Answerstoexercisesgivenin9DEC2011batchrelatedtoHRSchemainOracleDatabase

11g
HerearetheanswerstoexcercisesrelatedtoqueriesandPL/SQLprogramsgivenin9DEC2011OracleDatabase11gbatch.
ThefollowingisthestructureofthetablesprovidedbyOracleinHumanResourceSchema(HR).

Note:ColumnsinREDcolorindicateprimarykey(s).

Queries
1. Displaydetailsofjobswheretheminimumsalaryisgreaterthan10000.
SELECT*FROMJOBSWHEREMIN_SALARY>10000
2. Displaythefirstnameandjoindateoftheemployeeswhojoinedbetween2002and2005.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,HIRE_DATEFROMEMPLOYEES
WHERETO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')BETWEEN2002AND2005ORDERBYHIRE_DATE
3. DisplayfirstnameandjoindateoftheemployeeswhoiseitherITProgrammerorSalesMan.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,HIRE_DATE
FROMEMPLOYEESWHEREJOB_IDIN('IT_PROG','SA_MAN')
4. Displayemployeeswhojoinedafter1stJanuary2008.
SELECT*FROMEMPLOYEESwherehire_date>'01jan2008'
5. DisplaydetailsofemployeewithID150or160.
SELECT*FROMEMPLOYEESWHEREEMPLOYEE_IDin(150,160)
6. Displayfirstname,salary,commissionpct,andhiredateforemployeeswithsalarylessthan10000.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,SALARY,COMMISSION_PCT,HIRE_DATEFROMEMPLOYEESWHERESALARY<10000
7. DisplayjobTitle,thedifferencebetweenminimumandmaximumsalariesforjobswithmaxsalaryintherange10000to20000.
SELECTJOB_TITLE,MAX_SALARYMIN_SALARYDIFFERENCEFROMJOBSWHEREMAX_SALARYBETWEEN10000AND20000
8. Displayfirstname,salary,androundthesalarytothousands.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,SALARY,ROUND(SALARY,3)FROMEMPLOYEES
9. Displaydetailsofjobsinthedescendingorderofthetitle.

SELECT*FROMJOBSORDERBYJOB_TITLE
10. DisplayemployeeswherethefirstnameorlastnamestartswithS.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,LAST_NAMEFROMEMPLOYEESWHEREFIRST_NAMELIKE'S%'ORLAST_NAMELIKE'S%'
11. DisplayemployeeswhojoinedinthemonthofMay.
SELECT*FROMEMPLOYEESWHERETO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MON')='MAY'
12. Displaydetailsoftheemployeeswherecommissionpercentageisnullandsalaryintherange5000to10000anddepartmentis30.
SELECT*FROMEMPLOYEESWHERECOMMISSION_PCTISNULLANDSALARYBETWEEN5000AND10000ANDDEPARTMENT_ID=30
13. Displayfirstnameanddateoffirstsalaryoftheemployees.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,HIRE_DATE,LAST_DAY(HIRE_DATE)+1FROMEMPLOYEES
14. Displayfirstnameandexperienceoftheemployees.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,HIRE_DATE,FLOOR((SYSDATEHIRE_DATE)/365)FROMEMPLOYEES
15. Displayfirstnameofemployeeswhojoinedin2001.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,HIRE_DATEFROMEMPLOYEESWHERETO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')=2001
16. Displayfirstnameandlastnameafterconvertingthefirstletterofeachnametouppercaseandtheresttolowercase.
SELECTINITCAP(FIRST_NAME),INITCAP(LAST_NAME)FROMEMPLOYEES
17. Displaythefirstwordinjobtitle.
SELECTJOB_TITLE,SUBSTR(JOB_TITLE,1,INSTR(JOB_TITLE,'')1)FROMJOBS
18. Displaythelengthoffirstnameforemployeeswherelastnamecontaincharacterbafter3rdposition.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,LAST_NAMEFROMEMPLOYEESWHEREINSTR(LAST_NAME,'B')>3
19. Displayfirstnameinuppercaseandemailaddressinlowercaseforemployeeswherethefirstnameandemailaddressaresameirrespectiveofthe
case.
SELECTUPPER(FIRST_NAME),LOWER(EMAIL)FROMEMPLOYEESWHEREUPPER(FIRST_NAME)=UPPER(EMAIL)
20. Displayemployeeswhojoinedinthecurrentyear.
SELECT*FROMEMPLOYEESWHERETO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY')
21. Displaythenumberofdaysbetweensystemdateand1stJanuary2011.
SELECTSYSDATEto_date('01jan2011')FROMDUAL
22. Displayhowmanyemployeesjoinedineachmonthofthecurrentyear.
SELECTTO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MM'),COUNT(*)FROMEMPLOYEES
WHERETO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY')GROUPBYTO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MM')
23. DisplaymanagerIDandnumberofemployeesmanagedbythemanager.
SELECTMANAGER_ID,COUNT(*)FROMEMPLOYEESGROUPBYMANAGER_ID
24. DisplayemployeeIDandthedateonwhichheendedhispreviousjob.
SELECTEMPLOYEE_ID,MAX(END_DATE)FROMJOB_HISTORYGROUPBYEMPLOYEE_ID
25. Displaynumberofemployeesjoinedafter15thofthemonth.
SELECTCOUNT(*)FROMEMPLOYEESWHERETO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'DD')>15
26. DisplaythecountryIDandnumberofcitieswehaveinthecountry.
SELECTCOUNTRY_ID,COUNT(*)FROMLOCATIONSGROUPBYCOUNTRY_ID
27. Displayaveragesalaryofemployeesineachdepartmentwhohavecommissionpercentage.

SELECTDEPARTMENT_ID,AVG(SALARY)FROMEMPLOYEES
WHERECOMMISSION_PCTISNOTNULLGROUPBYDEPARTMENT_ID
28. DisplayjobID,numberofemployees,sumofsalary,anddifferencebetweenhighestsalaryandlowestsalaryoftheemployeesofthejob.
SELECTJOB_ID,COUNT(*),SUM(SALARY),MAX(SALARY)MIN(SALARY)SALARYFROMEMPLOYEESGROUPBYJOB_ID
29. DisplayjobIDforjobswithaveragesalarymorethan10000.
SELECTJOB_ID,AVG(SALARY)FROMEMPLOYEES
GROUPBYJOB_ID
HAVINGAVG(SALARY)>10000
30. Displayyearsinwhichmorethan10employeesjoined.
SELECTTO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')FROMEMPLOYEES
GROUPBYTO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')
HAVINGCOUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID)>10
31. Displaydepartmentsinwhichmorethanfiveemployeeshavecommissionpercentage.
SELECTDEPARTMENT_IDFROMEMPLOYEES
WHERECOMMISSION_PCTISNOTNULL
GROUPBYDEPARTMENT_ID
HAVINGCOUNT(COMMISSION_PCT)>5
32. DisplayemployeeIDforemployeeswhodidmorethanonejobinthepast.
SELECTEMPLOYEE_IDFROMJOB_HISTORYGROUPBYEMPLOYEE_IDHAVINGCOUNT(*)>1
33. DisplayjobIDofjobsthatweredonebymorethan3employeesformorethan100days.
SELECTJOB_IDFROMJOB_HISTORY
WHEREEND_DATESTART_DATE>100
GROUPBYJOB_ID
HAVINGCOUNT(*)>3
34. DisplaydepartmentID,year,andNumberofemployeesjoined.
SELECTDEPARTMENT_ID,TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY'),COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID)
FROMEMPLOYEES
GROUPBYDEPARTMENT_ID,TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')
ORDERBYDEPARTMENT_ID
35. Displaydepartmentswhereanymanagerismanagingmorethan5employees.
SELECTDISTINCTDEPARTMENT_ID
FROMEMPLOYEES
GROUPBYDEPARTMENT_ID,MANAGER_ID
HAVINGCOUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID)>5
36. Changesalaryofemployee115to8000iftheexistingsalaryislessthan6000.
UPDATEEMPLOYEESSETSALARY=8000WHEREEMPLOYEE_ID=115ANDSALARY<6000
37. Insertanewemployeeintoemployeeswithalltherequireddetails.
INSERTINTOEMPLOYEES(EMPLOYEE_ID,FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME,EMAIL,PHONE_NUMBER,HIRE_DATE,JOB_ID,SALARY,DEPARTMENT_ID)
VALUES(207,'ANGELA','SNYDER','ANGELA','2152534737',SYSDATE,'SA_MAN',12000,80)
38. Deletedepartment20.
DELETEFROMDEPARTMENTSWHEREDEPARTMENT_ID=20
39. ChangejobIDofemployee110toIT_PROGiftheemployeebelongstodepartment10andtheexistingjobIDdoesnotstartwithIT.
UPDATEEMPLOYEESSETJOB_ID='IT_PROG'
WHEREEMPLOYEE_ID=110ANDDEPARTMENT_ID=10ANDNOTJOB_IDLIKE'IT%'
40. InsertarowintodepartmentstablewithmanagerID120andlocationIDinanylocationIDforcityTokyo.
INSERTINTODEPARTMENTS(150,'SPORTS',120,1200)
41. Displaydepartmentnameandnumberofemployeesinthedepartment.
SELECTDEPARTMENT_NAME,COUNT(*)FROMEMPLOYEESNATURALJOINDEPARTMENTSGROUPBYDEPARTMENT_NAME

42. Displayjobtitle,employeeID,numberofdaysbetweenendingdateandstartingdateforalljobsindepartment30fromjobhistory.
SELECTEMPLOYEE_ID,JOB_TITLE,END_DATESTART_DATEDAYS
FROMJOB_HISTORYNATURALJOINJOBS
WHEREDEPARTMENT_ID=30
43. Displaydepartmentnameandmanagerfirstname.
SELECTDEPARTMENT_NAME,FIRST_NAMEFROMDEPARTMENTSDJOINEMPLOYEESEON(D.MANAGER_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID)
44. Displaydepartmentname,managername,andcity.

SELECTDEPARTMENT_NAME,FIRST_NAME,CITYFROMDEPARTMENTSDJOINEMPLOYEESEON(D.MANAGER_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID)JOINLOCATIONSLUSING(LOCAT
45. Displaycountryname,city,anddepartmentname.
SELECTCOUNTRY_NAME,CITY,DEPARTMENT_NAME
FROMCOUNTRIESJOINLOCATIONSUSING(COUNTRY_ID)
JOINDEPARTMENTSUSING(LOCATION_ID)
46. Displayjobtitle,departmentname,employeelastname,startingdateforalljobsfrom2000to2005.
SELECTJOB_TITLE,DEPARTMENT_NAME,LAST_NAME,START_DATE
FROMJOB_HISTORYJOINJOBSUSING(JOB_ID)JOINDEPARTMENTS
USING(DEPARTMENT_ID)JOINEMPLOYEESUSING(EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHERETO_CHAR(START_DATE,'YYYY')BETWEEN2000AND2005
47. Displayjobtitleandaveragesalaryofemployees
SELECTJOB_TITLE,AVG(SALARY)FROMEMPLOYEES
NATURALJOINJOBSGROUPBYJOB_TITLE
48. Displayjobtitle,employeename,andthedifferencebetweenmaximumsalaryforthejobandsalaryoftheemployee.
SELECTJOB_TITLE,FIRST_NAME,MAX_SALARYSALARYDIFFERENCEFROMEMPLOYEESNATURALJOINJOBS
49. Displaylastname,jobtitleofemployeeswhohavecommissionpercentageandbelongstodepartment30.
SELECTJOB_TITLE,FIRST_NAME,MAX_SALARYSALARYDIFFERENCEFROMEMPLOYEESNATURALJOINJOBSWHEREDEPARTMENT_ID=30
50. Displaydetailsofjobsthatweredonebyanyemployeewhoiscurrentlydrawingmorethan15000ofsalary.
SELECTJH.*
FROMJOB_HISTORYJHJOINEMPLOYEESEON(JH.EMPLOYEE_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHERESALARY>15000
51. Displaydepartmentname,managername,andsalaryofthemanagerforallmanagerswhoseexperienceismorethan5years.
SELECTDEPARTMENT_NAME,FIRST_NAME,SALARY
FROMDEPARTMENTSDJOINEMPLOYEESEON(D.MANAGER_ID=E.MANAGER_ID)
WHERE(SYSDATEHIRE_DATE)/365>5
52. Displayemployeenameiftheemployeejoinedbeforehismanager.
SELECTFIRST_NAMEFROMEMPLOYEESE1JOINEMPLOYEESE2ON(E1.MANAGER_ID=E2.EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHEREE1.HIRE_DATE<E2.HIRE_DATE
53. Displayemployeename,jobtitleforthejobsemployeedidinthepastwherethejobwasdonelessthansixmonths.

SELECTFIRST_NAME,JOB_TITLEFROMEMPLOYEESEJOINJOB_HISTORYJHON(JH.EMPLOYEE_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID)JOINJOBSJON(JH.JOB_ID=J.JOB_
WHEREMONTHS_BETWEEN(END_DATE,START_DATE)<6
54. Displayemployeenameandcountryinwhichheisworking.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,COUNTRY_NAMEFROMEMPLOYEESJOINDEPARTMENTSUSING(DEPARTMENT_ID)
JOINLOCATIONSUSING(LOCATION_ID)
JOINCOUNTRIESUSING(COUNTRY_ID)
55. Displaydepartmentname,averagesalaryandnumberofemployeeswithcommissionwithinthedepartment.

SELECTDEPARTMENT_NAME,AVG(SALARY),COUNT(COMMISSION_PCT)
FROMDEPARTMENTSJOINEMPLOYEESUSING(DEPARTMENT_ID)
GROUPBYDEPARTMENT_NAME
56. Displaythemonthinwhichmorethan5employeesjoinedinanydepartmentlocatedinSydney.
SELECTTO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MONYY')

FROMEMPLOYEESJOINDEPARTMENTSUSING(DEPARTMENT_ID)JOINLOCATIONSUSING(LOCATION_ID)
WHERECITY='Seattle'
GROUPBYTO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MONYY')
HAVINGCOUNT(*)>5
57. Displaydetailsofdepartmentsinwhichthemaximumsalaryismorethan10000.
SELECT*FROMDEPARTMENTSWHEREDEPARTMENT_IDIN
(SELECTDEPARTMENT_IDFROMEMPLOYEES
GROUPBYDEPARTMENT_ID
HAVINGMAX(SALARY)>10000)
58. DisplaydetailsofdepartmentsmanagedbySmith.
SELECT*FROMDEPARTMENTSWHEREMANAGER_IDIN
(SELECTEMPLOYEE_IDFROMEMPLOYEESWHEREFIRST_NAME='SMITH')
59. Displayjobsintowhichemployeesjoinedinthecurrentyear.
SELECT*FROMJOBSWHEREJOB_IDIN
(SELECTJOB_IDFROMEMPLOYEESWHERETO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY'))
60. Displayemployeeswhodidnotdoanyjobinthepast.
SELECT*FROMEMPLOYEESWHEREEMPLOYEE_IDNOTIN
(SELECTEMPLOYEE_IDFROMJOB_HISTORY)
61. Displayjobtitleandaveragesalaryforemployeeswhodidajobinthepast.
SELECTJOB_TITLE,AVG(SALARY)FROMJOBSNATURALJOINEMPLOYEES
GROUPBYJOB_TITLE
WHEREEMPLOYEE_IDIN
(SELECTEMPLOYEE_IDFROMJOB_HISTORY)
62. Displaycountryname,city,andnumberofdepartmentswheredepartmenthasmorethan5employees.
SELECTCOUNTRY_NAME,CITY,COUNT(DEPARTMENT_ID)
FROMCOUNTRIESJOINLOCATIONSUSING(COUNTRY_ID)JOINDEPARTMENTSUSING(LOCATION_ID)
WHEREDEPARTMENT_IDIN
(SELECTDEPARTMENT_IDFROMEMPLOYEES

GROUPBYDEPARTMENT_ID

HAVINGCOUNT(DEPARTMENT_ID)>5)
GROUPBYCOUNTRY_NAME,CITY
63. Displaydetailsofmanagerwhomanagesmorethan5employees.
SELECTFIRST_NAMEFROMEMPLOYEES
WHEREEMPLOYEE_IDIN
(SELECTMANAGER_IDFROMEMPLOYEES
GROUPBYMANAGER_ID
HAVINGCOUNT(*)>5)

64. Displayemployeename,jobtitle,startdate,andenddateofpastjobsofallemployeeswithcommissionpercentagenull.
SELECTFIRST_NAME,JOB_TITLE,START_DATE,END_DATE
FROMJOB_HISTORYJHJOINJOBSJUSING(JOB_ID)JOINEMPLOYEESEON(JH.EMPLOYEE_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHERECOMMISSION_PCTISNULL
65. Displaythedepartmentsintowhichnoemployeejoinedinlasttwoyears.
SELECT*FROMDEPARTMENTS
WHEREDEPARTMENT_IDNOTIN
(SELECTDEPARTMENT_IDFROMEMPLOYEESWHEREFLOOR((SYSDATEHIRE_DATE)/365)<2)
66. Displaythedetailsofdepartmentsinwhichthemaxsalaryisgreaterthan10000foremployeeswhodidajobinthepast.
SELECT*FROMDEPARTMENTS
WHEREDEPARTMENT_IDIN
(SELECTDEPARTMENT_IDFROMEMPLOYEES
WHEREEMPLOYEE_IDIN(SELECTEMPLOYEE_IDFROMJOB_HISTORY)
GROUPBYDEPARTMENT_ID
HAVINGMAX(SALARY)>10000)
67. DisplaydetailsofcurrentjobforemployeeswhoworkedasITProgrammersinthepast.
SELECT*FROMJOBS
WHEREJOB_IDIN
(SELECTJOB_IDFROMEMPLOYEESWHEREEMPLOYEE_IDIN
(SELECTEMPLOYEE_IDFROMJOB_HISTORYWHEREJOB_ID='IT_PROG'))

68. Displaythedetailsofemployeesdrawingthehighestsalaryinthedepartment.
SELECTDEPARTMENT_ID,FIRST_NAME,SALARYFROMEMPLOYEESOUTERWHERESALARY=
(SELECTMAX(SALARY)FROMEMPLOYEESWHEREDEPARTMENT_ID=OUTER.DEPARTMENT_ID)
69. DisplaythecityofemployeewhoseemployeeIDis105.
SELECTCITYFROMLOCATIONSWHERELOCATION_ID=
(SELECTLOCATION_IDFROMDEPARTMENTSWHEREDEPARTMENT_ID=
(SELECTDEPARTMENT_IDFROMEMPLOYEESWHEREEMPLOYEE_ID=105)

)
70. Displaythirdhighestsalaryofallemployees
selectsalary
fromemployeesmain
where2=(selectcount(distinctsalary)
fromemployees
wheresalary>main.salary)

PL/SQLPrograms
1. Writeaprogramtointerchangethesalariesofemployee120and122.
Declare
V_salary_120employees.salary%type
Begin
Selectsalaryintov_salary_120
Fromemployeeswhereemployee_id=120
Updateemployeessetsalary=(selectsalaryfromemployeeswhereemployee_id=122)
Whereemployee_id=120
Updateemployeessetsalary=v_salary_120Whereemployee_id=122
Commit
End
2. Increasethesalaryofemployee115basedonthefollowingconditions:Ifexperienceismorethan10years,increasesalaryby20%Ifexperienceis
greaterthan5years,increasesalaryby10%Otherwise5%CasebyExpression:

declare
v_expnumber(2)
v_hikenumber(5,2)
begin
selectfloor((sysdatehire_date)/365)intov_exp
fromemployees
whereemployee_id=115

v_hike:=1.05

case
whenv_exp>10then
v_hike:=1.20
whenv_exp>5then
v_hike:=1.10
endcase

updateemployeessetsalary=salary*v_hike
whereemployee_id=115
end

3. ChangecommissionpercentageasfollowsforemployeewithID=150.Ifsalaryismorethan10000thencommissionis0.4%,ifSalaryislessthan10000
butexperienceismorethan10yearsthen0.35%,ifsalaryislessthan3000thencommissionis0.25%.Intheremainingcasescommissionis0.15%.
declare
v_salaryemployees.salary%type
v_expnumber(2)
v_cpnumber(5,2)
begin
selectv_salary,floor((sysdatehire_date)/365)intov_salary,v_exp
fromemployees
whereemployee_id=150

ifv_salary>10000then
v_cp:=0.4
elsifv_exp>10then
v_cp:=0.35
elsifv_salary<3000then
v_cp:=0.25
else
v_cp:=0.15

endif

updateemployeessetcommission_pct=v_cp
whereemployee_id=150
end
4. Findoutthenameoftheemployeeandnameofthedepartmentfortheemployeewhoismanagingforemployee103.
declare
v_nameemployees.first_name%type
v_deptnamedepartments.department_name%type
begin
selectfirst_name,department_nameintov_name,v_deptname
fromemployeesjoindepartmentsusing(department_id)
whereemployee_id=(selectmanager_idfromemployeeswhereemployee_id=103)

dbms_output.put_line(v_name)
dbms_output.put_line(v_deptname)

end

5. DisplaymissingemployeeIDs.
declare
v_minnumber(3)
v_maxnumber(3)
v_cnumber(1)
begin
selectmin(employee_id),max(employee_id)intov_min,v_max
fromemployees
foriinv_min+1..v_max1
loop
selectcount(*)intov_c
fromemployees
whereemployee_id=i

ifv_c=0then
dbms_output.put_line(i)
endif
endloop

end
6. Displaytheyearinwhichmaximumnumberofemployeesjoinedalongwithhowmanyjoinedineachmonthinthatyear.
declare
v_yearnumber(4)
v_cnumber(2)
begin
selectto_char(hire_date,'yyyy')intov_year
fromemployees
groupbyto_char(hire_date,'yyyy')
havingcount(*)=
(selectmax(count(*))
fromemployees
groupbyto_char(hire_date,'yyyy'))

dbms_output.put_line('Year:'||v_year)
formonthin1..12
loop
selectcount(*)intov_c
fromemployees
whereto_char(hire_date,'mm')=monthandto_char(hire_date,'yyyy')=v_year

dbms_output.put_line('Month:'||to_char(month)||'Employees:'||to_char(v_c))
endloop
end

7. Changesalaryofemployee130tothesalaryoftheemployeewithfirstnameJoe.IfJoeisnotfoundthentakeaveragesalaryofallemployees.Ifmore
thanoneemployeewithfirstnameJoeisfoundthentaketheleastsalaryoftheemployeeswithfirstnameJoe.
declare
v_salaryemployees.salary%type
begin
selectsalaryintov_salary
fromemployeeswherefirst_name='Joe'

updateemployeessetsalary=v_salary
whereemployee_id=130

exception
whenno_data_foundthen
updateemployeessetsalary=(selectavg(salary)fromemployees)
whereemployee_id=130
end
8. DisplayJobTitleandNameoftheEmployeewhojoinedthejobfirstday.
declare
cursorjobscurisselectjob_id,job_titlefromjobs

v_nameemployees.first_name%type
begin
forjobrecinjobscur

loop

selectfirst_nameintov_name
fromemployees
wherehire_date=(selectmin(hire_date)fromemployeeswherejob_id=jobrec.job_id)

andjob_id=jobrec.job_id

dbms_output.put_line(jobrec.job_title||''||v_name)

endloop
end

9. Display5thand10themployeesinEmployeestable.
declare
cursorempcuris
selectemployee_id,first_name
fromemployees

begin
foremprecinempcur
loop
ifempcur%rowcount>4then
dbms_output.put_line(emprec.first_name)
exitwhenempcur%rowcount>10
endif
endloop

end
10. Updatesalaryofanemployeebasedondepartmentandcommissionpercentage.Ifdepartmentis40increasesalaryby10%.Ifdepartmentis70then
15%,ifcommissionismorethan.3%then5%otherwise10%.
declare
cursorempcuris
selectemployee_id,department_id,commission_pct
fromemployees

v_hikenumber(2)
begin
foremprecinempcur
loop
ifemprec.department_id=40then
v_hike:=10
elsifemprec.department_id=70then
v_hike:=15
elsifemprec.commission_pct>0.30then
v_hike:=5
else
v_hike:=10
endif
updateemployeessetsalary=salary+salary*v_hike/100
whereemployee_id=emprec.employee_id

endloop
end
11. CreateafunctionthattakesdepartmentIDandreturnsthenameofthemanagerofthedepartment.
createorreplacefunctionget_dept_manager_name(deptidnumber)
returnvarcharis
v_nameemployees.first_name%type
begin
selectfirst_nameintov_name
fromemployees
whereemployee_id=(selectmanager_idfromdepartmentswheredepartment_id=deptid)
returnv_name
end

12. CreateafunctionthattakesemployeeIDandreturnthenumberofjobsdonebytheemployeeinthepast.
createorreplacefunctionget_no_of_jobs_done(empidnumber)
returnnumberis
v_countnumber(2)
begin
selectcount(*)intov_count
fromjob_history
whereemployee_id=empid
returnv_count
end
13. CreateaprocedurethattakesdepartmentIDandchangesthemanagerIDforthedepartmenttotheemployeeinthedepartmentwithhighestsalary.(Use
Exceptions).
createorreplaceprocedurechange_dept_manager(deptidnumber)
is
v_empidemployees.employee_id%type
begin
selectemployee_idintov_empid
fromemployees
wheresalary=(selectmax(salary)fromemployeeswheredepartment_id=deptid)
anddepartment_id=deptid
updatedepartmentssetmanager_id=v_empid
wheredepartment_id=deptid
end
14. CreateafunctionthattakesamanagerIDandreturnthenamesofemployeeswhoreporttothismanager.Thenamesmustbereturnedasastringwith
commaseparatingnames.
createorreplacefunctionget_employees_for_manager(managernumber)
returnvarchar2
is
v_employeesvarchar2(1000):=''
cursorempcuris
selectfirst_namefromemployees
wheremanager_id=manager
begin
foremprecinempcur
loop
v_employees:=v_employees||','||emprec.first_name
endloop
removeextra,atthebeginning
returnltrim(v_employees,',')
end
15. EnsurenochangescanbemadetoEMPLOYEEStablebefore6amandafter10pminaday.
createorreplacetriggertrg_employees_time_check
beforeupdateorinsertordelete
onemployees
foreachrow
begin
ifto_char(sysdate,'hh24')<6orto_char(sysdate,'hh24')>10then
raise_application_error(20111,'Sorry!Nochangecanbemadebefore6AMandafter10PM')
endif
end
16. CreateaTriggertoensurethesalaryoftheemployeeisnotdecreased.
createorreplacetriggertrg_employees_salary_check
beforeupdate
onemployees
foreachrow
begin
if:old.salary>:new.salarythen
raise_application_error(20111,'Sorry!Salarycannotbedecreased!')
endif
end

17. Createatriggertoensuretheemployeeandmanagerbelongstothesamedepartment.
Note:Thistriggerneedtoreadtherowthatisbeingmodified,whichcausesmutatingproblem.Thesolutiontomutatingproblemis
explainedat:WorkaroundformutatingprobleminOracleTriggers.Pleasecheckitout.
18. Wheneverthejobischangedforanemployeewritethefollowingdetailsintojobhistory.EmployeeID,oldjobID,olddepartmentID,hiredateofthe
employeeforstartdate,systemdateforenddate.Butifarowisalreadypresentforemployeejobhistorythenthestartdateshouldbetheenddateof
thatrow+1.
createorreplacetriggertrg_log_job_change
afterupdateofjob_id

onemployees
foreachrow
declare
v_enddatedate
v_startdatedate
begin
findoutwhethertheemployeehasanyrowinjob_historytable
selectmax(end_date)intov_enddate
fromjob_history
whereemployee_id=:old.employee_id
ifv_enddateisnullthen
v_startdate:=:old.hire_date
else
v_startdate:=v_enddate+1
endif
insertintojob_historyvalues(:old.employee_id,v_startdate,sysdate,:old.job_id,:old.department_id)
end

Note:Beforetestingtheabovetrigger,youneedtodisableUPDATE_JOB_HISTORYtrigger,whichisalreadypresentinHRaccount,asitdoes