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Top 5 Grid Infrastructure Startup Issues (Doc ID 1368382.1)

In this Document

Purpose
Scope
Details
Issue #1: CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability Services, ohasd.bin not running or ohasd.bin is
running but no init.ohasd or other processes
Issue #2: CRS-4530: Communications failure contacting Cluster Synchronization Services daemon, ocssd.bin is not
running
Issue #3: CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services, crsd.bin is not running
Issue #4: Agent or mdnsd.bin, gpnpd.bin, gipcd.bin not running
Issue #5: ASM instance does not start, ora.asm is OFFLINE
References

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.2.0.1 to 11.2.0.4 [Release 11.2]

Information in this document applies to any platform.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this note is to provide a summary of the top 5 issues that may prevent the successful startup of the Grid
Infrastructure (GI) stack.

SCOPE

This note applies to 11gR2 Grid Infrastructure only.

To determine the status of GI, please run the following commands:

1. $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl check crs

2. $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl stat res -t -init
3. $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl stat res -t
4. ps -ef | egrep 'init|d.bin'

DETAILS

Issue #1: CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability Services, ohasd.bin not running or ohasd.bin
is running but no init.ohasd or other processes

Symptoms:

1. Command '$GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl check crs' returns error:

CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability Services
2. Command 'ps -ef | grep init' does not show a line similar to:
root 4878 1 0 Sep12 ? 00:00:02 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.ohasd run
3. Command 'ps -ef | grep d.bin' does not show a line similar to:
root 21350 1 6 22:24 ? 00:00:01 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ohasd.bin reboot
Or it may only show "ohasd.bin reboot" process without any other processes
4. ohasd.log report:
2013-11-04 09:09:15.541: [ default][2609911536] Created alert : (:OHAS00117:) : TIMED OUT WAITING FOR
OHASD MONITOR
5. ohasOUT.log report:
2013-11-04 08:59:14
Changing directory to /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/lc1n1/ohasd

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OHASD starting
Timed out waiting for init.ohasd script to start; posting an alert
6. ohasd.bin keeps restarting, ohasd.log report:
2014-08-31 15:00:25.132: [ CRSSEC][733177600]{0:0:2} Exception: PrimaryGroupEntry constructor failed to validate
group name with error: 0 groupId: 0x7f8df8022450 acl_string: pgrp:spec:r-x
2014-08-31 15:00:25.132: [ CRSSEC][733177600]{0:0:2} Exception: ACL entry creation failed for: pgrp:spec:r-x
2014-08-31 15:00:25.132: [ INIT][733177600]{0:0:2} Dump State Starting ...
7. Only the ohasd.bin is runing, but there is nothing written in ohasd.log. OS /var/log/messages shows:
2015-07-12 racnode1 logger: autorun file for ohasd is missing

Possible Causes:

1. For OL5/RHEL5/under and other platform, the file '/etc/inittab' does not contain the line similar to the following
(platform dependent) :
h1:35:respawn:/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null
For OL6/RHEL6+, upstart is not configed properly.
2. runlevel 3 has not been reached, some rc3 script is hanging
3. the init process (pid 1) did not spawn the process defined in /etc/inittab (h1) or a bad entry before init.ohasd like
xx:wait:<process> blocked the start of init.ohasd
4. CRS autostart is disabled
5. The Oracle Local Registry ($GRID_HOME/cdata/<node>.olr) is missing or corrupted (check as root user via
"ocrdump -local /tmp/olr.log", the /tmp/olr.log should contain all GI daemon processes related information, compare
with a working cluster to verify)
6. root user was in group "spec" before but now the group "spec" has been removed, the old group for root user is still
recorded in the OLR, this can be verified in OLR dump
7. HOSTNAME was null when init.ohasd started especially after a node reboot

Solutions:

1. For OL5/RHEL5 and under, add the following line to /etc/inittab

h1:35:respawn:/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null
and then run "init q" as the root user.
For Linux OL6/RHEL6, please refer to Note 1607600.1
2. Run command 'ps -ef | grep rc' and kill any remaining rc3 scripts that appear to be stuck.
3. Remove the bad entry before init.ohasd. Consult with OS vendor if "init q" does not spawn
"init.ohasd run" process. As a workaround,
start the init.ohasd manually, eg: as root user, run "/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null
2>&1 </dev/null &"
4. Enable CRS autostart:
# crsctl enable crs
# crsctl start crs
5. Restore OLR from backup, as root user: (refer to Note 1193643.1)
# crsctl stop crs -f
# touch <GRID_HOME>/cdata/<node>.olr
# chown root:oinstall <GRID_HOME>/cdata/<node>.olr
# ocrconfig -local -restore <GRID_HOME>/cdata/<node>/backup_<date>_<num>.olr
# crsctl start crs

If OLR backup does not exist for any reason, perform deconfig and rerun root.sh is required to
recreate OLR, as root user:
# <GRID_HOME>/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force
# <GRID_HOME>/root.sh
6. Reinitialize/Recreate the OLR is required, using the same command as recreating OLR per
above
7. Restart the init.ohasd process or add "sleep 30" in init.ohasd to allow hostname populated
correctly before starting Clusterware, refer to Note 1427234.1
8. If above does not help, check OS messages for ohasd.bin logger message and manually execute
crswrapexece.pl command mentioned in the OS message with LD_LIBRARY_PATH set to <GRID_HOME>/lib
to continue debug.

Issue #2: CRS-4530: Communications failure contacting Cluster Synchronization Services daemon,
ocssd.bin is not running

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Symptoms:

1. Command '$GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl check crs' returns errors:

CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4530: Communications failure contacting Cluster Synchronization Services daemon
CRS-4534: Cannot communicate with Event Manager
2. Command 'ps -ef | grep d.bin' does not show a line similar to:
oragrid 21543 1 1 22:24 ? 00:00:01 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocssd.bin
3. ocssd.bin is running but abort with message "CLSGPNP_CALL_AGAIN" in ocssd.log
4. ocssd.log shows:

2012-01-27 13:42:58.796: [ CSSD][19]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, racnode1, has a disk HB, but no network HB,
DHB has rcfg 223132864, wrtcnt, 1112, LATS 783238209,
lastSeqNo 1111, uniqueness 1327692232, timestamp 1327693378/787089065

5. for 3 or more node cases, 2 nodes form cluster fine, the 3rd node joined then failed, ocssd.log show:

2012-02-09 11:33:53.048: [ CSSD][1120926016](:CSSNM00008:)clssnmCheckDskInfo: Aborting local node to avoid

splitbrain. Cohort of 2 nodes with leader 2, racnode2, is smaller than
cohort of 2 nodes led by node 1, racnode1, based on map type 2
2012-02-09 11:33:53.048: [ CSSD][1120926016]###################################
2012-02-09 11:33:53.048: [ CSSD][1120926016]clssscExit: CSSD aborting from thread clssnmRcfgMgrThread

6. ocssd.bin startup timeout after 10minutes

2012-04-08 12:04:33.153: [ CSSD][1]clssscmain: Starting CSS daemon, version 11.2.0.3.0, in (clustered) mode with
uniqueness value 1333911873
......
2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [ CSSD][5]clssgmShutDown: Received abortive shutdown request from client.
2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [ CSSD][5]###################################
2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [ CSSD][5]clssscExit: CSSD aborting from thread GMClientListener
2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [ CSSD][5]###################################
2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [ CSSD][5](:CSSSC00012:)clssscExit: A fatal error occurred and the CSS daemon is
terminating abnormally

7. alert<node>.log shows:
2014-02-05 06:16:56.815
[cssd(3361)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/bdprod2/cssd/ocssd.log
...
2014-02-05 06:27:01.707
[ohasd(2252)]CRS-2765:Resource 'ora.cssdmonitor' has failed on server 'bdprod2'.
2014-02-05 06:27:02.075
[ohasd(2252)]CRS-2771:Maximum restart attempts reached for resource 'ora.cssd'; will not restart.

Possible Causes:

1. Voting disk is missing or inaccessible

2. Multicast is not working for private network for 11.2.0.2.x (expected behavior) or 11.2.0.3 PSU5/PSU6/PSU7 or
12.1.0.1 (due to Bug 16547309)
3. private network is not working, ping or traceroute <private host> shows destination unreachable. Or firewall is
enable for private network while ping/traceroute work fine
4. gpnpd does not come up, stuck in dispatch thread, Bug 10105195
5. too many disks discovered via asm_diskstring or slow scan of disks due to Bug 13454354 on Solaris 11.2.0.3 only
6. In some cases, known bug could cause 2nd node ocssd.bin can not join the cluster after private network issue is
fixed, refer to Note 1479380.1

Solutions:

1. restore the voting disk access by checking storage access, disk permissions etc.
If the disk is not accessible at OS level, please engage system administrator to restore the
disk access.
If the voting disk is missing from the OCR ASM diskgroup, start CRS in exclusive mode and
recreate the voting disk:
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# crsctl start crs -excl
# crsctl replace votedisk <+OCRVOTE diskgroup>
2. Refer to Document 1212703.1 for multicast test and fix. For 11.2.0.3 PSU5/PSU6/PSU7 or
12.1.0.1, either enable multicast for private network or apply patch 16547309 or latest PSU.
Refer to Document 1564555.1
3. Consult with the network administrator to restore private network access or disable firewall
for private network (for Linux, check service iptables status and service ip6tables status)
4. Kill the gpnpd.bin process on surviving node, refer Document 10105195.8
Once above issues are resolved, restart Grid Infrastructure stack.
If ping/traceroute all work for private network, there is a failed 11.2.0.1 to 11.2.0.2
upgrade happened, please check out
Bug 13416559 for workaround
5. Limit the number of ASM disks scan by supplying a more specific asm_diskstring, refer to bug
13583387
For Solaris 11.2.0.3 only, please apply patch 13250497, see Note 1451367.1.
6. Refer to the solution and workaround in Note 1479380.1

Issue #3: CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services, crsd.bin is not running

Symptoms:

1. Command '$GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl check crs' returns errors:

CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4534: Cannot communicate with Event Manager
2. Command 'ps -ef | grep d.bin' does not show a line similar to:
root 23017 1 1 22:34 ? 00:00:00 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsd.bin reboot
3. Even if the crsd.bin process exists, command 'crsctl stat res -t -init' shows:
ora.crsd
1 ONLINE INTERMEDIATE

Possible Causes:

1. ocssd.bin is not running or resource ora.cssd is not ONLINE

2. +ASM<n> instance can not startup due to various reason
3. OCR is inaccessible
4. Network configuration has been changed causing gpnp profile.xml mismatch
5. $GRID_HOME/crs/init/<host>.pid file for crsd has been removed or renamed manually, crsd.log shows: 'Error3 -2
writing PID to the file'
6. ocr.loc content mismatch with other cluster nodes. crsd.log shows: 'Shutdown CacheLocal. my hash ids don't match'
7. private network is pingable with normal ping command but not pingable with jumbo frame size (eg: ping -s 8900
<private ip>) when jumbo frame is enabled (MTU: 9000+). Or partial cluster nodes have jumbo frame set (MTU:
9000) and the problem node does not have jumbo frame set (MTU:1500)
8. On AIX 6.1 TL08 SP01 and AIX 7.1 TL02 SP01, due to truncation of multicast packets.
9. udp_sendspace is set to default 9216 on AIX platform

Solutions:

1. Check the solution for Issue 2, ensure ocssd.bin is running and ora.cssd is ONLINE
2. For 11.2.0.2+, ensure that the resource ora.cluster_interconnect.haip is ONLINE, refer to
Document 1383737.1 for ASM startup issues related to HAIP.
Check if GRID_HOME/bin/oracle binary is linked with RAC option Document 284785.1
3. Ensure the OCR disk is available and accessible. If the OCR is lost for any reason, refer to
Document 1062983.1 on how to restore the OCR.
4. Restore network configuration to be the same as interface defined in
$GRID_HOME/gpnp/<node>/profiles/peer/profile.xml, refer to Document 283684.1 for private
network modification.
5. touch the file with <host>.pid under $GRID_HOME/crs/init.
For 11.2.0.1, the file is owned by <grid> user.
For 11.2.0.2, the file is owned by root user.
6. Using ocrconfig -repair command to fix the ocr.loc content:
for example, as root user:
# ocrconfig -repair -add +OCR2 (to add an entry)
# ocrconfig -repair -delete +OCR2 (to remove an entry)
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ohasd.bin needs to be up and running in order for above command to run.

Once above issues are resolved, either restart GI stack or start crsd.bin via:
# crsctl start res ora.crsd -init
7. Engage network admin to enable jumbo frame from switch layer if it is enabled at the network
interface. If jumbo frame is not required, change MTU to 1500 for the private network on all
nodes, then restart GI stack on all nodes.
8. On AIX 6.1 TL08 SP01 and AIX 7.1 TL02 SP01, apply AIX patch per Document 1528452.1 AIX 6.1
TL8 or 7.1 TL2: 11gR2 GI Second Node Fails to Join the Cluster as CRSD and EVMD are in
INTERMEDIATE State
9. Increase udp_sendspace to recommended value, refer to Document 1280234.1

Issue #4: Agent or mdnsd.bin, gpnpd.bin, gipcd.bin not running

Symptoms:

1. orarootagent not running. ohasd.log shows:

2012-12-21 02:14:05.071: [ AGFW][24] {0:0:2} Created alert : (:CRSAGF00123:) : Failed to start the agent process:
/grid/11.2.0/grid_2/bin/orarootagent Category: -1 Operation: fail Loc: canexec2 OS error: 0 Other : no exe permission, file
[/grid/11.2.0/grid_2/bin/orarootagent]
2. mdnsd.bin, gpnpd.bin or gipcd.bin not running, here is a sample for mdnsd log file:
2012-12-31 21:37:27.601: [ clsdmt][1088776512]Creating PID [4526] file for home /u01/app/11.2.0/grid host lc1n1 bin
mdns to /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/mdns/init/
2012-12-31 21:37:27.602: [ clsdmt][1088776512]Error3 -2 writing PID [4526] to the file []
2012-12-31 21:37:27.602: [ clsdmt][1088776512]Failed to record pid for MDNSD
or
2012-12-31 21:39:52.656: [ clsdmt][1099217216]Creating PID [4645] file for home /u01/app/11.2.0/grid host lc1n1 bin
mdns to /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/mdns/init/
2012-12-31 21:39:52.656: [ clsdmt][1099217216]Writing PID [4645] to the file
[/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/mdns/init/lc1n1.pid]
2012-12-31 21:39:52.656: [ clsdmt][1099217216]Failed to record pid for MDNSD
3. oraagent or appagent not running, crsd.log shows:
2012-12-01 00:06:24.462: [ AGFW][1164069184] {0:2:27} Created alert : (:CRSAGF00130:) : Failed to start the agent
/u01/app/grid/11.2.0/bin/appagent_oracle

Possible Causes:

1. orarootagent missing execute permission

2. missing process associated <node>.pid file or the file has wrong ownership or permission
3. wrong permission/ownership within GRID_HOME
4. GRID_HOME disk space 100% full

Solutions:

1. Either compare the permission/ownership with a good node GRID_HOME and make correction
accordingly or as root user:
# cd <GRID_HOME>/crs/install
# ./rootcrs.pl -unlock
# ./rootcrs.pl -patch
This will stop clusterware stack, set permssion/owership to root for required files and restart
clusterware stack.
2. If the corresponding <node>.pid does not exist, touch the file with correct ownership and
permission, otherwise correct the <node>.pid ownership/permission as required, then restart the
clusterware stack.
Here is the list of <node>.pid file under <GRID_HOME>, owned by root:root, permission 644:
./ologgerd/init/<node>.pid
./osysmond/init/<node>.pid
./ctss/init/<node>.pid
./ohasd/init/<node>.pid
./crs/init/<node>.pid
Owned by <grid>:oinstall, permission 644:
./mdns/init/<node>.pid
./evm/init/<node>.pid
./gipc/init/<node>.pid
./gpnp/init/<node>.pid
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3. For cause 3, please refer to solution 1.

4. Please clean up the disk space from GRID_HOME, particularly clean up old files under
<GRID_HOME>/log/<node>/client/, <diag dest>/tnslsnr/<node>/<listener name>/alert/

Issue #5: ASM instance does not start, ora.asm is OFFLINE

Symptoms:

1. Command 'ps -ef | grep asm' shows no ASM processes

2. Command 'crsctl stat res -t -init' shows:
ora.asm
1 ONLINE OFFLINE

Possible Causes:

1. ASM spfile is corrupted

2. ASM discovery string is incorrect and therefore voting disk/OCR cannot be discovered
3. ASMlib configuration problem
4. ASM instances are using different cluster_interconnect, HAIP OFFLINE on 1 node causing the 2nd ASM instance
could not start

Solutions:

1. Create a temporary pfile to start ASM instance, then recreate spfile, see Document 1095214.1
for more details.
2. Refer to Document 1077094.1 to correct the ASM discovery string.
3. Refer to Document 1050164.1 to fix ASMlib configuration.
4. Refer to Document 1383737.1 for solution. For more information about HAIP, please refer to
Document 1210883.1

For further debugging GI startup issue, please refer to Document 1050908.1 Troubleshoot Grid Infrastructure Startup
Issues.

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