method
* end
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* Removing :some_instance_method
*
*/
#define rb_obj_mod_method_removed rb_obj_dummy1
/* Document-method: method_undefined
*
* call-seq:
* method_undefined(method_name)
*
* Invoked as a callback whenever an instance method is undefined from the
* receiver.
*
* module Chatty
* def self.method_undefined(method_name)
* puts "Undefining #{method_name.inspect}"
* end
* def self.some_class_method() end
* def some_instance_method() end
* class << self
* undef_method :some_class_method
* end
* undef_method :some_instance_method
* end
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* Undefining :some_instance_method
*
*/
#define rb_obj_mod_method_undefined rb_obj_dummy1
/*
* Document-method: singleton_method_added
*
* call-seq:
* singleton_method_added(symbol)
*
* Invoked as a callback whenever a singleton method is added to the
* receiver.
*
* module Chatty
* def Chatty.singleton_method_added(id)
* puts "Adding #{id.id2name}"
* end
* def self.one() end
* def two() end
* def Chatty.three() end
* end
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* Adding singleton_method_added
* Adding one
* Adding three
*
*/
#define rb_obj_singleton_method_added rb_obj_dummy1
/*
* Document-method: singleton_method_removed
*
* call-seq:
* singleton_method_removed(symbol)
*
* Invoked as a callback whenever a singleton method is removed from
* the receiver.
*
* module Chatty
* def Chatty.singleton_method_removed(id)
* puts "Removing #{id.id2name}"
* end
* def self.one() end
* def two() end
* def Chatty.three() end
* class << self
* remove_method :three
* remove_method :one
* end
* end
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* Removing three
* Removing one
*/
#define rb_obj_singleton_method_removed rb_obj_dummy1
/*
* Document-method: singleton_method_undefined
*
* call-seq:
* singleton_method_undefined(symbol)
*
* Invoked as a callback whenever a singleton method is undefined in
* the receiver.
*
* module Chatty
* def Chatty.singleton_method_undefined(id)
* puts "Undefining #{id.id2name}"
* end
* def Chatty.one() end
* class << self
* undef_method(:one)
* end
* end
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* Undefining one
*/
#define rb_obj_singleton_method_undefined rb_obj_dummy1
/*
* Document-method: extended
*
* call-seq:
* extended(othermod)
*
* The equivalent of <tt>included</tt>, but for extended modules.
*
* module A
* def self.extended(mod)
* puts "#{self} extended in #{mod}"
* end
* end
* module Enumerable
* extend A
* end
* # => prints "A extended in Enumerable"
*/
#define rb_obj_mod_extended rb_obj_dummy1
/*
* Document-method: included
*
* call-seq:
* included(othermod)
*
* Callback invoked whenever the receiver is included in another
* module or class. This should be used in preference to
* <tt>Module.append_features</tt> if your code wants to perform some
* action when a module is included in another.
*
* module A
* def A.included(mod)
* puts "#{self} included in #{mod}"
* end
* end
* module Enumerable
* include A
* end
* # => prints "A included in Enumerable"
*/
#define rb_obj_mod_included rb_obj_dummy1
/*
* Document-method: prepended
*
* call-seq:
* prepended(othermod)
*
* The equivalent of <tt>included</tt>, but for prepended modules.
*
* module A
* def self.prepended(mod)
* puts "#{self} prepended to #{mod}"
* end
* end
* module Enumerable
* prepend A
* end
* # => prints "A prepended to Enumerable"
*/
#define rb_obj_mod_prepended rb_obj_dummy1
/*
* Document-method: initialize
*
* call-seq:
* BasicObject.new
*
* Returns a new BasicObject.
*/
#define rb_obj_initialize rb_obj_dummy0
/*
* Not documented
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_dummy(void)
{
return Qnil;
}
static VALUE
rb_obj_dummy0(VALUE _)
{
return rb_obj_dummy();
}
static VALUE
rb_obj_dummy1(VALUE _x, VALUE _y)
{
return rb_obj_dummy();
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.tainted? -> false
*
* Returns false. This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_tainted(VALUE obj)
{
rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(3.2, "Object#tainted?", NULL);
return Qfalse;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.taint -> obj
*
* Returns object. This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_taint(VALUE obj)
{
rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(3.2, "Object#taint", NULL);
return obj;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.untaint -> obj
*
* Returns object. This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_untaint(VALUE obj)
{
rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(3.2, "Object#untaint", NULL);
return obj;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.untrusted? -> false
*
* Returns false. This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_untrusted(VALUE obj)
{
rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(3.2, "Object#untrusted?", NULL);
return Qfalse;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.untrust -> obj
*
* Returns object. This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_untrust(VALUE obj)
{
rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(3.2, "Object#untrust", NULL);
return obj;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.trust -> obj
*
* Returns object. This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_trust(VALUE obj)
{
rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(3.2, "Object#trust", NULL);
return obj;
}
/**
* Does nothing. This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
*/
void
rb_obj_infect(VALUE victim, VALUE carrier)
{
rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(3.2, "rb_obj_infect", NULL);
}
/**
* call-seq:
* obj.freeze -> obj
*
* Prevents further modifications to <i>obj</i>. A
* FrozenError will be raised if modification is attempted.
* There is no way to unfreeze a frozen object. See also
* Object#frozen?.
*
* This method returns self.
*
* a = [ "a", "b", "c" ]
* a.freeze
* a << "z"
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* prog.rb:3:in `<<': can't modify frozen Array (FrozenError)
* from prog.rb:3
*
* Objects of the following classes are always frozen: Integer,
* Float, Symbol.
*--
* Make the object unmodifiable. Equivalent to \c Object\#freeze in Ruby.
* \param[in,out] obj the object to be frozen
* \return the frozen object
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_freeze(VALUE obj)
{
if (!OBJ_FROZEN(obj)) {
OBJ_FREEZE(obj);
if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
rb_bug("special consts should be frozen.");
}
}
return obj;
}
VALUE
rb_obj_frozen_p(VALUE obj)
{
return OBJ_FROZEN(obj) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
/*
* Document-class: NilClass
*
* The class of the singleton object <code>nil</code>.
*/
/*
* call-seq:
* nil.to_s -> ""
*
* Always returns the empty string.
*/
static VALUE
nil_to_s(VALUE obj)
{
return rb_cNilClass_to_s;
}
/*
* Document-method: to_a
*
* call-seq:
* nil.to_a -> []
*
* Always returns an empty array.
*
* nil.to_a #=> []
*/
static VALUE
nil_to_a(VALUE obj)
{
return rb_ary_new2(0);
}
/*
* Document-method: to_h
*
* call-seq:
* nil.to_h -> {}
*
* Always returns an empty hash.
*
* nil.to_h #=> {}
*/
static VALUE
nil_to_h(VALUE obj)
{
return rb_hash_new();
}
/*
* call-seq:
* nil.inspect -> "nil"
*
* Always returns the string "nil".
*/
static VALUE
nil_inspect(VALUE obj)
{
return rb_usascii_str_new2("nil");
}
/*
* call-seq:
* nil =~ other -> nil
*
* Dummy pattern matching -- always returns nil.
*/
static VALUE
nil_match(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
{
return Qnil;
}
/***********************************************************************
* Document-class: TrueClass
*
* The global value <code>true</code> is the only instance of class
* TrueClass and represents a logically true value in
* boolean expressions. The class provides operators allowing
* <code>true</code> to be used in logical expressions.
*/
/*
* call-seq:
* true.to_s -> "true"
*
* The string representation of <code>true</code> is "true".
*/
static VALUE
true_to_s(VALUE obj)
{
return rb_cTrueClass_to_s;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* true & obj -> true or false
*
* And---Returns <code>false</code> if <i>obj</i> is
* <code>nil</code> or <code>false</code>, <code>true</code> otherwise.
*/
static VALUE
true_and(VALUE obj, VALUE obj2)
{
return RTEST(obj2)?Qtrue:Qfalse;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* true | obj -> true
*
* Or---Returns <code>true</code>. As <i>obj</i> is an argument to
* a method call, it is always evaluated; there is no short-circuit
* evaluation in this case.
*
* true | puts("or")
* true || puts("logical or")
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* or
*/
static VALUE
true_or(VALUE obj, VALUE obj2)
{
return Qtrue;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* true ^ obj -> !obj
*
* Exclusive Or---Returns <code>true</code> if <i>obj</i> is
* <code>nil</code> or <code>false</code>, <code>false</code>
* otherwise.
*/
static VALUE
true_xor(VALUE obj, VALUE obj2)
{
return RTEST(obj2)?Qfalse:Qtrue;
}
/*
* Document-class: FalseClass
*
* The global value <code>false</code> is the only instance of class
* FalseClass and represents a logically false value in
* boolean expressions. The class provides operators allowing
* <code>false</code> to participate correctly in logical expressions.
*
*/
/*
* call-seq:
* false.to_s -> "false"
*
* The string representation of <code>false</code> is "false".
*/
static VALUE
false_to_s(VALUE obj)
{
return rb_cFalseClass_to_s;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* false & obj -> false
* nil & obj -> false
*
* And---Returns <code>false</code>. <i>obj</i> is always
* evaluated as it is the argument to a method call---there is no
* short-circuit evaluation in this case.
*/
static VALUE
false_and(VALUE obj, VALUE obj2)
{
return Qfalse;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* false | obj -> true or false
* nil | obj -> true or false
*
* Or---Returns <code>false</code> if <i>obj</i> is
* <code>nil</code> or <code>false</code>; <code>true</code> otherwise.
*/
#define false_or true_and
/*
* call-seq:
* false ^ obj -> true or false
* nil ^ obj -> true or false
*
* Exclusive Or---If <i>obj</i> is <code>nil</code> or
* <code>false</code>, returns <code>false</code>; otherwise, returns
* <code>true</code>.
*
*/
#define false_xor true_and
/*
* call-seq:
* nil.nil? -> true
*
* Only the object <i>nil</i> responds <code>true</code> to <code>nil?</code>.
*/
static VALUE
rb_true(VALUE obj)
{
return Qtrue;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.nil? -> true or false
*
* Only the object <i>nil</i> responds <code>true</code> to <code>nil?</code>.
*
* Object.new.nil? #=> false
* nil.nil? #=> true
*/
MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
rb_false(VALUE obj)
{
return Qfalse;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj =~ other -> nil
*
* This method is deprecated.
*
* This is not only useless but also troublesome because it may hide a
* type error.
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_match(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
{
if (rb_warning_category_enabled_p(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED)) {
rb_category_warn(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED, "deprecated Object#=~ is called on %"PRIsVALUE
"; it always returns nil", rb_obj_class(obj1));
}
return Qnil;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj !~ other -> true or false
*
* Returns true if two objects do not match (using the <i>=~</i>
* method), otherwise false.
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_not_match(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
{
VALUE result = rb_funcall(obj1, id_match, 1, obj2);
return RTEST(result) ? Qfalse : Qtrue;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj <=> other -> 0 or nil
*
* Returns 0 if +obj+ and +other+ are the same object
* or <code>obj == other</code>, otherwise nil.
*
* The #<=> is used by various methods to compare objects, for example
* Enumerable#sort, Enumerable#max etc.
*
* Your implementation of #<=> should return one of the following values: -1, 0,
* 1 or nil. -1 means self is smaller than other. 0 means self is equal to other.
* 1 means self is bigger than other. Nil means the two values could not be
* compared.
*
* When you define #<=>, you can include Comparable to gain the
* methods #<=, #<, #==, #>=, #> and #between?.
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_cmp(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
{
if (rb_equal(obj1, obj2))
return INT2FIX(0);
return Qnil;
}
/***********************************************************************
*
* Document-class: Module
*
* A Module is a collection of methods and constants. The
* methods in a module may be instance methods or module methods.
* Instance methods appear as methods in a class when the module is
* included, module methods do not. Conversely, module methods may be
* called without creating an encapsulating object, while instance
* methods may not. (See Module#module_function.)
*
* In the descriptions that follow, the parameter <i>sym</i> refers
* to a symbol, which is either a quoted string or a
* Symbol (such as <code>:name</code>).
*
* module Mod
* include Math
* CONST = 1
* def meth
* # ...
* end
* end
* Mod.class #=> Module
* Mod.constants #=> [:CONST, :PI, :E]
* Mod.instance_methods #=> [:meth]
*
*/
/*
* call-seq:
* mod.to_s -> string
*
* Returns a string representing this module or class. For basic
* classes and modules, this is the name. For singletons, we
* show information on the thing we're attached to as well.
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_to_s(VALUE klass)
{
ID id_defined_at;
VALUE refined_class, defined_at;
if (FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
VALUE s = rb_usascii_str_new2("#<Class:");
VALUE v = rb_ivar_get(klass, id__attached__);
if (CLASS_OR_MODULE_P(v)) {
rb_str_append(s, rb_inspect(v));
}
else {
rb_str_append(s, rb_any_to_s(v));
}
rb_str_cat2(s, ">");
return s;
}
refined_class = rb_refinement_module_get_refined_class(klass);
if (!NIL_P(refined_class)) {
VALUE s = rb_usascii_str_new2("#<refinement:");
rb_str_concat(s, rb_inspect(refined_class));
rb_str_cat2(s, "@");
CONST_ID(id_defined_at, "__defined_at__");
defined_at = rb_attr_get(klass, id_defined_at);
rb_str_concat(s, rb_inspect(defined_at));
rb_str_cat2(s, ">");
return s;
}
return rb_class_name(klass);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod.freeze -> mod
*
* Prevents further modifications to <i>mod</i>.
*
* This method returns self.
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_freeze(VALUE mod)
{
rb_class_name(mod);
return rb_obj_freeze(mod);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod === obj -> true or false
*
* Case Equality---Returns <code>true</code> if <i>obj</i> is an
* instance of <i>mod</i> or an instance of one of <i>mod</i>'s descendants.
* Of limited use for modules, but can be used in <code>case</code> statements
* to classify objects by class.
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_eqq(VALUE mod, VALUE arg)
{
return rb_obj_is_kind_of(arg, mod);
}
/**
* call-seq:
* mod <= other -> true, false, or nil
*
* Returns true if <i>mod</i> is a subclass of <i>other</i> or
* is the same as <i>other</i>. Returns
* <code>nil</code> if there's no relationship between the two.
* (Think of the relationship in terms of the class definition:
* "class A < B" implies "A < B".)
*--
* Determines if \a mod inherits \a arg. Equivalent to \c Module\#<= in Ruby
*
* \param[in] mod a Module object
* \param[in] arg another Module object or an iclass of a module
* \retval Qtrue if \a mod inherits \a arg, or \a mod equals \a arg
* \retval Qfalse if \a arg inherits \a mod
* \retval Qnil if otherwise
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_class_inherited_p(VALUE mod, VALUE arg)
{
if (mod == arg) return Qtrue;
if (!CLASS_OR_MODULE_P(arg) && !RB_TYPE_P(arg, T_ICLASS)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "compared with non class/module");
}
if (class_search_ancestor(mod, RCLASS_ORIGIN(arg))) {
return Qtrue;
}
/* not mod < arg; check if mod > arg */
if (class_search_ancestor(arg, mod)) {
return Qfalse;
}
return Qnil;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod < other -> true, false, or nil
*
* Returns true if <i>mod</i> is a subclass of <i>other</i>. Returns
* <code>nil</code> if there's no relationship between the two.
* (Think of the relationship in terms of the class definition:
* "class A < B" implies "A < B".)
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_lt(VALUE mod, VALUE arg)
{
if (mod == arg) return Qfalse;
return rb_class_inherited_p(mod, arg);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod >= other -> true, false, or nil
*
* Returns true if <i>mod</i> is an ancestor of <i>other</i>, or the
* two modules are the same. Returns
* <code>nil</code> if there's no relationship between the two.
* (Think of the relationship in terms of the class definition:
* "class A < B" implies "B > A".)
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_ge(VALUE mod, VALUE arg)
{
if (!CLASS_OR_MODULE_P(arg)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "compared with non class/module");
}
return rb_class_inherited_p(arg, mod);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod > other -> true, false, or nil
*
* Returns true if <i>mod</i> is an ancestor of <i>other</i>. Returns
* <code>nil</code> if there's no relationship between the two.
* (Think of the relationship in terms of the class definition:
* "class A < B" implies "B > A".)
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_gt(VALUE mod, VALUE arg)
{
if (mod == arg) return Qfalse;
return rb_mod_ge(mod, arg);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* module <=> other_module -> -1, 0, +1, or nil
*
* Comparison---Returns -1, 0, +1 or nil depending on whether +module+
* includes +other_module+, they are the same, or if +module+ is included by
* +other_module+.
*
* Returns +nil+ if +module+ has no relationship with +other_module+, if
* +other_module+ is not a module, or if the two values are incomparable.
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_cmp(VALUE mod, VALUE arg)
{
VALUE cmp;
if (mod == arg) return INT2FIX(0);
if (!CLASS_OR_MODULE_P(arg)) {
return Qnil;
}
cmp = rb_class_inherited_p(mod, arg);
if (NIL_P(cmp)) return Qnil;
if (cmp) {
return INT2FIX(-1);
}
return INT2FIX(1);
}
static VALUE
rb_module_s_alloc(VALUE klass)
{
VALUE mod = rb_module_new();
RBASIC_SET_CLASS(mod, klass);
return mod;
}
static VALUE
rb_class_s_alloc(VALUE klass)
{
return rb_class_boot(0);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* Module.new -> mod
* Module.new {|mod| block } -> mod
*
* Creates a new anonymous module. If a block is given, it is passed
* the module object, and the block is evaluated in the context of this
* module like #module_eval.
*
* fred = Module.new do
* def meth1
* "hello"
* end
* def meth2
* "bye"
* end
* end
* a = "my string"
* a.extend(fred) #=> "my string"
* a.meth1 #=> "hello"
* a.meth2 #=> "bye"
*
* Assign the module to a constant (name starting uppercase) if you
* want to treat it like a regular module.
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_initialize(VALUE module)
{
if (rb_block_given_p()) {
rb_mod_module_exec(1, &module, module);
}
return Qnil;
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
rb_mod_initialize_clone(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE clone)
{
VALUE ret, orig, opts;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1:", &orig, &opts);
ret = rb_obj_init_clone(argc, argv, clone);
if (OBJ_FROZEN(orig))
rb_class_name(clone);
return ret;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* Class.new(super_class=Object) -> a_class
* Class.new(super_class=Object) { |mod| ... } -> a_class
*
* Creates a new anonymous (unnamed) class with the given superclass
* (or Object if no parameter is given). You can give a
* class a name by assigning the class object to a constant.
*
* If a block is given, it is passed the class object, and the block
* is evaluated in the context of this class like
* #class_eval.
*
* fred = Class.new do
* def meth1
* "hello"
* end
* def meth2
* "bye"
* end
* end
*
* a = fred.new #=> #<#<Class:0x100381890>:0x100376b98>
* a.meth1 #=> "hello"
* a.meth2 #=> "bye"
*
* Assign the class to a constant (name starting uppercase) if you
* want to treat it like a regular class.
*/
static VALUE
rb_class_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE super;
if (RCLASS_SUPER(klass) != 0 || klass == rb_cBasicObject) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "already initialized class");
}
if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) == 0) {
super = rb_cObject;
}
else {
super = argv[0];
rb_check_inheritable(super);
if (super != rb_cBasicObject && !RCLASS_SUPER(super)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't inherit uninitialized class");
}
}
RCLASS_SET_SUPER(klass, super);
rb_make_metaclass(klass, RBASIC(super)->klass);
rb_class_inherited(super, klass);
rb_mod_initialize(klass);
return klass;
}
/*! \private */
void
rb_undefined_alloc(VALUE klass)
{
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "allocator undefined for %"PRIsVALUE,
klass);
}
static rb_alloc_func_t class_get_alloc_func(VALUE klass);
static VALUE class_call_alloc_func(rb_alloc_func_t allocator, VALUE klass);
/*
* call-seq:
* class.allocate() -> obj
*
* Allocates space for a new object of <i>class</i>'s class and does not
* call initialize on the new instance. The returned object must be an
* instance of <i>class</i>.
*
* klass = Class.new do
* def initialize(*args)
* @initialized = true
* end
*
* def initialized?
* @initialized || false
* end
* end
*
* klass.allocate.initialized? #=> false
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_class_alloc_m(VALUE klass)
{
rb_alloc_func_t allocator = class_get_alloc_func(klass);
if (!rb_obj_respond_to(klass, rb_intern("allocate"), 1)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "calling %"PRIsVALUE".allocate is prohibited",
klass);
}
return class_call_alloc_func(allocator, klass);
}
static VALUE
rb_class_alloc(VALUE klass)
{
rb_alloc_func_t allocator = class_get_alloc_func(klass);
return class_call_alloc_func(allocator, klass);
}
static rb_alloc_func_t
class_get_alloc_func(VALUE klass)
{
rb_alloc_func_t allocator;
if (RCLASS_SUPER(klass) == 0 && klass != rb_cBasicObject) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't instantiate uninitialized class");
}
if (FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't create instance of singleton class");
}
allocator = rb_get_alloc_func(klass);
if (!allocator) {
rb_undefined_alloc(klass);
}
return allocator;
}
static VALUE
class_call_alloc_func(rb_alloc_func_t allocator, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE obj;
RUBY_DTRACE_CREATE_HOOK(OBJECT, rb_class2name(klass));
obj = (*allocator)(klass);
if (rb_obj_class(obj) != rb_class_real(klass)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong instance allocation");
}
return obj;
}
/**
* Allocates an instance of \a klass
*
* \note It calls the allocator defined by {rb_define_alloc_func}.
* So you cannot use this function to define an allocator.
* Use {rb_newobj_of}, {TypedData_Make_Struct} or others, instead.
* \note Usually prefer rb_class_new_instance to rb_obj_alloc and rb_obj_call_init
* \param[in] klass a Class object
* \sa rb_class_new_instance
* \sa rb_obj_call_init
* \sa rb_define_alloc_func
* \sa rb_newobj_of
* \sa TypedData_Make_Struct
*/
VALUE
rb_obj_alloc(VALUE klass)
{
Check_Type(klass, T_CLASS);
return rb_class_alloc(klass);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* class.new(args, ...) -> obj
*
* Calls #allocate to create a new object of <i>class</i>'s class,
* then invokes that object's #initialize method, passing it
* <i>args</i>. This is the method that ends up getting called
* whenever an object is constructed using <code>.new</code>.
*
*/
VALUE
rb_class_new_instance_pass_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE obj;
obj = rb_class_alloc(klass);
rb_obj_call_init_kw(obj, argc, argv, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
return obj;
}
VALUE
rb_class_new_instance_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass, int kw_splat)
{
VALUE obj;
Check_Type(klass, T_CLASS);
obj = rb_class_alloc(klass);
rb_obj_call_init_kw(obj, argc, argv, kw_splat);
return obj;
}
/**
* Allocates and initializes an instance of \a klass.
*
* Equivalent to \c Class\#new in Ruby
*
* \param[in] argc the number of arguments to \c #initialize
* \param[in] argv a pointer to an array of arguments to \c #initialize
* \param[in] klass a Class object
* \return the new instance of \a klass
* \sa rb_obj_call_init
* \sa rb_obj_alloc
*/
VALUE
rb_class_new_instance(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE obj;
Check_Type(klass, T_CLASS);
obj = rb_class_alloc(klass);
rb_obj_call_init_kw(obj, argc, argv, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
return obj;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* class.superclass -> a_super_class or nil
*
* Returns the superclass of <i>class</i>, or <code>nil</code>.
*
* File.superclass #=> IO
* IO.superclass #=> Object
* Object.superclass #=> BasicObject
* class Foo; end
* class Bar < Foo; end
* Bar.superclass #=> Foo
*
* Returns nil when the given class does not have a parent class:
*
* BasicObject.superclass #=> nil
*
*--
* Returns the superclass of \a klass. Equivalent to \c Class\#superclass in Ruby.
*
* It skips modules.
* \param[in] klass a Class object
* \return the superclass, or \c Qnil if \a klass does not have a parent class.
* \sa rb_class_get_superclass
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_class_superclass(VALUE klass)
{
VALUE super = RCLASS_SUPER(klass);
if (!super) {
if (klass == rb_cBasicObject) return Qnil;
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "uninitialized class");
}
while (RB_TYPE_P(super, T_ICLASS)) {
super = RCLASS_SUPER(super);
}
if (!super) {
return Qnil;
}
return super;
}
/**
* Returns the superclass of \a klass
* The return value might be an iclass of a module, unlike rb_class_superclass.
*
* Also it returns Qfalse when \a klass does not have a parent class.
* \sa rb_class_superclass
*/
VALUE
rb_class_get_superclass(VALUE klass)
{
return RCLASS(klass)->super;
}
static const char bad_instance_name[] = "`%1$s' is not allowed as an instance variable name";
static const char bad_class_name[] = "`%1$s' is not allowed as a class variable name";
static const char bad_const_name[] = "wrong constant name %1$s";
static const char bad_attr_name[] = "invalid attribute name `%1$s'";
#define wrong_constant_name bad_const_name
/*! \private */
#define id_for_var(obj, name, type) id_for_setter(obj, name, type, bad_##type##_name)
/*! \private */
#define id_for_setter(obj, name, type, message) \
check_setter_id(obj, &(name), rb_is_##type##_id, rb_is_##type##_name, message, strlen(message))
static ID
check_setter_id(VALUE obj, VALUE *pname,
int (*valid_id_p)(ID), int (*valid_name_p)(VALUE),
const char *message, size_t message_len)
{
ID id = rb_check_id(pname);
VALUE name = *pname;
if (id ? !valid_id_p(id) : !valid_name_p(name)) {
rb_name_err_raise_str(rb_fstring_new(message, message_len),
obj, name);
}
return id;
}
static int
rb_is_attr_name(VALUE name)
{
return rb_is_local_name(name) || rb_is_const_name(name);
}
static int
rb_is_attr_id(ID id)
{
return rb_is_local_id(id) || rb_is_const_id(id);
}
static ID
id_for_attr(VALUE obj, VALUE name)
{
ID id = id_for_var(obj, name, attr);
if (!id) id = rb_intern_str(name);
return id;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* attr_reader(symbol, ...) -> array
* attr(symbol, ...) -> array
* attr_reader(string, ...) -> array
* attr(string, ...) -> array
*
* Creates instance variables and corresponding methods that return the
* value of each instance variable. Equivalent to calling
* ``<code>attr</code><i>:name</i>'' on each name in turn.
* String arguments are converted to symbols.
* Returns an array of defined method names as symbols.
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_attr_reader(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
int i;
VALUE names = rb_ary_new2(argc);
for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
ID id = id_for_attr(klass, argv[i]);
rb_attr(klass, id, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
rb_ary_push(names, ID2SYM(id));
}
return names;
}
/**
* call-seq:
* attr(name, ...) -> array
* attr(name, true) -> array
* attr(name, false) -> array
*
* The first form is equivalent to #attr_reader.
* The second form is equivalent to <code>attr_accessor(name)</code> but deprecated.
* The last form is equivalent to <code>attr_reader(name)</code> but deprecated.
* Returns an array of defined method names as symbols.
*--
* \private
* \todo can be static?
*++
*/
VALUE
rb_mod_attr(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
if (argc == 2 && (argv[1] == Qtrue || argv[1] == Qfalse)) {
ID id = id_for_attr(klass, argv[0]);
VALUE names = rb_ary_new();
rb_category_warning(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED, "optional boolean argument is obsoleted");
rb_attr(klass, id, 1, RTEST(argv[1]), TRUE);
rb_ary_push(names, ID2SYM(id));
if (argv[1] == Qtrue) rb_ary_push(names, ID2SYM(rb_id_attrset(id)));
return names;
}
return rb_mod_attr_reader(argc, argv, klass);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* attr_writer(symbol, ...) -> array
* attr_writer(string, ...) -> array
*
* Creates an accessor method to allow assignment to the attribute
* <i>symbol</i><code>.id2name</code>.
* String arguments are converted to symbols.
* Returns an array of defined method names as symbols.
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_attr_writer(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
int i;
VALUE names = rb_ary_new2(argc);
for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
ID id = id_for_attr(klass, argv[i]);
rb_attr(klass, id, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
rb_ary_push(names, ID2SYM(rb_id_attrset(id)));
}
return names;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* attr_accessor(symbol, ...) -> array
* attr_accessor(string, ...) -> array
*
* Defines a named attribute for this module, where the name is
* <i>symbol.</i><code>id2name</code>, creating an instance variable
* (<code>@name</code>) and a corresponding access method to read it.
* Also creates a method called <code>name=</code> to set the attribute.
* String arguments are converted to symbols.
* Returns an array of defined method names as symbols.
*
* module Mod
* attr_accessor(:one, :two) #=> [:one, :one=, :two, :two=]
* end
* Mod.instance_methods.sort #=> [:one, :one=, :two, :two=]
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_attr_accessor(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
int i;
VALUE names = rb_ary_new2(argc * 2);
for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
ID id = id_for_attr(klass, argv[i]);
rb_attr(klass, id, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
rb_ary_push(names, ID2SYM(id));
rb_ary_push(names, ID2SYM(rb_id_attrset(id)));
}
return names;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod.const_get(sym, inherit=true) -> obj
* mod.const_get(str, inherit=true) -> obj
*
* Checks for a constant with the given name in <i>mod</i>.
* If +inherit+ is set, the lookup will also search
* the ancestors (and +Object+ if <i>mod</i> is a +Module+).
*
* The value of the constant is returned if a definition is found,
* otherwise a +NameError+ is raised.
*
* Math.const_get(:PI) #=> 3.14159265358979
*
* This method will recursively look up constant names if a namespaced
* class name is provided. For example:
*
* module Foo; class Bar; end end
* Object.const_get 'Foo::Bar'
*
* The +inherit+ flag is respected on each lookup. For example:
*
* module Foo
* class Bar
* VAL = 10
* end
*
* class Baz < Bar; end
* end
*
* Object.const_get 'Foo::Baz::VAL' # => 10
* Object.const_get 'Foo::Baz::VAL', false # => NameError
*
* If the argument is not a valid constant name a +NameError+ will be
* raised with a warning "wrong constant name".
*
* Object.const_get 'foobar' #=> NameError: wrong constant name foobar
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_const_get(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
{
VALUE name, recur;
rb_encoding *enc;
const char *pbeg, *p, *path, *pend;
ID id;
rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 2);
name = argv[0];
recur = (argc == 1) ? Qtrue : argv[1];
if (SYMBOL_P(name)) {
if (!rb_is_const_sym(name)) goto wrong_name;
id = rb_check_id(&name);
if (!id) return rb_const_missing(mod, name);
return RTEST(recur) ? rb_const_get(mod, id) : rb_const_get_at(mod, id);
}
path = StringValuePtr(name);
enc = rb_enc_get(name);
if (!rb_enc_asciicompat(enc)) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid class path encoding (non ASCII)");
}
pbeg = p = path;
pend = path + RSTRING_LEN(name);
if (p >= pend || !*p) {
goto wrong_name;
}
if (p + 2 < pend && p[0] == ':' && p[1] == ':') {
mod = rb_cObject;
p += 2;
pbeg = p;
}
while (p < pend) {
VALUE part;
long len, beglen;
while (p < pend && *p != ':') p++;
if (pbeg == p) goto wrong_name;
id = rb_check_id_cstr(pbeg, len = p-pbeg, enc);
beglen = pbeg-path;
if (p < pend && p[0] == ':') {
if (p + 2 >= pend || p[1] != ':') goto wrong_name;
p += 2;
pbeg = p;
}
if (!RB_TYPE_P(mod, T_MODULE) && !RB_TYPE_P(mod, T_CLASS)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "%"PRIsVALUE" does not refer to class/module",
QUOTE(name));
}
if (!id) {
part = rb_str_subseq(name, beglen, len);
OBJ_FREEZE(part);
if (!rb_is_const_name(part)) {
name = part;
goto wrong_name;
}
else if (!rb_method_basic_definition_p(CLASS_OF(mod), id_const_missing)) {
part = rb_str_intern(part);
mod = rb_const_missing(mod, part);
continue;
}
else {
rb_mod_const_missing(mod, part);
}
}
if (!rb_is_const_id(id)) {
name = ID2SYM(id);
goto wrong_name;
}
#if 0
mod = rb_const_get_0(mod, id, beglen > 0 || !RTEST(recur), RTEST(recur), FALSE);
#else
if (!RTEST(recur)) {
mod = rb_const_get_at(mod, id);
}
else if (beglen == 0) {
mod = rb_const_get(mod, id);
}
else {
mod = rb_const_get_from(mod, id);
}
#endif
}
return mod;
wrong_name:
rb_name_err_raise(wrong_constant_name, mod, name);
UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qundef);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod.const_set(sym, obj) -> obj
* mod.const_set(str, obj) -> obj
*
* Sets the named constant to the given object, returning that object.
* Creates a new constant if no constant with the given name previously
* existed.
*
* Math.const_set("HIGH_SCHOOL_PI", 22.0/7.0) #=> 3.14285714285714
* Math::HIGH_SCHOOL_PI - Math::PI #=> 0.00126448926734968
*
* If +sym+ or +str+ is not a valid constant name a +NameError+ will be
* raised with a warning "wrong constant name".
*
* Object.const_set('foobar', 42) #=> NameError: wrong constant name foobar
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_const_set(VALUE mod, VALUE name, VALUE value)
{
ID id = id_for_var(mod, name, const);
if (!id) id = rb_intern_str(name);
rb_const_set(mod, id, value);
return value;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod.const_defined?(sym, inherit=true) -> true or false
* mod.const_defined?(str, inherit=true) -> true or false
*
* Says whether _mod_ or its ancestors have a constant with the given name:
*
* Float.const_defined?(:EPSILON) #=> true, found in Float itself
* Float.const_defined?("String") #=> true, found in Object (ancestor)
* BasicObject.const_defined?(:Hash) #=> false
*
* If _mod_ is a +Module+, additionally +Object+ and its ancestors are checked:
*
* Math.const_defined?(:String) #=> true, found in Object
*
* In each of the checked classes or modules, if the constant is not present
* but there is an autoload for it, +true+ is returned directly without
* autoloading:
*
* module Admin
* autoload :User, 'admin/user'
* end
* Admin.const_defined?(:User) #=> true
*
* If the constant is not found the callback +const_missing+ is *not* called
* and the method returns +false+.
*
* If +inherit+ is false, the lookup only checks the constants in the receiver:
*
* IO.const_defined?(:SYNC) #=> true, found in File::Constants (ancestor)
* IO.const_defined?(:SYNC, false) #=> false, not found in IO itself
*
* In this case, the same logic for autoloading applies.
*
* If the argument is not a valid constant name a +NameError+ is raised with the
* message "wrong constant name _name_":
*
* Hash.const_defined? 'foobar' #=> NameError: wrong constant name foobar
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_const_defined(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
{
VALUE name, recur;
rb_encoding *enc;
const char *pbeg, *p, *path, *pend;
ID id;
rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 2);
name = argv[0];
recur = (argc == 1) ? Qtrue : argv[1];
if (SYMBOL_P(name)) {
if (!rb_is_const_sym(name)) goto wrong_name;
id = rb_check_id(&name);
if (!id) return Qfalse;
return RTEST(recur) ? rb_const_defined(mod, id) : rb_const_defined_at(mod, id);
}
path = StringValuePtr(name);
enc = rb_enc_get(name);
if (!rb_enc_asciicompat(enc)) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid class path encoding (non ASCII)");
}
pbeg = p = path;
pend = path + RSTRING_LEN(name);
if (p >= pend || !*p) {
goto wrong_name;
}
if (p + 2 < pend && p[0] == ':' && p[1] == ':') {
mod = rb_cObject;
p += 2;
pbeg = p;
}
while (p < pend) {
VALUE part;
long len, beglen;
while (p < pend && *p != ':') p++;
if (pbeg == p) goto wrong_name;
id = rb_check_id_cstr(pbeg, len = p-pbeg, enc);
beglen = pbeg-path;
if (p < pend && p[0] == ':') {
if (p + 2 >= pend || p[1] != ':') goto wrong_name;
p += 2;
pbeg = p;
}
if (!id) {
part = rb_str_subseq(name, beglen, len);
OBJ_FREEZE(part);
if (!rb_is_const_name(part)) {
name = part;
goto wrong_name;
}
else {
return Qfalse;
}
}
if (!rb_is_const_id(id)) {
name = ID2SYM(id);
goto wrong_name;
}
#if 0
mod = rb_const_search(mod, id, beglen > 0 || !RTEST(recur), RTEST(recur), FALSE);
if (mod == Qundef) return Qfalse;
#else
if (!RTEST(recur)) {
if (!rb_const_defined_at(mod, id))
return Qfalse;
if (p == pend) return Qtrue;
mod = rb_const_get_at(mod, id);
}
else if (beglen == 0) {
if (!rb_const_defined(mod, id))
return Qfalse;
if (p == pend) return Qtrue;
mod = rb_const_get(mod, id);
}
else {
if (!rb_const_defined_from(mod, id))
return Qfalse;
if (p == pend) return Qtrue;
mod = rb_const_get_from(mod, id);
}
#endif
if (p < pend && !RB_TYPE_P(mod, T_MODULE) && !RB_TYPE_P(mod, T_CLASS)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "%"PRIsVALUE" does not refer to class/module",
QUOTE(name));
}
}
return Qtrue;
wrong_name:
rb_name_err_raise(wrong_constant_name, mod, name);
UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qundef);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod.const_source_location(sym, inherit=true) -> [String, Integer]
* mod.const_source_location(str, inherit=true) -> [String, Integer]
*
* Returns the Ruby source filename and line number containing the definition
* of the constant specified. If the named constant is not found, +nil+ is returned.
* If the constant is found, but its source location can not be extracted
* (constant is defined in C code), empty array is returned.
*
* _inherit_ specifies whether to lookup in <code>mod.ancestors</code> (+true+
* by default).
*
* # test.rb:
* class A # line 1
* C1 = 1
* C2 = 2
* end
*
* module M # line 6
* C3 = 3
* end
*
* class B < A # line 10
* include M
* C4 = 4
* end
*
* class A # continuation of A definition
* C2 = 8 # constant redefinition; warned yet allowed
* end
*
* p B.const_source_location('C4') # => ["test.rb", 12]
* p B.const_source_location('C3') # => ["test.rb", 7]
* p B.const_source_location('C1') # => ["test.rb", 2]
*
* p B.const_source_location('C3', false) # => nil -- don't lookup in ancestors
*
* p A.const_source_location('C2') # => ["test.rb", 16] -- actual (last) definition place
*
* p Object.const_source_location('B') # => ["test.rb", 10] -- top-level constant could be looked through Object
* p Object.const_source_location('A') # => ["test.rb", 1] -- class reopening is NOT considered new definition
*
* p B.const_source_location('A') # => ["test.rb", 1] -- because Object is in ancestors
* p M.const_source_location('A') # => ["test.rb", 1] -- Object is not ancestor, but additionally checked for modules
*
* p Object.const_source_location('A::C1') # => ["test.rb", 2] -- nesting is supported
* p Object.const_source_location('String') # => [] -- constant is defined in C code
*
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_const_source_location(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
{
VALUE name, recur, loc = Qnil;
rb_encoding *enc;
const char *pbeg, *p, *path, *pend;
ID id;
rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 2);
name = argv[0];
recur = (argc == 1) ? Qtrue : argv[1];
if (SYMBOL_P(name)) {
if (!rb_is_const_sym(name)) goto wrong_name;
id = rb_check_id(&name);
if (!id) return Qnil;
return RTEST(recur) ? rb_const_source_location(mod, id) : rb_const_source_location_at(mod, id);
}
path = StringValuePtr(name);
enc = rb_enc_get(name);
if (!rb_enc_asciicompat(enc)) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid class path encoding (non ASCII)");
}
pbeg = p = path;
pend = path + RSTRING_LEN(name);
if (p >= pend || !*p) {
goto wrong_name;
}
if (p + 2 < pend && p[0] == ':' && p[1] == ':') {
mod = rb_cObject;
p += 2;
pbeg = p;
}
while (p < pend) {
VALUE part;
long len, beglen;
while (p < pend && *p != ':') p++;
if (pbeg == p) goto wrong_name;
id = rb_check_id_cstr(pbeg, len = p-pbeg, enc);
beglen = pbeg-path;
if (p < pend && p[0] == ':') {
if (p + 2 >= pend || p[1] != ':') goto wrong_name;
p += 2;
pbeg = p;
}
if (!id) {
part = rb_str_subseq(name, beglen, len);
OBJ_FREEZE(part);
if (!rb_is_const_name(part)) {
name = part;
goto wrong_name;
}
else {
return Qnil;
}
}
if (!rb_is_const_id(id)) {
name = ID2SYM(id);
goto wrong_name;
}
if (p < pend) {
if (RTEST(recur)) {
mod = rb_const_get(mod, id);
}
else {
mod = rb_const_get_at(mod, id);
}
if (!RB_TYPE_P(mod, T_MODULE) && !RB_TYPE_P(mod, T_CLASS)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "%"PRIsVALUE" does not refer to class/module",
QUOTE(name));
}
}
else {
if (RTEST(recur)) {
loc = rb_const_source_location(mod, id);
}
else {
loc = rb_const_source_location_at(mod, id);
}
break;
}
recur = Qfalse;
}
return loc;
wrong_name:
rb_name_err_raise(wrong_constant_name, mod, name);
UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qundef);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.instance_variable_get(symbol) -> obj
* obj.instance_variable_get(string) -> obj
*
* Returns the value of the given instance variable, or nil if the
* instance variable is not set. The <code>@</code> part of the
* variable name should be included for regular instance
* variables. Throws a NameError exception if the
* supplied symbol is not valid as an instance variable name.
* String arguments are converted to symbols.
*
* class Fred
* def initialize(p1, p2)
* @a, @b = p1, p2
* end
* end
* fred = Fred.new('cat', 99)
* fred.instance_variable_get(:@a) #=> "cat"
* fred.instance_variable_get("@b") #=> 99
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_ivar_get(VALUE obj, VALUE iv)
{
ID id = id_for_var(obj, iv, instance);
if (!id) {
return Qnil;
}
return rb_ivar_get(obj, id);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.instance_variable_set(symbol, obj) -> obj
* obj.instance_variable_set(string, obj) -> obj
*
* Sets the instance variable named by <i>symbol</i> to the given
* object. This may circumvent the encapsulation intended by
* the author of the class, so it should be used with care.
* The variable does not have to exist prior to this call.
* If the instance variable name is passed as a string, that string
* is converted to a symbol.
*
* class Fred
* def initialize(p1, p2)
* @a, @b = p1, p2
* end
* end
* fred = Fred.new('cat', 99)
* fred.instance_variable_set(:@a, 'dog') #=> "dog"
* fred.instance_variable_set(:@c, 'cat') #=> "cat"
* fred.inspect #=> "#<Fred:0x401b3da8 @a=\"dog\", @b=99, @c=\"cat\">"
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_ivar_set(VALUE obj, VALUE iv, VALUE val)
{
ID id = id_for_var(obj, iv, instance);
if (!id) id = rb_intern_str(iv);
return rb_ivar_set(obj, id, val);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.instance_variable_defined?(symbol) -> true or false
* obj.instance_variable_defined?(string) -> true or false
*
* Returns <code>true</code> if the given instance variable is
* defined in <i>obj</i>.
* String arguments are converted to symbols.
*
* class Fred
* def initialize(p1, p2)
* @a, @b = p1, p2
* end
* end
* fred = Fred.new('cat', 99)
* fred.instance_variable_defined?(:@a) #=> true
* fred.instance_variable_defined?("@b") #=> true
* fred.instance_variable_defined?("@c") #=> false
*/
static VALUE
rb_obj_ivar_defined(VALUE obj, VALUE iv)
{
ID id = id_for_var(obj, iv, instance);
if (!id) {
return Qfalse;
}
return rb_ivar_defined(obj, id);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod.class_variable_get(symbol) -> obj
* mod.class_variable_get(string) -> obj
*
* Returns the value of the given class variable (or throws a
* NameError exception). The <code>@@</code> part of the
* variable name should be included for regular class variables.
* String arguments are converted to symbols.
*
* class Fred
* @@foo = 99
* end
* Fred.class_variable_get(:@@foo) #=> 99
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_cvar_get(VALUE obj, VALUE iv)
{
ID id = id_for_var(obj, iv, class);
if (!id) {
rb_name_err_raise("uninitialized class variable %1$s in %2$s",
obj, iv);
}
return rb_cvar_get(obj, id);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.class_variable_set(symbol, obj) -> obj
* obj.class_variable_set(string, obj) -> obj
*
* Sets the class variable named by <i>symbol</i> to the given
* object.
* If the class variable name is passed as a string, that string
* is converted to a symbol.
*
* class Fred
* @@foo = 99
* def foo
* @@foo
* end
* end
* Fred.class_variable_set(:@@foo, 101) #=> 101
* Fred.new.foo #=> 101
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_cvar_set(VALUE obj, VALUE iv, VALUE val)
{
ID id = id_for_var(obj, iv, class);
if (!id) id = rb_intern_str(iv);
rb_cvar_set(obj, id, val);
return val;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* obj.class_variable_defined?(symbol) -> true or false
* obj.class_variable_defined?(string) -> true or false
*
* Returns <code>true</code> if the given class variable is defined
* in <i>obj</i>.
* String arguments are converted to symbols.
*
* class Fred
* @@foo = 99
* end
* Fred.class_variable_defined?(:@@foo) #=> true
* Fred.class_variable_defined?(:@@bar) #=> false
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_cvar_defined(VALUE obj, VALUE iv)
{
ID id = id_for_var(obj, iv, class);
if (!id) {
return Qfalse;
}
return rb_cvar_defined(obj, id);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* mod.singleton_class? -> true or false
*
* Returns <code>true</code> if <i>mod</i> is a singleton class or
* <code>false</code> if it is an ordinary class or module.
*
* class C
* end
* C.singleton_class? #=> false
* C.singleton_class.singleton_class? #=> true
*/
static VALUE
rb_mod_singleton_p(VALUE klass)
{
if (RB_TYPE_P(klass, T_CLASS) && FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON))
return Qtrue;
return Qfalse;
}
/*! \private */
static const struct conv_method_tbl {
const char method[6];
unsigned short id;
} conv_method_names[] = {
#define M(n) {#n, (unsigned short)idTo_##n}
M(int),
M(ary),
M(str),
M(sym),
M(hash),
M(proc),
M(io),
M(a),
M(s),
M(i),
M(r),
#undef M
};
#define IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS 7
static int
conv_method_index(const char *method)
{
static const char prefix[] = "to_";
if (strncmp(prefix, method, sizeof(prefix)-1) == 0) {
const char *const meth = &method[sizeof(prefix)-1];
int i;
for (i=0; i < numberof(conv_method_names); i++) {
if (conv_method_names[i].method[0] == meth[0] &&
strcmp(conv_method_names[i].method, meth) == 0) {
return i;
}
}
}
return numberof(conv_method_names);
}
static VALUE
convert_type_with_id(VALUE val, const char *tname, ID method, int raise, int index)
{
VALUE r = rb_check_funcall(val, method, 0, 0);
if (r == Qundef) {
if (raise) {
const char *msg =
((index < 0 ? conv_method_index(rb_id2name(method)) : index)
< IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS) ?
"no implicit conversion of" : "can't convert";
const char *cname = NIL_P(val) ? "nil" :
val == Qtrue ? "true" :
val == Qfalse ? "false" :
NULL;
if (cname)
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "%s %s into %s", msg, cname, tname);
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "%s %"PRIsVALUE" into %s", msg,
rb_obj_class(val),
tname);
}
return Qnil;
}
return r;
}
static VALUE
convert_type(VALUE val, const char *tname, const char *method, int raise)
{
int i = conv_method_index(method);
ID m = i < numberof(conv_method_names) ?
conv_method_names[i].id : rb_intern(method);
return convert_type_with_id(val, tname, m, raise, i);
}
/*! \private */
NORETURN(static void conversion_mismatch(VALUE, const char *, const char *, VALUE));
static void
conversion_mismatch(VALUE val, const char *tname, const char *method, VALUE result)
{
VALUE cname = rb_obj_class(val);
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
"can't convert %"PRIsVALUE" to %s (%"PRIsVALUE"#%s gives %"PRIsVALUE")",
cname, tname, cname, method, rb_obj_class(result));
}
/*!
* Converts an object into another type.
* Calls the specified conversion method if necessary.
*
* \param[in] val the object to be converted
* \param[in] type a value of \c ruby_value_type
* \param[in] tname name of the target type.
* only used for error messages.
* \param[in] method name of the method
* \return an object of the specified type
* \throw TypeError on failure
* \sa rb_check_convert_type
*/
VALUE
rb_convert_type(VALUE val, int type, const char *tname, const char *method)
{
VALUE v;
if (TYPE(val) == type) return val;
v = convert_type(val, tname, method, TRUE);
if (TYPE(v) != type) {
conversion_mismatch(val, tname, method, v);
}
return v;
}
/*! \private */
VALUE
rb_convert_type_with_id(VALUE val, int type, const char *tname, ID method)
{
VALUE v;
if (TYPE(val) == type) return val;
v = convert_type_with_id(val, tname, method, TRUE, -1);
if (TYPE(v) != type) {
conversion_mismatch(val, tname, RSTRING_PTR(rb_id2str(method)), v);
}
return v;
}
/*!
* Tries to convert an object into another type.
* Calls the specified conversion method if necessary.
*
* \param[in] val the object to be converted
* \param[in] type a value of \c ruby_value_type
* \param[in] tname name of the target type.
* only used for error messages.
* \param[in] method name of the method
* \return an object of the specified type, or Qnil if no such conversion method defined.
* \throw TypeError if the conversion method returns an unexpected type of value.
* \sa rb_convert_type
* \sa rb_check_convert_type_with_id
*/
VALUE
rb_check_convert_type(VALUE val, int type, const char *tname, const char *method)
{
VALUE v;
/* always convert T_DATA */
if (TYPE(val) == type && type != T_DATA) return val;
v = convert_type(val, tname, method, FALSE);
if (NIL_P(v)) return Qnil;
if (TYPE(v) != type) {
conversion_mismatch(val, tname, method, v);
}
return v;
}
/*! \private */
MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
rb_check_convert_type_with_id(VALUE val, int type, const char *tname, ID method)
{
VALUE v;
/* always convert T_DATA */
if (TYPE(val) == type && type != T_DATA) return val;
v = convert_type_with_id(val, tname, method, FALSE, -1);
if (NIL_P(v)) return Qnil;
if (TYPE(v) != type) {
conversion_mismatch(val, tname, RSTRING_PTR(rb_id2str(method)), v);
}
return v;
}
#define try_to_int(val, mid, raise) \
convert_type_with_id(val, "Integer", mid, raise, -1)
ALWAYS_INLINE(static VALUE rb_to_integer_with_id_exception(VALUE val, const char *method, ID mid, int raise));
/* Integer specific rb_check_convert_type_with_id */
static inline VALUE
rb_to_integer_with_id_exception(VALUE val, const char *method, ID mid, int raise)
{
VALUE v;
if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(val)) return val;
v = try_to_int(val, mid, raise);
if (!raise && NIL_P(v)) return Qnil;
if (!RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(v)) {
conversion_mismatch(val, "Integer", method, v);
}
return v;
}
#define rb_to_integer(val, method, mid) \
rb_to_integer_with_id_exception(val, method, mid, TRUE)
/**
* Tries to convert \a val into \c Integer.
* It calls the specified conversion method if necessary.
*
* \param[in] val a Ruby object
* \param[in] method a name of a method
* \return an \c Integer object on success,
* or \c Qnil if no such conversion method defined.
* \exception TypeError if the conversion method returns a non-Integer object.
*/
VALUE
rb_check_to_integer(VALUE val, const char *method)
{
VALUE v;
if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(val)) return val;
v = convert_type(val, "Integer", method, FALSE);
if (!RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(v)) {
return Qnil;
}
return v;
}
/**
* Converts \a val into \c Integer.
* It calls \a #to_int method if necessary.
*
* \param[in] val a Ruby object
* \return an \c Integer object
* \exception TypeError on failure
*/
VALUE
rb_to_int(VALUE val)
{
return rb_to_integer(val, "to_int", idTo_int);
}
/**
* Tries to convert \a val into Integer.
* It calls \c #to_int method if necessary.
*
* \param[in] val a Ruby object
* \return an Integer object on success,
* or \c Qnil if \c #to_int is not defined.
* \exception TypeError if \c #to_int returns a non-Integer object.
*/
VALUE
rb_check_to_int(VALUE val)
{
if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(val)) return val;
val = try_to_int(val, idTo_int, FALSE);
if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(val)) return val;
return Qnil;
}
static VALUE
rb_check_to_i(VALUE val)
{
if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(val)) return val;
val = try_to_int(val, idTo_i, FALSE);
if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(val)) return val;
return Qnil;
}
static VALUE
rb_convert_to_integer(VALUE val, int base, int raise_exception)
{
VALUE tmp;
if (base) {
tmp = rb_check_string_type(val);
if (! NIL_P(tmp)) {
val = tmp;
}
else if (! raise_exception) {
return Qnil;
}
else {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "base specified for non string value");
}
}
if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(val)) {
double f = RFLOAT_VALUE(val);
if (!raise_exception && !isfinite(f)) return Qnil;
if (FIXABLE(f)) return LONG2FIX((long)f);
return rb_dbl2big(f);
}
else if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(val)) {
return val;
}
else if (RB_TYPE_P(val, T_STRING)) {
return rb_str_convert_to_inum(val, base, TRUE, raise_exception);
}
else if (NIL_P(val)) {
if (!raise_exception) return Qnil;
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't convert nil into Integer");
}
tmp = rb_protect(rb_check_to_int, val, NULL);
if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(tmp)) return tmp;
rb_set_errinfo(Qnil);
if (!raise_exception) {
VALUE result = rb_protect(rb_check_to_i, val, NULL);
rb_set_errinfo(Qnil);
return result;
}
return rb_to_integer(val, "to_i", idTo_i);
}
/**
* Equivalent to \c Kernel\#Integer in Ruby.
*
* Converts \a val into \c Integer in a slightly more strict manner
* than \c #to_i.
*/
VALUE
rb_Integer(VALUE val)
{
return rb_convert_to_integer(val, 0, TRUE);
}
VALUE
rb_check_integer_type(VALUE val)
{
return rb_to_integer_with_id_exception(val, "to_int", idTo_int, FALSE);
}
int
rb_bool_expected(VALUE obj, const char *flagname)
{
switch (obj) {
case Qtrue: case Qfalse:
break;
default:
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "expected true or false as %s: %+"PRIsVALUE,
flagname, obj);
}
return obj != Qfalse;
}
int
rb_opts_exception_p(VALUE opts, int default_value)
{
static const ID kwds[1] = {idException};
VALUE exception;
if (rb_get_kwargs(opts, kwds, 0, 1, &exception))
return rb_bool_expected(exception, "exception");
return default_value;
}
#define opts_exception_p(opts) rb_opts_exception_p((opts), TRUE)
/*
* call-seq:
* Integer(arg, base=0, exception: true) -> integer or nil
*
* Converts <i>arg</i> to an Integer.
* Numeric types are converted directly (with floating point numbers
* being truncated). <i>base</i> (0, or between 2 and 36) is a base for
* integer string representation. If <i>arg</i> is a String,
* when <i>base</i> is omitted or equals zero, radix indicators
* (<code>0</code>, <code>0b</code>, and <code>0x</code>) are honored.
* In any case, strings should consist only of one or more digits, except
* for that a sign, one underscore between two digits, and leading/trailing
* spaces are optional. This behavior is different from that of
* String#to_i. Non string values will be converted by first
* trying <code>to_int</code>, then <code>to_i</code>.
*
* Passing <code>nil</code> raises a TypeError, while passing a String that
* does not conform with numeric representation raises an ArgumentError.
* This behavior can be altered by passing <code>exception: false</code>,
* in this case a not convertible value will return <code>nil</code>.
*
* Integer(123.999) #=> 123
* Integer("0x1a") #=> 26
* Integer(Time.new) #=> 1204973019
* Integer("0930", 10) #=> 930
* Integer("111", 2) #=> 7
* Integer(" +1_0 ") #=> 10
* Integer(nil) #=> TypeError: can't convert nil into Integer
* Integer("x") #=> ArgumentError: invalid value for Integer(): "x"
*
* Integer("x", exception: false) #=> nil
*
*/
static VALUE
rb_f_integer(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
{
VALUE arg = Qnil, opts = Qnil;
int base = 0;
if (argc > 1) {
int narg = 1;
VALUE vbase = rb_check_to_int(argv[1]);
if (!NIL_P(vbase)) {
base = NUM2INT(vbase);
narg = 2;
}
if (argc > narg) {
VALUE hash = rb_check_hash_type(argv[argc-1]);
if (!NIL_P(hash)) {
opts = rb_extract_keywords(&hash);
if (!hash) --argc;
}
}
}
rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 2);
arg = argv[0];
return rb_convert_to_integer(arg, base, opts_exception_p(opts));
}
static double
rb_cstr_to_dbl_raise(const char *p, int badcheck, int raise, int *error)
{
const char *q;
char *end;
double d;
const char *ellipsis = "";
int w;
enum {max_width = 20};
#define OutOfRange() ((end - p > max_width) ? \
(w = max_width, ellipsis = "...") : \
(w = (int)(end - p), ellipsis = ""))
if (!p) return 0.0;
q = p;
while (ISSPACE(*p)) p++;
if (!badcheck && p[0] == '0' && (p[1] == 'x' || p[1] == 'X')) {
return 0.0;
}
d = strtod(p, &end);
if (errno == ERANGE) {
OutOfRange();
rb_warning("Float %.*s%s out of range", w, p, ellipsis);
errno = 0;
}
if (p == end) {
if (badcheck) {
goto bad;
}
return d;
}
if (*end) {
char buf[DBL_DIG * 4 + 10];
char *n = buf;
char *const init_e = buf + DBL_DIG * 4;
char *e = init_e;
char prev = 0;
int dot_seen = FALSE;
switch (*p) {case '+': case '-': prev = *n++ = *p++;}
if (*p == '0') {
prev = *n++ = '0';
while (*++p == '0');
}
while (p < end && n < e) prev = *n++ = *p++;
while (*p) {
if (*p == '_') {
/* remove an underscore between digits */
if (n == buf || !ISDIGIT(prev) || (++p, !ISDIGIT(*p))) {
if (badcheck) goto bad;
break;
}
}
prev = *p++;
if (e == init_e && (prev == 'e' || prev == 'E' || prev == 'p' || prev == 'P')) {
e = buf + sizeof(buf) - 1;
*n++ = prev;
switch (*p) {case '+': case '-': prev = *n++ = *p++;}
if (*p == '0') {
prev = *n++ = '0';
while (*++p == '0');
}
continue;
}
else if (ISSPACE(prev)) {
while (ISSPACE(*p)) ++p;
if (*p) {
if (badcheck) goto bad;
break;
}
}
else if (prev == '.' ? dot_seen++ : !ISDIGIT(prev)) {
if (badcheck) goto bad;
break;
}
if (n < e) *n++ = prev;
}
*n = '\0';
p = buf;
if (!badcheck && p[0] == '0' && (p[1] == 'x' || p[1] == 'X')) {
return 0.0;
}
d = strtod(p, &end);
if (errno == ERANGE) {
OutOfRange();
rb_warning("Float %.*s%s out of range", w, p, ellipsis);
errno = 0;
}
if (badcheck) {
if (!end || p == end) goto bad;
while (*end && ISSPACE(*end)) end++;
if (*end) goto bad;
}
}
if (errno == ERANGE) {
errno = 0;
OutOfRange();
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Float %.*s%s out of range", w, q, ellipsis);
}
return d;
bad:
if (raise) {
rb_invalid_str(q, "Float()");
UNREACHABLE_RETURN(nan(""));
}
else {
if (error) *error = 1;
return 0.0;
}
}
/*!
* Parses a string representation of a floating point number.
*
* \param[in] p a string representation of a floating number
* \param[in] badcheck raises an exception on parse error if \a badcheck is non-zero.
* \return the floating point number in the string on success,
* 0.0 on parse error and \a badcheck is zero.
* \note it always fails to parse a hexadecimal representation like "0xAB.CDp+1" when
* \a badcheck is zero, even though it would success if \a badcheck was non-zero.
* This inconsistency is coming from a historical compatibility reason. [ruby-dev:40822]
*/
double
rb_cstr_to_dbl(const char *p, int badcheck)
{
return rb_cstr_to_dbl_raise(p, badcheck, TRUE, NULL);
}
static double
rb_str_to_dbl_raise(VALUE str, int badcheck, int raise, int *error)
{
char *s;
long len;
double ret;
VALUE v = 0;
StringValue(str);
s = RSTRING_PTR(str);
len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
if (s) {
if (badcheck && memchr(s, '\0', len)) {
if (raise)
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "string for Float contains null byte");
else {
if (error) *error = 1;
return 0.0;
}
}
if (s[len]) { /* no sentinel somehow */
char *p = ALLOCV(v, (size_t)len + 1);
MEMCPY(p, s, char, len);
p[len] = '\0';
s = p;
}
}
ret = rb_cstr_to_dbl_raise(s, badcheck, raise, error);
if (v)
ALLOCV_END(v);
return ret;
}
FUNC_MINIMIZED(double rb_str_to_dbl(VALUE str, int badcheck));
/*!
* Parses a string representation of a floating point number.
*
* \param[in] str a \c String object representation of a floating number
* \param[in] badcheck raises an exception on parse error if \a badcheck is non-zero.
* \return the floating point number in the string on success,
* 0.0 on parse error and \a badcheck is zero.
* \note it always fails to parse a hexadecimal representation like "0xAB.CDp+1" when
* \a badcheck is zero, even though it would success if \a badcheck was non-zero.
* This inconsistency is coming from a historical compatibility reason. [ruby-dev:40822]
*/
double
rb_str_to_dbl(VALUE str, int badcheck)
{
return rb_str_to_dbl_raise(str, badcheck, TRUE, NULL);
}
/*! \cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
#define fix2dbl_without_to_f(x) (double)FIX2LONG(x)
#define big2dbl_without_to_f(x) rb_big2dbl(x)
#define int2dbl_without_to_f(x) \
(FIXNUM_P(x) ? fix2dbl_without_to_f(x) : big2dbl_without_to_f(x))
#define num2dbl_without_to_f(x) \
(FIXNUM_P(x) ? fix2dbl_without_to_f(x) : \
RB_TYPE_P(x, T_BIGNUM) ? big2dbl_without_to_f(x) : \
(Check_Type(x, T_FLOAT), RFLOAT_VALUE(x)))
static inline double
rat2dbl_without_to_f(VALUE x)
{
VALUE num = rb_rational_num(x);
VALUE den = rb_rational_den(x);
return num2dbl_without_to_f(num) / num2dbl_without_to_f(den);
}
#define special_const_to_float(val, pre, post) \
switch (val) { \
case Qnil: \
rb_raise_static(rb_eTypeError, pre "nil" post); \
case Qtrue: \
rb_raise_static(rb_eTypeError, pre "true" post); \
case Qfalse: \
rb_raise_static(rb_eTypeError, pre "false" post); \
}
/*! \endcond */
static inline void
conversion_to_float(VALUE val)
{
special_const_to_float(val, "can't convert ", " into Float");
}
static inline void
implicit_conversion_to_float(VALUE val)
{
special_const_to_float(val, "no implicit conversion to float from ", "");
}
static int
to_float(VALUE *valp, int raise_exception)
{
VALUE val = *valp;
if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(val)) {
if (FIXNUM_P(val)) {
*valp = DBL2NUM(fix2dbl_without_to_f(val));
return T_FLOAT;
}
else if (FLONUM_P(val)) {
return T_FLOAT;
}
else if (raise_exception) {
conversion_to_float(val);
}
}
else {
int type = BUILTIN_TYPE(val);
switch (type) {
case T_FLOAT:
return T_FLOAT;
case T_BIGNUM:
*valp = DBL2NUM(big2dbl_without_to_f(val));
return T_FLOAT;
case T_RATIONAL:
*valp = DBL2NUM(rat2dbl_without_to_f(val));
return T_FLOAT;
case T_STRING:
return T_STRING;
}
}
return T_NONE;
}
static VALUE
convert_type_to_float_protected(VALUE val)
{
return rb_convert_type_with_id(val, T_FLOAT, "Float", id_to_f);
}
static VALUE
rb_convert_to_float(VALUE val, int raise_exception)
{
switch (to_float(&val, raise_exception)) {
case T_FLOAT:
return val;
case T_STRING:
if (!raise_exception) {
int e = 0;
double x = rb_str_to_dbl_raise(val, TRUE, raise_exception, &e);
return e ? Qnil : DBL2NUM(x);
}
return DBL2NUM(rb_str_to_dbl(val, TRUE));
case T_NONE:
if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(val) && !raise_exception)
return Qnil;
}
if (!raise_exception) {
int state;
VALUE result = rb_protect(convert_type_to_float_protected, val, &state);
if (state) rb_set_errinfo(Qnil);
return result;
}
return rb_convert_type_with_id(val, T_FLOAT, "Float", id_to_f);
}
FUNC_MINIMIZED(VALUE rb_Float(VALUE val));
/*!
* Equivalent to \c Kernel\#Float in Ruby.
*
* Converts \a val into \c Float in a slightly more strict manner
* than \c #to_f.
*/
VALUE
rb_Float(VALUE val)
{
return rb_convert_to_float(val, TRUE);
}
static VALUE
rb_f_float(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE obj, VALUE arg, VALUE opts)
{
int exception = rb_bool_expected(opts, "exception");
return rb_convert_to_float(arg, exception);
}
static VALUE
numeric_to_float(VALUE val)
{
if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(val, rb_cNumeric)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't convert %"PRIsVALUE" into Float",
rb_obj_class(val));
}
return rb_convert_type_with_id(val, T_FLOAT, "Float", id_to_f);
}
/*!
* Converts a \c Numeric object into \c Float.
* \param[in] val a \c Numeric object
* \exception TypeError if \a val is not a \c Numeric or other conversion failures.
*/
VALUE
rb_to_float(VALUE val)
{
switch (to_float(&val, TRUE)) {
case T_FLOAT:
return val;
}
return numeric_to_float(val);
}
/*!
* Tries to convert an object into \c Float.
* It calls \c #to_f if necessary.
*
* It returns \c Qnil if the object is not a \c Numeric
* or \c #to_f is not defined on the object.
*/
VALUE
rb_check_to_float(VALUE val)
{
if (RB_TYPE_P(val, T_FLOAT)) return val;
if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(val, rb_cNumeric)) {
return Qnil;
}
return rb_check_convert_type_with_id(val, T_FLOAT, "Float", id_to_f);
}
static inline int
basic_to_f_p(VALUE klass)
{
return rb_method_basic_definition_p(klass, id_to_f);
}
/*! \private */
double
rb_num_to_dbl(VALUE val)
{
if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(val)) {
if (FIXNUM_P(val)) {
if (basic_to_f_p(rb_cInteger))
return fix2dbl_without_to_f(val);
}
else if (FLONUM_P(val)) {
return rb_float_flonum_value(val);
}
else {
conversion_to_float(val);
}
}
else {
switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(val)) {
case T_FLOAT:
return rb_float_noflonum_value(val);
case T_BIGNUM:
if (basic_to_f_p(rb_cInteger))
return big2dbl_without_to_f(val);
break;
case T_RATIONAL:
if (basic_to_f_p(rb_cRational))
return rat2dbl_without_to_f(val);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
val = numeric_to_float(val);
return RFLOAT_VALUE(val);
}
/*!
* Converts a \c Numeric object to \c double.
* \param[in] val a \c Numeric object
* \return the converted value
* \exception TypeError if \a val is not a \c Numeric or
* it does not support conversion to a floating point number.
*/
double
rb_num2dbl(VALUE val)
{
if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(val)) {
if (FIXNUM_P(val)) {
return fix2dbl_without_to_f(val);
}
else if (FLONUM_P(val)) {
return rb_float_flonum_value(val);
}
else {
implicit_conversion_to_float(val);
}
}
else {
switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(val)) {
case T_FLOAT:
return rb_float_noflonum_value(val);
case T_BIGNUM:
return big2dbl_without_to_f(val);
case T_RATIONAL:
return rat2dbl_without_to_f(val);
case T_STRING:
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "no implicit conversion to float from string");
default:
break;
}
}
val = rb_convert_type_with_id(val, T_FLOAT, "Float", id_to_f);
return RFLOAT_VALUE(val);
}
/*!
* Equivalent to \c Kernel\#String in Ruby.
*
* Converts \a val into \c String by trying \c #to_str at first and
* then trying \c #to_s.
*/
VALUE
rb_String(VALUE val)
{
VALUE tmp = rb_check_string_type(val);
if (NIL_P(tmp))
tmp = rb_convert_type_with_id(val, T_STRING, "String", idTo_s);
return tmp;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* String(arg) -> string
*
* Returns <i>arg</i> as a String.
*
* First tries to call its <code>to_str</code> method, then its <code>to_s</code> method.
*
* String(self) #=> "main"
* String(self.class) #=> "Object"
* String(123456) #=> "123456"
*/
static VALUE
rb_f_string(VALUE obj, VALUE arg)
{
return rb_String(arg);
}
/*!
* Equivalent to \c Kernel\#Array in Ruby.
*/
VALUE
rb_Array(VALUE val)
{
VALUE tmp = rb_check_array_type(val);
if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
tmp = rb_check_to_array(val);
if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
return rb_ary_new3(1, val);
}
}
return tmp;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* Array(arg) -> array
*
* Returns +arg+ as an Array.
*
* First tries to call <code>to_ary</code> on +arg+, then <code>to_a</code>.
* If +arg+ does not respond to <code>to_ary</code> or <code>to_a</code>,
* returns an Array of length 1 containing +arg+.
*
* If <code>to_ary</code> or <code>to_a</code> returns something other than
* an Array, raises a TypeError.
*
* Array(["a", "b"]) #=> ["a", "b"]
* Array(1..5) #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
* Array(key: :value) #=> [[:key, :value]]
* Array(nil) #=> []
* Array(1) #=> [1]
*/
static VALUE
rb_f_array(VALUE obj, VALUE arg)
{
return rb_Array(arg);
}
/**
* Equivalent to \c Kernel\#Hash in Ruby
*/
VALUE
rb_Hash(VALUE val)
{
VALUE tmp;
if (NIL_P(val)) return rb_hash_new();
tmp = rb_check_hash_type(val);
if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
if (RB_TYPE_P(val, T_ARRAY) && RARRAY_LEN(val) == 0)
return rb_hash_new();
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't convert %s into Hash", rb_obj_classname(val));
}
return tmp;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* Hash(arg) -> hash
*
* Converts <i>arg</i> to a Hash by calling
* <i>arg</i><code>.to_hash</code>. Returns an empty Hash when
* <i>arg</i> is <tt>nil</tt> or <tt>[]</tt>.
*
* Hash([]) #=> {}
* Hash(nil) #=> {}
* Hash(key: :value) #=> {:key => :value}
* Hash([1, 2, 3]) #=> TypeError
*/
static VALUE
rb_f_hash(VALUE obj, VALUE arg)
{
return rb_Hash(arg);
}
/*! \private */
struct dig_method {
VALUE klass;
int basic;
};
static ID id_dig;
static int
dig_basic_p(VALUE obj, struct dig_method *cache)
{
VALUE klass = RBASIC_CLASS(obj);
if (klass != cache->klass) {
cache->klass = klass;
cache->basic = rb_method_basic_definition_p(klass, id_dig);
}
return cache->basic;
}
static void
no_dig_method(int found, VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE data)
{
if (!found) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "%"PRIsVALUE" does not have #dig method",
CLASS_OF(data));
}
}
/*! \private */
VALUE
rb_obj_dig(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj, VALUE notfound)
{
struct dig_method hash = {Qnil}, ary = {Qnil}, strt = {Qnil};
for (; argc > 0; ++argv, --argc) {
if (NIL_P(obj)) return notfound;
if (!SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
case T_HASH:
if (dig_basic_p(obj, &hash)) {
obj = rb_hash_aref(obj, *argv);
continue;
}
break;
case T_ARRAY:
if (dig_basic_p(obj, &ary)) {
obj = rb_ary_at(obj, *argv);
continue;
}
break;
case T_STRUCT:
if (dig_basic_p(obj, &strt)) {
obj = rb_struct_lookup(obj, *argv);
continue;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
return rb_check_funcall_with_hook_kw(obj, id_dig, argc, argv,
no_dig_method, obj,
RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
}
return obj;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* format(format_string [, arguments...] ) -> string
* sprintf(format_string [, arguments...] ) -> string
*
* Returns the string resulting from applying <i>format_string</i> to
* any additional arguments. Within the format string, any characters
* other than format sequences are copied to the result.
*
* The syntax of a format sequence is as follows.
*
* %[flags][width][.precision]type
*
* A format
* sequence consists of a percent sign, followed by optional flags,
* width, and precision indicators, then terminated with a field type
* character. The field type controls how the corresponding
* <code>sprintf</code> argument is to be interpreted, while the flags
* modify that interpretation.
*
* The field type characters are:
*
* Field | Integer Format
* ------+--------------------------------------------------------------
* b | Convert argument as a binary number.
* | Negative numbers will be displayed as a two's complement
* | prefixed with `..1'.
* B | Equivalent to `b', but uses an uppercase 0B for prefix
* | in the alternative format by #.
* d | Convert argument as a decimal number.
* i | Identical to `d'.
* o | Convert argument as an octal number.
* | Negative numbers will be displayed as a two's complement
* | prefixed with `..7'.
* u | Identical to `d'.
* x | Convert argument as a hexadecimal number.
* | Negative numbers will be displayed as a two's complement
* | prefixed with `..f' (representing an infinite string of
* | leading 'ff's).
* X | Equivalent to `x', but uses uppercase letters.
*
* Field | Float Format
* ------+--------------------------------------------------------------
* e | Convert floating point argument into exponential notation
* | with one digit before the decimal point as [-]d.dddddde[+-]dd.
* | The precision specifies the number of digits after the decimal
* | point (defaulting to six).
* E | Equivalent to `e', but uses an uppercase E to indicate
* | the exponent.
* f | Convert floating point argument as [-]ddd.dddddd,
* | where the precision specifies the number of digits after
* | the decimal point.
* g | Convert a floating point number using exponential form
* | if the exponent is less than -4 or greater than or
* | equal to the precision, or in dd.dddd form otherwise.
* | The precision specifies the number of significant digits.
* G | Equivalent to `g', but use an uppercase `E' in exponent form.
* a | Convert floating point argument as [-]0xh.hhhhp[+-]dd,
* | which is consisted from optional sign, "0x", fraction part
* | as hexadecimal, "p", and exponential part as decimal.
* A | Equivalent to `a', but use uppercase `X' and `P'.
*
* Field | Other Format
* ------+--------------------------------------------------------------
* c | Argument is the numeric code for a single character or
* | a single character string itself.
* p | The valuing of argument.inspect.
* s | Argument is a string to be substituted. If the format
* | sequence contains a precision, at most that many characters
* | will be copied.
* % | A percent sign itself will be displayed. No argument taken.
*
* The flags modifies the behavior of the formats.
* The flag characters are:
*
* Flag | Applies to | Meaning
* ---------+---------------+-----------------------------------------
* space | bBdiouxX | Leave a space at the start of
* | aAeEfgG | non-negative numbers.
* | (numeric fmt) | For `o', `x', `X', `b' and `B', use
* | | a minus sign with absolute value for
* | | negative values.
* ---------+---------------+-----------------------------------------
* (digit)$ | all | Specifies the absolute argument number
* | | for this field. Absolute and relative
* | | argument numbers cannot be mixed in a
* | | sprintf string.
* ---------+---------------+-----------------------------------------
* # | bBoxX | Use an alternative format.
* | aAeEfgG | For the conversions `o', increase the precision
* | | until the first digit will be `0' if
* | | it is not formatted as complements.
* | | For the conversions `x', `X', `b' and `B'
* | | on non-zero, prefix the result with ``0x'',
* | | ``0X'', ``0b'' and ``0B'', respectively.
* | | For `a', `A', `e', `E', `f', `g', and 'G',
* | | force a decimal point to be added,
* | | even if no digits follow.
* | | For `g' and 'G', do not remove trailing zeros.
* ---------+---------------+-----------------------------------------
* + | bBdiouxX | Add a leading plus sign to non-negative
* | aAeEfgG | numbers.
* | (numeric fmt) | For `o', `x', `X', `b' and `B', use
* | | a minus sign with absolute value for
* | | negative values.
* ---------+---------------+-----------------------------------------
* - | all | Left-justify the result of this conversion.
* ---------+---------------+-----------------------------------------
* 0 (zero) | bBdiouxX | Pad with zeros, not spaces.
* | aAeEfgG | For `o', `x', `X', `b' and `B', radix-1
* | (numeric fmt) | is used for negative numbers formatted as
* | | complements.
* ---------+---------------+-----------------------------------------
* * | all | Use the next argument as the field width.
* | | If negative, left-justify the result. If the
* | | asterisk is followed by a number and a dollar
* | | sign, use the indicated argument as the width.
*
* Examples of flags:
*
* # `+' and space flag specifies the sign of non-negative numbers.
* sprintf("%d", 123) #=> "123"
* sprintf("%+d", 123) #=> "+123"
* sprintf("% d", 123) #=> " 123"
*
* # `#' flag for `o' increases number of digits to show `0'.
* # `+' and space flag changes format of negative numbers.
* sprintf("%o", 123) #=> "173"
* sprintf("%#o", 123) #=> "0173"
* sprintf("%+o", -123) #=> "-173"
* sprintf("%o", -123) #=> "..7605"
* sprintf("%#o", -123) #=> "..7605"
*
* # `#' flag for `x' add a prefix `0x' for non-zero numbers.
* # `+' and space flag disables complements for negative numbers.
* sprintf("%x", 123) #=> "7b"
* sprintf("%#x", 123) #=> "0x7b"
* sprintf("%+x", -123) #=> "-7b"
* sprintf("%x", -123) #=> "..f85"
* sprintf("%#x", -123) #=> "0x..f85"
* sprintf("%#x", 0) #=> "0"
*
* # `#' for `X' uses the prefix `0X'.
* sprintf("%X", 123) #=> "7B"
* sprintf("%#X", 123) #=> "0X7B"
*
* # `#' flag for `b' add a prefix `0b' for non-zero numbers.
* # `+' and space flag disables complements for negative numbers.
* sprintf("%b", 123) #=> "1111011"
* sprintf("%#b", 123) #=> "0b1111011"
* sprintf("%+b", -123) #=> "-1111011"
* sprintf("%b", -123) #=> "..10000101"
* sprintf("%#b", -123) #=> "0b..10000101"
* sprintf("%#b", 0) #=> "0"
*
* # `#' for `B' uses the prefix `0B'.
* sprintf("%B", 123) #=> "1111011"
* sprintf("%#B", 123) #=> "0B1111011"
*
* # `#' for `e' forces to show the decimal point.
* sprintf("%.0e", 1) #=> "1e+00"
* sprintf("%#.0e", 1) #=> "1.e+00"
*
* # `#' for `f' forces to show the decimal point.
* sprintf("%.0f", 1234) #=> "1234"
* sprintf("%#.0f", 1234) #=> "1234."
*
* # `#' for `g' forces to show the decimal point.
* # It also disables stripping lowest zeros.
* sprintf("%g", 123.4) #=> "123.4"
* sprintf("%#g", 123.4) #=> "123.400"
* sprintf("%g", 123456) #=> "123456"
* sprintf("%#g", 123456) #=> "123456."
*
* The field width is an optional integer, followed optionally by a
* period and a precision. The width specifies the minimum number of
* characters that will be written to the result for this field.
*
* Examples of width:
*
* # padding is done by spaces, width=20
* # 0 or radix-1. <------------------>
* sprintf("%20d", 123) #=> " 123"
* sprintf("%+20d", 123) #=> " +123"
* sprintf("%020d", 123) #=> "00000000000000000123"
* sprintf("%+020d", 123) #=> "+0000000000000000123"
* sprintf("% 020d", 123) #=> " 0000000000000000123"
* sprintf("%-20d", 123) #=> "123 "
* sprintf("%-+20d", 123) #=> "+123 "
* sprintf("%- 20d", 123) #=> " 123 "
* sprintf("%020x", -123) #=> "..ffffffffffffffff85"
*
* For
* numeric fields, the precision controls the number of decimal places
* displayed. For string fields, the precision determines the maximum
* number of characters to be copied from the string. (Thus, the format
* sequence <code>%10.10s</code> will always contribute exactly ten
* characters to the result.)
*
* Examples of precisions:
*
* # precision for `d', 'o', 'x' and 'b' is
* # minimum number of digits <------>
* sprintf("%20.8d", 123) #=> " 00000123"
* sprintf("%20.8o", 123) #=> " 00000173"
* sprintf("%20.8x", 123) #=> " 0000007b"
* sprintf("%20.8b", 123) #=> " 01111011"
* sprintf("%20.8d", -123) #=> " -00000123"
* sprintf("%20.8o", -123) #=> " ..777605"
* sprintf("%20.8x", -123) #=> " ..ffff85"
* sprintf("%20.8b", -11) #=> " ..110101"
*
* # "0x" and "0b" for `#x' and `#b' is not counted for
* # precision but "0" for `#o' is counted. <------>
* sprintf("%#20.8d", 123) #=> " 00000123"
* sprintf("%#20.8o", 123) #=> " 00000173"
* sprintf("%#20.8x", 123) #=> " 0x0000007b"
* sprintf("%#20.8b", 123) #=> " 0b01111011"
* sprintf("%#20.8d", -123) #=> " -00000123"
* sprintf("%#20.8o", -123) #=> " ..777605"
* sprintf("%#20.8x", -123) #=> " 0x..ffff85"
* sprintf("%#20.8b", -11) #=> " 0b..110101"
*
* # precision for `e' is number of
* # digits after the decimal point <------>
* sprintf("%20.8e", 1234.56789) #=> " 1.23456789e+03"
*
* # precision for `f' is number of
* # digits after the decimal point <------>
* sprintf("%20.8f", 1234.56789) #=> " 1234.56789000"
*
* # precision for `g' is number of
* # significant digits <------->
* sprintf("%20.8g", 1234.56789) #=> " 1234.5679"
*
* # <------->
* sprintf("%20.8g", 123456789) #=> " 1.2345679e+08"
*
* # precision for `s' is
* # maximum number of characters <------>
* sprintf("%20.8s", "string test") #=> " string t"
*
* Examples:
*
* sprintf("%d %04x", 123, 123) #=> "123 007b"
* sprintf("%08b '%4s'", 123, 123) #=> "01111011 ' 123'"
* sprintf("%1$*2$s %2$d %1$s", "hello", 8) #=> " hello 8 hello"
* sprintf("%1$*2$s %2$d", "hello", -8) #=> "hello -8"
* sprintf("%+g:% g:%-g", 1.23, 1.23, 1.23) #=> "+1.23: 1.23:1.23"
* sprintf("%u", -123) #=> "-123"
*
* For more complex formatting, Ruby supports a reference by name.
* %<name>s style uses format style, but %{name} style doesn't.
*
* Examples:
* sprintf("%<foo>d : %<bar>f", { :foo => 1, :bar => 2 })
* #=> 1 : 2.000000
* sprintf("%{foo}f", { :foo => 1 })
* # => "1f"
*/
static VALUE
f_sprintf(int c, const VALUE *v, VALUE _)
{
return rb_f_sprintf(c, v);
}
/*
* Document-class: Class
*
* Classes in Ruby are first-class objects---each is an instance of
* class Class.
*
* Typically, you create a new class by using:
*
* class Name
* # some code describing the class behavior
* end
*
* When a new class is created, an object of type Class is initialized and
* assigned to a global constant (Name in this case).
*
* When <code>Name.new</code> is called to create a new object, the
* #new method in Class is run by default.
* This can be demonstrated by overriding #new in Class:
*
* class Class
* alias old_new new
* def new(*args)
* print "Creating a new ", self.name, "\n"
* old_new(*args)
* end
* end
*
* class Name
* end
*
* n = Name.new
*
* <em>produces:</em>
*
* Creating a new Name
*
* Classes, modules, and objects are interrelated. In the diagram
* that follows, the vertical arrows represent inheritance, and the
* parentheses metaclasses. All metaclasses are instances
* of the class `Class'.
* +---------+ +-...
* | | |
* BasicObject-----|-->(BasicObject)-------|-...
* ^ | ^ |
* | | | |
* Object---------|----->(Object)---------|-...
* ^ | ^ |
* | | | |
* +-------+ | +--------+ |
* | | | | | |
* | Module-|---------|--->(Module)-|-...
* | ^ | | ^ |
* | | | | | |
* | Class-|---------|---->(Class)-|-...
* | ^ | | ^ |
* | +---+ | +----+
* | |
* obj--->OtherClass---------->(OtherClass)-----------...
*
*/
/* Document-class: BasicObject
*
* BasicObject is the parent class of all classes in Ruby. It's an explicit
* blank class.
*
* BasicObject can be used for creating object hierarchies independent of
* Ruby's object hierarchy, proxy objects like the Delegator class, or other
* uses where namespace pollution from Ruby's methods and classes must be
* avoided.
*
* To avoid polluting BasicObject for other users an appropriately named
* subclass of BasicObject should be created instead of directly modifying
* BasicObject:
*
* class MyObjectSystem < BasicObject
* end
*
* BasicObject does not include Kernel (for methods like +puts+) and
* BasicObject is outside of the namespace of the standard library so common
* classes will not be found without using a full class path.
*
* A variety of strategies can be used to provide useful portions of the
* standard library to subclasses of BasicObject. A subclass could
* <code>include Kernel</code> to obtain +puts+, +exit+, etc. A custom
* Kernel-like module could be created and included or delegation can be used
* via #method_missing:
*
* class MyObjectSystem < BasicObject
* DELEGATE = [:puts, :p]
*
* def method_missing(name, *args, &block)
* return super unless DELEGATE.include? name
* ::Kernel.send(name, *args, &block)
* end
*
* def respond_to_missing?(name, include_private = false)
* DELEGATE.include?(name) or super
* end
* end
*
* Access to classes and modules from the Ruby standard library can be
* obtained in a BasicObject subclass by referencing the desired constant
* from the root like <code>::File</code> or <code>::Enumerator</code>.
* Like #method_missing, #const_missing can be used to delegate constant
* lookup to +Object+:
*
* class MyObjectSystem < BasicObject
* def self.const_missing(name)
* ::Object.const_get(name)
* end
* end
*
* === What's Here
*
* These are the methods defined for \BasicObject:
*
* - ::new:: Returns a new \BasicObject instance.
* - {!}[#method-i-21]:: Returns the boolean negation of +self+: +true+ or +false+.
* - {!=}[#method-i-21-3D]:: Returns whether +self+ and the given object
* are _not_ equal.
* - {==}[#method-i-3D-3D]:: Returns whether +self+ and the given object
* are equivalent.
* - {__id__}[#method-i-__id__]:: Returns the integer object identifier for +self+.
* - {__send__}[#method-i-__send__]:: Calls the method identified by the given symbol.
* - #equal?:: Returns whether +self+ and the given object are the same object.
* - #instance_eval:: Evaluates the given string or block in the context of +self+.
* - #instance_exec:: Executes the given block in the context of +self+,
* passing the given arguments.
* - #method_missing:: Method called when an undefined method is called on +self+.
* - #singleton_method_added:: Method called when a singleton method
* is added to +self+.
* - #singleton_method_removed:: Method called when a singleton method
* is added removed from +self+.
* - #singleton_method_undefined:: Method called when a singleton method
* is undefined in +self+.
*
*/
/* Document-class: Object
*
* Object is the default root of all Ruby objects. Object inherits from
* BasicObject which allows creating alternate object hierarchies. Methods
* on Object are available to all classes unless explicitly overridden.
*
* Object mixes in the Kernel module, making the built-in kernel functions
* globally accessible. Although the instance methods of Object are defined
* by the Kernel module, we have chosen to document them here for clarity.
*
* When referencing constants in classes inheriting from Object you do not
* need to use the full namespace. For example, referencing +File+ inside
* +YourClass+ will find the top-level File class.
*
* In the descriptions of Object's methods, the parameter <i>symbol</i> refers
* to a symbol, which is either a quoted string or a Symbol (such as
* <code>:name</code>).
*
* == What's Here
*
* First, what's elsewhere. \Class \Object:
*
* - Inherits from {class BasicObject}[BasicObject.html#class-BasicObject-label-What-27s+Here].
* - Includes {module Kernel}[Kernel.html#module-Kernel-label-What-27s+Here].
*
* Here, class \Object provides methods for:
*
* - {Querying}[#class-Object-label-Querying]
* - {Instance Variables}[#class-Object-label-Instance+Variables]
* - {Other}[#class-Object-label-Other]
*
* === Querying
*
* - {!~}[#method-i-21~]:: Returns +true+ if +self+ does not match the given object,
* otherwise +false+.
* - {<=>}[#method-i-3C-3D-3E]:: Returns 0 if +self+ and the given object +object+
* are the same object, or if
* <tt>self == object</tt>; otherwise returns +nil+.
* - #===:: Implements case equality, effectively the same as calling #==.
* - #eql?:: Implements hash equality, effectively the same as calling #==.
* - #kind_of? (aliased as #is_a?):: Returns whether given argument is an ancestor
* of the singleton class of +self+.
* - #instance_of?:: Returns whether +self+ is an instance of the given class.
* - #instance_variable_defined?:: Returns whether the given instance variable
* is defined in +self+.
* - #method:: Returns the Method object for the given method in +self+.
* - #methods:: Returns an array of symbol names of public and protected methods
* in +self+.
* - #nil?:: Returns +false+. (Only +nil+ responds +true+ to method <tt>nil?</tt>.)
* - #object_id:: Returns an integer corresponding to +self+ that is unique
* for the current process
* - #private_methods:: Returns an array of the symbol names
* of the private methods in +self+.
* - #protected_methods:: Returns an array of the symbol names
* of the protected methods in +self+.
* - #public_method:: Returns the Method object for the given public method in +self+.
* - #public_methods:: Returns an array of the symbol names
* of the public methods in +self+.
* - #respond_to?:: Returns whether +self+ responds to the given method.
* - #singleton_class:: Returns the singleton class of +self+.
* - #singleton_method:: Returns the Method object for the given singleton method
* in +self+.
* - #singleton_methods:: Returns an array of the symbol names
* of the singleton methods in +self+.
*
* - #define_singleton_method:: Defines a singleton method in +self+
* for the given symbol method-name and block or proc.
* - #extend:: Includes the given modules in the singleton class of +self+.
* - #public_send:: Calls the given public method in +self+ with the given argument.
* - #send:: Calls the given method in +self+ with the given argument.
*
* === Instance Variables
*
* - #instance_variable_get:: Returns the value of the given instance variable
* in +self+, or +nil+ if the instance variable is not set.
* - #instance_variable_set:: Sets the value of the given instance variable in +self+
* to the given object.
* - #instance_variables:: Returns an array of the symbol names
* of the instance variables in +self+.
* - #remove_instance_variable:: Removes the named instance variable from +self+.
*
* === Other
*
* - #clone:: Returns a shallow copy of +self+, including singleton class
* and frozen state.
* - #define_singleton_method:: Defines a singleton method in +self+
* for the given symbol method-name and block or proc.
* - #display:: Prints +self+ to the given \IO stream or <tt>$stdout</tt>.
* - #dup:: Returns a shallow unfrozen copy of +self+.
* - #enum_for (aliased as #to_enum):: Returns an Enumerator for +self+
* using the using the given method,
* arguments, and block.
* - #extend:: Includes the given modules in the singleton class of +self+.
* - #freeze:: Prevents further modifications to +self+.
* - #hash:: Returns the integer hash value for +self+.
* - #inspect:: Returns a human-readable string representation of +self+.
* - #itself:: Returns +self+.
* - #public_send:: Calls the given public method in +self+ with the given argument.
* - #send:: Calls the given method in +self+ with the given argument.
* - #to_s:: Returns a string representation of +self+.
*
*/
/*!
*--
* \private
* Initializes the world of objects and classes.
*
* At first, the function bootstraps the class hierarchy.
* It initializes the most fundamental classes and their metaclasses.
* - \c BasicObject
* - \c Object
* - \c Module
* - \c Class
* After the bootstrap step, the class hierarchy becomes as the following
* diagram.
*
* \image html boottime-classes.png
*
* Then, the function defines classes, modules and methods as usual.
* \ingroup class
*++
*/
void
InitVM_Object(void)
{
Init_class_hierarchy();
#if 0
// teach RDoc about these classes
rb_cBasicObject = rb_define_class("BasicObject", Qnil);
rb_cObject = rb_define_class("Object", rb_cBasicObject);
rb_cModule = rb_define_class("Module", rb_cObject);
rb_cClass = rb_define_class("Class", rb_cModule);
#endif
rb_define_private_method(rb_cBasicObject, "initialize", rb_obj_initialize, 0);
rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cBasicObject, rb_class_allocate_instance);
rb_define_method(rb_cBasicObject, "==", rb_obj_equal, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cBasicObject, "equal?", rb_obj_equal, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cBasicObject, "!", rb_obj_not, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cBasicObject, "!=", rb_obj_not_equal, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cBasicObject, "singleton_method_added", rb_obj_singleton_method_added, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cBasicObject, "singleton_method_removed", rb_obj_singleton_method_removed, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cBasicObject, "singleton_method_undefined", rb_obj_singleton_method_undefined, 1);
/* Document-module: Kernel
*
* The Kernel module is included by class Object, so its methods are
* available in every Ruby object.
*
* The Kernel instance methods are documented in class Object while the
* module methods are documented here. These methods are called without a
* receiver and thus can be called in functional form:
*
* sprintf "%.1f", 1.234 #=> "1.2"
*
* == What's Here
*
* \Module \Kernel provides methods that are useful for:
*
* - {Converting}[#module-Kernel-label-Converting]
* - {Querying}[#module-Kernel-label-Querying]
* - {Exiting}[#module-Kernel-label-Exiting]
* - {Exceptions}[#module-Kernel-label-Exceptions]
* - {IO}[#module-Kernel-label-IO]
* - {Procs}[#module-Kernel-label-Procs]
* - {Tracing}[#module-Kernel-label-Tracing]
* - {Subprocesses}[#module-Kernel-label-Subprocesses]
* - {Loading}[#module-Kernel-label-Loading]
* - {Yielding}[#module-Kernel-label-Yielding]
* - {Random Values}[#module-Kernel-label-Random+Values]
* - {Other}[#module-Kernel-label-Other]
*
* === Converting
*
* - {#Array}[#method-i-Array]:: Returns an Array based on the given argument.
* - {#Complex}[#method-i-Complex]:: Returns a Complex based on the given arguments.
* - {#Float}[#method-i-Float]:: Returns a Float based on the given arguments.
* - {#Hash}[#method-i-Hash]:: Returns a Hash based on the given argument.
* - {#Integer}[#method-i-Integer]:: Returns an Integer based on the given arguments.
* - {#Rational}[#method-i-Rational]:: Returns a Rational
* based on the given arguments.
* - {#String}[#method-i-String]:: Returns a String based on the given argument.
*
* === Querying
*
* - {#__callee__}[#method-i-__callee__]:: Returns the called name
* of the current method as a symbol.
* - {#__dir__}[#method-i-__dir__]:: Returns the path to the directory
* from which the current method is called.
* - {#__method__}[#method-i-__method__]:: Returns the name
* of the current method as a symbol.
* - #autoload?:: Returns the file to be loaded when the given module is referenced.
* - #binding:: Returns a Binding for the context at the point of call.
* - #block_given?:: Returns +true+ if a block was passed to the calling method.
* - #caller:: Returns the current execution stack as an array of strings.
* - #caller_locations:: Returns the current execution stack as an array
* of Thread::Backtrace::Location objects.
* - #class:: Returns the class of +self+.
* - #frozen?:: Returns whether +self+ is frozen.
* - #global_variables:: Returns an array of global variables as symbols.
* - #local_variables:: Returns an array of local variables as symbols.
* - #test:: Performs specified tests on the given single file or pair of files.
*
* === Exiting
*
* - #abort:: Exits the current process after printing the given arguments.
* - #at_exit:: Executes the given block when the process exits.
* - #exit:: Exits the current process after calling any registered
* +at_exit+ handlers.
* - #exit!:: Exits the current process without calling any registered
* +at_exit+ handlers.
*
* === Exceptions
*
* - #catch:: Executes the given block, possibly catching a thrown object.
* - #raise (aliased as #fail):: Raises an exception based on the given arguments.
* - #throw:: Returns from the active catch block waiting for the given tag.
*
*
* === \IO
*
* - #gets:: Returns and assigns to <tt>$_</tt> the next line from the current input.
* - #open:: Creates an IO object connected to the given stream, file, or subprocess.
* - #p:: Prints the given objects' inspect output to the standard output.
* - #pp:: Prints the given objects in pretty form.
* - #print:: Prints the given objects to standard output without a newline.
* - #printf:: Prints the string resulting from applying the given format string
* to any additional arguments.
* - #putc:: Equivalent to <tt.$stdout.putc(object)</tt> for the given object.
* - #puts:: Equivalent to <tt>$stdout.puts(*objects)</tt> for the given objects.
* - #readline:: Similar to #gets, but raises an exception at the end of file.
* - #readlines:: Returns an array of the remaining lines from the current input.
* - #select:: Same as IO.select.
*
* === Procs
*
* - #lambda:: Returns a lambda proc for the given block.
* - #proc:: Returns a new Proc; equivalent to Proc.new.
*
* === Tracing
*
* - #set_trace_func:: Sets the given proc as the handler for tracing,
* or disables tracing if given +nil+.
* - #trace_var:: Starts tracing assignments to the given global variable.
* - #untrace_var:: Disables tracing of assignments to the given global variable.
*
* === Subprocesses
*
* - #`cmd`:: Returns the standard output of running +cmd+ in a subshell.
* - #exec:: Replaces current process with a new process.
* - #fork:: Forks the current process into two processes.
* - #spawn:: Executes the given command and returns its pid without waiting
* for completion.
* - #system:: Executes the given command in a subshell.
*
* === Loading
*
* - #autoload:: Registers the given file to be loaded when the given constant
* is first referenced.
* - #load:: Loads the given Ruby file.
* - #require:: Loads the given Ruby file unless it has already been loaded.
* - #require_relative:: Loads the Ruby file path relative to the calling file,
* unless it has already been loaded.
*
* === Yielding
*
* - #tap:: Yields +self+ to the given block; returns +self+.
* - #then (aliased as #yield_self):: Yields +self+ to the block
* and returns the result of the block.
*
* === \Random Values
*
* - #rand:: Returns a pseudo-random floating point number
* strictly between 0.0 and 1.0.
* - #srand:: Seeds the pseudo-random number generator with the given number.
*
* === Other
*
* - #eval:: Evaluates the given string as Ruby code.
* - #loop:: Repeatedly executes the given block.
* - #sleep:: Suspends the current thread for the given number of seconds.
* - #sprintf (aliased as #format):: Returns the string resulting from applying
* the given format string
* to any additional arguments.
* - #syscall:: Runs an operating system call.
* - #trap:: Specifies the handling of system signals.
* - #warn:: Issue a warning based on the given messages and options.
*
*/
rb_mKernel = rb_define_module("Kernel");
rb_include_module(rb_cObject, rb_mKernel);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cClass, "inherited", rb_obj_class_inherited, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cModule, "included", rb_obj_mod_included, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cModule, "extended", rb_obj_mod_extended, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cModule, "prepended", rb_obj_mod_prepended, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cModule, "method_added", rb_obj_mod_method_added, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cModule, "method_removed", rb_obj_mod_method_removed, 1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cModule, "method_undefined", rb_obj_mod_method_undefined, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "nil?", rb_false, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "===", case_equal, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "=~", rb_obj_match, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "!~", rb_obj_not_match, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "eql?", rb_obj_equal, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "hash", rb_obj_hash, 0); /* in hash.c */
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "<=>", rb_obj_cmp, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "singleton_class", rb_obj_singleton_class, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "dup", rb_obj_dup, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "itself", rb_obj_itself, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "initialize_copy", rb_obj_init_copy, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "initialize_dup", rb_obj_init_dup_clone, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "initialize_clone", rb_obj_init_clone, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "taint", rb_obj_taint, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "tainted?", rb_obj_tainted, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "untaint", rb_obj_untaint, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "untrust", rb_obj_untrust, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "untrusted?", rb_obj_untrusted, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "trust", rb_obj_trust, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "freeze", rb_obj_freeze, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "to_s", rb_any_to_s, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "inspect", rb_obj_inspect, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "methods", rb_obj_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "singleton_methods", rb_obj_singleton_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "protected_methods", rb_obj_protected_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "private_methods", rb_obj_private_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "public_methods", rb_obj_public_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "instance_variables", rb_obj_instance_variables, 0); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "instance_variable_get", rb_obj_ivar_get, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "instance_variable_set", rb_obj_ivar_set, 2);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "instance_variable_defined?", rb_obj_ivar_defined, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "remove_instance_variable",
rb_obj_remove_instance_variable, 1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "instance_of?", rb_obj_is_instance_of, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "kind_of?", rb_obj_is_kind_of, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "is_a?", rb_obj_is_kind_of, 1);
rb_define_global_function("sprintf", f_sprintf, -1);
rb_define_global_function("format", f_sprintf, -1);
rb_define_global_function("Integer", rb_f_integer, -1);
rb_define_global_function("String", rb_f_string, 1);
rb_define_global_function("Array", rb_f_array, 1);
rb_define_global_function("Hash", rb_f_hash, 1);
rb_cNilClass = rb_define_class("NilClass", rb_cObject);
rb_cNilClass_to_s = rb_fstring_enc_lit("", rb_usascii_encoding());
rb_gc_register_mark_object(rb_cNilClass_to_s);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "to_s", nil_to_s, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "to_a", nil_to_a, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "to_h", nil_to_h, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "inspect", nil_inspect, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "=~", nil_match, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "&", false_and, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "|", false_or, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "^", false_xor, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "===", case_equal, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cNilClass, "nil?", rb_true, 0);
rb_undef_alloc_func(rb_cNilClass);
rb_undef_method(CLASS_OF(rb_cNilClass), "new");
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "freeze", rb_mod_freeze, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "===", rb_mod_eqq, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "==", rb_obj_equal, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "<=>", rb_mod_cmp, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "<", rb_mod_lt, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "<=", rb_class_inherited_p, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, ">", rb_mod_gt, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, ">=", rb_mod_ge, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "initialize_copy", rb_mod_init_copy, 1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "to_s", rb_mod_to_s, 0);
rb_define_alias(rb_cModule, "inspect", "to_s");
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "included_modules", rb_mod_included_modules, 0); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "include?", rb_mod_include_p, 1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "name", rb_mod_name, 0); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "ancestors", rb_mod_ancestors, 0); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "attr", rb_mod_attr, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "attr_reader", rb_mod_attr_reader, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "attr_writer", rb_mod_attr_writer, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "attr_accessor", rb_mod_attr_accessor, -1);
rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cModule, rb_module_s_alloc);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "initialize", rb_mod_initialize, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "initialize_clone", rb_mod_initialize_clone, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "instance_methods", rb_class_instance_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "public_instance_methods",
rb_class_public_instance_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "protected_instance_methods",
rb_class_protected_instance_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "private_instance_methods",
rb_class_private_instance_methods, -1); /* in class.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "constants", rb_mod_constants, -1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "const_get", rb_mod_const_get, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "const_set", rb_mod_const_set, 2);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "const_defined?", rb_mod_const_defined, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "const_source_location", rb_mod_const_source_location, -1);
rb_define_private_method(rb_cModule, "remove_const",
rb_mod_remove_const, 1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "const_missing",
rb_mod_const_missing, 1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "class_variables",
rb_mod_class_variables, -1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "remove_class_variable",
rb_mod_remove_cvar, 1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "class_variable_get", rb_mod_cvar_get, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "class_variable_set", rb_mod_cvar_set, 2);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "class_variable_defined?", rb_mod_cvar_defined, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "public_constant", rb_mod_public_constant, -1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "private_constant", rb_mod_private_constant, -1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "deprecate_constant", rb_mod_deprecate_constant, -1); /* in variable.c */
rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "singleton_class?", rb_mod_singleton_p, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cClass, "allocate", rb_class_alloc_m, 0);
rb_define_method(rb_cClass, "new", rb_class_new_instance_pass_kw, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_cClass, "initialize", rb_class_initialize, -1);
rb_define_method(rb_cClass, "superclass", rb_class_superclass, 0);
rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cClass, rb_class_s_alloc);
rb_undef_method(rb_cClass, "extend_object");
rb_undef_method(rb_cClass, "append_features");
rb_undef_method(rb_cClass, "prepend_features");
rb_cTrueClass = rb_define_class("TrueClass", rb_cObject);
rb_cTrueClass_to_s = rb_fstring_enc_lit("true", rb_usascii_encoding());
rb_gc_register_mark_object(rb_cTrueClass_to_s);
rb_define_method(rb_cTrueClass, "to_s", true_to_s, 0);
rb_define_alias(rb_cTrueClass, "inspect", "to_s");
rb_define_method(rb_cTrueClass, "&", true_and, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cTrueClass, "|", true_or, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cTrueClass, "^", true_xor, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cTrueClass, "===", case_equal, 1);
rb_undef_alloc_func(rb_cTrueClass);
rb_undef_method(CLASS_OF(rb_cTrueClass), "new");
rb_cFalseClass = rb_define_class("FalseClass", rb_cObject);
rb_cFalseClass_to_s = rb_fstring_enc_lit("false", rb_usascii_encoding());
rb_gc_register_mark_object(rb_cFalseClass_to_s);
rb_define_method(rb_cFalseClass, "to_s", false_to_s, 0);
rb_define_alias(rb_cFalseClass, "inspect", "to_s");
rb_define_method(rb_cFalseClass, "&", false_and, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cFalseClass, "|", false_or, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cFalseClass, "^", false_xor, 1);
rb_define_method(rb_cFalseClass, "===", case_equal, 1);
rb_undef_alloc_func(rb_cFalseClass);
rb_undef_method(CLASS_OF(rb_cFalseClass), "new");
}
#include "kernel.rbinc"
#include "nilclass.rbinc"
void
Init_Object(void)
{
id_dig = rb_intern_const("dig");
InitVM(Object);
}
/*!
* \}
*/