International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2013)

Design of Dust Collector for Rear Wheel of Four-Wheeler

Abhishek Chakraborty1, Ashutosh Bansal2
1
Asst.Prof, 2Scholar RJIT, Tekanpur
Abstract— Vehicle traffic is responsible for the Non-exhaust traffic induced emissions are a major origin
resuspended road dust. Substantial fraction of PM10 in urban of particle mass on road and have become proportionately
air is mainly due to non-exhaust traffic emissions and more important due to strict regulations on the exhaust
resuspension from street surfaces. These road non-exhaust emissions. Non–exhaust and exhaust sources are found to
emissions are often uncontrolled and information about the
contribute about equally to total traffic related emissions,
effectiveness of mitigation measures on paved roads is still
scarce. The present work is aimed to design a dust collector Querol et al. (2005). The non-exhaust emissions are
system for high clearance four-wheelers to minimize the level particularly PM2.5 and PM10.
of non-exhaust emissions to some extent. The model consists of Many different methodologies have been adopted to
a centrifugal fan to absorb dust before it spreads and pollutes investigate or evaluate the dust concentration on road,
the air, which is to be placed on and above the rear side of a vehicle such as “SCAMPER”,“TRAKER”,“SNIFFER” are
wheel. Calculation is performed to determine the accuracy of vehicle-based technologies(3,5) for measurement of road
the model by using the reference concentrations of fugitive dust emission potential as a possible alternative to
dust generated by a vehicle travelling on road. This system concluding emission factors from silt loading
will help in controlling or decreasing the dust concentration
measurements. But no such method has been suggested
behind a vehicle. The modeling and designing of the system is
done on CatiaV5 to get better results. through which this dust concentration can be effectively
reduced.
Keywords-- Dust, Four-Wheeler, Centrifugal Fan, Dust According to the EU directive (1999/30/EG) the daily
Collector, CatiaV5 averages of PM10 should not go beyond 50mgm for more
than 35 days during each year. But for country like India
I. INTRODUCTION this dust concentration value would be much more than
The most significant donor of fugitive road dust to the 50mgm. Although there has been no such research work
total suspended particulate burden is vehicle traveling on done in India to calibrate the concentration level of road
paved and unpaved' surfaces. Dust is rarely considered as a fugitive dust. Hence the data collected from different
cause of road accidents on police reports. Consequently countries case sturdy has been considered and based on
data directly relating dust to road accidents are rare, but in those readings the modeling of this system has been done.
a study if dust is the cause of 10% of these accidents This paper concentrates solely with the method to reduce
casualties then the cost could amount to as much as 0.02% this fugitive dust i.e.PM10 concentration on road, which
of GDP in some developing countries and total about $800 hence increases driver concentration on road. This would
million annually. Around 40% of the total dust emission ultimately prevent road accidents. Bikers or slow moving
emits from the vehicle activities on road. vehicles are particularly exposed when obscured by dust
generated by passing fast moving vehicles.

600
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2013)

Air Filter Air Out

Centrifugal

Nozzle Fan

Storage
CarWheel Tank

Dust Dust Out

Particles

Fig 1: Design of Dust collector system

II. THE SUGGESTED MODEL This battery runs our motor and hence results in rotation
of motor at 600rpm, which turn the fan impeller at the same
When vehicle travels over a road, dust is suspended by
rpm.
two methods. Firstly, dust adheres to the tire as the tire rolls
This rotation of impeller creates suction in the nozzle
over the road surface; the dust is then detached from the
attached to the centrifugal fan inlet opening, this suction in
tire by centrifugal force and entrained in the turbulent wake
the hose or nozzle would be enough for the dust to get
of the vehicle. Second, turbulent eddies created by the
sucked in through the hose and then passes through fan
passage of the vehicle sweep the fine dust from the ground
outlet opening. Then the fugitive dust passing through the
and blend it upward. Both of these methods cause the
connecter filters the air and deposits the dust in collector.
vehicle-road interaction to be a source of fugitive dust.
This tank can store around 1.2kg of PM10 particles which
To develop an easy-to-use predictive scheme for
is enough for 500kms, and then this storage tank needs to
collecting dust with reasonable accuracy, this source has
be cleaned by opening the led and collecting the dust in
been theoretically modeled as an elevated continuous line
plastic bag.
source of infinite extent.
Many filters can be used based on the efficiency and
The assumptions inherent in this model are:
effectiveness of the collector conditions. The simplest and
1. The dust particles scatter themselves in the vertical the cheapest filter can be a cotton bag. Other advanced
direction. filters that could clean the outlet air more effectively are:
2. The fugitive dust is tiny enough that it moves exactly  Shaking technique
same as the air.  Reverse air
3. The road is heavily travelled so that the generation of  Pulse jet
dust particles by traffic can be treated as a source that  Sonic
does not vary with time.  Cartridge collector.
4. The wind speed and direction does not vary with Constants considered in this Design are taken from other
height above the ground. Studies
This model consists a centrifugal fan which is connected
C = dust concentration= 3.36*10^-3 G/m^3
to a 200W motor which is connected to battery of 12volt
i.e. car battery. This could roughly run our motor for 3 ρair = density of air= 1.2*10^3 G/m^3
hours but that is not a point to be concerned in this paper.
ρparticle= density of particle = 2.655 *10^6 G/m^3

601
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2013)
Vp = wind speed=2.24m/sec
μ = Viscosity of air= 1.71*10^- 5 Pas
X =Dia. of particle= 10*10^-6 m
Vp = vehicle speed= 50km/hr
CD= Drag co-efficient
A= Area of cross-section
Wheel dimensions= (235/70R16)

Figure 4: Design of centrifugal Fan

Formula used in designing the system:

Initial Velocity of Particle Vo= αAhρair (2gh +Vh2)
Figure2: Volute Casing with inlet hose.
ρp Vp
Reynolds No. Re = ρVD
µ
Drag force FD = 1CdAρU2
2
Power P = 8ρ f
L π2
Figure 3: Inlet hose

602
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2013)
Centrifugal fan: A simple centrifugal fan that is specially REFERENCE
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Acknowledgement
I would express my sincere thanks to all the people who
directly or indirectly contributed in the completion of this
work. Special thanks to Mr. Avinash kumar singh and Mr.
Dilip.

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