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A Summary
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A. PHILIP RANDOLPH INST ITUTE

217 W est 1Z5th Street New York, N .Y. 10027

A. Philip Randolpn, fresident

Bayard ;R\ntin, Exe cifliffe-'Pirector

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FOREWOR(>
After many years of intense struggle in the courts, in
legislative halls, and on the streets, we have achieved a
number of important victories. We have come .far in our
quest for respect and d'ignity. But we have far to go.
The long journey ahead requires that we emphasize the
needs of all America's poor, for there is no way merely to
find work, or adequate housing, or quality-integrated schools
for Negroes alone. We shall eliminate slums for Negroes
when we destroy ghettos and build newel'ties for all. We
shall elimirllue unemployment for Negroes when we demand
full and fair employment for all. We shall produce an edu~
cated and skilled Negro mass when we achieve a twentieth
century educational system for all.
This human rights emphasis is an integral part of the
Freedom Budget and sets, I believe, a new and creative tone
for the great challenge we yet face. .
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference fully
endorses the Freedom Budget and plans to expend great
energy and time in working for i~ implementation.
It is not enough to project the Freedom Budget. We
must dedicate ourselves to the legislative task to see that it 1
is im"mediately and fully achieved. I pledge myself to this I
task and will urge all others to do likewise. The Freedom
Budget is eesentiaJ if the Negro people are to make further
progress. It is .essential if we are to main~in sotial peace.
It is a political nec~ssi~. It is a moral commitment to the
fundamental princip,les, on which this nation was founded.

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A "FREEDOM BUDGET" FOR ALL AMERICANS
The Freedom Budget is a practical. step-by-step plan
for wiping out poverty in America during the next I 0 years ..
It will mean more money in your pocket. It will mean
better schools for your children. It will mean better homes
for you and yo ur neighbors. It will mean dean air to breathe
and comfortable cities to live in. It will mean adequate med-
ical care when you are sick.
So where does the " Freedom" come in?
For the first t ime, everyone in Ame rica who is fit and
able to work will have a job. For the first time, everyone
who can't work, or shouldn't be working, wi ll have an income
adequate to live in comfon.and,dignity. An d that is freedom.
For fr~edom from want is the ,ba_sic freedom from which all
others llow.
This nation has learner!i .t hat it must provide freedom
for ~11 jf anyi>f us is to be fr!;. !fs.>.: Ve have learn;? tha~hal~
1
lll~~r~ a!J.e :not eJ'I.ough. 'Wf li!now th~t contmued unfa tr
tr~~9-~ Of part of ~r peapl~rbreeds m1sery and waste that
ari: ~~~tl\ ;m;~~lly inddensih1q lfnd a threat to all who aFC
bettc;r o$ ,

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I believ~, and profoundly hope, that from th is day forth

the opponents of social progress can take comfort no longer,
for not since the March on Washington has there been such
broad sponsorship and enthusiastic support for any under-
taking as has been mobil ized on behalf of "The Freedom
Budget for All Americans."
. ., These forces have not come together to demand help
for the Negro. Rather, we meet on a common ground of
! determination that in this, the richest and most productive
society ever known to man, the scourge of poverty can and
must be abolished-not in some distant future , not in this
1 L generation, but within the next ten years I
l
r The tragedy is that the workings of our economy so
I often pit the white poor and the black poor against each
other at the bottom of society. The tragedy is that groups
only one generation removed from poverty themselves,
haunted by the memory of scarcity and fearful of slipping
I back, step on the fingers of those struggling up the ladder.
'-
And the tragedy is that not only the poor, the nearly
poor, and the once poo r, but all Americans, are the victims
of our failure as a na~io!l to distribute democratically the
fruits of our abundance. f.'Of, directly or indirectly, not one
of U$ is, untouched by the sthdy spread of slums, the decay
of our dities, the segregatloo and overcrowding of our public
sthoolsl fhe shocking d~~orioration of our hospitals, the
--
I vial:enc,,~nd chaos in oar &treets, the idleness of able-bod(ed
m~n Jeprived of work, and the :111gui~hcd dcm.,ralit.;ttinn oi
our youth.
For better or worse, wear<' one nation and on< P<'opk.
\Ve shall solve our problems toget her o r togcthn we shall
enter a new c r~ o f socia l Jisordcr anti disintcj!ratiou.
\Vhat we need is an overall pl:l n of a tt a<k.
This is what the "Freedom BuJgct'' is. It is nut vision
ary or utopian. It is fe asible. It is concrct<' It is specific. It
is quantitati ve. lt talks Joll~rs :1nJ cents. It sets go:1ls and
priorities. [t tells how these can he nch ie veJ . .'\ nd it places
the res ponsibility fo r leadership with the F ederal Govern-
ment, which alone has the resou rces equa l to the task.
The "Freedom Budget" is not a call for a hanJout.
It is a challenge to the best t radi tion s and possibi lities of
Amerj~a . It .is ~ call to those who have grown weary of
slogans and gestures to rededicate themselves to the cause
of so ci al reconstruction. It is a plea to men of goocl will to
give tangible substance to long-proclaimed ide als .

..~ t ..

President,
A. Philip Randolph lnJtitulf
,~

October 26, 1966

As A . Philip Randolph put it : ''Here in these United
States, where there can be no economic or technical_ excuse
for it, poverty is not only a priva te tragedy but, in a sense,
a public crime. It is above all a challenge to our morality."
The Freedom Budget would make that challenge the
lever we can grasp to wipe out poverty in a decade.
Pie in the sky? .
Not on your life. J ust simple recognition of d\e fact
that we as a nation neve r had it so good. That we have the
ability and the means to provide adequately for everyone.
That simple justice requires us to see that everyone--whi te
or black; in the city or on the farm; fisherman or mountaineer
-may have his share in our national wealth.
The moral case for the Freedom Budgtt is compelling.
In a time of unparalleled prosperity\ there are 34 mil-
lion Ame ri cans living in poverty. Another 28 million live

o.
WHAT W HAV TO WORK W)TH r -~ ----- - -- --- - ------
Gros,s NatOnal Pfodutl ~ n B1lhons of 1964 Ooll<:~r ~

TOIA1
2442 4

The Freedom Budget shows how to do all this without

a raise in taxes and without a single make-work job-by
planning prudently N OW to use the economic growth of the
future, and with adequate attention to our international
commitments.
The key is jobs. .
We can all recognize that the. major cause of poverty
could be eliminated, if enough decently paying jobs were .I
available for everyone willing and able to work. And we can
also recognize that, with enough jobs for all, a basic cause
of discrimination among job-seekers would automatically dis-
appear.
What we must also recoguize is that we now have the
means of achieving complete employment-at no increased
cost, with no radical change in our economic system, and at
no co~t to our present national goals--if we are willing to
commit ourselves totally to this achievement.

10
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I hat is what the Freedom Budget is all about.
It asks that we unite in insisting that the na tion plan
now to use part o f its ex pe cted econom ic growt h to eliminate
poverty.
Where will the jobs come from? What will we use for
money?
If all our nation's wealth were divided equally among
a ll us Americans, each share would be worth roughly $3,500.
Of this, we grant to the F ede ral government a slice equal to
roughly $500 in the form of taxes, leaving us an average pf
about $3,000 to spend on our other needs.
If our nation 's productivity continues growing at the
same rate as irt recent years-and it will if the Freedom
Budget is adopted-each s hare will grow to about $5,000.
T h us, the Federal government's slice will grow to $700,
with the present Federal tax structure, and we will still han
$4,300 left for our other needs.
Whnt the: Freed om Budget p roposes is tbis: Budget a
fr11.ction of the: $200 increase in Federal tax revenues to pro-
\ride jobs for all who can work artd adequatcim;ome of other
types for those who cannot.

11
WHAT HAPPENS TO YOUR
TAX$ WHEN NATIONAL
INCOME GOES UP
PR CAPITA
fEDERAL

.-It--
-- -
$663 BILltON Gross Nal Ofl~l Ptod\ltt
194 6 MILL ION People
Ti'X

$ll 20 BILLION Gross Natu~na t Ptodoct

226 MILLION People
$700

No doles. No skimping on nation~ I defense. No tampe r-

ing with pri vate supply and demand.
Just an enlightened self-interest, using what we have in
I the best possible way.
>'I By giving the poor a chance to become dignified wage
.!
!< earners, we will be generating the money to finance the im-
provements we all need-rich a nd poor al ike. And we would
J be doing it by making new jobs with new money, so that no
one who is now earning his own living would suffer.
The Freedom Budget recognizes t!rat the Federal gov-
ernment must take the lead in attaining the eradication of
poverty.
The Federal government alone represents a!! 200 mil-
lion American individuals. It alone has the resources for a
comprehensive job. And it has the responsibility for fulfilling
the needs which are the basis for the Freedom Budget plan.
First, here's where the jobs would be coming from:
-Right now, the nation should begin budgeting to re-
place the 9.3 million "seriously deficient" housing units that
make living in them a misery otYtd form slums that are a blight
upon our land.

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The housing program contained in the Freedom Budget
would have practically all Americans decently housed by
197 5-while providing a wide range of jobs for the unem
ployed in housing construction and urban redevelopment.
-Critical shortages of water and power persist in many
highly populated' areas. Air and waters remain polluted. Rec
reation 6aci!iries are una.vailable for those who need them
most.
The Freedom Budget proposes the creation of millions
of jobs in a program that will correct these p,ressing prob- \
!ems.
-We need, at a conservative estimate, 100,000 new
public classrooms a year for the next six years, as well as
consid~rab!e 11xpansion of our institutions of higher learning.
Ohly the Federal g,overnment can meet the largest share
of th~se ~eqs, )IS well as providing for the hundreds of
thousand$'1f pe~ teachers who also will be needec;L
-.'ttf mpst; gouble our rate of hospital cons.truction if
~e are to eep !l~ witlh our mihif!1u~ r.equiremel}ts in ~his
field', aud we ttlu~t crnpand reha.S'.iluatlOn and outp<ftle'nt
facilit\ie&.
Sl t:O.O 100 0\

ot U18 0 t40.0t

$662.7 !OO,O'J.

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As these and other programs swell the number of pro-
ductive wo,rkers, cut down unemployment and increase con-
. sumption, the private sector of our nationa l economy will
inevitably grow also.
The Freedom Budget recognizes that full employment
. by itself is not enough to eradicate poverty. Therefor.e, it
also proposes- and budgets for- a $2-an-hour Federal
minimum wage covering everyone within Federal jurisdic-
tion; a new farm program to provide adequate income to
the 43 per cent of far m families whO now live in poverty;
and immediate improvements in Soc-ial Sec-u rity, welfare, un-
employment compensation, workmen's compensation and
other programs desi~ed to support those wh6 cannot or
should not work.

Where '\ll>li~l the money come hom?

The Freedom Budget rec-ognizes that we cannot spend
what we do not produce. T.t also recognizes that we must
sp.end wisely what we do produce.
It proposes that a portion of our future growth-one
thirteenth of what can reasonably he expected to be a vail able
-be earma~ked for the eradication of poverty. The Free-
dom .&u:dgeq propesed outlay of $185 billion in !@years
;sounds'} fike a great de'al of money, and it is a great deal of
morreJi;
. , ~tt,ft will CQrnc fr.Qrn the c!'xpansion of our ec-onomy
'l !; t~a~ ' w!f11ir;l lf!l!;ft ~e the result of wise use. of t~at very $1_85
t'il . btij'!i -~ .!j.~~}~~U1l(\ ho~es an_d schools, iProv1de recreat1on
I ... i
l
I rre .,.:~4~ '1-~t~s. I~Jwtll tnu_n teachers' an_dl_nurses.
. ~.l!W; , -~~f4e a\aequate 1nc?me~ t.o r:rul1on~ who now
~ 4o 11:-?i~~~Yili.. , ~r(!. An~ thdse mtlho11s. wtll 111 turn buy goods
., fi!e~(l!~\'!~~w~ .
; . ;, ' .S.W!hcl\~;~~ :e.a~~~e'}1f ,today ~ill ?ene~t as _well. His
!: _ l
Ia; , , r :e~~tf].~;~iig~ an~111!,&J~-~t~~rpe?t ~-fIt f~ w~ll be tnGre ased.
: . 1 r ?t 'fT:fMj~Bp~t!l!)ft:te ; .~w-pf!~.,_~~~~ntctr.pn~e wtll mer ease.

I .. j
~ ~1 ~t i ,, ! l~~~.i'~~~ih<i~~~niff ~l'\1Jl~.a:p4' d~conU$!,nt wi!k be
I, ';::"'.il.im.!~slle&i~~Ffs"i~wr:rfat;at:<hi'i#nlpg(Jl "&wamp)cuts <{~wn
II\' ; .J.-; ~ I ,< ~1:. r.'~J 'I J
'l' 1~f -~~i~: j-"1 .

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WHAT THE rREEDOM BU DGET MEANS
FOR FAMILY INCOMES
Number o1 f amUies (mil~onS)

0)

9.1
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>
' 21.8

1964 1970
actv&l soal

the bree:ding of mosquitoes, and the causes of discrimiqation

will be considerably reduced.
But t~e F;fe~dom Budget can_not become rea lity without
a natioital It a concentrated commitment by
~11 'the expressod i.n concrete goal;s..and
These go?.ls ~nd pro- .
utJnosJ the ellorts of state and

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THE "FREEDOM BUDGET":

<t)URS'110NS AND ANSWERS
l. Aren't We Making Pro!!rC'i!' in E1imin~ting l'ovcrr>
Through tbA.Kind of Sharp L'conomic Growth \Ve'vc Had
in the Past 'Two Years? 'What r-; cw Dimensions Doe~
the "Freedem Budget'' Add?
There is no evidence that the economic growth of~the
two ye~rs dented p~verty. Economic
~1el!p,m:Jitj,lln. far :lbolispi~ pbv~rty, but it is not
:........ ~ ..... b~ :W..!ied' pro~ms that reach
;itu:.rei _!Ntrit@~'~:;; dist:ributi~n of Q.ur abundance.
lfitii~'~;h:?;d)Ji~li()n atlt~etli\by the 1~Fteedom Budget."
l't;:\l&j'~t1)S to Help tl'ie Poor ~eally Enable Them to
rts1~.ea.k of Pover'ty?
r
3. How :\!any of the Peopk i11 l'on:rl)' . \rt ( ;apahk nl
I hndling Johs and How \I any \VoulJ Take Johs it Thq
Were OR'ered?
First of all, 20% of those in poverty are in families
whose bre~dwinners already work full-time but at wages
below the poverty level. Another 40rc are victims of un-
~ . employment or underemployment; their problem is not
unwillingness to work but the absence of jobs. Thus, fully
60% of the poverty problem could be elimlnated if we /

ach\evecf full e~plpymcnt at deccn~ wages. .

"The remamtng 40% of those tn poverty etther cannot
or shoqld_not be working. Inc\.uded are the physically dis-
abli!d, the elderly, women with young children, etc. For
tbem tl).<t "Freedom Budget" demands improved-public as-
sislf.!nce, isocial security and oth'er payments, culminating
1 i~ a guaranteed annual income."
- O)lr pas,t expe~i.ence shows that federal programs such
~-s~hf mQ~*ssiive:-fAcome tax, social security~ pitotectio,il of
~l~~'V~ - b~1-~it'ln'g~ and others have f:iised the income
te\fHil!oli millior(s .bf:peoP,Je-. ..
' '
' .-4. Won't the- Spending 6[ So Much \1oney ;\!Jean the Crea
of More Government Agencies and .lust Expand
fl. \VJ>crc \\'ill ,\11 IIH.: \lone) Conw Frno n '-
From wha t the "Freedom Budget" calls the "economic
growth dividend.'' If we put all of our resources to work, the
country's total production will jump from $663 billion in
1965 to roughly $1.2. trillion in 1975. To reach this figure,
the gross national product would rise eac.:h year by an average
of $244 billion. Thus, over a ten-year period, the aggregate
increase in the gross national product would be $2.4 trillion
l higher than if the economy remained at its pres\nt level.
(See grar>h~ p. 10) This is what is meant by "economic
growth dividend." At present tax rates, such a dividend
would result i!l an additional $400 gillion or more in Federal
revenues over t he next decade. It is from these additional
revenues that the "Freedom Budget" proposes the alloca-
tion of $185 billion to meet OJ.Ir critical social needs.
7. Aren't We Asking the Arnerican Public to Dc,ole a Tre-
mendous Amount of Money to H~lp Ju.t a Small Group
Within Our Socicty?':-
While it is true that poverty afflicts only a minority
of Americans, it reflects a malfunctioning of our national
economy which affects all Americans. The persistence of un-
employt;tent and underuse of resources detract frsm our
total w~lth. Had there been maximum employment and
produ~tion~hetwten 1953-65, as wou.ld have been achitved
. under p~.qgqlins such as those p}Qposed in the Freedom
I:Smjgtt, our gross ,!).ationa1 -p roduet woutd ha;ve been $550
UIIIIUI! Olll:rJ,~r, tOtoi'1 \)i'ivate COhSUmJitiOn WOpld have been
lind public revenues would have been
>fU'f>l."'l.l n~g~.et: .1\:ll .1\merican.s would have shared l.n

depr.ived of the contribution

"eol(sume(rs, to- our
':U!Jl!oti.~lj'c~!:l tiy th~ s_pr.e~ of
t:Jle :h~'ma,n w,a:ste
~Mt:C:Jr: clil ~ylilffi :Am.eria;n
~!@~lM1 ~~& tw#.gr ~ant-
.. ..fl.,'
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X. \\ lHdd ~01. . 1 ..;,_?_1!0 \l u)JH HJ~. : \ \ I. ;

t.' u;rur ...,J{ t.c.ha:\. 1lt<.. .-.....: uuh~;~ t ' .! <i ..

This is a standard. argument against higher mmrmum
wages, but it has no .basis in fact. There was no increase
in unemployment when minimum wages were raised in 1961
and ag~in in I %3. On the contrary, because a $2.00 mini
.mum wage would boost consumer purchasing power, total
employment would probably rise.
Government programs should l:te established to help
"' small enterprises achieve greater efficiency and to tide t hem
over while they are adjusting to payment of a living wage.
' l. \-\'on r $ IRS 1\illi<ui- ).lore in ~r><:nd iu;! ( :n:a !, s.,d, ! l i h
Demand lor (;ood, and Sen i<:c< T h.t Sha q i lt)(l: l! i. on \\i ll
B<> Jne, irahle:.:
T here is no evidence of serious shortages in goods at
present. Should such shortages develop, however, or if
f l

tendencies toward inflation threaten, the " Freedom Budget"

contends. tll,at the Federal Government has sufficient fiscal
and monetafy tools to deal with th e problem, without scuttl-
ing our commitment to abolish poverty.

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WHAT YOU CAN DO
1. The objectives outlined in the "Freedom Budget for All
Americans," can only be achieved when all those who ad-
vocate its adoption are registered voters. Carry on a voter
registration campaign iri your area and demand that candi-
dates for office tell you where they stand on the Freedom
Budget.
2. Order copies of this summary for members of your
club, trade union, neighborhood association, fraternal and
religious groups.
3. Order copies of the expanded, "A Freedom B\ldget for
All Americlns," for your local public and school libraries,
keep several on hand fo,r reference work.
4. Hold meeting for the gen~ral public about the Freedom
Budget.
5. Set-up small study groups to relate the demands of the
freedom Budget to the needs of your community.
6. Write to the Randolph Institute if you need help in plan-
ni-ng meeting$, if you rre~<,d a speaker, or if you would like a
field secretary help you organize activities in behalf of the
Budget.
1.._I .J ' "-. ~ t \ -i t' I I . i .( ,
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The "F~edom,. Budget" embodies a fundamental approach to

the elimination of pove,rty for all Americans, regardless of color, and
has other t:s!iential purposes. While not necessarily endorsig every
detail, I am in broad agreement with its basic objectives and broad
outlines. --.
1. W. AnL, P~aident RrcKAII.D A. CLOWAab
United Steetworken of America Prof. Sociology, Columbia Univ.
Moues B. A..A~ President .CNAz:.u CoG elf, 1\rH!dent
American jcwiah t.:ommiuec Arneric.:au Federatidh of Teachen
MATKiw AIOfAKN, Executive Director E&.t S. ColiER, Ezecutiwe Secre~r)l'
Catholic Coof. Interracial Junic-e Natl. Comm. ou Employment of Youth
AaMot.D AaoNaoM, E:r:ec1,1tivc Di~tor J.Aclt T. Cowwu..._Execulive Di~ctor
Lcaderalaip Confereuc;~: on Clvtl Rirbtt lncluatrial Unioa uept., AFJ.,.CIO .
DAvm T. B"nLON
, .JoB'l( C. CoaT. P~clent
Writer National Cath. Social Action Conf.
1os ltPR A. Bxn.n Preaident Rav. JonN F. CRoNIN, S.S. AnL Dir.
Comm\ln.ication W'orkera of Aa:nerica Dept. Social Action
ou&r. 8Jtz:.l. N1.tiou.l Catholic Wdfarc Conf.
Prof. Soc:ioloay, Columbl& Univ. D.Avm D.um~
FAT Bztnurr1, becutive Director
Prof. Social Work. Colombia Univ.
Narioaal Sharecroppera Fund JoaiPR E. Duu1. Preai.dent
Eun.a BNOIT Carver Fed. Savinp ~ Loan Ann.
Prof. Ec:cmomica, Columbia Univ. , Oastr DAVIB
Actor and ,Playwright
favltfo BWQ'l'OWtt.-'A.t~rct.
United Auto \VoraA of America Rav. TRoab" N. DA.vza, S.J.
Editor~u-Chid, A!MrW11
Et i ~ Bo&UH, President
Rlbbioka{ Auembly Run Dn
.R.Qau.T E. Boxo-r Actren
Conaultaot D. L Duwvs. Int1. Vite Pru.
RICHAitiJ W. BooMs. Exec. Dlr. Bro. Sleepins Ca:r Portera
CiJfzen Cru~tde Apiut Poverty Lzwm.C.DoWDY1 ..Pre.&dent
w~~a. io~ Exii:. Di~t.or Alric. and Technical Col~e of N.C.
N.Y.C. Cormnt.~ ~n !tqm~ Riahta S1'. Cr..m. Di.us
Prof. Socl9low. ROOIC'Yelt UDiv.
ALe.Ka't It DUIUo\C!It It.~acx. Dir.
Epiacopal Soc~ Cult.. A: Rar;au Unit
Rd. Roa~V puuw, S.j., Dean
.BcJRGil con~ Llw SdaoaJ
QA'i!Q Duanian, Former Pmident
. ll.GWO; V~pj'Ptc~. AF{,CIO
,,._--~--_llVMHIOlr, Formu C'milfiouer
or.:.~,;y: ,...-"0'1'~ of Wclan

;~~~:~:~~:. Di1ctor

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NAT HllMTOrJr. Autbor
Tlw N,. f1U1lity
STUUY P. Ha. . uT, Chairman
Ntioual Catholit Commuaity Servia
M.oa. Gaoac& S. HaG<III(" Director
Nul. CathoDe: Welfare Confenace
Noaau.J{_HILL._Stalr R.e~relentativ.
Juduat. Union Dept.. ;DL-CIO
Joati L S. HoLLOMAX, Ja., M.D.
Chair!Jlan, Natioul Medical Aa1n.
la'Q.ck Hoa9wm
p;or. Sodolou. Waahil\l'tOI\ Univ.
Gaoaoa M . Houau;"'Ezec. Direct-or
Ameriaan Committe on Africa
lavJwc HoWE, Editor
Dusn# Masa!:ine \
M.ux D.aW. Howa
Ptof. Law, Harvard'Law School
DAVID R. Hu~ I!sii!C. Dinctnr
St.~m FmiJ7 Fund
Rollft A. JAcK, Director
Dept.. Soc. "Rap., United URivenal An.
R.u~ J. }.Act~x. Odmtu
SoUthern Beauty ConpoeH
lbv. F.
COm. Soc.
C.l.u.a.Air.Direct~
ct.. Mctb. Epia. Ch.
G&oacas.IAwa. Former ComDlinloner
.
N.Y.C. ll)ept. Of Health
Ta~u MuU.,.. JQJtiK,, Pm.
.
Alb_,.y State COUeat
PAUJ. jiJ.nqircl' Pre~~
EleetriC.lf Radl'b k Machine Workert,
'
.A..-L-SO-CLC ,I
MolD~c.u Ja~ Porarer Praide11t
Howard Unive..-lty
Vuxox E. ]OIUIfl }a. Direetor
Voter Educ:. ProT Soud.: Rq. Cn~.

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jiMMY LJTT.Lit, ~itur .F.LuMo" H. NoaTON, Aan. Lqal Dir.
N,., Yo,.. Co.,~ Ameri~an Civil Liberti~ UniQ.G
Aancua J, LooAlll, M.D., Former Chairma. Fuou1cJt O'NBA'-. Preaident
Haryou-Act Acton Equity
Eowa'lf J. Luua, Oil'eetor .. L. )OUPN Ov&aTOif, Natl. Sec:.
Civil RuSoc:. AcL, Amor. Jew. Com. NqTo AmeriCAn lAbor Cncl.
Fi.OYD McKrnJc~. Natl. Oir. RtcHAI.D P~oaartR, Trenurer
Conan11 of Racial Equality N~ro Americart Labor Cncl.
B. F. McLAuUJr, Zone Supv. ~~u G. P,.TTO,, Former Prtfident
8ro:Stcepinr Car Portera National FartUeB Union
Col.ltli:t.JA E. McNAWAlA Nul. Dir. Huot.D L. Pn.ouu, Exec. Sec.
Bh. for Equal Educ., U.S. Youth Cncl. Frontiere International
1'. 0. McNua.. lntl Vice Prea. Au~tu PnfoM, National Pr~.
Dro. Steepin1 Car Portcrt Community Servi~ Orrniution
Al..auT E. MI\!Utt.Y, Prelident Wtt.UAII Pot.LOCil, Pre.idcn\,.
Spelman Collcae Textile Workers oF .yteric
GA.t'Til L. MAHCUu, Exec. Dir. }A.cB S. P01"0FSitY, l'ruident
UpjohntlJtat. for Eroploy. Rcaeuc:h Amal,~tamat~ Oothing Worker.
FATJICk PNJLtP MAaQuuo oC Ametic:a AFL-CIO
Third Ordctr St. Funcia,Cbitago
C. B. Powat.L, Publiaher
Du1<~1< MAelsAW., Vicc-l"tc.;<lc"t ,t.,.,tnd ., NttWJ
[ntl. B~
Macbinea CorporAtion
Oa. H. R. Parau.s, Preeident
Mu:a M.uAullA, Wuftinaton Repretentative National Dcnul AuociatioQ
Japaneae Citiz.eaa American Cititena League
RA .. t }OACHJU PuNt, Former Prea.
Wu'" M,.a.ow, Encuti" Oir. Amcricaa }ewllh Consi"CCt
American JeWh ConlfeM
BEKJAIUll E. MAYS, Preaident
Lu RArnv"ua
Prof. Ecoa., Wuhin1ton Univ.
Morchoute Collcae
A; PRJUP RAMDOJ.J'Jf, Preticlent
Gcoaolt E. M"&Aau, Grud Baaileus Bro. Slccpins Car Porters
Omep Pai Plai Fraternity, hte.
Ja.BPR L. RA.u, }a.. Vice-Cbrrn.
MA~~n,. Mz..uy, Exec. Plr. At'Derie&n~ for Dernoaatk Action
Natt.-coundlCathoUc W~
L. [). RIIDDliCit
SI\OJ. H. MpD&.tiVJ'(J; Prof. Hut., Coppin St. Collesc
Prcn. Law, Rutfera r..w School
LSlAII M,nfJtOf'F, Secretary
Kun IhJCK81lT, Aaaoc. Prof. .
Natf. Commanfty Serv AdviJOtT Cncl.
Soc. Wrk . Retean:b, Brya Mawr Colle,e
Joa&l'tr McnrtaaaA1', Director W .u,-rsa P. RaUTH a, President
'Pueno RlelJ\ M~tlon Oivftion United Auto Worken of AroeriQ.
.R7. Re:v. Mac-. Cucoii.Y L. Mootrn HouoJt E. Rano~-M
Dlr., K~tnnedy Community Center Gr11nd Eulud Ruler
[mproved Bene. Ord. Ellct of the World
J UaJN B. Mou&~ EMCuttve Dil'. 1),. YID RlUKAlll'
Epat. Soc:iQty Cn~turallt4eid Uni1y
p._ J~~w Moauc.t., Aut. Dir.
Prof. Sociology, Harvard Uuiv. .. .,.
N~t). ~Unj.~dv,.nce. C()lored ~pic FunRtaaMu
'prof. Educati, New York Univ.
EM4\MIIIt. ~MVCttli.LN'atl. Dir. ~
j~\1(dt w'SOr CommiJ~e C.~~&J.AKD RQBUiaotf, Pn:lld4utt
N~ Amoricia Labor Council
j~R B. Rft'ii'l&o'N.
Com.. Law a:tl~IU
Aalerlc.n CoJ~rea
MtCHA.liL WAt.Dit.
?rof, Politiul Sci., Harvard Univ.
Rowt.AND WAm, Preaident
Worlcen Dd'cnae wsue
NAT. Wtz..-uq, Director
8~. Ptoj. ~ ECon. Analyait, UA W
lUat A'coa w~ITKJlfJ. Pn:tident
C.sntra[ Conf,.AJherican ..Kabbia
H~wTU P. W~TOM, Prnideot
IntL Unao~ ()peratiua Engineera
KATt&
Nad.
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1f.s.u..ir:rnWa--JN
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E. W..mcux, Prttident
. Gulturf1t1 ~ague
~ wa-Cc)'t""'iUiti:tit
Ned. ~swl... W~,_re
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Anembly
Roy W~ !'iecutive Director
.N'ttl~ Aun .1A~lf~. Colored People
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