SRM UNIVERSITY

RAMAPURAM PART- VADAPALANI CAMPUS, CHENNAI – 600 026

Department of Mathematics
Sub Title: ADVANCED CALCULUS AND COMPLEX ANALYSIS
Sub Code:15 MA102
Unit -IV - ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS

Part – A
1. Cauchy-Riemann equations are
(a) u x  v y and u y  v x (b) u x  v y and u y  v x (c) u x  v x and u y  v y
(d) u x  v y and u y  v x Ans : (a)
u
2. If f ( z )  u  iv in polar form is analytic then is
r
v v 1 v v
(a) (b) r (c) (d)  Ans : (c)
  r  
u
3. If f ( z )  u  iv in polar form is analytic then is

v 1 v v v
(a) (b)  (c)  (d)  r Ans : (d)
r r r r r
4. A function u is said to be harmonic if and only if
(a) u xx  u yy  0 (b) u xy  u yx  0 (c) u x  u y  0 (d) u x2  u y2  0 Ans : (a)
5. A function f (z ) is analytic function if
(a) Real part of f (z ) is analytic (b) Imaginary part of f (z ) is analytic
(c) Both real and imaginary part of f (z ) is analytic (d) none of the above Ans : (c)
6. If u and v are harmonic functions then f ( z )  u  iv is
(a) Analytic function (b) need not be analytic function
(c) Analytic function only at z  0 (d) none of the above Ans : (a)
7. If f ( z )  x  ay  i (bx  cy ) is analytic then a,b,c equals to
(a) c  1 and a  b (c) b  1 and a  c (d) a  b  c  1
(b) a  1 and c  b
Ans : (a)
8. A point at which a function ceases to be analytic is called a
(a) Singular point (b) Non-Singular point (c) Regular point (d) Non-regular point
Ans : (a)
9. The function f ( z ) | z | is a non-constant
(a) analytic function (b) nowhere analytic function (c) non-analytic function (d) entire function
Ans : (b)

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10. A function v is called a conjugate harmonic function for a harmonic function u in  whenever
(a) f  u  iv is analytic (b) u is analytic (c) v is analytic (d) f  u  iv is analytic
Ans : (a)
11. The function f ( x  iy )  x  ax y  bxy  cy is analytic only if
3 2 2 3

(a) a  3i, b  3 and c  i (b) a  3i, b  3 and c  i (c) a  3i, b  3 and c  i

(d) a  3i, b  3 and c  i Ans : (c)
12. There exist no analytic functions f such that
(a) Re f ( z )  y  2 x (b) Re f ( z )  y 2  2 x (c) Re f ( z )  y 2  x 2 (d) Re f ( z )  y  x
Ans : (b)
ax
13. If e cos y is harmonic, then a is
(a) i (b) 0 (c) -1 (d) 2 Ans : (a)
14. The harmonic conjugate of 2 x  x  3xy is 3 2

(a) x  3x 2 y  y 3 (b) 2 y  3x 2 y  y 3 (c) y  3x 2 y  y 3 (d) 2 y  3x 2 y  y 3 Ans : (b)

15. The harmonic conjugate of u ( x, y )  2 x(1  y ) is
(a) x 2  y 2  2 x  C (b) x 2  y 2  2 y  C (c) x 2  y 2  2 y  C (d) x 2  y 2  2 y  C
Ans : (d)
16. harmonic conjugate of u ( x, y )  e cos x is
y

(a) e x cos y  C (b) e x sin y  C (c) e y sin x  C (d)  e y sin x  C Ans : (d)
17. If the real part of an analytic function f (z ) is x 2  y 2  y, then the imaginary part is
(a) 2 xy (b) x 2  2 xy (c) 2 xy  y (d) 2 xy  x Ans : (d)
18. If the imaginary part of an analytic function f (z ) is 2 xy  y, then the real part is
(a) x 2  y 2  y (b) x 2  y 2  x (c) x 2  y 2  x (d) x 2  y 2  y Ans : (c)
19. f ( z )  z is differentiable
(a) nowhere (b) only at z  0 (c) everywhere (d) only at z  1 Ans : (a)
20. f ( z )  z
2
is differentiable
(a) nowhere (b) only at z  0 (c) everywhere (d) only at z  1 Ans : (b)
21. f ( z )  z
2
is
(a) differentiable and analytic everywhere
(b) not differentiable at z  0 but analytic at z  0
(c) differentiable at z  1 and not analytic at z  1 only
(d) differentiable at z  0 but not analytic at z  0 Ans : (d)
 xy
 2 , if z  0;
22. If f ( z )   ( x  y )
2
then f (z ) is
0, if z  0,

(a) continuous but not differentiable at z  0 (b) differentiable at z  0
(c) analytic everywhere except at z  0 (d) not differentiable at z  0 Ans : (d)
23. f ( z )  e is analytic
z

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(a) only at z  0 (b) only at z  i (c) nowhere (d) everywhere Ans : (d)
24. e (cos y  i sin y) is
x

(a) analytic (b) not analytic (c) analytic when z  0 (d) analytic when z  i Ans : (b)
25. If f (z ) is analytic, then f (z ) is
(a) analytic (b) not analytic (c) analytic when z  0 (d) analytic when z  1 Ans : (a)
( z 2  z)
26. The points at which f ( z )  is not analytic are
( z 2  3z  2)
(a) 0 and 1 (b) 1 and -1 (c) i and 2 (d) 1 and 2 Ans : (d)
1
27. The points at which f ( z )  is not analytic are
z 12

(a) 1 and -1 (b) i and -i (c) 1 and i (d) -1 and -i Ans : (b)
28. The harmonic conjugate of u  log x 2  y 2 is
x y  x  y
(a) (b) (c) tan 1   (d) tan 1   Ans : (d)
x  y2
2
x  y2
2
 y x
29. If f ( z )  z (2  z ), then f (1  i ) 
(a) 0 (b) i (c) -i (d) 2 Ans : (b)
30. If f ( z )  z then f (3  4i ) 
(a) 0 (b) 5 (c) -5 (d) 12 Ans : (b)
a  bz
31. Critical points of the bilinear transformation w  are
c  dz
c c
(a) a,c (b) ,  (c)  ,  (d) None of these Ans : (c)
d d
32. The points coincide with their transformations are known as
(a) fixed points (b) critical points (c) singular points (d) None of these Ans : (a)
a  bz
33. w  is a bilinear transformation when
c  dz
(a) ad bc  0 (b) ad  bc  0 (c) ab  cd  0 (d) None of these Ans : (b)
1
34. w  is known as
z
(a) inversion (b) translation (c) rotation (d) None of these Ans : (a)
35. w  z   is known as
(a) inversion (b) translation (c) rotation (d) None of these Ans : (b)
36. A translation of the type w  z   where  and  are complex constants, is known as a
(a) translation (b) magnification (c) linear transformation (d) bilinear transformation
Ans : (c)
37. A mapping that preserves angles between oriented curves both in magnitude and in sense is called a/an .....
mapping.
(a) informal (b) isogonal (c) conformal (d) formal Ans : (c)
38. The mapping defined by an analytic function f (z ) is conformal at all points z except at points where
(a) f ' ( z )  0 (b) f ' ( z )  0 (c) f ' ( z )  0 (d) f ' ( z )  0 Ans : (a)

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39. The fixed points of the transformation w  z 2 are
(a) 0,1 (b) 0,-1 (c) -1,1 (d) –i,i Ans : (a)
z
40. The invariant points of the mapping w  are
2 z
(a) 1,-1 (b) 0,-1 (c) 0,1 (d) -1,-1 Ans : (c)
z 1
41. The fixed points of w  are
z 1
(a)  1 (b)  i (c) 0,-1 (d) 0,1 Ans : (b)
1
42. The mapping w  z  transforms circles of constant radius into
z
(a) confocal ellipses (b) hyperbolas (c) circles (d) parabolas Ans : (a)
1 1
43. Under the transformations w  , the image of the line y  in z-plane is
z 4
(a) circle u  v  4v  0 (b) circle u  v  4 (c) circle u 2  v 2  2 (d) none of these
2 2 2 2

Ans : (a)
44. The bilinear transformation that maps the points 0, i,  respectively into 0,1,  is w 
1
(a) (b) –z (c) –iz (d) iz Ans : (c)
z
45. The bilinear transformation which maps the points z  1, z  0, z  1 of z - plane into w  i, w  0, w  1 of
w  plane respectively is
(a) w  iz (b) w  z (c) w  i ( z  1) (d) none of these Ans : (a)

Part – B
1. Show that the function f (z) = is no where differentiable.
Solution: Given u+iv = x-iy
u=x v=-y
ux =1 vx =-1
uy =0 vy =-1
u x vy
C-R equations are not satisfied.
f (z) = is no where differentiable.
2. Show that f (z) = is differentiable at z=0 but not analytic at z=0.
Solution: Let
=z =
v=0
ux =2x vx =0
uy =2y vy = 0
ux = vy and uy = - vx are not satisfied everywhere except at z=0
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So f (z) may be differentiable only at z=0. Now ux,vx,uy,vy are continuous everywhere and in
particular at (0,0).
3. Test the analyticity of the function w=sin z.
Solution: w=f (z) =sin z
u+iv = sin(x+iy)
=sin x cosiy+ cos x siniy
= sin x coshy+i cos x sinhy
u= sin x cushy v= cos x sinhy
ux = cosx cushy vx = -sinx sinhy
uy = sinx sinhy vy = cosx cushy
ux = vy and uy = - vx
C-R equations are satisfied.
The function is analytic.
4. Verify the function 2xy+i( ) is analytic or not .
Solution: u=2xy v=
ux = 2y v x = 2x
uy = 2x v y = -2y
ux vy and uy - vx
C-R equations are not satisfied.
The function is not analytic.
5. Test the analyticity of the function f (z) = .
Solution: f (z) =
u+iv = = = (cosy+isiny)
u= cosy v= siny
ux = cosy vx = siny
uy = siny vy = cosy
ux = vy and uy = - vx
The function is analytic.
6. If u+iv = is analytic, show that v-iu and –v+iu are also analytic.
Solution: Given u+iv is analytic.
C-R equations are satisfied.
i.e. ux = vy ------------------- (1) and uy = - vx------------------------------(2)
To prove v-iu and –v+iu are also analytic
For this, we have to show that
(i) ux = vy and -uy = vx (ii) ux = vy and uy = - vx

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These results follow directly from (1) & (2) by replacing u by v and –v and v –u and u respectively.
v-iu and –v+iu are analytic.
7.Give an example such that u and v are harmonic but u+iv is not analytic.
Solution: Consider the function w= = x-iy
u=x v=-y

ux vy , The function f(z) is not analytic. But and gives u and v are
harmonic.
8.If f (z) = u(x,y) +v(x,y) is an analytic function. Then the curves u(x,y) = c1and v(x,y) =c2 where c1and
c2 are constants are orthogonal to each other.
Solution: If u(x,y) = c1 , then du = 0
But by total differential operator we have
du =

(Say)

Similarly, for the curve v(x,y) =c2 we have

(Say)

For any curve gives the slope, Now the product of the slopes is

u(x,y) = c1and v(x,y) =c2 intersect at right angles (i.e) they are orthogonal to
each other.
9.Find the analytic region of f (z) =
Solution: Given f (z) =
u= v=

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Now ux = vy and uy = - vx
2 =2 -2 = -2
x-y=1 x-y=1
Analytic region of f (z) is x-y=1

10.Find a function w such that w=u+iv is analytic, if u= .

Solution: Given u=

= 0-i
f (z) = -i
11. Prove that u= satisfies Laplace’s equation.
Solution: Given u=

u satisfies Laplace’s equation.

12. If u=log ( ) find v and f (z) such that f (z) = u+iv is analytic.
Solution: Given u=log ( )

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f (z) = 2log z +c
To find the conjugate harmonic v
We know that dv =

=- [by C – R equations]

dv = dx

Integrating
V=2 +c
13. Find the critical points for the transformation
Solution: Given
2w

Critical points occur at

Also

The critical points occur at

=0

z= and z =
The critical points occur at z = , and .
14. Find the image of the circle under the transformation w=3z.
Solution: w=3z
u+iv = 3(x+iy)
u=3x v=3y
x= y=
Given

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.
maps to a circle in w- plane with centre at the origin and radius 6.
15. Find the fixed points for the following transformation w
Solution: Fixed points are obtained from
f (z) = z
z=

Z= are the fixed points.

Part – C

1. If f(z) is an analytic function of z, prove that

(i) =0

(ii)

(iii)

Proof: If z = x+iy then

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=

(i). =

=2

=2

=2

=2 =0
(ii)

=2f’ (z)

(iii). =

=4 =
2. Prove that the function u = satisfies laplace’s equation and find the
corresponding analytic function f (z) = u+iv.
Solution: Given u =
+

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+

u satisfies Laplace equation.

To find f (z): u is given
Step 1:
+

Step 2:

Step3:

Integrating f (z) =
=
3. Prove that the function v = is harmonic and determine the corresponding
analytic function of f(z)
Solution: Given v =
Step 1:

+y

Step 2:

Step3:

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Integrating f (z) = -z
To prove v is harmonic

+y

4. Prove that the function u = +1 satisfies laplace’s equation and find the
corresponding analytic function f (z) = u+iv.
Solution: Given u = +1

= -6x-6

u satisfies Laplace equation.

To find f (z): u is given
Step 1:

Step 2:

Step3:

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Integrating f (z) =
5. If u= find the corresponding analytic function f(z) u+iv.

Solution: Given u=

To find f (z): u is given

Step 1:

Step 2:

Step3:

Integrating f (z) = tan z

6. Determine the analytic function f(z)=u+iv such that v=

Solution: f (z) =u+iv ----------------------------- (1)
i f(z) = iu-v ------------------------------(2)
Adding (1) and (2)

F (z) = U+iV
Where F (z) = , U= V=
Given v=
Step 1:

Step 2:

Step3:
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Integrating F (z) =
(1+i) f (z) =
7. Find the analytic function f(z) = u+iv given that

Solution: 3f (z) = 3u+3iv ---------------------- (1)

2if (2) = 2iu-2v ----------------------- (2)
Adding (1) and (2)
(3+2i) f (z) = (3u-2v) +i (2u+3v)
F (z) = U+iV
Where F (z) = (3+2i) f (z) , U= V=
Given

i.e., V =

Step 1:

Step 2:

Step3:

Integrating F (z) = i cot z

(3+2i) f (z) = i cot z
f (z)

f (z)
8. Find the bilinear transformation that maps the points z = 1, i, -1 into the points w=i, 0, -i
respectively. Hence find the image of
Solution: The bilinear transformations is given by

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w=

w= is the required bilinear transformation.

To find the image of
Now w=

Since

Put w=u+iv we get

1-2u+ + 1+2u+ +

The interior of the unit circle (ie) maps into the half plane a>0 of the w- plane.
9. Find the mobius transformation that maps the points z = 0, 1, into the points w=-5, -1, 3
respectively. What are the invariant points of the transformation?
Solution: The bilinear transformations is given by

Since the above relation becomes.

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w+5=3z-5
w= is the required bilinear transformation.
To get the invariant points, put w=z
z=

Solving for z,
Z =

=1
The invariant points are z = 1

10. Find the image of under the transformation.

Solution: Given w = 1/z

z = x+iy and w = u+iv

And

=2
--------------------------- (1)
Substituting x and y values in equation (1), we get

This is the straight line equation in the w-plane.

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11.Show that the transformation w = 1/z transforms circles and straight line in the z-plane into
circles or straight lines in the w-plane.
Solution: w = 1/z

z = x+iy and w = u+iv

Consider the equation, ----------------------- (1)

If a equation (1) represents a circle and if a=0, it represents a straight line, substituting the
valus of x and y in (1)

------------------------------------ (2)
If d 0, equation (2) represents a circle and if d=0, it represents a straight line. The various cases
are discussed in detail.
Case (i): When a d 0
Equation (1) and (2) represents circles in the z-plane and w-plane not passing through the origin.
The transformation w =1/z transforms circles not passing through the origin into circles not
passing through the origin.
Case (ii): When a d=0
The equation (1) is circle through the origin in z-plane and (2) is a straight line; not passing
through the origin in the w-plane.
Circles passing through the origin in the z-planes maps into the straight lines, not passing
through the origin in the w-plane.
Case (iii): When a = d 0
Equation (1) represents a straight line not passing through the origin and (2) represents a circle in
the w-plane passing through the origin. Thus lines in the z-plane not passing through the origin
map into circles through the origin in the w-plane.
Case (iv): When a = d= 0
Equation (1) and (2) represents straight lines passing through the origin. Thus the lines through the
origin in the z- plane map into the lines through the origin in the w- plane.

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12. If u= , v= prove that u and v are harmonic functions but u+iv is not an

analytic function.
Solution: Given u= and v=

To prove u and v are harmonic

Now

u is harmonic.
Now v=

is harmonic.
Now we show that u+iv is not analytic.
Now and

It is true from the above relation.

u+iv is not an analytic function.
13. Prove that u = is harmonic and find its conjugate harmonic.

Solution: Given u =

To prove

Consider u =
Differentiating this w.r.to x and y partially, we get

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u is harmonic.
To find the harmonic conjugate
Let v (x,y) be the conjugate harmonic. Then w = u+iv is analytic.
By C-R equations, and =

We have
dv =

dv =

dv =

Integrating, we get

V=

14. . Find the bilinear transformation that maps the points z = -1, 0, 1 into w=0, i, 3i
respectively.
Solution: The bilinear transformations is given by

2w (z-1) = (w-3i) (z+1)

w [2z-2-z-1] = (z+1)(-3i)
w= is the required bilinear transformation.
15. Find the bilinear transformation that maps the points z = 0, 1, into the points
w=-1,-2-i, i respectively.
Solution: The bilinear transformations is given by

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Since the above relation becomes.

2w+2=-zw+iz
W (z+2) = iz-2
w= is the required bilinear transformation.

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