Mitochondria, best known for converting nutrients into energy, also generate superoxide and hydrogen peroxide — redox signalling molecules that become harmful when overproduced. Research reveals that such overproduction is not random, but rather occurs at a specific site in one mitochondrial enzyme, opening the door to targeted therapies for metabolic diseases.

Metamaterials made of magnetic photonic crystals have been generated and tuned to a theoretically predicted transition point at which peculiar optical properties emerge. For example, when light is shone on a slab of the material, some of it is reflected back as a spatio-temporal vortex.

An analysis of millions of scientific papers and patents shows that the further a researcher or inventor moves from their previous work, the less cited their latest work will be.

Endosomes are sorting centres inside cells that decide where to deliver materials that are taken from outside or from other parts of the cell. A comprehensive map of endosomal proteins uncovers new components, and reveals the assembly and architecture of hundreds of molecular machines that work together in the endosomal system.