Industrial Systems

B90 Bus Differential Relay and Breaker Failure Protection

• Cost-efficient
• Good performance
• Modern communications capability
• Member of the Universal Relay (UR) family
• Easy integration with other URs
• Common configuration tool for all B90 IEDs
• Proven algorithms (B30) and hardware (UR)
• Expandable
• Two levels of scalability (modules and IEDs)

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Industrial Systems

Busbar Protection Schemes

GE offer Approach
PVD • High-impedance / linear couplers
SPD
– non-configurable busbars
– cheap relay, expensive primary equipment
Any • Blocking schemes for simple busbars
BUS • Analog low / medium - impedance schemes
B30 • Digital relays for small busbars
• Digital relays for large busbars
B90 • Phase-segregated cost-efficient digital relays
for large busbars NEW!

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Industrial Systems

Why Digital Bus Relay?

• Re-configurable busbars require dynamic assignment

of currents to multiple zones
– expensive and dangerous when done externally on
secondary currents (analog way)
– natural and safe when done “in software”
• Breaker Fail for re-configurable busbars is naturally
integrated with the bus protection
• No need for special CTs (cost)
• Relaxed requirements for the CTs (cost)
• Advantages of digital technology

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Industrial Systems

Design Challenges for Digital Busbar Relays

• Reliability
• Security:
– Immunity to CT saturation
– Immunity to wrong input information
• Large number of inputs and outputs required:
– AC inputs (tens or hundreds)
– Trip rated output contacts (tens or hundreds)
– Other output contacts (tens)
– Digital Inputs (hundreds)
• Large processing power required to handle al the data

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Industrial Systems

Traditionally Two Distinctive Architectures are Offered

Distributed Bus Protection Centralized Bus Protection

52 52 52 52 52 52

DAU DAU DAU

CU
CU

copper
copper
fiber

• Fits better new installations • Fits better retrofit installations

• Perceived less reliable • Perceived more reliable

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• Potentially faster

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Industrial Systems

New Architecture – Digital Phase-Segregated Busbar Scheme

Phase A • Foundation:
iA, vA TRIPA
Protection – Single-phase IEDs for primary
differential protection
Phase B – Separate IEDs for Breaker
iB, vB TRIPB
Protection Failure and extra I/Os
– Inter-IED communications for
Phase C sharing digital states
iC, vC TRIPC
Protection
– Scalability and flexibility
Breaker
Failure

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Industrial Systems

B90 Capacity

• Up to 24 circuits in a single zone without voltage

supervision
• Multi-IED architecture with each IED built on modular
hardware
• Up to 24 AC inputs per B90 IED freely selectable
between currents and voltages (24+0, 23+1, 22+2, ..)
• Up to 96 digital inputs per B90 IED
• Up to 48 output contacts per B90 IED
• Flexible allocation of AC inputs, digital inputs and
output contacts between the B90 IEDs

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Industrial Systems

B90 Features and Benefits

• Maximum number of circuits in one zone: 24

• Number of zones : 4
• Busbar configuration: No limits
• Sub-cycle tripping time
• Security (only 2msec of clean waveforms required for stability)
• Differential algorithm supervised by CT saturation detection and
directional principle
• Dynamic bus replica, logic and signal processing
• No need for interposing CTs (ratio matching up to 32:1)
• CT trouble per each zone of protection
• Breaker failure per circuit
• End fault protection (EFP) per circuit
• Undervoltage supervision per each voltage input
• Overcurrent protection (IOC and TOC) per circuit

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• Communication, metering and recording

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Industrial Systems

B90 Applications

• Busbars:
– Single
– Breaker-and-a-half
– Double
– Triple
– With and without transfer bus
• Networks:
– Solidly grounded
– Lightly grounded (via resistor)
– Ungrounded

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Industrial Systems

B90 Architecture Overview

• Phase-segregated multi-IED system built on Universal

Relay (UR) platform
• Each IED can be configured to include up to six
modules:
– AC inputs (up to 3 x 24 single phase inputs)
– Contact outputs (up to 6 x 8)
– Digital Inputs (up to 6 X 16)
– Variety of combinations of digital inputs and output
contacts
• Fast digital communications between the IEDs for
sharing digital states

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Industrial Systems
B90
UR #1 Phase A Protection
B90 Architecture

COMMS
CPU
DSP

DSP

DSP
PS

I/O

I/O

I/O
• No A/C data traffic
• No need for sampling
phase A currents & voltages
synchronization,
straightforward relay phase A trip contacts

configuration - all A/C signals UR #2 Phase B Protection

“local” to a chassis

COMMS
•

CPU
DSP

DSP

DSP
Data traffic reduced to I/Os

I/O

I/O

I/O
PS
• Direct I/Os (similar to existing

fiber, ring configuration

UR Remote I/Os) used for phase B currents & voltages
exchange of binary data phase B trip contacts

• Oscillography capabilities
multiplied (available in each UR #3 Phase C Protection
IED separately)

COMMS
CPU
DSP

DSP

DSP
I/O

I/O

I/O
PS
• Programmable logic
(FlexLogic) capabilities
multiplied phase C currents & voltages

• SOE capabilities multiplied phase C trip contacts

• Extra URs in a loop for more UR #4 Bus Replica & Breaker Fail

I/Os

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COMMS

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CPU
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
PS

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Industrial Systems

B90 Components: Protection IEDs

• Modular architecture (from 2 to 9 modules)

• All modules but CPU and PS optional
• Up to 24 AC inputs total (24 currents and no
voltages, through 12 currents and 12
8 AC single-phase inputs

8 AC single-phase inputs

8 AC single-phase inputs
voltages)

Other UR-based IEDs

• Three I/O modules for trip contacts or extra
digital inputs
• Features oriented towards AC signal
processing (differential, IOC, TOC, UV, BF
current supervision)
Power Supply

Comms
DSP 3
DSP 1

DSP 2
CPU

I/O

I/O

I/O

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B90
B90is
isbuilt
builton
onUR
URhardware
hardware(4
(4years
yearsof
offield
fieldexperience)
experience)

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Industrial Systems

B90 Components: Logic IEDs

• Modular architecture (from 2 to 9 modules)

• All modules but CPU and PS optional
• Up to 96 digital inputs or
• 48 output contacts or
• Virtually any mix of the above

Other UR-based IEDs

• Features oriented towards logic functions (BF
logic and timers, isolator monitoring and
alarming)
Power Supply

Comms
CPU
I/O

I/O

I/O
I/O

I/O

I/O

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B90
B90is
isbuilt
builton
onUR
URhardware
hardware(4
(4years
yearsof
offield
fieldexperience)
experience)

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Industrial Systems

B90 Scheme for Large Busbars

Dual (redundant) fiber with
3msec delivery time between
neighbouring IEDs. Up to 8
B90s/URs in the ring

Phase A AC signals and

trip contacts

Phase B AC signals and Phase C AC signals and

trip contacts trip contacts

Digital Inputs for isolator

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Industrial Systems

Security of the B90 Communications

• Dual (redundant) ring – each message send

simultaneously in both directions
• No switching equipment (direct TX-RX connection)
• Self-monitoring incorporated
• Information re-sent (repeated) automatically
• 32-bit CRC
• Default states of exchanged flags upon loss of
communications (allows developing secure
applications)

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Industrial Systems

B90 Communications

• The communications feature (Direct I/Os) requires

digital communications card (dual-port 820nmm LED)
• Up to 96 inputs / outputs could be sent / received
• Up to 8 UR IEDs could be interfaced
• When interfacing with other URs, 32 inputs / outputs
are available
• The Direct I/O feature is modeled on UCA GOOSE but
is sent over dedicated fiber (not LAN) and is optimized
for speed
• User-friendly configuration mechanism is available
• Simple applications do not require communications

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Industrial Systems

Typical B90 Applications for Large Busbars

ZONE 1
7 to 24 feeders

1 2 3 23 24

ZONE 1

Basic: 87 & BF
ZONE 2
for less than 16
feeders

23 24
Extended: BF for more
than 16 feeders
1 2 3 21 22
Full version: 24 Feeders
with BF.

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Industrial Systems

Typical B90 Applications for Large Busbars

ZONE 1

7 to 24 feeders

1 3 21 23

2 4 22 24

ZONE 2

ZONE 2
ZONE 1 23 24
7 to 24 feeders

1 2 11 12 13 22

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Industrial Systems

B90 and Small Single Busbars – 8-circuit busbar

8 phase-C currents
8 phase-A currents

8 phase-B currents
One
OneB90
B90IEDIEDwith
with33zones
zones
could protect a single
could protect a single
8-circuit
8-circuitbusbar!
busbar!
Power Supply

DSP 3
DSP 1

DSP 2

Spare
CPU

I/O

I/O

I/O
Diff Zone 1

Diff Zone 2

Diff Zone 3

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Twolevels
levelsof
ofscalability
scalabilityallow
allow flexible
flexibleapplications
applications

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Industrial Systems

B90 and Small Single Busbars – 12-circuit busbar

Two
TwoB90
B90IEDs
IEDswith
with22zones

8 phase-C currents
4 phase-B currents

4 phase-C currents
4 phase-A currents

8 phase-B currents
8 phase-A currents

zones
could protect a single
could protect a single
12-circuit
12-circuitbusbar!
busbar!
Power Supply

Power Supply
DSP 3

DSP 1
DSP 1

DSP 2

DSP 2

Spare
Spare

Spare
Spare
CPU

CPU
I/O

I/O
I/O

I/O

I/O

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Twolevels
levelsof
ofscalability
scalabilityallow
allow flexible
flexibleapplications
applications

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Industrial Systems

B90 and Small Single Busbars – 16-circuit busbar

Three
ThreeB90
B90single-zone
single-zoneIEDs
IEDs
could protect a single
could protect a single

8 phase-C currents
8 phase-C currents
8 phase-A currents

8 phase-B currents

8 phase-B currents
8 phase-A currents

16..24-circuit
16..24-circuitbusbar!
busbar!
Power Supply

Power Supply

Power Supply
DSP 1

DSP 2

Spare

DSP 1

DSP 2

Spare

DSP 1

DSP 2

Spare
Spare
Spare

Spare
Spare

Spare
Spare
CPU

CPU

CPU
I/O

I/O

I/O
I/O

I/O

I/O

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Twolevels
levelsof
ofscalability
scalabilityallow
allow flexible
flexibleapplications
applications

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Industrial Systems

Applicability to Ungrounded and Lightly Grounded Systems

• Three phase protection units for phase-to-phase faults and

saturation detection
• Fourth unit with AC inputs for zero-sequence differential
protection (fed from split-core or regular CTs)

Phase A Phase B Phase C

IA IB IC lts
au
lf
r na
te
ex
on
3I0 oc
k
Bl

Ground

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B90
B90can
canbe
beapplied
appliedto
tosolidly
solidlyand
andlightly
lightlygrounded

rs na
grounded

n
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as
aswell
wellas
asungrounded
ungroundedsystems
systems

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Industrial Systems

B90 Configuration Program

(1) B90 Protection system is
• URPC program used for configuration a “site” …
• Common setting file for all B90 IEDs
• All B90 can be accessed (2) That includes the
simultaneously required IEDs
• Off-line setting files can easily be
produced

(3) Functions available for

dealing with all IEDs
simultaneously

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Industrial Systems

B90 Algorithms

• Bus differential protection

• Dynamic bus replica
• Isolator monitoring and alarming
• End Fault Protection
• Breaker Failure

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Industrial Systems

CT Saturation Problem t0 – fault inception

differential t2 – fault conditions

External
fault: ideal
CTs

t2
t0 restraining

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Industrial Systems

CT Saturation Problem t0 – fault inception

differential t2 – fault conditions

External fault:
CT ratio
t2 mismatch

t0 restraining

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Industrial Systems

CT Saturation Problem t0 – fault inception

t1 – CT saturation time
t2 – CT saturated

t2
differential

External
fault: CT
saturation
t1

t0 restraining

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Industrial Systems

Differential Protection

• B90 algorithms aimed at:

– Improving the main differential function by providing
better filtering, faster response, better restraining
technique, robust switch-off transient blocking, etc.
– Incorporating a saturation detection mechanism that
would recognize CT saturation on external faults in
a fast and reliable manner
– Applying a second protection principle namely
phase directional (phase comparison) for better
security

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Industrial Systems

Bus Differential Function – Block Diagram

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Industrial Systems

B90 Differential Function – Theory of Operation

• Definition of the Restraining Current

• Operating Characteristic
• CT Saturation Detector
• Default Tripping Logic
• Customizing the Tripping Logic

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Industrial Systems

Various Definitions of the Restraining Signal

iR = i1 + i2 + i3 + ... + in “sum of”

1
iR = ( i1 + i2 + i3 + ... + in ) “scaled sum of”
n

iR = n i1 ⋅ i2 ⋅ i3 ⋅ ... ⋅ in “geometrical average”

iR = Max ( i1 , i2 , i3 ,..., in ) “maximum of”

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Industrial Systems

Restraining Current

• The amount of restraint provided by various definitions

is different; sometimes significantly different particularly
for multi-circuit differential elements such as busbar
protection
• When selecting the slope (slopes) one must take into
account the applied definition of the restraining signal
• The B90 uses the “maximum of” definition of the
restraining current

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Industrial Systems

“Sum of” vs. “Max of” definitions of restraint

• “Sum of” approach:

– more restraint on external faults; less sensitivity on internal
faults
– “scaled sum of” may take into account the actual number of
connected circuits increasing sensitivity
– characteristic breakpoints difficult to set
• “Max of” approach (B30, B90 and UR in general):
– less restraint on external faults
– more sensitivity on internal faults
– breakpoints easier to set
– better handles situations when one CT may saturate
completely (99% slope settings possible)

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Industrial Systems

Differential Function – Characteristic

|ID|

differential
OPERATE
HIGH
SLOPE

BLOCK

LOW
SLOPE IR
PICKUP

HIGH BPNT
LOW BPNT restraining

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Industrial Systems

Differential Function – Adaptive Approach

• large currents
• quick saturation possible due to
large magnitude
Region 2
• saturation easier to detect
(high differential
currents) • security required only if saturation
differential

detected

• low currents
Region 1
(low differential • saturation possible due to dc offset
currents) • saturation very difficult to detect
• more security required

restraining

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Industrial Systems

Adaptive Logic

DIF1

AND
DIR TRIP

OR
SAT OR

DIF2 AND

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Industrial Systems

Adaptive Approach

Dynamic 2-out-of-2,
1-out-of-2 operating
Region 2
mode
(high differential
currents)
differential

Region 1
(low differential
currents) 2-out-of-2
operating
mode

restraining

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Industrial Systems

Directional Principle

DIF1

AND
DIR TRIP

OR
SAT OR

DIF2 AND

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Industrial Systems

Directional Principle

• Voltage signal is not required

• Internal faults:
– all fault (“large”) currents approximately in phase

• External faults:
– one current approximately out of phase

Secondary current of

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Industrial Systems

Directional Principle

• Implementation:
– step 1: select fault “contributors”
• A “contributor”is a circuit carrying significant amount of current
• A circuit is a contributor if its current is above higher break
point
• A circuit is a contributor if its current is above a certain portion
of the restraining current
– step 2: check angle between each contributor and the sum of all
the other currents
• Sum of all the other currents is the inverted contributor if the
fault is external; on external faults one obtains an angle of 180
degrees
– step 3: compare the maximum angle to the threshold
• A threshold is a factory constant of 90 degrees
• An angle shift of more than 90 degrees due to CT saturation is

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Industrial Systems

External Fault
External Fault Conditions

 Ip 
imag  
 ID − I p  OPERATE
 
BLOCK
 Ip 
ID - I p real  
Ip  ID − I p 
 

BLOCK
OPERATE

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Industrial Systems

Internal Fault
Internal Fault Conditions

 Ip 
imag  
 ID − Ip  OPERATE
 
BLOCK
 Ip 
ID - Ip real  
 ID − I p 
 
Ip

BLOCK
OPERATE

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Industrial Systems

Saturation Detector

DIF1

AND
DIR TRIP

OR
SAT OR

DIF2 AND

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Industrial Systems

Saturation Detector t0 fault inception

t1 CT starts to saturate
t2 external fault under
heavy CT saturation
conditions
t2
differential

t1
t0 restraining

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Industrial Systems

Saturation Detector – The State Machine

NORMAL

SAT := 0

The differential
current below the saturation
first slope for condition
certain period of
time EXTERNAL
FAULT

SAT := 1
The differential-
The differential restraining trajectory
characteristic out of the differential
entered characteristic for
certain period of time
EXTERNAL
FAULT & CT
SATURATION

SAT := 1

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Industrial Systems

Saturation Detector

• Operation:
– The SAT flag WILL NOT be set during internal faults
whether or not any CTs saturate
– The SAT flag WILL be SET during external faults
whether or not any CTs saturate
– By design the SAT flag is NOT used to block the
relay but to switch to 2-out-of-2 operating principle

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Industrial Systems 200

150

100 ~1 ms
Examples – External Fault 50

-50

-100

-150

-200
0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12

The bus differential The CT saturation flag

protection element is set safely before the
picks up due to heavy pickup flag
CT saturation

Despite heavy CT
saturation the
external fault current
is seen in the
opposite direction

The element

io l
The

rs na
does not
directional flag

n
maloperate

Ve ter
is not set

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Industrial Systems

Examples – Internal Fault

The bus differential

protection element
picks up
The saturation
flag is not set - no
directional
decision required

All the fault currents

are seen in one
direction

The
The element directional
operates in flag is set

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Industrial Systems

User-Modified Tripping Logic

• All the key logic flags (DIFferential, SATuration, DIRectional) are

available as FlexLogicTM operands with the following meanings:

• BUS BIASED PKP - differential characteristic entered

• BUS SAT - saturation (external fault) detected
• BUS DIR - directionality confirmed (internal
fault)
• FlexLogicTM can be used to override the default 87B logic
• Example: 2-out-of-2 operating principle with extra security applied
to the differential principle:

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica

• Dynamic bus replica mechanism is provided by associating a

status signal with each current of a given differential zone
• Each current can be inverted prior to configuring into a zone (tie-
breaker with a single CT)
• The status signal is a FlexLogicTM operand (totally user
programmable)
• The status signals are formed in FlexLogicTM – including any
filtering or extra security checks – from the positions of switches
and/or breakers as required
• Bus replica applications:
– Isolators
– Tie-Breakers
– Breakers

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica - Isolators

• Reliable “Isolator Closed” signal is composed

• The Isolator Position signal:
– Decides whether the associated current is to be included into
differential calculations
– Decides whether the associated breaker is to be tripped
• For maximum safety:
– Both normally open and normally closed contacts are used
– Isolator alarm is established under discrepancy conditions
– Isolator position to be sorted out under non-valid combinations
of the auxiliary contacts (open-open, closed-closed)
– Switching operations in the substation shall be inhibited until
the bus image is recognized with 100% accuracy
– Optionally the 87B may be inhibited from the isolator alarm

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica - Isolators

Isolator Open Isolator Closed Isolator Alarm Block Switching

Auxiliary Auxiliary Position
Contact Contact
Off On CLOSED No No

Off Off LAST VALID After time delay Until Isolator

until Position is valid
On On CLOSED acknowledged

On Off OPEN No No

I solator position valid Isolator position invalid Isolator position valid

(isolator opened) (isolator opened)

ISOLATOR 1 OPEN

ISOLATOR 1 CLOSED

ISOLATOR 1 POSI TION

alarm time blocking signal resets when

ISOLATOR 1 BLOCK delay isolator position valid

alarm
ISOLATOR 1 ALARM acknowledged

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alarm acknowledging
ISOLATOR 1 RESET signal

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica – Isolator Positions and Differential Protection

Iso
it ion la to r
o s Po
to rP sit i
o
so la Phase A AC signals wired n
I
here, bus replica configured
here

Phase B AC signals wired Phase C AC signals wired

here, bus replica configured here, bus replica configured
here here n
Iso s itio
lat
o Po
rP
at or
os
it Is ol
ion
Up to 96 auxuliary switches

io l
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wired here; Isolator Monitoring

n
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function configured here

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica – Tie-Breakers: Two-CT Configuration

Z1 TB Z2

• Overlapping zones – no blind spots

• Both zones trip the Tie-Breaker
• No special treatment of the TB required in terms of its
status for Dynamic Bus Replica (treat as regular
breaker – see next section)

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica – Tie-Breakers Tie-Breakers: Single-CT Configuration

Z1 TB Z2

• Both zones trip the Tie-Breaker

• Blind spot between the TB and the CT
• Fault between TB and CT is external to Z2
• Z1: no special treatment of the TB required (treat as
regular CB)
• Z2: special treatment of the TB status required:
– The CT must be excluded from calculations after the
TB is opened

io l
– Z2 gets extended (opened entirely) onto the TB

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Industrial Systems

Tie-Breakers: Single-CT Configuration

expand

• Sequence of events:
– Z1 trips and the TB gets opened
– After a time delay the current from the CT shall be
removed from Z2 calculations
– As a result Z2 gets extended up to the opened TB
– The Fault becomes internal for Z2
– Z2 trips finally clearing the fault

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica – Breakers: Bus-side CTs

Blind spot for

CT bus protection

CB

• Blind spot exists between the CB and CT

• CB is going to be tripped by line protection
• After the CB gets opened, the current shall be removed from
differential calculations (expanding the differential zone up to the
opened CB)
• Relay configuration required: identical as for the Single-CT Tie-

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Breaker

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica –Breakers: Line-side CTs

“Over-trip” spot for

CB bus protection

CT

• “Over-trip” spot between the CB and CT when the CB is opened

• When the CB gets opened, the current shall be removed from
differential calculations (contracting the differential zone up to the
opened CB)
• Relay configuration required: identical as for a Single-CT Tie-Breaker,
but….

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Industrial Systems

Dynamic Bus Replica –Breakers: Line-side CTs

Blind spot for

CB bus protection
contract

CT
• but….
• A blind spot created by contracting the bus differential zone
• End Fault Protection required – B90 provides one EFP element per
current input

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End Fault Protection

SETTING
B90 FUNCTION:
Logic = 0
Protection = 1

SETTING
EFP 1 FUNCTION:
(2) Excessive current ….
Disabled = 0
Enabled = 1 AND

SETTING
EFP 1 BLOCK:
SETTING
Off = 0 (3) Causes the EFP
EFP 1 PICKUP:
to operate
RUN
SETTING
EFP 1 CT:
Current Magnitude, |I| | I | > PICKUP
SETTING
SETTING EFP 1 PICKUP DELAY:
EFP 1 MANUAL CLOSE: FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
tPKP
AND

Off = 0 EFP 1 OP
0
SETTINGS EFP 1 DPO
SETTING EFP 1 BRK DELAY: EFP PKP
EFP 1 BREAKER OPEN:
tPKP
Off = 0
0

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(1) The EFP gets armed

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after the breaker is open

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Industrial Systems

Breaker Failure Protection

• BF Architecture:
– Current supervision residing on “protection” IEDs
– BFI signal can be generated internally (from protection IEDs)
or externally via communications or a digital input from any
IED
– BF logic and timers residing on the “logic” IED
– Trip contacts distributed freely between various IEDs
• BF Performance:
– Reset time of current sensors below 0.7 power system cycle
– Communications delays around 0.2 power system cycle
between any two neighboring IEDs

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Breaker Failure Protection – Current Supervision

Cu
s rre
t at u nt
S
ntS ta t
us
r re
Cu Phase A AC signals wired
here, current status
monitored here

Phase B AC signals wired Phase C AC signals wired

here, current status here, current status
monitored here monitored here
Cu tus
rre Sta
nt t
St rr en
at us u
C
Up to 24 BF elements

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configured here

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Breaker Failure Protection – Initiate

BFI

BF
I nit i
e a te
it iat
In
BF Phase A AC signals wired
here, current status
monitored here

Phase B AC signals wired Phase C AC signals wired

here, current status here, current status
monitored here monitored here
BF BFI
Ini ia te
tia it
te In
BF
Up to 24 BF elements

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configured here

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Industrial Systems

Breaker Failure Protection – Trip Action

Trip

Tri
p
and Co
m
o mm ma
nd
ip C
Tr Phase A AC signals wired
here, current status Trip
Trip monitored here

Phase B AC signals wired Phase C AC signals wired

here, current status here, current status
monitored here monitored here d
Tr
ip Trip an
Co m
m
m m Co
ip
an
d Tr
Trip command generated here

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and send to trip appropraite

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breakers

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Industrial Systems

Programmable Logic (FlexLogicTM)

• All B90 IEDs provide for programmable logic

• Distributed logic over fiber-optic communications
(Direct I/Os)
• Functions available:
– Gates
– Edge detectors
– Latches and non-volatile latches
– Timers

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Disturbance Recording

• All AC inputs automatically recorded

• Programmable sampling rate: 8, 16, 32, 64 s/c
• Programmable content (phasor magnitudes and angles,
differential, restraint currents, frequency, any digital flag)
• Programmable number of records vs. record length
• Flexible treatment of old records (overwrite, preserve)
• Programmable trigger
• Programmable pre-/post-trigger windows
• Individual (independent) oscillography configuration of each B90
IED

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Sequence of Events Recording

• Up to 1040 events per each B90 IED

• Events stamped with 1microsecond resolution
• 0.5 msec scanning rate for digital inputs
• All B90 IEDs synchronized via IRIG-B or SNTP
• All events (except hardware-related alarms) user programmable
• Events can be enabled independently for:
– All protection elements
– All digital inputs and contact outputs
– Communications driven signals
• Individual (independent) SOE configuration of each B90 IED

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Engineering the B90

SWITCHING ON Z1 & Z2, Z1 & Z3 OR Z2 & Z3 BUSBARS
LOGIC FOR COUPLER
CLOSING ORDER

LA T CH 0
0 60 F1-Z1-IN&
100 Z2-OUT
52b VO 4

ISO 2
ISO 3
F2-Z1-IN
ISO 3
ISO 5 VO 5

ISO 6
B
ISO 8 TRIP
PERM F3-Z1-IN
ISO 9
Z1/Z2 VO 6
VO 63 ISO 6
ISO 4
ISO 6 F4-Z1-IN
ISO 9 VO 7
ISO 7
A
ISO 9
F2-Z2-IN
ISO 2
VO 21
ISO 4
ISO 5 F3-Z2-IN
ISO 5 VO 22
ISO 7
F4-Z2-IN
ISO 8
ISO 8 VO 23

OPTION: ZONE 3 AS
ISO 1 TRANSFER BUS
F2-Z2-OUT ISO 2
ISO 3 VO 54
ISO 3 F2-Z3-IN
A VO 37
ISO 1
F3-Z3-IN
B ISO 4 VO 38
F2-Z1-OUT
ISO 1 VO 53
ISO 2 F4-Z3-IN
A ISO 7 VO 39

Substation one-line and Logic design FlexLogicTM Implementation

wiring diagrams

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B90 Summary

• Cost-efficient
• Good performance
• Modern communications capability
• Member of the Universal Relay (UR) family
• Easy integration with other URs
• Common configuration tool for all B90 IEDs
• Proven algorithms (B30) and hardware (UR)
• Expandable
• Two levels of scalability (modules and IEDs)

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Ordering the B90

• The B90 can be ordered as an engineered product
• The following order code applies to the engineered B90

B90 * * * * ** * * **
B90 Base system
S Single busbar
D Double busbar

T Double busbar with transfer

X Special arrangement

C Cabinet supply
F Frame supply

A RS485 + RS485 (ModBus RTU, DNP)

C RS485 + 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, ModBus TCP/IP, DNP)

D RS485 + redundant 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, ModBus, TCP/IP, DNP)

H 125/250, AC/DC

L 24-48V (DC only)

** Specify the number of lines + bus couplers (two digits)

0 Without Breaker Fail

B With Breaker Fail

0 Without End Fault Protection

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E With End Fault Protection

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00 Sequential number

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How to Order

• International: +1 905 294 6222

• Europe: +34 94 485 88 00
• Email:

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[email protected]

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• Web: http://www.GEindustrial.com/pm

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