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ELA 01 History of Unix & Linux

The history of Unix and Linux spans from 1957 to present day. Key events include the creation of Unix at Bell Labs in 1969 to replace Multics. Unix was then developed and distributed at various universities and saw many editions released through the 1970s and 1980s. Linux was introduced in 1991 by Linus Torvalds and has since grown significantly, with many Linux distributions emerging like Red Hat, Ubuntu, and others. Unix and Linux development continues to this day at various companies and by the open source community.

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Mallik Bheesetti
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66 views4 pages

ELA 01 History of Unix & Linux

The history of Unix and Linux spans from 1957 to present day. Key events include the creation of Unix at Bell Labs in 1969 to replace Multics. Unix was then developed and distributed at various universities and saw many editions released through the 1970s and 1980s. Linux was introduced in 1991 by Linus Torvalds and has since grown significantly, with many Linux distributions emerging like Red Hat, Ubuntu, and others. Unix and Linux development continues to this day at various companies and by the open source community.

Uploaded by

Mallik Bheesetti
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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History of Unix and Linux

Year Event

Bell Labs found they needed an operating system for their computer center that at 1957 the time was running various batch jobs. The BESYS operating system was created at Bell Labs to deal with these needs. Bell Labs was adopting third generation computer equipment and decided to join 1965 forces with eneral Electric and !"T to create !ultics #!ultiple$ed "nformation and %omputing Service&. By 'pril ()*)+ AT&T made a decision to withdraw !ultics and go with E%,S. -hen !ultics was withdrawn .en Thompson and /ennis 0itchie needed to rewrite an operating system in order to play space travel on another smaller machine #a 1969 /E% 1/123 41rogrammed /ata 1rocessor 5. memory for user programs&. The result was a system that a punning colleague called 67"%S #67iple$ed "nformation and %omputing Service&22an 8emasculated !ultics8. 1969 Summer ()*) 6ni$ was developed. 1969 Linus Torvalds is born. 9irst edition of Unix released ((:;<:()3(. The first edition of the =6ni$ 10, 0'!!E08S !'76'L 4by> .. Thompson 4and> /. !. 0itchie.= "t includes over *; commands li?e@ b #compile B program&A boot #reboot system&A cat 1971 #concatenate files&A chdir #change wor?ing directory&A chmod #change access mode&A chown #change owner&A cp #copy file&Als #list directory contents&A mv #move or rename file&A roff #run off te$t&A wc #get word count&A who #who is one the system&. The main thing missing was pipes. 197 197 197! Second edition of Unix released /ecember ;*+ ()3B. 0itchie rewrote B and called the new language %. Unix had been installed on (* sites #all within 'TCT:-estern Electric&A it was publically unveiled at a conference in ,ctober.

197! Third edition of Unix released 9ebruary ()3< 197! 9orth edition of Unix released 7ovember ()3< 197" 9ifth edition of Unix released Dune ()35 197" Thompson went to 6% Ber?eley to teach for a year+ Bill Doy arrived as a new graduate student. 9rustrated with ed+ Doy developed a more featured editor em.

1975 Si$th edition of Unix released !ay ()3E

1975 Bourne shell is introduced begins being added onto. 1977 (BSD released late ()33 197# BBSD released mid ()3F 1979 Seventh edition of Unix released Danuary ()3) 1979 <BSD released late ()3) 1979 SCO founded by /oug and Larry !ichels as 6ni$ porting and consulting company. 19#$ 5.;BSD released ,ctober ()F; 19# 19#! S " introduces IRIX. SCO delivers its first pac?aged 6ni$ system called S%, GE7"G System H for "ntel F;F* and F;FF processor2based 1%s. The 76 operating system is first announced by 0ichard Stallman September B3+ ()F<.

19#!

19#" Ultrix (.; was released. 19#5 Eighth edition of Unix released 9ebruary ()FE 19#5 The GNU manifesto is published in the !arch ()FE issue of /r. /obb8s Dournal. The 76 project starts a year and a half later.

19#6 H !UX (.; released. 19#6 7inth edition of Unix released September ()F* 19#7 Sun and AT&T lay the groundwor? for business computing in the ne$t decade with an alliance to develop 6ni$ System H 0elease 5.

19## H !UX B.; released. 19## H !UX <.; released. 19#9 SCO ships S%, 6ni$ System H:<F*+ the first volume commercial product licensed by 'TCT to use the 6ni$ System trademar?.

19#9 H !UX 3.; released. 19#9 Tenth edition of Unix released ,ctober ()F) 199$ AIX short for 'dvanced "nteractive eGecutive was first entered into the mar?et by IB"9ebruary ());.

1991

Sun unveils Solaris B operating environment+ specially tuned for symetric multiprocessing.

1991 Linux is introduced by Linus Torvalds+ a student in 9inland. 1991 H !UX F.; released. 1991 BSD:<F* 'L1I' 9irst code released to people outside BSD" (B:$$:())( 199 H !UX ).; released.

199! NetBSD ;.F released ;5:B;:())< 199! #reeBSD (.; released /ecember of ())< 199" Red Hat Linu$ is introduced. 199" %aldera+ "nc was founded in ())5 by 0ansom Love and Bryan Spar?s. 199" NetBSD (.; released (;:B*:())5 1995 #reeBSD B.; released ;(:$$:())E SCO acquires 6ni$ Systems source technology business from Novell %orporation 1995 #which had acquired it from 'TCT8s 6ni$ System Laboratories&. S%, also acquires 6ni$-are B operating system from 7ovell. 1995 H !UX (;.; released. 1995 5.5 BS/ Lite 0elease B the true final distribution from the %S0 1996 $D% is started to be developed by !atthias Ettrich 1997 H !UX ((.; released. 1997 %aldera ships ,penLinu$ Standard (.( !ay E+ ())3+ the second offering in %aldera8s ,penLinu$ product line ;*:$$:())E

199# IRIX *.E the fifth generation of S " 6ni$ is released Duly *+ ())F. 199# SCO delivers 6ni$-are 3 operating system. 199# Sun Solaris 3 operating system released. 199# #reeBSD <.; released (;:(*:())F $$$ #reeBSD 5.; released ;<:(<:B;;; $$$ Caldera Systems "nc. announces that %aldera Systems has entered into agreement

to acquire the SCO Server Software /ivision and the 1rofessional Services /ivision. $$1 Linus Torvalds releases version B.5 of the Linux .ernel source code on Danuary 5th. $$1 "i&roso't files a trademar? suit against Lindows.com in /ecember. $$" Lindows changes it8s name to Lins(ire 'pril (5+ B;;5. The first release of U)untu is released ,ctober B;+ B;;5. %ourtesy by@ www.computerhope.com

$$"

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