Tabular Results

Results were generated with the finite element program FE/Pipe. Stress results are post-processed in accordance with the rules specified in ASME
Section III and ASME Section VIII, Division 2.

Analysis Time Stamp: Mon Feb 27 22:53:42 2017.

Solution Data
ASME Code Stress Output Plots
Stress Results - Notes
ASME Overstressed Areas
Highest Primary Stress Ratios
Highest Secondary Stress Ratios
Highest Fatigue Stress Ratios
Stress Intensification Factors
Allowable Loads
Flexibilities
Graphical Results

Solution Data
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Solution Data

Maximum Solution Row Size = 1308

Number of Nodes = 3604
Number of Elements = 1180
Number of Solution Cases = 7

Summation of Loads per Case

Case # FX FY FZ

1 368480. 224506. 0.
2 368480. 224506. 0.
3 6055886. 0. 0.
4 0. 3. 0.
5 0. 0. 0.
6 0. 0. 0.
7 368480. 224506. 0.

Table of Contents

ASME Code Stress Output Plots

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ASME Code Stress Output Plots $X

1) Pl < 1.5(k)Smh (SUS,Membrane) Case 1

2) Qb < 3(Smh) (SUS,Bending) Case 1

3) S1+S2+S3 < 4S (SUS,S1+S2+S3) Case 1

4) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE,Inside) Case 2

5) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE,Outside) Case 2

6) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP,Inside) Case 2

7) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP,Outside) Case 2

8) Membrane < User (OPE,Membrane) Case 2

9) Bending < User (OPE,Bending) Case 2

10) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF,Outside) Case 3

11) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF,Outside) Case 4

12) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF,Outside) Case 5

13) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF,Outside) Case 6

14) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF,Outside) Case 7

Table of Contents

Stress Results - Notes

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Stress Results - Notes

- Results in this analysis were generated using the finite

element solution method.

- Using pre 07 ASME Section VIII Division 2

- Assume free end displacements of attached pipe are

secondary loads within limits of nozzle reinforcement.

- Use Stress Intensity (TRESCA).

- S1+S2+S3 evaluation omitted from operating stress.

Include S1+S2+S3 evaluation in primary case evaluation.
Assume bending stress not local primary for S1+S2+S3.

- Use local tensor values for averaged and not

averaged stresses.

- PRIMARY STRESSES are similar to the B31 code "sustained"

stresses. Primary stresses contain the effects due to weight,
pressure and other sustained loads. The primary limit for
this stress is based on collapse of the local cross section
or excessive local strain.

- SECONDARY (PL+PB+Q) STRESS has no direct equal in a B31 code.

This stress requirement is intended to insure that sig-
nificant inelastic behavior only occurs for the first few
loading cycles, and only over a fairly small region of the
model. "Small" is on the order of the square root of Rt,
where (R) is the radius of the header and (t) is the
thickness of the header. Secondary stresses do not include
the effect of peak stress concentration factors such as occur
at fillets, welds or notches.

- PEAK STRESSES are equivalent to the B31 code "expansion"

stresses. In the peak stress report, the user will find the
equivalent B31 allowable computed from: f[1.25(Sc+Sh)].

- The LOCAL STRESS calculations performed herein are in accord-

ance with ASME VIII Div 2, Part 5, elastic calculations, and
ASME Section III Subsection NB. These methods have been used
extensively in the nuclear piping industry, and have been
shown to be in consistant agreement with the B31 piping codes
when the simplifying assumptions made in the B31 codes are
employed.

- The B31 Code Stress Calculations performed herein are in

accordance with the method outlined in NUREG/CR-3243 and
(ORNL/Sub/82-22252/1). This paper shows the relationship
between the fatigue evaluation methods used in the B31 codes
and the class 1,2 and 3 nuclear piping codes.

- When the number of design cycles is less than 7000, (which is

the default), the B31 user is cautioned against using a
smaller number of design cycles to satisfy the intersection
allowables unless he is sure that the material can easily
undergo significant peak plastic deformation without crack
propagation.

- Thru-the-wall temperature effects may be important when the

temperature difference is high. The stress resulting from the
difference is independant of the thickness. Users should
estimate and enter this difference if available.

- Membrane stresses are the stresses averaged thru the wall of

the component. Secondary and Peak stresses are those that are
maximums at the outer fiber of the local cross section due
primarily to plate or shell type bending at the nozzle or
discontinuity.

Table of Contents

ASME Overstressed Areas

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*** NO OVERSTRESSED NODES IN THIS MODEL ***

Table of Contents

Highest Primary Stress Ratios

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Pad/Header at Junction

Pl 1.5(k)Smh Primary Membrane Load Case 1

5 172 Sect VIII Ref: AD-140, 4-112(i), 4-133,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1, Table 4-120.1
Plot Reference:
2% 1) Pl < 1.5(k)Smh (SUS,Membrane) Case 1
Branch at Junction

Pl 1.5(k)Smh Primary Membrane Load Case 1

5 177 Sect VIII Ref: AD-140, 4-112(i), 4-133,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1, Table 4-120.1
Plot Reference:
2% 1) Pl < 1.5(k)Smh (SUS,Membrane) Case 1

Branch Transition

Pl 1.5(k)Smh Primary Membrane Load Case 1

1 177 Sect VIII Ref: AD-140, 4-112(i), 4-133,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1, Table 4-120.1
Plot Reference:
0% 1) Pl < 1.5(k)Smh (SUS,Membrane) Case 1

Pad Outer Edge Weld

Pl 1.5(k)Smh Primary Membrane Load Case 1

5 172 Sect VIII Ref: AD-140, 4-112(i), 4-133,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1, Table 4-120.1
Plot Reference:
3% 1) Pl < 1.5(k)Smh (SUS,Membrane) Case 1

Branch removed from Junction

Pl 1.5(k)Smh Primary Membrane Load Case 1

1 177 Sect VIII Ref: AD-140, 4-112(i), 4-133,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1, Table 4-120.1
Plot Reference:
0% 1) Pl < 1.5(k)Smh (SUS,Membrane) Case 1

Table of Contents

Highest Secondary Stress Ratios

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Pad/Header at Junction

Pl+Pb+Q 3(Smavg) Primary+Secondary (Inner) Load Case 2

9 344 Sect VIII Ref: 4-120(b)(4),4-134,4-136.6,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1(Note 1)
Plot Reference:
2% 4) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE,Inside) Case 2

Branch at Junction

Pl+Pb+Q 3(Smavg) Primary+Secondary (Inner) Load Case 2

9 354 Sect VIII Ref: 4-120(b)(4),4-134,4-136.6,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1(Note 1)
Plot Reference:
2% 4) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE,Inside) Case 2

Branch Transition

Pl+Pb+Q 3(Smavg) Primary+Secondary (Outer) Load Case 2

1 354 Sect VIII Ref: 4-120(b)(4),4-134,4-136.6,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1(Note 1)
Plot Reference:
0% 5) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE,Outside) Case 2

Pad Outer Edge Weld

Pl+Pb+Q 3(Smavg) Primary+Secondary (Outer) Load Case 2

8 344 Sect VIII Ref: 4-120(b)(4),4-134,4-136.6,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1(Note 1)
Plot Reference:
2% 5) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE,Outside) Case 2

Branch removed from Junction

Pl+Pb+Q 3(Smavg) Primary+Secondary (Outer) Load Case 2

1 354 Sect VIII Ref: 4-120(b)(4),4-134,4-136.6,
MPa MPa Fig. 4-130.1(Note 1)
Plot Reference:
0% 5) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE,Outside) Case 2

Table of Contents

Highest Fatigue Stress Ratios

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Pad/Header at Junction

Pl+Pb+Q+F Sa Primary+Secondary+Peak (Inner) Load Case 2

6 290 Stress Concentration Factor = 1.350
MPa MPa Strain Concentration Factor = 1.000
Cycles Allowed for this Stress = 1.0000E11
2% "B31" Fatigue Stress Allowable = 286.2
Markl Fatigue Stress Allowable = 287.5
WRC 474 Mean Cycles to Failure = 4.5814E9
WRC 474 99% Probability Cycles = 1.0643E9
WRC 474 95% Probability Cycles = 1.4776E9
BS5500 Allowed Cycles(Curve F) = 1.0355E10
Membrane-to-Bending Ratio = 1.133
Bending-to-PL+PB+Q Ratio = 0.469
Sect VIII Ref: 4-112(l)(2),Fig.4-130.1,4-135
Plot Reference:
6) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP,Inside) Case 2

Branch at Junction

Pl+Pb+Q+F Sa Primary+Secondary+Peak (Inner) Load Case 2

6 290 Stress Concentration Factor = 1.350
MPa MPa Strain Concentration Factor = 1.000
Cycles Allowed for this Stress = 1.0000E11
2% "B31" Fatigue Stress Allowable = 294.8
Markl Fatigue Stress Allowable = 287.5
WRC 474 Mean Cycles to Failure = 1.3366E10
WRC 474 99% Probability Cycles = 3.1049E9
WRC 474 95% Probability Cycles = 4.3108E9
BS5500 Allowed Cycles(Curve F) = 2.1862E10
Membrane-to-Bending Ratio = 1.133
Bending-to-PL+PB+Q Ratio = 0.469
Sect VIII Ref: 4-112(l)(2),Fig.4-130.1,4-135
Plot Reference:
6) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP,Inside) Case 2

Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q+F Sa Primary+Secondary+Peak (Outer) Load Case 2
1 290 Stress Concentration Factor = 1.000
MPa MPa Strain Concentration Factor = 1.000
Cycles Allowed for this Stress = 1.0000E11
0% "B31" Fatigue Stress Allowable = 294.8
Markl Fatigue Stress Allowable = 287.5
WRC 474 Mean Cycles to Failure = 1.0711E13
WRC 474 99% Probability Cycles = 2.4882E12
WRC 474 95% Probability Cycles = 3.4545E12
BS5500 Allowed Cycles(Curve F) = 9.7834E14
Membrane-to-Bending Ratio = 1.385
Bending-to-PL+PB+Q Ratio = 0.419
Sect VIII Ref: 4-112(l)(2),Fig.4-130.1,4-135
Plot Reference:
7) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP,Outside) Case 2

Pad Outer Edge Weld

Pl+Pb+Q+F Sa Primary+Secondary+Peak (Outer) Load Case 2

5 290 Stress Concentration Factor = 1.350
MPa MPa Strain Concentration Factor = 1.000
Cycles Allowed for this Stress = 1.0000E11
1% "B31" Fatigue Stress Allowable = 286.2
Markl Fatigue Stress Allowable = 287.5
WRC 474 Mean Cycles to Failure = 1.7043E10
WRC 474 99% Probability Cycles = 3.9591E9
WRC 474 95% Probability Cycles = 5.4968E9
BS5500 Allowed Cycles(Curve F) = 4.8547E10
Membrane-to-Bending Ratio = 1.982
Bending-to-PL+PB+Q Ratio = 0.335
Sect VIII Ref: 4-112(l)(2),Fig.4-130.1,4-135
Plot Reference:
7) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP,Outside) Case 2

Branch removed from Junction

Pl+Pb+Q+F Sa Primary+Secondary+Peak (Outer) Load Case 2

1 290 Stress Concentration Factor = 1.000
MPa MPa Strain Concentration Factor = 1.000
Cycles Allowed for this Stress = 1.0000E11
0% "B31" Fatigue Stress Allowable = 294.8
Markl Fatigue Stress Allowable = 287.5
WRC 474 Mean Cycles to Failure = 5.2625E12
WRC 474 99% Probability Cycles = 1.2225E12
WRC 474 95% Probability Cycles = 1.6973E12
BS5500 Allowed Cycles(Curve F) = 3.1751E14
Membrane-to-Bending Ratio = 1.981
Bending-to-PL+PB+Q Ratio = 0.335
Sect VIII Ref: 4-112(l)(2),Fig.4-130.1,4-135
Plot Reference:
7) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP,Outside) Case 2

Table of Contents

Stress Intensification Factors

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Branch/Nozzle Sif Summary

Peak Primary Secondary SSI

Axial : 11.585 5.219 17.163 1.757
Inplane : 2.156 1.340 3.195 1.292
Outplane: 2.182 1.389 3.233 1.197
Torsion : 0.688 0.935 1.019 0.829
Pressure: 1.169 1.033 1.732 1.037

The above stress intensification factors are to be used

in a beam-type analysis of the piping system. Inplane,
Outplane and Torsional sif's should be used with the
matching branch pipe whose diameter and thickness is given
below. The axial sif should be used to intensify the
axial stress in the branch pipe calculated by F/A. The
pressure sif should be used to intensify the nominal
pressure stress in the PARENT or HEADER, calculated
from PDo/2T. B31 calculations use mean diameters and
Section VIII calculations use outside diameters. SSIs are
based on peak stress factors and correlated test results.

Pipe OD : 114.300 mm.

Pipe Thk: 8.560 mm.
Z approx: 75169.555 cu.mm.
Z exact : 69995.781 cu.mm.

(SSI = SIF^x) Axial Inpl Outpl Tors Pres

SIF/SSI Exponents: 0.674 0.381 0.421 0.180 0.207

SIF/SSI exponent based on relationship between primary and

peak stress factors from the finite element analysis.

B31.3 Branch Pressure i-factor = 386.422

Header Pressure i-factor = 2.339

The B31.3 pressure i-factors should be used with with

F/A, where F is the axial force due to pressure, and
A is the area of the pipe wall. This is equivalent to
finding the pressure stress from (ip)(PD/4T).

B31.3 (Branch)
Peak Stress Sif .... 0.000 Axial
25.006 Inplane
33.104 Outplane
1.000 Torsional
B31.1 (Branch)
Peak Stress Sif .... 0.000 Axial
33.104 Inplane
33.104 Outplane
33.104 Torsional
WRC 330 (Branch)
Peak Stress Sif .... 0.000 Axial
46.407 Inplane
33.104 Outplane
46.407 Torsional

Table of Contents

Allowable Loads
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SECONDARY Maximum Conservative Realistic

Load Type (Range): Individual Simultaneous Simultaneous
Occuring Occuring Occuring
Axial Force ( N ) 56912. 18555. 27832.
Inplane Moment (mm. N ) 7749928. 1794802. 3807350.
Outplane Moment (mm. N ) 7658654. 1773664. 3762510.
Torsional Moment (mm. N ) 24304294. 7960070. 11940106.
Pressure (MPa ) 0.19 0.01 0.01

PRIMARY Maximum Conservative Realistic

Load Type: Individual Simultaneous Simultaneous
Occuring Occuring Occuring
Axial Force ( N ) 96363. 31268. 46902.
Inplane Moment (mm. N ) 9238479. 2119713. 4496590.
Outplane Moment (mm. N ) 8913136. 2045065. 4338237.
Torsional Moment (mm. N ) 13240790. 4296406. 6444610.
Pressure (MPa ) 0.16 0.01 0.01

NOTES:

1) Maximum Individual Occuring Loads are the maximum

allowed values of the respective loads if all other
load components are zero, i.e. the listed axial force
may be applied if the inplane, outplane and torsional
moments, and the pressure are zero.

2) The Conservative Allowable Simultaneous loads are

the maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously.
A conservative stress combination equation is used
that typically produces stresses within 50-70% of the
allowable stress.

3) The Realistic Allowable Simultaneous loads are the

maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously. A
more realistic stress combination equation is used
based on experience at Paulin Research. Stresses are
typically produced within 80-105% of the allowable.

4) Secondary allowable loads are limits for expansion

and operating piping loads.

5) Primary allowable loads are limits for weight,

primary and sustained type piping loads.

Table of Contents

Flexibilities
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Flexibilities $X

The following stiffnesses should be used in a piping,

"beam-type" analysis of the intersection. The stiff-
nesses should be inserted at the surface of the
branch/header or nozzle/vessel junction. The general
characteristics used for the branch pipe should be:

Outside Diameter = 114.300 mm.

Wall Thickness = 8.560 mm.

Axial Translational Stiffness = 5893. N /mm.

Inplane Rotational Stiffness = 9575457. mm. N /deg
Outplane Rotational Stiffness = 7311548. mm. N /deg

The following stiffness(es) were not generated because

of errors in input or because the finite element model
is stiffer than the piping model.

Torsional Rotational Stiffness

Intersection Flexibility Factors for Branch/Nozzle

:

Find axial stiffness: K = 3EI/(kd)^3 N /mm.

Find bending and torsional stiffnesses: K = EI/(kd) mm. N per radian.
The EI product is 0.81205E+12 N mm.^2
The value of (d) to use is: 105.740 mm..
The resulting bending stiffness is in units of force x length per radian.

Axial Flexibility Factor (k) = 7.044

Inplane Flexibility Factor (k) = 13.998
Outplane Flexibility Factor (k) = 18.332

Table of Contents

Finite Element Model

Finite Element Model

Elements at Discontinuity

1) Pl < 1.5(k)Smh (SUS Membrane) Case 1

2) Qb < 3(Smh) (SUS Bending) Case 1
3) S1+S2+S3 < 4S (SUS S1+S2+S3) Case 1
4) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE Inside) Case 2
5) Pl+Pb+Q < 3(Smavg) (OPE Outside) Case 2
6) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP Inside) Case 2
7) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (EXP Outside) Case 2
8) Membrane < User (OPE Membrane) Case 2
9) Bending < User (OPE Bending) Case 2
10) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF Outside) Case 3
11) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF Outside) Case 4
12) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF Outside) Case 5
13) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF Outside) Case 6
14) Pl+Pb+Q+F < Sa (SIF Outside) Case 7