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TLT Matrix

1) A transfer matrix model can be used to calculate sound transmission loss through multi-layered walls and ducts/mufflers by relating acoustic pressure and velocity on each end. 2) The transfer matrix relates the incident, reflected, and transmitted pressure waves to determine reflection and transmission coefficients. 3) Equations are developed to relate the transfer matrix elements to the reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of incident pressure amplitude.

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60 views

TLT Matrix

1) A transfer matrix model can be used to calculate sound transmission loss through multi-layered walls and ducts/mufflers by relating acoustic pressure and velocity on each end. 2) The transfer matrix relates the incident, reflected, and transmitted pressure waves to determine reflection and transmission coefficients. 3) Equations are developed to relate the transfer matrix elements to the reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of incident pressure amplitude.

Uploaded by

jcaza20
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ME 422/522 Acoustics Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York at Binghamton March 1, 2007 Sound Transmission Loss

from a Transfer Matrix Model A transfer matrix representation can be an extremely powerful means of modeling very complex coupled acoustical systems. We will develop transfer matrix models of multi-layered walls in order to calculate the sound transmission loss and we will also use this approach to model the sound transmission through ducts and muers. As discussed in the previous lecture, a transfer matrix can be used to relate the total acoustic pressure and velocity on each end of an acoustical system. Having the composite transfer matrix model one can compute both the sound transmission through, and the sound reected by the system. To relate the complex reection coecient, r , and the transmission coecient, , to the elements of the systems transfer matrix, suppose the system resides at x = 0 and that the elements, T11 , T12 , T21 , and T22 , of the transfer matrix [T ] are known, [T ] = T11 T21 T12 T22 (1) on the transmitted side, then the transfer matrix in equation (1) gives the relationships between them as P2 U2 = T11 T21 T12 T22 P1 U1 (4)

The complex amplitude of the pressure on the incident side, P1 may be related to pi and pr by evaluating t equation (2) at x = 0 and dropping the factor e since we are interested in only the complex amplitude of the pressure. This gives P 1 = pi + pr (5) The amplitude of the pressure on the transmitted side, P2 is determined by evaluating equation (3) at x = 0, P 2 = pt (6) Equations (5) and (6) can be used in equation (4) to eliminate P1 and P2 . However, equation (4) still contains the unknown velocities U1 and U2 . Two additional equations are needed to eliminate these velocities. The velocities may be related to the pressures pi , pr , and pt by evaluating the Euler equation on both the incident and transmitted sides, p (7) = 0 u x where 0 is the nominal air density. This can be evaluated on the incident side by substituting equation (2) into (7) and setting x = 0. Rearranging the result gives (8) pi pr = 0 cU1 where we have used the fact that the wave number is k = /c. The Euler equation (7) may be evaluated on the transmitted side by subtituting equation (3) for the transmitted pressure into equation (7) and setting x = 0. This leads to pt = 0 cU2 (9) The matrix equation (4) and the scalar equations (8) and (9) comprise a total of four equations in the unknowns pr /pi , pt /pi , U1 and U2 . To simplify the writing, let r = pr /pi . Substituting this and equations (8) and (9) into equation (4) gives two equations for r and pt /pi . Rearranging this result slightly gives pt T12 = T11 (1 + r ) + (1 r ), pi 0 c pt = 0 cT21 (1 + r ) + T22 (1 r ) pi (10)

As before, assume that the sound eld to the left (the indicent side) consists of a combination of a given incident wave with complex amplitude pi and a reected wave with complex amplitude pr so that the sound pressure on the incident side of the system may be written as
kx kx p(x, t) = (pi e + pr e )et .

(2)

On the right side of the system (the transmitted side) it will be assumed that there are no surfaces for the sound to reect from so that the sound eld consists of only a tranmitted wave with complex amplitude pt . On the transmitted side, the sound pressure is then given by kx p(x, t) = pt e et . (3) As in most situations, it will be assumed that the amplitude of the incident wave, pi , is given and we would like to determine the amplitudes of the reected wave, pr , and the transmitted wave, pt , in terms of the known elements in the transfer matrix [T ] given in equation (1). Taking P1 and U1 to be the complex amplitudes of the total pressure and velocity on the incident side and P2 and U2 to be the corresponding amplitudes

Subtracting equations (10) to eliminate (1 + r )(T11 0 cT21 ) + (1 r )( Solving equation (11) for r gives r= 0 cT21 T11 + T22 T11 0 cT21 + T22
T12 0 c T12 0 c

pt pi

gives

Equation (12) may be substituted into either of equations (10) to eliminate r . Simplifying this result gives pt 2(T11 T22 T12 T21 ) = 12 pi T11 0 cT21 + T22 T 0 c

T12 T22 ) = 0 (11) 0 c

(13)

(12)

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