ELLIPTICAL SENTENCE

Yaitu : penggabungan klausa/ kalimat yang memiliki unsur-unsur yang sama, untuk menjadikan
kalimat lebih efektif dan menghindari pengulangan unsur yang sama tersebut.

A. POSITIVE ELLIPTIC

Subject + Verb + and + so + auxiliary + Subject

Yang dimaksud auxiliary adalah : am, is, are, was, were, do , does, did, have, has, had, will,
would, can, could, shall, should, may, might, must, ought to , used to

Contoh :

 I am a student. He is a student.

~ I am a student and so is he.

 Father works hard. Uncle works hard.

~ Father works hard and so does Uncle.

 Phil went to cinema last night. Larry went to cinema last night.

~ Phil went to cinema last night and so did Larry.

 I can speak German. Sonny can speak German.

~ I can speak German and so can Sonny.

Subject + Verb + and + Subject + auxiliary + too

Contoh :

 Andre is a good athlete. Michael is a good atlete.

~ Andre is a good athlete and Michael is too.

 The children enjoy catoon films. The teenagers enjoy cartoon films.
~ The children enjoy cartoon films and the teenagers do too.

 Indonesia was occupied by European. Singapore was occupied by European.

~ Indonesia was occupied by European and Singapore was too.

 Sharon will follow a speech contest. George will follow a speech contest.

~ Sharon will follow a speech contest and George will too.

Subject + Verb + and + Subject + also +

Verb

Subject + Verb + and + Subject + to be + also

(modals)

Contoh :

 Danny learns classic dances. Eric learns classic dances.

~ Danny learns classic dances and Eric also learns.

 The new neighbours have a car. I have a car.

~ The new neighbours have a car and I also have.

 Snake is a reptile. Crocodile is a reptile.

~ Snake is a reptile and crocodile is also.

 Calculators can solve mathematical problems. Computers can solve mathematical

problems.

~ Calculators can solve mathematical problems and computers can also.

B. NEGATIVE ELLIPTIC
Subject + [- Verb] + and + Subject + [- aux] + either

Contoh :

 I don’t like vegetables. Victor doesn’t like vegetables.

~ I don ‘t like vegetables and Victor doesn’t either.

 The children were not in the playground yesterday. The teacher was not in the playground.

~ The children were not in the playground and the teacher was not either.

 We didn’t see the thief. The police didn’t see the thief.

~ We didn’t see the thief and the police didn’t either.

 Jack won’t come to the party. Nick won’t come to the party.

~ Jack won’t come to the party and Nick won’t either.

Subject + [-Verb] + and + neither + [+aux] + Subject

Contoh :

 My brother doesn’t learn classical piano. I don’t learn classical piano.

~ My brother doesn’t learn classical piano and neither do I.

 Molly can’t play roller skate. Ted can’t play roller skate.

~ Molly can’t play roller skate and neither can Ted.

 I haven’t done the homework. The boys haven’t done the homework.

~ I haven’t done the homework and neither have the boys.

 You are not happy today. I am not happy happy.

~ You are not happy and neither am I.

Subject + [Verb] + nor + [+aux] + Subject

Contoh :

 English is not easy. Mathematics is not easy.

~ English is not easy nor is Mathematics.

 George doesn’t like junk food. I don’t like junk food.

~ George doesn’t like junk food nor do I.

 He won’t be angry with you. Your mother won’t be angry with you.

~ He won’t be angry with you nor will your mother.

 You were not allowed to sit here. Everyone was not allowed to sit here.

~ You were not allowed to sit here nor was everyone.

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

QUESTION TAG

DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH

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Posted by caeciliakristanti on October 10, 2013 in Uncategorized

← CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
SUBJUNCTIVE →

Elliptical Sentences
Ellipsis means leaving something out. Elliptical sentence is a shorter form of sentence which some
words have been omitted, but it retains the same meaning. It is used so that we can avoid
unnecessary repeated words.

It is noticeable that elliptical sentences are used quite common in some contexts as:

In normal conversation
• A: Where are you going? B: To school. (= I am going to school.)
• A: Ready? (= Are you ready?) B: Yes, I am. (= Yes, I am ready.)
In comparison
• Phalla is taller than Phearom.
(= Phalla is taller than Phearom is tall.)
• The ads attracted younger than older people.
(= The ads attracted younger than it attracted older people.)

In sentences joined by coordinating conjunctions

• I have washed and ironed my clothes.
(= I have washed my clothes, and I have ironed my clothes.)
• Bora likes football, Phalla volleyball, and Sopheak basketball.
(= Bora likes football, Phalla likes volleyball, and Sopheak likes basketball.)
• Kolab has five dollars, and Sopheak three.
(= Kolab has five dollars, and Sopheak has three dollars.)

In some dependent clauses

• If you clean the house today, I will tomorrow.
(= If you clean the house today, i will clean the house tomorrow.)
• I will go to the party if you will.
(= I will go to the party if you will go to the party.)

In reduced clauses

 The song sung by Preap Sovath was so popular.

(= The song which was sung by Preap Sovath was so popular. )

 The man selling the shoes is my friend.

(= The man who is selling the shoes is my friend.)

 The police has found the car stolen yesterday.

(= The police has found the car which was stolen yesterday.)

 When studying, he tried hard.

(= When he was studying, he tried hard. )

 I visited the Bayon Temple after coming back from Battambang.

(= I visited the Bayon Temple after I came back from Battambang. )

 Though a bit nervous, she presented the products to the doctor very well.

(= Though she was a bit nervous, she presented the products to the doctor very well. )
When used with "SO, TOO, EITHER, NEITHER"

 My sister is tall, and so do my brothers.

(= My sister is tall, and my brothers are tall, too.)

 A : I was very sleepy last night. B : So am I.

(= A : I was very sleepy last night. B : I am hungry, too.)

 My mom likes mangoes and my brother does too.

(= My mom likes mangoes, and my brother likes mangoes, too.)

 He didn't say anything, and I didn't either.

(= He didn't say anything, and I didn't say anything, too.)

 Her father likes to travel, and she does either.

(= Her father likes to travel, and she likes to travel, too.)

 He didn't study hard, and neither did I.

(= He didn't study hard, and I didn't study hard, too.)

 She doesn't review the lessons, and neither her friend.

(= She doesn't review the lessons, and her friend didn't review the lessons, too.)

ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES

ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES:
SO / TOO is used for “Positive Sentence”
For Example :
->1. John is happy, so am I.
->2. Hadi speaks English well, Manik does too.
->3. Toni studied English yesterday, so did Rini.
->4. I have visited Bali, she has too.
->5. Dodik has finished SMP, I have too.
->6. I have visited Jakarta, so has she.
->7. Dodik can swim well, so did I.
->8. I went to Bali last month, so did Tina.
->9. John is writing a letter, I am too.
->10. She was late yesterday, so was Doni.
EITHER / NEITHER is used for “Negative Sentence”.
For Example :
->1. John isn’t happy, neither am I.

->2. Hadi doesn’t speak Italian, Manik doesn’t either.

->3. Toni didn’t study yesterday,neither did Rini.

->4. I haven’t visited Bali, she hasn’t either.

->5. Dodik hasn’t finished SMP, I haven’t either. -

>6. I haven’t visited Jakarta, neither has she.

->7. Dodik can’t swim well, neither did I.

->8. I didn’t go to Bali last month, neither did

->9. John isn’t writing a letter, I am not either.

->10. She wasn’t late yesterday, neither was Doni.

For example :
->1. Either John or Tina speaks English well.
->2. Neither John nor Tina speaks Indonesian.
->3. Both John and Tina speak English well.
->4. Both John and Tina don’t speak Indonesian.
->5. Either John or I speak English well.
->6. Either I or John speaks English well.
->7. Both restaurants are very good.
->8. Neither restaurant is expensive.
->9. We can go to either restaurant.
->10. I didn’t like either restaurant.
->11. Both of us were very tired.
->12. Neither of us is ( or are ) married.
->13. Neither of children wants ( or want ) to go to bed