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RC Lecture 11 - Columns

This document discusses the analysis and design of axially loaded reinforced concrete columns based on the 2015 National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP). It describes different types of columns based on loading, length, shape, and ties/spirals. It provides equations to calculate the ultimate load capacity of tied and spiral columns and limitations from the NSCP, including strength reduction factors, steel percentage, number of bars, spiral reinforcement ratio, and tie/spiral specifications. Example problems demonstrate designing a square tied column and rectangular tied column to carry factored axial loads.

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Shean Berwin Gonzales
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217 views19 pages

RC Lecture 11 - Columns

This document discusses the analysis and design of axially loaded reinforced concrete columns based on the 2015 National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP). It describes different types of columns based on loading, length, shape, and ties/spirals. It provides equations to calculate the ultimate load capacity of tied and spiral columns and limitations from the NSCP, including strength reduction factors, steel percentage, number of bars, spiral reinforcement ratio, and tie/spiral specifications. Example problems demonstrate designing a square tied column and rectangular tied column to carry factored axial loads.

Uploaded by

Shean Berwin Gonzales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Analysis and Design

of Axially-Loaded
RC Columns

(Based on 2015NSCP)
A column subjected to pure axial loads
does not exist in concrete buildings.
However it can be assumed that axially
loaded columns are those with
relatively small eccentricity, e, of about
0.1h or less, where h is the total depth
of the column and e is the eccentric
distance from the center of the column
Types of Columns
Based on loading
1.Axially loaded columns – where loads
are assumed acting at the center of the
column section.
2.Eccentrically loaded columns – loads
are acting at a distance e from the center
of the column section.
3.Biaxially loaded columns – where the
load is applied at any point of the column
section causing moments about the x-
and y-axes simultaneously
Types of Columns
Based on length
1.Short columns – where the column’s
failure is due to crushing of concrete or
the yielding of the steel bar under the full
load capacity of the column.
2.Long columns – where buckling effect
and slenderness ratio must be taken into
consideration in the design, thus
reducing the load capacity of the column
relative to that of a short column
Types of Columns

Based on the shape


1.Square
2.Rectangular
3.Round
4.L-shaped
5.Octagonal
6.Or any desired shape
Types of Columns
Based on column ties
1.Tied columns – containing steel ties to confine
the main longitudinal bars in the columns. Ties
are normally spaced uniformly along the
height of the column.
2.Spiral columns – containing spirals to hold the
main longitudinal reinforcement and help
increase the column ductility before failure.
Types of Columns
Axially-loaded Columns
Ultimate nominal load capacity of the
reinforced concrete columns is obtained
using the equation below:

Po  0.85 f Ac  Ast f y
c
'

Eqn. 422.4.2.2
where Ast  total steel compressive area
Ac  Ag  Ast
Ag  gross concrete area
Axially-loaded Columns
NSCP 2015 Limitations
1.Strength Reduction factors (Section 421)
Tied columns: f =0.65
Spiral Columns: f =0.75
2.Longitudinal steel percentage, rg
rmin = 1% (Section 410.6.1.1)
rmax = 8%
3.Minimum number of longitudinal bars
Tied columns: 4 bars (Section 410.7.3)
Spiral Columns: 6 bars
For other shapes – one bar at each corner
Axially-loaded Columns
NSCP Limitations
4.Minimum ratio of spiral reinforcement, rs
 Ag  f '
r s  0.45  1 c

 Ac  fy
Eqn. 425.7.3.3
where;
Ag = gross area of section
Ac = area of core of spirally reinforced column
measured to the outside diameter of spiral
fy = yield strength of spiral reinforcement
Axially-loaded Columns
NSCP Limitations (Section 425.7.3)
5.Minimum diameter of spirals = 10mm
• Clear spacing should not be more than
75mm nor less than 25mm and (4/3)dagg
• Splices may be provided by welding or
lapping
• Lapping – 48 bar diameters (48D) or a
minimum of 300mm
6.Minimum diameter of ties (Section 425.7.2)
• 32mm diam. long. bars or smaller = 10mm
• Larger diameter bars = 12mm
Axially-loaded Columns

NSCP Limitations (Section 425.7.2)


7.Spacing of ties shall not exceed:
• 48 times tie diameters
• 16 times longitudinal bar diameter
• Least dimension of the column
Axially-loaded Columns
Equations for investigation:

for tied columns :



Pu  fPn  f (0.80) 0.85 f Ag  Ast   Ast f y
c
'

for spiral columns :
P  fP  f (0.85)0.85 f A
u n c
'
g  Ast   Ast f y 
Axially-loaded Columns
Design Equations:


Pu  fPn  fKAg 0.85 f  r g  f y  0.85 f
c
'
c
'

where;
f  0.65 and K  0.80( for tied columns );
f  0.75 and K  0.85( for spiral columns );
Ast
rg 
Ag
Axially loaded Reinforced
Concrete Columns
(Example Problems)
Design of Axially Loaded
Square Column

Design a square tied column to


carry a factored axial load of
1750kN. Use f’c = 30MPa and
fy=420 MPa and a steel ratio of 2%
Designed Section

320mm

8-20mm- diameter
longitudinal bars
320mm

10mm- diameter
ties at 320mm o.c.
Design of Axially Loaded
Rectangular Column

Design a rectangular tied column to carry a


factored axial load of 1750kN. Use f’c = 30
MPa and fy=420 MPa. Adopt a steel ratio of
2%. One of its dimension is 300 mm since it is
connected to a beam with a width of 300 mm.
Designed Section:

300mm

8-20mm- diameter
longitudinal bars
340mm

10mm- diameter ties at


300mm o.c.

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