math: handle int64 overflows for odd integer exponents in Pow(-0, y) #57494
+24
−3
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The existing implementation does a float64 to int64 conversion in order to check whether the number is odd, however it does not check for overflows. If an overflow occurs, the result is implementation-defined and while it happens to work on amd64 and i386, it produces an incorrect result on arm64 and possibly other architectures.
This change fixes that and also avoids calling isOddInt altogether if the base is +0, because it's unnecessary.
(I was considering avoiding the extra check if runtime.GOARCH is "amd64" or "i386", but I can't see this pattern being used anywhere outside the tests. And having separate files with build tags just for isOddInt() seems like an overkill)
Fixes #57465