William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare
was an English poet, playwright, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the
English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.[2] He is often called
England'snational poet and the "Bard of Avon".[3][nb 2] His extant works, including
some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays,[nb 3] 154 sonnets, two long narrative
poems, and a few other verses, of which the authorship of some is uncertain. His plays
have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than
those of any other playwright.[4]
Shakespeare was born and brought up in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he
married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet
and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor,
writer, and part-owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later
known as the King's Men. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613 at age 49,
where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and
there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance,
sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by
others.[5]
Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613.[6][nb 4] His
early plays were mainly comedies and historiesand these works remain regarded as some
of the best work produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about
1608, including Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest
works in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as
romances, and collaborated with other playwrights.