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Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that are not translated into protein products. Different classes of non-coding RNAs participate in different cellular processes; for example, gene expression regulation (miRNAs, piRNAs, lncRNAs), RNA maturation (snRNAs, snoRNAs) and protein synthesis (rRNAs, tRNAs).
RNA modifications influence gene regulation and disease. Here, the authors show that YTHDF2 recognizes m6A-modified U6 snRNA to prevent aberrant TLR3 activation to inhibit inflammation and skin cancer development.
A preprint by Rivera et al. explores how retroelement expression establishes a tolerogenic environment towards food antigens in the gut, shedding new insights into the immune regulatory role of retroelements.
In this Tools of the Trade article, Okuda and Kessler (Müller-McNicoll and Heilemann labs) discuss how the combination of two novel methods enabled them to study the architecture and interaction of nuclear membraneless organelles.
Birds use a unique mechanism to balance gene expression from their sex chromosomes. MiR-2954 is a microRNA that suppresses specific target genes, preventing them from being overexpressed in male birds and ensuring the males’ survival. It is not required in females.
