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Hibernate Nit

The document discusses Hibernate, an object-relational mapping framework for Java. It defines ORM and describes Hibernate's use of JDBC, JTA, and JNDI technologies. The document outlines the components of a Hibernate application including configuration files, model classes, mapping files, and test classes. It provides examples of model classes and configuration file keys.

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100% found this document useful (6 votes)

1K views

Hibernate Nit

Uploaded by

sonam

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Hibernate Framework by Mr.

RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

HIBERNATE
FRAMEWORK
by

Mr. RAGHU

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Hibernate Framework by Mr. RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

HIBERNATE
❖ ORM:- (ORM stands for ): Object Relational Mapping. It is a theory concept used at
database programming to perform operations like insert. Update, delete and select .in object
format only ie. JDBC converts object to primitive data and SQL Query shuld be written by
programmer using primitives, which is not following OOPs.
ORM says “Do not convet object data, do operations in OOPs. Format only”.
• For this concept programmer gend follow mapping rule. Given as
1. className- Must be mapped with – tableName
2. VariableName- Must be mapped with – columnName
** should be done by programmer using XML/Annotatios concept.
** Then ORM convert
Object ROW
** Here , ORM only generates SQL Query.

FrameWork:-
FrameWork is a Combination of diierent technologies and design patterns by
using framework we can develop complete application or a part of application faster. It is also
called as RAD.
RAD= Rapid Application Development (faster coding)
Technology:-
It is a concept used for fixed type of coding. In case of java JDBC.servlet. JSP, JMS,
JAXB, JSF, EJB etc….
are few technologies.
---JDBC used for only DB Operations
--- Servlets used for only Dynamic Web Applications.
Design Pattern:-
This concept is used to improve applications performance by reducing code ,
time, and memory of on application.

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Hibernate Framework by Mr. RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

Example design Pattern are:-

Singleton, factry, Abstract,Prototype, context, Proxy etc…..

Hiberante 5 .x
Hibernate is a framework which has inbuilt technologies and design pattern. It
follows ORM concept. (ORM=Object Relational Mapping)
Hibernate has 3 Java Technologies
1. JDBC
2. JTA
3. JNDI
And one Non-Java Technology “XML”.
1. JDBC =Java Database Connectivity :-
It is used to perform database operations. Like insert, update, delete and select.
2. JTA = Java Transaction API
It is used to either confirm (commit) changes or cancel (rollback) changes done at
database.
3. JNDI= Java Naming Directory Interface
It is used to create connection-pool ot execute SQL Statement faster.
** POOL = it is a group of similar type object.

Hibernate Programming design:-

Below design explain how JDBC and hibernate works.

JDBC works on primitive data even object is given, it converts Object Data to Primitive Data then
SQL Query return manually by programmer.
Hibernate follows ORM Concept so, it converts object to Row even Row to Object. SQL query
also generated by ORM (Hibernate), But Programmer has to follow coding files in below order.
1. Configuration file

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Hibernate Framework by Mr. RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

2. Model/Entity/POJO Class
3. Mapping code(XML/Annotation)
4. Test Class [POJI-POJO]
1. Configuration file:-
It is used to provide all details related to DB and Hibernate.
a). it will store data in key = value format.
b). file name should have extension ___.cfg.xml
c). recommended name is:-
hibernate.cfg.xml
d). Few keys are:- driver_Class, url, dialect , show_sql

-------------------KEYs:-------------------------------------------------
*) Connection keys:-
We must specify 4 key for DB Connection. Those are:
1. Driver_class
2. url
3. username
4. password
*) Hibernate keys:-

5. Dialect: it is a pre-defined class in hibernate.

under package: org.hibernate.dialect
>> It will generate SQL Query when Programmer performs any operations
(save,update,delete,………)
>> DB to DB dialect also changes.
Ex:- Dialects are

OracleDialect, MySQLDialect, DB2Dialect, SybaseDialect, etc….

Model Class + Rules given by hibernate:-

1. class must have package statement

2. Class must have public (no. of table =no. of classes)

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Hibernate Framework by Mr. RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

3. variables must be private // (no. of column =no .of variables)

4. Default constructor with setters and getters (mutators).
5. Can override methods from Object , those are(3)
toString(), equals(), hashCode()non-final ,non-static,non-private.
6. Annotations:-JPA Annotations(Java Persistency API=JPA)
Hibernate Application Files:-

To write one application we should write 4 files, given as below:

1. Model class (Class)
2. Mapping Code (XML/ANNOTATION)
3. Configuration file (XML)
4. Test Class (class)
1. Model Class:- here Model mean Data.
➢ It can also be called as Entity/POJO
➢ It is c class follows rules given by Hibernate Framework. Those are:
a) Class must have package statement
b) Class must be public Type.
(Number of Tables = No. Of Model Classes)
c) Class can have variables, must be type private
[No. of Columns= No. Of Variables]
d) Class should have default Constructor and setter-getters methods (Mutators)(Hiberante
uses def.const,set/gets)
e) Class can override methods from java.lang.Object(C), Those are:
toString(), equals(), and hashCode()

*** These methods are non-final, non-private and non-static, So we can override methods in
models class.

f) Class can have annotations given by JPA (Java Persistency API) and also Core
Annotation(=An annotation defined in java.lang package)
g) Class can inherit (IS-A) [extends/implements] only Hibernate API
(HibernateClasses and interfaces)

*** One special interface is allowed that is java.io.Serializable(I) on model class.

** Model class Coding

Every model class must be mapped with DB Table using JPA Annotations.
Follow UML Class and DB Table Design, given as
+ Means Public
- Means Private
#Means Protected

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EX#! Model class with DB Table

Equal java code is:

@Entity
@Table(name="empTab")
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
privatedoubleempSal;

Ex2 Model class with DB Table

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package com.app.model;
// ctlr+shift+o(imports)
@Entity
@Table(name="prodtab")
publicclass Product {
@Id
@Column(name="pid")
privateintProdId;
@Column(name="pcode")
private String prodCode;
@Column(name="pcost")
privatedoubleProdCost;
}
@Entity : It maps model class with DB Table and Variables with columns
@Id: It indicates primary Key. Every Table must Contain Primary key.
@Table :- It is Optional , We can provide column details like column name.
*** if @Table, @Column are not provided then className is TableName,variableName is
ColumnName(taken by Hibernate);
Hibernate Configuration File:- for one application we should provide one configuration file
*) it is XML Format
*) it contains details like properties + mapping classes
Cfg= property + mapping class
*) Here Property means data in key= value format.

Keys are given below (8 keys)

1) hibernate .connection.driver_class=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
2) hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:oracle:thin@localhost:1521:xe
3) hibernate.connection.username=system
4) hibernate.connection.password=system
5) hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect
6) hibernate.show_sql=true
7) hibernate.format_sql=true
8) hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update

1. dialect: dialect is class it will be generate the SQL Query when programmer performs
operation, for every database dialect is different

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EX:- Oracle DB= OracleDialect

MySQL DB= MySQLDialect
Sybase DB= SybaseDialect
H2 DB = H2Dialect
All dialect are defined in package org.hibernate.dialect
2. show_sql:- it is a Boolean property default value is false. To see generated SQL on
Console make value as true.
3. format_sql:- it is a Boolean property default value is false. It will display sql clause by
clause (part by part)
Ex:- Select
Eid ,nam
From
Emptab
Where
Eid=10
Value must be set to ‘true’
4. hbm2ddl.auto:- here hbm= hiberante mapping
ddl=Data definition language(create /alter/drop in SQL)
it has four possible value. Those are:-
a. validate (default value)
b. create
c. update
d. create-drop
A. Validate:- in this case hibernate creates no tables programmer has to create or modify tables
manually. It is only default value.
B. Create:- hibernate creates always new tables, if table exist then it will be drop.
C. Update:- it creates new table if table not exits else uses same tables.
D. Create-drop:- this option is used for testing process not in development, it’s new table and
performs operation at last table will be drop.
*) configuration file must follow naming rule given by hibernate for auto-detection.

Naming rule is: hibernate.cfg.xml

*) it look like:
Hibernate.cfg.xml
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name=”key”>value</property>
…………………………………………………………………….
………………………
<mapping class=”--------”/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
*) Example code with key=value(Oracle)
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

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4). Test Class:-

To perform any operation in hibernate we must write test class. It is used to perform operations
like:
select and non-select (insert, update, delete).
*** Transaction object is required for non-select operation. For “Select” it is not required, even
written no exception but memory is wasted.
***Test class coding and Execution flow***
1. Create object to configuration (c)
2. Load .cfg.xml file into configuration using configure () method.
3. Build SessionFactory using cfg, which handles
a. Loading driver class
b. Creating connection
c. Prepare statements
4. Open Session to perform on operation (either select or non-select)
5. Begin Transaction(Tx) if non-select operation is to be performed.
6. Now perform operation using session.
7. Commit or rollback transaction if tx started.
8. Close session at last.

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Hibernate Framework by Mr. RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

Coding Steps with Concept:-

1. Create empty configuration object using class “configuration” given by hibernate.

Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
2. Load hibernate.cfg.xml file into above object using method configure()
cfg.configure();
** if XML file name or location is different then code will be:
Cfg.configure(“abcd.cfg.xml”);
Cfg.configure(“com/app/one.cfg.xml”);
3. Create object to SessionFactory using cfg, which load driver class and creates connection and
statement type.
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
4. To perform operations (Task) create one Session object using SF.
Session ses=sf.openSession();
5. Start one Transaction if operation type is non-select (insert, update and delete). If select
operation then Tx not required.
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
6. Perform operation using session
…………………………..
…………………………..
7. Either commit or rollback if Tx is started.

tx.commit ()/tx.rollback();
8. Finally close Session
ses.close();

Example code for below UML-ER Design:-

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Model class & 2. Mapping code

package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
// ctlr+shift+o(imports)
@Entity
@Table(name="empTab")
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
privatedoubleempSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicint getEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;

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}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + "]";
}
}
1. Configuration file
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD
3.0//EN""http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hiberante.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Product"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

2. Test Class
package com.app.model;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e=new Employee();
e.setEmpId(1001);

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e.setEmpName("Ramjatan kumar");
e.setEmpSal(22.22);
ses.saveOrUpdate(e);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}
}

Software Required:-
1. JDK 8/9/10
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html
2. Eclipse Java EE | STS(Strng Tool Suite) Tool
https://spring.io/tools/sts/all
http://download.springsource.com/release/STS/3.9.5.RELEASE/dist/e4.8/spring-tool-suite-
3.9.5.RELEASE-e4.8.0-win32-x86_64.zip
3. Oracle10gXE | MySQL5
http://www.mediafire.com/file/roc48z1i6iitpu4/OracleXE.exe/file
4. Jars:
Hibernate Jars 3.x/4.x/5.x
https://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate-
orm/5.2.17.Final/hibernate-release-5.2.17.Final.zip/download
DB Jars: ojdbc.jar/myusql-connector jars
-----------Eclipse Folder System---------------------------------------

Hibernate Jars Download Link:

http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate-orm/5.2.17.Final/
hibernate.cfg.xmlabove content download
https://gist.github.com/yusufcakmak/aefef12a7fe4518043ec
➢ Choose .Zip > download > Extract
➢ Open Folder > goto lib folder
➢ Open required folder > 10 jars

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Show Images Process of creates Step By Step Project in Eclips Id

Step 1.
a. click on File Menu
b. Go to Java Project and Click

Step 2.
a. Enter the Project Name In Text Area
b. After that Click on Finish Button

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Steps 3.
a. Double Click on Project Name

Steps 4. (build path)

a. Right click on ProjectName

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b. Go to Build Path and Select Configure Build Path & Click

c. Click on Libraries tab & Add External JARS…

d. Search for Jars Location

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e. Click on Apply and Apply close

Steps 5.
a. Right Click on Src Folder
b. Go to New Option
c. Select the Class and Click

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Steps 5.
a. Enter Package Name in Text Area
b. Enter Class Name and click Finish Button

(same as like test class also create)

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Folder structure

1. Model Class

package com.app;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table()
publicclass Student {
@Id
@Column(name="sid")
privateintstdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
@Column(name="sfee")
privatedoublestdFee;
@Column(name="age")
privateintAge;
public Student() {
super();
}
publicint getStdId() {
returnstdId;
}
publicvoid setStdId(intstdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
returnstdName;

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}
publicvoid setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
publicdouble getStdFee() {
returnstdFee;
}
publicvoid setStdFee(doublestdFee) {
this.stdFee = stdFee;
}
publicint getAge() {
returnAge;
}
publicvoid setAge(intage) {
Age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", stdFee=" + stdFee + ",
Age=" + Age + "]";
}

1. }configuration file
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD
3.0//EN""http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hiberante.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Student"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Test class

package com.app;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

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import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Student st=new Student();
st.setStdId(1001);
st.setStdName("Ramjatan");
st.setStdFee(22.2);
st.setAge(24);
ses.save(st);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}
}
Output:-

Oracle Data base

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Hibernate FirstAppExa2
Folder Structure

Model class:-

package com.app;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="custTab")
public class Customer {

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@Id
@Column(name="cid")
private int CustId;
@Column(name="cname")
private String CustName;
@Column(name="cadd")
private String CustAdd;
public Customer() {
super();
}
public int getCustId() {
return CustId;
}
public void setCustId(int custId) {
CustId = custId;
}
public String getCustName() {
return CustName;
}
public void setCustName(String custName) {
CustName = custName;
}
public String getCustAdd() {
return CustAdd;
}
public void setCustAdd(String custAdd) {
CustAdd = custAdd;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Customer [CustId=" + CustId + ", CustName=" + CustName + ", CustAdd=" +
CustAdd + "]";
}
}
1. Configuration file (hibernate.cfg.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

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<property name="hibernate.connection.url">
jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.app.Customer"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
2. Test class://

package com.app;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Customer cust=new Customer();
cust.setCustId(1003);
cust.setCustName("Mohan");
cust.setCustAdd("BIHAR SHARIF");
ses.save(cust);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}
}
OutPut:-

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Session(I) in hibernate:-

Session is an interface defined in Hibernate Framework. It is used to perform any operation in

Hibernate.
New Framework-5.x and JDK 1.7 supports auto close of session using try with resource.
Syntax:
Try(Session ses= sf.openSession()){
……………………//logic
}catch(Exception e)
{
………………..
}
*) it means java executes code like:finally { ses.close();}
2. Session(I) has extended java.lang.AutoClosebale. So, try-with-resource is working.
3. Session (I) support operations both select and non-seelct.
Given few examples as:
Non-select: Save(obj):Serializable
Update(obj):void
Delete(obj):void
saveOrUpdate(obj):void
Select: get(T.class,Id):T obj
load(T.class,Id):T obj
Here T=Model class Name=type
Above operations are one row  one object (Single row) operations, it means at a time delete
one row , select one row, update one row ……etc.
To perform multi-row operations Session(I) has provided
Query
Criteria APIs

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***Transaction (tx) must be created using Session(I) in hibernate for non-select operations. It
is not applicable for select operations.

Cache :- it is a Temporary memory implemented by Hibernate framework(not in JDBC) which

reduces network calls between Application and Database , that improves performance.
Hibernate supports 2 type of Cache Management.
Session Cache (First Level)
Session Factory Cache(Second level)
(disabled by default),Which is handled by programmer.
*** Session Cache also has sup-type Query Cache.
------------------JDBC VS Hibernate in Cache------------------------

Session Operations:-

1. Save(obj):- this method is given from Session (I). It is used to convert model class object to
DB Table Row.
• Model class must have at least @Entity, @Id Annotations
• @Table, @Column are optional
*** To avoid variable mapping column, use @Transient

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(Package: javax.persistence)
a). We can’t save new row into DB table with existed Primary key Id using Save() method
Hibernate will throw ConstraintViolationException
==================code=====================
Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Transient;
// ctlr+shift+o(imports)
@Entity
@Table(name="empTab")
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
privatedoubleempSal;
@Transient
privateintempCode;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicint getEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;

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}
publicint getEmpCode() {
returnempCode;
}
publicvoid setEmpCode(intempCode) {
this.empCode = empCode;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + ", empCode=" + empCode
+ "]";
}
}
Configuration File
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDri
ver</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</
property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property><propertyname="
hiberante.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Employee"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Test Class:
package com.app.model;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e=new Employee();

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e.setEmpId(100);
e.setEmpName("Ram");
e.setEmpSal(22.2);
e.setEmpCode(2222);
ses.save(e);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}
}
Output:-

Update(obj):void:-
This method is used to update all columns data based on Primary key column.
Ex: if Table has 50 columns, in that one is Primary key, then is we use ses.update(obj), it will
update 49 columns based one 1 Primary key Column.
If Given Primary key Id is not found then Hibernate throws (Unknown object State )
StateObjectStateException:Row was updated or deleted by another transaction (or unsaved-
value mapping….)
Ex:…………………:code:----

Model class:
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Transient;
// ctlr+shift+o(imports)
@Entity
@Table(name="empTab")
public class Employee {

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@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;
@Transient
private int empCode;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public int getEmpCode() {
return empCode;
}
public void setEmpCode(int empCode) {
this.empCode = empCode;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal="
+ empSal + ", empCode=" + empCode
+ "]";
}
}

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Configuration file
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDri
ver</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</pr
operty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hiberante.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</propert
y>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Employee"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Test Class:
//insert one employee object, then
package com.app.model;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e =new Employee();
e.setEmpId(101);
e.setEmpName("Amit");
e.setEmpSal(6000);
ses.update(e);
//ses.save(e);
tx.commit();
}
}

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After Update Method

Hibernate Save()/update() for example

1. Model class:-

package com.app;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;

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import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table()
publicclass Student {
@Id
@Column(name="sid")
privateintstdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
@Column(name="sfee")
privatedoublestdFee;
@Column(name="age")
privateintAge;
public Student() {
super();
}
publicint getStdId() {
returnstdId;
}
publicvoid setStdId(intstdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
returnstdName;
}
publicvoid setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
publicdouble getStdFee() {
returnstdFee;
}
publicvoid setStdFee(doublestdFee) {
this.stdFee = stdFee;
}
publicint getAge() {
returnAge;
}
publicvoid setAge(intage) {
Age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", stdFee=" + stdFee + ",
Age=" + Age + "]";

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}
}
2. Configuration file//hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property
name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hiberante.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.app.Student"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
3. Test class:

package com.app;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Student st=new Student();
st.setStdId(1001);
st.setStdName("Ramjatan");
st.setStdFee(22.2);
st.setAge(24);
ses.save(st);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}

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}
----Generated SQL Looks like:--------
Update emptab set ename=?,esal=? Were eid=?
saveOrUpdate(obj):void:-
This method will execute “Select ……. Where PKColumn=?” first in DB
*** if given Primary key row exist then Hibernate calls update else Hibernate calls insert
(save).
Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
// ctlr+shift+o(imports)
@Entity
@Table(name="empTab")
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")

privatedoubleempSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicint getEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {

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this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + "]";
}
}

Cfg file are same as before

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hiberante.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Employee"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Test class:
package com.app.model;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e=new Employee();
e.setEmpId(1001);
e.setEmpName("Ramjatan kumar");

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e.setEmpSal(22.22);
ses.saveOrUpdate(e);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}
}
Output:-

ses.delete(obj):void:-this method is used to delete one row from DB Table based on

Primary key only.
a. This method will take input as “model class object having primary key value”
b. First it will execute select query and loads data into cache(I-Level) if exist then delete
query will be called, else does nothing.
-------------------Code---------------
Model class + mapping
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;

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import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Transient;
// ctlr+shift+o(imports)
@Entity
@Table(name="empTab")
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
privatedoubleempSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicint getEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
publicint getEmpCode() {
returnempCode;
}
publicvoid setEmpCode(intempCode) {
this.empCode = empCode;
}
@Override
public String toString() {

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return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +

empSal + ", empCode=" + empCode
+ "]";
}
}

Test class
package com.app.model;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e =new Employee();
e.setEmpId(102);
e.setEmpName("Amit");
e.setEmpSal(6000);
//ses.update(e);
//ses.save(e);
ses.delete(e);

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tx.commit();
}
}
Output:-

enum(JDK 1.5):- enum is keyword in java, introduced in jdk1.5

• it is used to create programmer/User Defined data Type with set of possible values.
Enum:- set of possible values
Syntax:-
Enum<enum_name> { // properties…}
Ex: enum ExamResult {PASS, FAIL,ABS }
*) Every enum property is buy default
Public static final.
It is only variable and value.
*) enum property can be accessed using direct way enumName.property or use static
import to save memory.
1. Create in Project > Src > right click > new > enum > enter pack and enum name
Ex:- Package: com.app.one
Name : ExamResult
-----------------------code-------------------------------
package comm.app.one;
public enum ExamResult {
PASS, FAIL,ABS
}
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2.using enum (Direct access )

Package com.app.test;
Import com.app.one.ExamREsult;
Public class Test {
Public static void main(String arr[]){
System.out.println(ExamREsult.PASS);
System.out.println(ExamResult.FAILL);
}
}
* static import: This feature is used to save memory by loading only required static
properties/method in to JVM(RAM)
> Normal import loads static and instance data into JVM even we use it or not.
>But static iimport will not load all.
Syntax:
1) Import static pack.cls.property
2) Import static pack.cls.method
3) Import static pack.enum.property
----------------------------------reading enum using static import------------------
Package com.app.test;
Import static com.app.one.ExamResult.FAILL;
Public class Test {
psv main(String arr[]){
Sysout(FAILL);
*) To get all possible values in a enum call default method values() which returns same enum
type array.
*) use ordinal (): int method to find index nmber of enum property (starts from zero by
default)
---------------code :Test class--------------------------------
package com.app.test;
Import com.app.one.ExamResult;
public class Test {
psv main(String arr[])
ExamResult[] vals=ExamResult.values();
For(examResult e:vals){
Sysout(e+”,”+e.ordinal());
}
}
}
❖ Using MySQL DB in Hibernate:-
Softwares:- MySQL 5.x + SQL
To migrate from one DB to another DB in hibernate effects only code change in Hibernate
Configuration file. Model class and test classes remains same (No code Change).
*) In cfg file modify 5 keys data. Those are driver_class, url,username,password and dialect.
>> keys-vals for MySQL DB

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Driver_class=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
username:system
password:system
dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
*** In build path add mysql-connector-5.1.jar
❖ DATE and TIME in Hibernate:-
Hibernate has provided enum to handle Date and time concept as column data named as
“TemporalType” given in Package:javax.persistence
Code looks like:-
Enum TemporalType {
DATE,TIME,TIMESTAMP
}
Example:-
Output ----------------------------option to choose
19/07/2018 DATE
6:51 PM TIME
19/07/2018 6:51 PM TIMESTAMP
• Use java.util.DATE or java.sql.Date as variable type
=================code==================

hibernate Date and Time

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Hibernate Framework by Mr. RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

1. Model class:-

package com.app.model;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
@Table(name="StdTable")
public class Student {
@Id
@Column(name="sid")
private int stdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
@Column(name="date")
private Date dt1;
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIME)
@Column(name="time")
private Date dt2;
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
@Column(name="daytime")
private Date dt3;
public Student() {
super();
}
public int getStdId() {
return stdId;
}
public void setStdId(int stdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
return stdName;
}
public void setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
public Date getDt1() {
return dt1;

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}
public void setDt1(Date dt1) {
this.dt1 = dt1;
}
public Date getDt2() {
return dt2;
}
public void setDt2(Date dt2) {
this.dt2 = dt2;
}
public Date getDt3() {
return dt3;
}
public void setDt3(Date dt3) {
this.dt3 = dt3;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", dt1=" + dt1 + ",
dt2=" + dt2 + ", dt3=" + dt3
+ "]";
}
}
Configuration file hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prope
rty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</pro
perty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</propert
y>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Student"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Test class:

package com.app.model;

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import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
//Student st=new Student();
//Student st=ses.get(Student.class, 1001);
Student st=(Student) ses.load(Class.forName("com.app.model.Student"),1001);
System.out.println(st);
ses.close();
//insert record
/*st.setStdId(1001);
st.setStdName("Mohan");
st.setDt1(new Date());
st.setDt2(new Date());
st.setDt3(new Date());
ses.save(st);
*/
tx.commit();
}
}
Output:-

❖ WORKING WITH CLOB AND BLOB TYPES IN HIBERNATE:-

Database support BLOB and CLOB to store large object in tables
BLOB:- it is used to store large objects like audio, video,images,files,like documents PPT,excel
files etc….
it also support pure text in hibernate code should be written as
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@Lob
Private byte[] img;
CLOB: Character Large Object used to store only text data. Code is
@Lob
Private char[] mydata;

fis.available():- this method return int(file size in bytes)

str.toCharArray():- this method converts String to char[]
===================code==================

hibernate CLOB And BLOB

1. Model class:-
package com.app.model;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Lob;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="studTab")
public class Student {
@Id
@Column(name="sid")
private int stdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
@Column(name="sfee")
private double stdFee;
@Lob
@Column(name="img")
private byte[] simg;
@Lob
@Column(name="doc")
private char[] stxt;
public Student() {
super();
}
public int getStdId() {
return stdId;
}
public void setStdId(int stdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}

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public String getStdName() {

return stdName;
}
public void setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
public double getStdFee() {
return stdFee;
}
public void setStdFee(double stdFee) {
this.stdFee = stdFee;
}
public byte[] getSimg() {
return simg;
}
public void setSimg(byte[] simg) {
this.simg = simg;
}
public char[] getStxt() {
return stxt;
}
public void setStxt(char[] stxt) {
this.stxt = stxt;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", stdFee=" + stdFee + ", simg="+
Arrays.toString(simg) + ", stxt=" + Arrays.toString(stxt) + "]";
}
}
2 Configuration file //hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

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<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Student"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

3 Test class:-
package com.app.model;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
importjava.io.FileNotFoundException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Student st=new Student();
st.setStdId(1001);
st.setStdName("Ram");
st.setStdFee(22.2);
FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream("D:\\Ram.jpg");
byte[] arr=newbyte[fis.available()];
fis.read(arr);
st.setSimg(arr);
String str="Welcome to Ramjatan ";
char[] arr1=str.toCharArray();
st.setStxt(arr1);
ses.save(st);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}
}
Output:-

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Hibernate Framework by Mr. RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

Selecting/Fetching Data From DB Table using Hibernate:-

Use get() or load() methods to fetch one row data based on Primary key. It will return in Object
format.

1. On calling get() method,

➢ Hibernate search for Row based on Primary key
➢ If found, Hibernate create object and set the data taken from Table row.
➢ So we need to pass Class type input (Java.lang.Class) to get method.
Class (java.lang):- This is used to give information of a class like name, package, const,
variables, methods etc. to JVM /Framework/Containers.
Syntax:- to create Class obj:-
a. Class c=Class.forName(“-------“);
b. Class c=-------.class
This method is used to fetch one row to one object based on primary key.
Consider Emplyee as Example then code can be written as
Exa1:-
Employee e=ses.get(Class.forName(“com.app.Employee”),10);

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Exam2:-
Employee e=ses.get(Employee.class,10);
• If Hibernate finds row based on Primary given then row will be converted to object else
null value is returned.
code
1. Model class , mapping
2. Cfg file are same as before
3. Test class ://cfg,sf,ses
Employee e ses.get(Employee.class,101);
System.out.println(e);
Ses.close();
AutoBoxing/UnBoxing :- it is process of converting primitive type to object (AutoBoxing) find
Object to primitive (AutoUnBoxing) without writing external converter code.
Exa:-
Int sid=5;
Integer s=sid;///AutoBoxing
Int p=s;//AutoUnboxing
UpCasting/Downcasting:-
UpCasting:- Converting Sub Type object to it’s Super Type is called as UpCasting.
Consider blow example:-

To do upcasting classes must be in Inheritance Reletion(IS-A)

DownCasting:- Converting up casted object to subtype or previous Type is known as down
casting.
To do downcasting class must be in (IS-A) and Object should already being Upcasted.
Q). which datatype can be used as Primary key data Type in Hibernate?
Ans.:- A class / Primitive which directly/indirectly connected to Serializable(I).
Few Are: int, Integer, Number,String

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Hibernate Framework by Mr. RAGHU[NareshIT,Hyderabad]

In hibernate Serializable indicate Primary key

• In get method() 2nd parameter indicates Primarykey is Serializable. 1st parameter is
model class details.
Exa:-
Employee e=ses.get(Employee.class,101);
Here 101 is int type converted to Integer (AutoBoxing) and casted to Number > Serializable.
So, finally 101 can be stored in Serializable.
LOAD() method:- This method also used to select one row data from DB table and converts to
model class object.
Syntax:
Load(Class<T> Clz,
Serializable id):T Obj

=====================Example======================
1. Model class and mapping code
2. Cfg file are same as before
3. Test class:// cfg,sf,ses,
//save one object berfor this
Employee e=ses.load(Employee.class,100);
Sysout(e);
Ses.close();
*) if row 101 is not existed then ObjectNOtfoundException is thrown by Hibernate.

Get() execution flow:-

1. Call get method from hibernate method

2. On calling first time it will make network call by executing select query
3. In row exist it is converted to object and placed in Session Cache else object value is null.
4. Finally object return to Application.

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Example for Get method

Model class:-
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="stdtab3")
publicclass Student {
@Id
@Column (name="sid")
privateintstdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
@Column(name="sfee")
privatedoublestdFee;
public Student() {
super();
}
publicint getStdId() {
returnstdId;
}
publicvoid setStdId(intstdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
returnstdName;
}
publicvoid setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;

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}
publicdouble getStdFee() {
returnstdFee;
}
publicvoid setStdFee(doublestdFee) {
this.stdFee = stdFee;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", stdFee=" + stdFee
+ "]";
}
}

1. Configuration file // hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

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cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
/*Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Student st=new Student();
st.setStdId(102);
st.setStdName("Mohan");
st.setStdFee(6000);
ses.save(st);
tx.commit();
ses.close();*/
Student s=ses.get(Student.class, 101);
System.out.println(s);
ses.close();
}
}
Output:-

Load() Execution flow:-

1. Call load method in hibernate application

2. to application communication with cache
3. Cache create proxy object of model class and it will be set primary key value.
Proxy means dummy object created by hibernate.
4. This proxy is return back to application
5. On performing any operations over object (Print or any get method call) then it will
communicate to proxy for data.

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6. Hibernate application makes Networks call by executing select query.

7. If row exist it is return back to Cache as object data.
8. Data return to applications.
Test class :

1. Model class (same as get method)

2. Configuration file (hibernate.cfg.xml)==same as get method code)

package com.app.model;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Student st=(Student) ses.load(Class.forName("com.app.model.Student"),102);
System.out.println(st);
ses.close();
}
}
Output:-

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Collection Mapping in Hibernate:

Hibernate framework supports working with collection like List,Map,Set…..etc. for every
collection hibernate creates one new child table which will be linked with parent Table.
These collections mapping are two types in hibernate.
1. Index-based collections :- List,Map, and Id-Bag
2. Non=index based collections :- Set,Bag
• For every child table min=2 and max=3 columns are provide by hibernate. Those are:
Key=column= PK-FK link column
Index column= Position number element column=data of collection.
Consider List Type Example below,
For List hibernate creates a child table with 3 columns (index based)

Design with Table Operation

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Here, Hibernate has provided collection mapping annotation: ie

@ElementCollection it must be applied over collection type variable in model class.
• If no child table details are provided then hibernate creates child table with it’s own
column, table names.
• To provide child table details use annotation @Collectiontable
• **** To provide index number for List type use @OrderColumn

==================code ============================

1. Model class

package com.app;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.CollectionTable;
import javax.persistence.Column;

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import javax.persistence.ElementCollection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OrderColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="StudTab")
public class Student {
@Id
@Column(name="sid")
private int stdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
@ElementCollection
@CollectionTable(name="stdproj", joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="sid") )
@OrderColumn(name="pos")
@Column(name="Data")
private List<String>stdData=new ArrayList<String>();
public Student() {
super();
}
public int getStdId() {
return stdId;
}
public void setStdId(int stdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
return stdName;
}
public void setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
public List<String> getStdData() {
return stdData;
}
public void setStdData(List<String> stdData) {
this.stdData = stdData;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", stdData=" + stdData + "]";
}

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}
Configuration file (hibernate.cfg.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

Student st=new Student();

st.setStdId(1001);
st.setStdName("Ram");
st.getStdData().add("D1");
st.getStdData().add("D2");
ses.save(st);
tx.commit();

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ses.close();
}
}

Output:-

Example for Set and Map Collection:-

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SET AND MAP

====================Code=============================
1. Model class
package com.app;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import javax.persistence.CollectionTable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.ElementCollection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.MapKeyColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="custTab")
public class Customer {
@Id
@Column(name="cid")
private int custId;
@Column(name="cname")
private String custName;
@ElementCollection
@CollectionTable(name="custData",
joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="cid")
)
@Column(name="data")
private Set<String>custData=new HashSet<String>();
@ElementCollection
@CollectionTable(name="mapTab",
joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="cid")
)
@MapKeyColumn(name="pos")
@Column(name="data")
private Map<Integer,String>Data=new TreeMap<Integer,String>();
public Customer() {
super();
}
public int getCustId() {
return custId;
}

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public void setCustId(int custId) {

this.custId = custId;
}
public String getCustName() {
return custName;
}
public void setCustName(String custName) {
this.custName = custName;
}
public Set<String> getCustData() {
return custData;
}
public void setCustData(Set<String> custData) {
this.custData = custData;
}
public Map<Integer, String> getData() {
return Data;
}
public void setData(Map<Integer, String> data) {
Data = data;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Customer [custId=" + custId + ", custName=" + custName + ", custData=" +
custData + ", Data=" + Data
+ "]";
}
}
1. Configuration file (hibernate.cfg.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

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<mapping class="com.app.Customer"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Test class:-
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.app.Customer;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Customer c=new Customer();
c.setCustId(1001);
c.setCustName("mohan");
c.getCustData().add("D1");
c.getCustData().add("D2");
c.getData().put(10, "M1");
c.getData().put(11, "M2");
ses.save(c);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}
}
Output;-

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Parent table

Child table

❖ MultiTable-multiClass concepts:-
1. Secondary Table
2. Component mapping
3. Inheritance
4. Association

1. SECONDARY TABLE:- one class normally connected to one table (called as primary table).
Some time we can converts and store data in multiple tables of one class. For this along
with Primary table another table(s) created which are known as Secondary table(s).
Notes:-
1. Every Secondary table gets Primary key column automatically
2. We can create multiple Secondary Table for one class.
3. @Table indicates Primary Table.
@SeconsaryTable indicates Sec. Tab.
4. For more than one sec. tab(s) format is
@SeconadaryTables({
@SecondaryTable(name=””),
@SecondaryTable(name=””),…….
})
5. At column level provide sec. table name using @Column(name=””,table=””)
• If table name is not provided for column, then it will be stored in PrimaryTab
(that is @Table(name=””))

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6. To change Primary key column name in Sec. table use code:

pkJoinColumns=@Primarykey JoinColumn(name=”colName”)
*** it is optional.

================code============

Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.SecondaryTable;
import javax.persistence.SecondaryTables;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab")
@SecondaryTables({
@SecondaryTable(name="emptwo"),
@SecondaryTable(name="empextrainfo",pkJoinColumns=@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(nam
e="eidfk"))
})
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal",table="emptwo")
privatedoubleempSal;
@Column(name="proj",table="empextrainfo")

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private String prjs;

@Column(name="dept",table="empextrainfo")
private String detp;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicint getEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public String getPrjs() {
returnprjs;
}
publicvoid setPrjs(String prjs) {
this.prjs = prjs;
}
public String getDetp() {
returndetp;
}
publicvoid setDetp(String detp) {
this.detp = detp;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + ", prjs=" + prjs + ", detp="
+ detp + "]";
}

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Configuration File
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Employee"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Test class:-
package com.app.model;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee emp=new Employee();
emp.setEmpId(1011);
emp.setEmpName("Mohan");
emp.setEmpSal(22.2);
emp.setPrjs("p1");
emp.setDetp("computer");
ses.save(emp);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}

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Output:-

Parent table

Emptwo table

Empextrainfo table

❖ HAS-A Relation:-
Using child type (class/interface) as a DataType in Parent (class) and creating variable is known
as HAS-A (Associatation) Relation.
• Child can be class or interface
• But parent must be class only.
• Use child inside parent.
Syntax:

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Code:-
Class Address{}
Class employee
{
Address addr;//Has-A
}
• Coding order child first write then parent class
❖ Component Mapping:-
Two or more classes will be connected to one table. In this case Parent class makes HAS-A
Relation with child as fully dependent.
That is if parent data not exist then child data has no meaning that should also be removed. It is
called as fully dependent
Ex:- Employee with it’s Address
Project with it’s Modules
Student with it’s Results
• Consider below example (UML-ER)

=============================Coding :===========================

Model class
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package com.app.model;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Embeddable;

@Embeddable
publicclass Address {
@Column(name="hno")
private String hno;
@Column(name="loc")
private String loc;
public Address() {
super();
}
public String getHno() {
returnhno;
}
publicvoid setHno(String hno) {
this.hno = hno;
}
public String getLoc() {
returnloc;
}
publicvoid setLoc(String loc) {
this.loc = loc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Address [hno=" + hno + ", loc=" + loc + "]";
}
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Embedded;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptabcom")
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;

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@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
privatedoubleempSal;
@Embedded
private Address addr;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicint getEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public Address getAddr() {
returnaddr;
}
publicvoid setAddr(Address addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + ", addr=" + addr + "]";
}
}

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package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.app.model.Address;
import com.app.model.Employee;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session ses=sf.openSession();
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Address addr=new Address();
addr.setHno("6-11");
addr.setLoc("BAN");
Employee emp=new Employee();
emp.setEmpId(1002);
emp.setEmpName("Ram kumar");
emp.setEmpSal(23.3);
emp.setAddr(addr);
ses.save(emp);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}
}
Output:-

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Table (Database Record)

@Embeddable:- This annotation must be applied on child class, to indicate it is eligible to

connect with other (parent) class. That is Selecte for linking
@Embedded:- This annotation must be applied on HAS-A relation level.
It indicates linked with parent.
@AttributeOverride:- It is optional (less used in Real-time). It is used to modify column
name, without effecting child class code (Column name).
HIBERNATE OBJECT STATE:-
Every model class object must be having identifications steps based on
operation perform by programmer, possible state are three
1. Transient state
2. persistence state
3. Detached state

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Transient state
A model class object exist in heap area which not connected in data base (which not in Cache), a
newly created object comes under transient state
Ex:-Employee emp=new employee();
Persistence State:-
A model class object which existedin Cache memory
(Session Cache/Session Factory Cache) is known as Persistence State. If we perform session
operation like. Save(),update(),saveOrUpdate() then object move to Persistence state from
transient state. If we perform get() or load() operations object will be created in Cache that is
directly Persistence State.
Detached state:-
An object (model class object ) removed from Cache(Session Cache /Session
Factory Cache)is known as Detached state. This object is eligible for garvage collection by
performing operation like.
Ses.close() or ses.delete(obj);
HibernateUtil class:-
This class is used to create one object to SessionFactory(I) using singleton design pattern with
eager loading (Static block).
** Sessionfactory is a heavy weight (consumes more memory) object.
Sf, loads driver class, creates connection, handles statement and also hibernate properties
management (dialect, show_sql……)
================code for HibernateUtic class===================

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}
publicstatic SessionFactory getSf() {
returnsf;
}
}

** Here static block will be executed only one time at the time of class loading.
• in test class use try-with-resource concept (jdk1.7) to use concept auto close() of
Session object done bby JVM(JRE).
• A class or interface which extends/implements java.lang.AutoCloseaaable(I) having
close() method can be used in truy-with-resource, not all.
=============Test class code========================

package com.app.test;
//ctrl+shift+o(imports)
public class Test
{
public static void main(String arg[])
{
//jkd1.7 && Hibernate 5.x
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession() ) {
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e=new Employee();
e.setEmpId(10);
e.setEmpName(“AA”);
e.setEmpSal(33.3);
ses.save(e);
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e)
{
tx.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

• Here Session(I) extends java.lang.AutoCloseable(I). So, in test class we are not required to
call
ses.close() method externally
** To known impl class details of any class/interface reference variables used code
Obj.getClass().getName();
Ex:-
Session ses=…………………………

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sysout(ses.getClass().getName());
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
sysout(tx.getClass().getName());
1. TABLE PER CLASS HIERARCHY:
This design provides single table for allmodel classes. It will considers all classes variables as
column names and takes one extra column “Discriminator” which provides information like
“Row related to which model class”.
• Discriminator column can be int type or String/char type

For IS-A Relation Mappoing enum and Annotation are given as:
enum: InheritanceType
Annotation: @Inheritance
For TABLE PER CLASS HIERATCHY DESIGN CODE:
@Inheritance(strategy= InheritanceType.SINGLE_TYPE)
For single table design, we should also provide extra column ‘name,type and value’ using code:
Annota.: @DiscriminatorColumn
Enum : DiscriminatorTupe
Code look like:
@DiscriminatorColumn(name=”obType”,discriminatorType=
DiscriminatorType.STRING )
For object value code is:
@DiscriminatorValue(“-----------“)

=============Example============code===================
TABLE PER CLASS HERARCHY :-

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1. Folder Structure

2. Model classes

package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorColumn;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorType;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="commonTab")
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE)
@DiscriminatorColumn(name="obType",discriminatorType=DiscriminatorType.STRING)
@DiscriminatorValue(value="STD")
public class Student {
@Id
@Column(name="sid")
private int stdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
public Student() {
super();
}
public int getStdId() {

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return stdId;
}
public void setStdId(int stdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
return stdName;
}
public void setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + "]";
}
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("ADD")
public class Address extends Student{
@Column(name="vill")
private String village;
@Column(name="hno")
private int Hoding_no;
@Column(name="city")
private String city;
public Address() {
super();
}
public String getVillage() {
return village;
}
public void setVillage(String village) {
this.village = village;
}
public int getHoding_no() {
return Hoding_no;
}
public void setHoding_no(int hoding_no) {
Hoding_no = hoding_no;

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}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [village=" + village + ", Hoding_no=" + Hoding_no + ", city=" + city
+ "]";
}
}
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("CLS")
public class Classes extends Student {
@Column(name="cname")
private String Class_Name;
public Classes() {
super();
}
public String getClass_Name() {
return Class_Name;
}
public void setClass_Name(String class_Name) {
Class_Name = class_Name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Classes [Class_Name=" + Class_Name + "]";
}
}
3. Configuration file(hibernate.cfg.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>

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<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Student"/>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Address"/>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Classes"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

3.HibernateUtil file:-

package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;
}
}
4. Test class:-
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Address;
import com.app.model.Classes;
import com.app.model.Student;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
Transaction tx1=ses.beginTransaction();
Student st=new Student();
st.setStdId(1001);

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st.setStdName("Mohan");
Address add=new Address();
add.setStdId(101);
add.setStdName("Sohan");
add.setVillage("GH");
add.setHoding_no(011);
add.setCity("hyd");
Classes cs=new Classes();
cs.setStdId(102);
cs.setStdName("Anil");
cs.setClass_Name("MCA");
ses.save(st);
ses.save(add);
ses.save(cs);
tx1.commit();
ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();

}
}
}
** for DiscriminatorColumn default column name is =”Dtype” and default datatype is =”String”.
Prossible datatype are String, char and Int.
Output:-

TABLE PER SUB CLASS:-

In this case hibernate creates table for every child case along with parent class.

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• On saving data, parent data stored at parent table and child data stored at child
table.
• Parent table and child table is connected using PK-FK column. FK column also called
as key column.

======================code=============================
Folder Structure

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Model class
package com.app;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="pertab")
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.JOINED)
publicclass Person{
@Id
@Column(name="pid")
privateintperId;
@Column(name="pname")
private String perName;
public Person() {
super();
}
publicint getPerId() {

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}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
package com.app;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="empTab")
@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name="eid")
publicclass Employee extends Person {
@Column(name="sal")
privatedoubleempSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empSal=" + empSal + "]";
}
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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package com.app;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="stdTab")
@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name="sid")
publicclass Student extends Person {
@Column(name="fee")
privatedoublestdFee;
@Column(name="grd")
private String grade;
public Student() {
super();
}
publicdouble getStdFee() {
returnstdFee;
}
publicvoid setStdFee(doublestdFee) {
this.stdFee = stdFee;
}
public String getGrade() {
returngrade;
}
publicvoid setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Student [stdFee=" + stdFee + ", grade=" + grade + "]";
}
}
• Here PKJoinColumn means “a column which behaves as PK column of child table and FK
column to link with parent table”.

HibernateUtil .java

package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass HibernateUtil {
privatestatic SessionFactory sf=null;
static

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{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
publicstatic SessionFactory getSf()
{
returnsf;
}
}
Hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prope
rty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ramdb</pr
operty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</propert
y>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.Person"/>
<mappingclass="com.app.Employee"/>
<mappingclass="com.app.Student"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Test class
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.Employee;
import com.app.Person;
import com.app.Student;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Person p=new Person();
p.setPerId(101);
p.setPerName("Ramjatan");
Employee emp=new Employee();
emp.setPerId(102);

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emp.setPerName("Mohan");
emp.setEmpSal(5000);
Student st=new Student();
st.setPerId(301);
st.setPerName("Amit");
st.setStdFee(505);
st.setGrade("B+");
ses.save(p);
ses.save(emp);
ses.save(st);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output:-

Data Base Record

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❖ TABLE PER CONCRETE CLASS

This design creates independent tables for every class in IS-A relation including parent
class variable.

=========================CODE==========================

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Model class:-

package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="perTab1")
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
publicclass Person {
@Id
@Column(name="pid")
privateintperId;
@Column(name="pname")
private String perName;
public Person() {
super();
}
publicint getPerId() {

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returnperId;
}
publicvoid setPerId(intperId) {
this.perId = perId;
}
public String getPerName() {
returnperName;
}
publicvoid setPerName(String perName) {
this.perName = perName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Person [perId=" + perId + ", perName=" + perName + "]";
}
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab1")
publicclass Employee extends Person {
@Column(name="sal")
privatedoubleempSal;
@Column(name="prj")
private String empProj;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public String getEmpProj() {
returnempProj;
}
publicvoid setEmpProj(String empProj) {
this.empProj = empProj;
}
@Override

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public String toString() {

return"Employee [empSal=" + empSal + ", empProj=" + empProj + "]";
}
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="stdTab1")
publicclass Student extends Person {
@Column(name="fee")
privatedoublestdFee;
@Column(name="grd")
private String grade;
public Student() {
super();
}
publicdouble getStdFee() {
returnstdFee;
}
publicvoid setStdFee(doublestdFee) {
this.stdFee = stdFee;
}
public String getGrade() {
returngrade;
}
publicvoid setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Student [stdFee=" + stdFee + ", grade=" + grade + "]";
}

}
HibernateUtil class
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass HibernateUtil {
privatestatic SessionFactory sf=null;

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static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
publicstatic SessionFactory getSf()
{
returnsf;
}
}
Hibernate.cfg.xml file
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ramdb</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Person"/>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Employee"/>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Student"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Test class
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.model.Person;
import com.app.model.Student;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
Transaction tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Person p=new Person();
p.setPerId(101);

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p.setPerName("Ramjatan");
Employee emp=new Employee();
emp.setPerId(201);
emp.setPerName("Mohan");
emp.setEmpSal(5000);
emp.setEmpProj("P1");
Student st=new Student();
st.setPerId(301);
st.setPerName("Sudhir kumar");
st.setStdFee(6000);
st.setGrade("A+");
ses.save(p);
ses.save(emp);
ses.save(st);
tx.commit();
//ses.close();
}
}
}
** Table per concrete class compared with all other designs, it is very faster in operations
(insert,update,delete) etc….. used in regular operations lik:insert/fetch/modify.
** Table per sub class is used in report generation tools concept. Like:-iText,Jasper,POI etc..

Output:-

Database Table Record

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Maven Working Flow

If multiple model classes are connected using IS-A Relation in Application (extends
keyword) then Hibernate can creates tables based on design selected by Programmers.
Types of Maven Project :-
Simple Maven Project (stand alone)
1. ArchType maven Project(Web/Webservieces/enterprise apps)
Complie
.java->.class
Build
.class-> .jar/.war/.ear

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Deploy:
Place .war.ear in server and start
***) Server terms:
UAT= user Acdeptance test server Production=Realtime server
(Used by end users)
QA/DEV serves=Testing/ Development Team servers
❖ HIBERNATE MAVEN APPLICATION :-

Steps:- 1.
Create maven Projcet
>file > new > other > Search with Maven > choose “Maven Project” next
> choose checkbox [v] create simple Project (skip arch….)”
> next > Enter detail like:
Group id : org.nareshittech
artifactId : HibernateAppMaven
version : 1.0
➢ Click on Finish
Steps: 2.
Open pom.xml in XMl mode and add dependenies and build-pulgins(copy from
document)
Steps: 3.
Update Maven Project *******
➢ Right click on Project > Maven > update Project > next Finish
Steps : 4.
Define hibernate files (model,util,test,cfg,file);
**** Steps for Clean Setup:
➢ Right click on Project > Run As > Maven install Then next
➢ Right click on project > maven > update project

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Example 1
Pom.xml

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<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

//////////////////////Model class////////////////////////////

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this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
returnstdName;
}
publicvoid setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
publicdouble getStdFee() {
returnstdFee;
}
publicvoid setStdFee(doublestdFee) {
this.stdFee = stdFee;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", stdFee=" + stdFee
+ "]";
}
}

/////////////////HibernateUtil file//////////////////////

/////////////////////Hibernate.cfg.xml////////////////////////////
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

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</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
//////////////////////Test class:-//////////////////////////////

package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Student;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
Transaction tx1=ses.beginTransaction();
Student st=new Student();
st.setStdId(1002);
st.setStdName("Sumanth");
st.setStdFee(5000);
ses.save(st);
tx1.commit();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Output:-

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❖ Multiplicity
Mulitiplicity:- Rows in one table connected to rows in another table using Tables PK-FK
Columns.
• One table PK column should be taken as another table FK column.
• These are 4 types in Database.
• There are
a). one-to-one (1…1)
b). one-to-many(1…*)
c). many-to-one(*…1)
d). many-to-many(*…*)
* In simple 1…* means “ 1 row in one table is conneted to many(*) rows in another table”
* it speaks relations between rows. By creating link bettewen tables.
* Hint: many(*) side extra column(FK) is created. For *…* extra table with 2 FK column will be
created.
** for 1…1 use *…1 and apply unique condition at many side.
ASSOCIATION MAPPING (HAS-A):-
Hibernate supports multiplicity using HAS-A relation. It has made them into 2 types.
a. Non-Collection based
b. Collection based.

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Non-collection based Collection based

1…1 1…*
*…1 *…*

Steps to implement HAS-A concept:-

1. Wirte tow classes code any apply HAS-A relation between those
2. Write multiplicity Annotation over HAS-A Relation level
1…* => @OneToMany
*…* => @ManyToMany
*…1 => @ManyToOne
1…1 => @ManyToOne(Unique)
3. Convert HAS- to collection mode if multiplicity is collection type
4. Draw tables with PK-FK columns
Exm#1 *…1
Employee Address
HAS-A
Class Employee classAddress
{ {
@ManyToOne
Address addr;
} }
Class Project { class Module {
@OneToMany
Set<Module> mobs; }
}

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Example for :Many-to-One(*…1)

Pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>HibernateMavenFirstApp</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>

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<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

Model class:-

package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="addrtab")
publicclass Address {
@Id
@Column(name="aid")
privateintaddrId;
@Column(name="loc")
private String loc;
@Column(name="pin")
private String pin;
public Address() {
super();
}
publicint getAddrId() {
returnaddrId;
}
publicvoid setAddrId(intaddrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
returnloc;
}
publicvoid setLoc(String loc) {
this.loc = loc;

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}
public String getPin() {
returnpin;
}
publicvoid setPin(String pin) {
this.pin = pin;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + ", pin=" + pin + "]";
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="empTab")
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
privatedoubleempSal;
@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name="aidFk")//fk column
private Address addr;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicint getEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;

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}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public Address getAddr() {
returnaddr;
}
publicvoid setAddr(Address addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + ", addr=" + addr + "]";
}
}
HibernateUtil
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;
}
}

Config file (.cfg.xml)

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

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<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prope
rty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ramdb</pr
operty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</propert
y>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Employee"/>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Address"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Test class:
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Address;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession())
{
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Address addr=new Address();
addr.setAddrId(101);
addr.setLoc("HYD");
addr.setPin("58849");
Employee e1=new Employee();
e1.setEmpId(1);
e1.setEmpName("A");
e1.setEmpSal(3.3);
e1.setAddr(addr);
//alt+shift+R -> to rename local variable
Employee e3=new Employee();
e3.setEmpId(3);
e3.setEmpName("B");
e3.setEmpSal(4.3);
e3.setAddr(addr);
ses.save(addr);
ses.save(e1);
//ses.save(e2);

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ses.save(e3);
tx.commit();
}
}
}
Output:-

2. ONE-TO-ONE:-
For this case use many-to-one with unique condition over FK column.
• Unique column will not allow duplicates. But null values (multiple) are accepted.
• Null indicates no-data and FK column null indicates no child row.
• To make FK column unique code is:
@JoinColumn(name=””,unique=true)

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Folder structure

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Pom.xml
<projectxmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/
2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>HibernateMavenFirstApp</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>

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<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Model class:-

package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="addrtab1")
publicclass Address {
@Id
@Column(name="aid")
privateintaddrId;
@Column(name="loc")
private String loc;
@Column(name="pin")
private String pin;
public Address() {
super();
}
publicint getAddrId() {
returnaddrId;
}
publicvoid setAddrId(intaddrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
returnloc;
}
publicvoid setLoc(String loc) {
this.loc = loc;
}
public String getPin() {
returnpin;

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}
publicvoid setPin(String pin) {
this.pin = pin;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + ", pin=" + pin + "]";
}
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab2")
publicclass Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
privateintempId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
privatedoubleempSal;
@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name="aidFK",unique=true)
private Address addr;//HAS-A
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicint getEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;

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}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public Address getAddr() {
returnaddr;
}
publicvoid setAddr(Address addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + ", addr=" + addr + "]";
}
}
/////////////HibernateUtil .java////////////////////////
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass HibernateUtil {
privatestatic SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
publicstatic SessionFactory getSf()
{
returnsf;
}
}

/////////////////Configuration file///////////////////////////
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prope
rty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ramdb</pr
operty>

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<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</propert
y>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Address"/>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Employee"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
//////////////////Test class:///////////////////////////
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Address;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Address a1=new Address();
a1.setAddrId(101);
a1.setLoc("HYD");
a1.setPin("50019");
Employee e1=new Employee();
e1.setEmpId(1);
e1.setEmpName("A");
e1.setEmpSal(3.2);
e1.setAddr(a1);
Employee e2=new Employee();
e2.setEmpId(3);
e2.setEmpName("C");
e2.setEmpSal(4.4);
ses.save(a1);
ses.save(e1);
ses.save(e2);
tx.commit();
}
}
}
Output

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Q). can we insert multiple null values in unique column?

Ans.-> Yes, Unique means no duplicate data but null means no data. So, multiple null values can
be inserted to unique column.
Q). can we insert null to any column?
Ans.->Yes , every column (int /varchar/number/BLOB/binary /text/float all types),
Supports null as default values in database.

ONE-TO-MANY:
It is collection based multiplicity in Hibernate.
For Parent class create one object and child class create multiple objects and convert them
into One collection Type(List,Set….)
• Here first child objects are inserted (insert query for child..) then parent objects are inserted
(insert query for parent) them finally parent ID will be updaed with child table FK column
(update query for child table).
Example:-

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Folder structure

Pom.xml (same as before code)

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Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="modtab")
publicclass Module {
@Id
@Column(name="mid")
privateintmodId;
@Column(name="mname")
private String modName;
@Column(name="mtype")
private String modType;
public Module() {
super();
}
publicint getModId() {
returnmodId;
}
publicvoid setModId(intmodId) {
this.modId = modId;
}
public String getModName() {
returnmodName;
}
publicvoid setModName(String modName) {
this.modName = modName;
}
public String getModType() {
returnmodType;
}
publicvoid setModType(String modType) {
this.modType = modType;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Module [modId=" + modId + ", modName=" + modName + ", modType=" +
modType + "]";
}
}

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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
package com.app.model;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="prodtab")
publicclass Product {
@Id
@Column(name="pid")
privateintprodId;
@Column(name="pname")
private String prodName;
@Column(name="pcost")
privatedoubleprodCost;
@OneToMany
@JoinColumn(name="pidFk")
private Set<Module>mob=new HashSet<Module>();
public Product() {
super();
}
publicint getProdId() {
returnprodId;
}
publicvoid setProdId(intprodId) {
this.prodId = prodId;
}
public String getProdName() {
returnprodName;
}
publicvoid setProdName(String prodName) {
this.prodName = prodName;
}
publicdouble getProdCost() {
returnprodCost;
}
publicvoid setProdCost(doubleprodCost) {
this.prodCost = prodCost;
}

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public Set<Module> getMob() {

returnmob;
}
publicvoid setMob(Set<Module>mob) {
this.mob = mob;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Product [prodId=" + prodId + ", prodName=" + prodName + ", prodCost=" +
prodCost + ", mob=" + mob + "]";
}
}
////////////////HibernateUtil.java///////////////////////////
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
publicclass HibernateUtil {
privatestatic SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
publicstatic SessionFactory getSf()
{
returnsf;
}
}
////////////configuration file////////////////////////////////////////////
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prope
rty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ramdb</pr
operty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</propert
y>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Module"/>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Product"/>
</session-factory>

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</hibernate-configuration>
//////////////////////////////Test class:// ///////////////////////////////
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Module;
import com.app.model.Product;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Module m1=new Module();
m1.setModId(101);
m1.setModName("A");
//m1.setModCost(3.3);
Module m2=new Module();
m2.setModId(102);
m2.setModName("B");
//m2.setModCost(2.3);
Product p=new Product();
p.setProdId(10);
p.setProdName("A");
//p.setCost(2.2);
p.getMob().add(m1);
p.getMob().add(m2);
// p.getMob().add(m3);
ses.save(m1);
ses.save(m2);
//ses.save(m3);
ses.save(p);
tx.commit();
}
}
}
Output:-

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❖ Many-To-Many:-

In two model classes are connected using HAS-A relation and both sides executing one-to-many
relation, then it is consider as many to many.
Ex:- Ones student can learn mulitiple courses (1 student =* course) in same way one course can
be taken by multiple students(1 c
That is both sides many to many can shows an
*…*
Student ---------------------<>Course
HAS-A

=============code=============

Folder structure

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Model classes

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this.crId = crId;
}
public String getCrName() {
returncrName;
}
publicvoid setCrName(String crName) {
this.crName = crName;
}
publicdouble getCrCost() {
returncrCost;
}
publicvoid setCrCost(doublecrCost) {
this.crCost = crCost;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Course [crId=" + crId + ", crName=" + crName + ", crCost=" + crCost + "]";
}

}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

package com.app.model;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="stdtab2")
publicclass Student {
@Id
@Column(name="sid")
privateintstdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
@Column(name="smarks")
privatedoublestdMarsk;

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@ManyToMany
@JoinTable(name="stdcrstab",joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="sidFk"),
inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="cidFk")
)
private Set<Course>cobs=new HashSet<Course>(0);///HAS-A
public Student() {
super();
}
publicint getStdId() {
returnstdId;
}
publicvoid setStdId(intstdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
returnstdName;
}
publicvoid setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
publicdouble getStdMarsk() {
returnstdMarsk;
}
publicvoid setStdMarsk(doublestdMarsk) {
this.stdMarsk = stdMarsk;
}
public Set<Course> getCobs() {
returncobs;
}
publicvoid setCobs(Set<Course>cobs) {
this.cobs = cobs;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", stdMarsk=" + stdMarsk +
", cobs=" + cobs + "]";
}
}
///////////////HibernateUtil.java////////////////////////
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;

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static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();

}
public static SessionFactory getSf() {
return sf;
}
}
///////////////Configuratin file///////////////////

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prope
rty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ramdb</pr
operty>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</propert
y>
<propertyname="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Course"/>
<mappingclass="com.app.model.Student"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

///////////////Test class:////////////////////////

package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.app.model.Course;
import com.app.model.Student;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession())
{
tx=ses.beginTransaction();

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Course c1=new Course();

c1.setCrId(1);
c1.setCrName("CJ");
c1.setCrCost(2.2);
Course c2=new Course();
c2.setCrId(2);
c2.setCrName("AJ");
c2.setCrCost(5.5);
Course c3=new Course();
c3.setCrId(3);
c3.setCrName("HI");
c3.setCrCost(5.5);
Student s1=new Student();
s1.setStdId(88);
s1.setStdName("AJ");
s1.setStdMarsk(3.36);
s1.getCobs().add(c1);
s1.getCobs().add(c2);
Student s2=new Student();
s2.setStdId(89);
s2.setStdName("VJ");
s2.setStdMarsk(8.98);
s2.getCobs().add(c2);
s2.getCobs().add(c3);
Student s3=new Student();
s3.setStdId(90);
s3.setStdName("UJ");
s3.setStdMarsk(7.88);
s3.getCobs().add(c1);
ses.save(c1);
ses.save(c2);
ses.save(c3);
ses.save(s1);
ses.save(s2);
ses.save(s3);
tx.commit();
//ses.close();
}
}
}
Output:-

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HQL(HIBERNATE QUERY LANGUAGE ):-

By session operation like save(),update(),delete(),get(),load(),saveOrUpdate()..
We can perform single row operation.
• To perform multi row operation hibernate has provided HQL Concept. It will support
both select and Non-Select operation(update,delete,and copy)
• *** HQL will not support multi-row insert.
• SQL is data base dependent it means query written to one database may not work
with another database.

• HQL query written one but we need to modify dialect on change of database.

• SQL query incasesensetive that is upper case letter or lower case letter are allowed in
writing query
Ex: select eid,ename from emptab
SELECT eid,Ename from empTab
Select Eid, ENAME from EMPTAB
All are valid
• HQL is partially case sensitive that is java related word case sensitive and SQL related
words (select ,update, delete, from, set,group by having…..) case sensitive
• To convert HQL to SQL replace with column name with variable name table name with
class name.

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Ex:- SQL:-
Select eid,ename from emptab
HQL:
Select empIde, empName from com.app.model.Employee
Ex#2:-
SQL:- update emptab set ename=?,esal=? Where eid=?
HQL:-
UPDATE com.app.model.Employee set empName=?,empSal=? Where
empId=?
EX#3:-*****
SQL:-
select *from emptabl
HQL:-
from com.app.model.Employee
EX#4:
SQL:-
delete from emptabl where eid=?
HQL:-
delete from com.app.model.Employee where empId=?
Ex#5
SQL:-
select count(eid) from emptab group by eid;
HQL:-
Select count (empId) from com.app.Employee group by empId;

HQL SELECT: we can use select queries to fetch data DB tables (Multiple rows). Final output is given by
Hibernate is java.util.List(no.of rows=no.of objects>> stored in List Collection only)
FULL LOADING :-select all columns using Query(HQL/SQL) is known as Full loading (One Full row = one
complete Model class Object). So final output will be List<T>, T=Type/Model class Name
PARTIAL LOADING : selecting one column (=1 column) or more then one columns (>1 column) is
known as Partial loading.
Final outoput is given as:
= 1 column: List<DT>
DT=DataType of varivales/column
>1 column :List<Object[]>

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HQL CODING:- in Test class after creating session object , follow below steps:
1. Define one HQL String
Ex: String hql=”….”;
2. Create Query object using session object
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
3. Execute query object using list() method
List<__> data=q.list();
Exa: data select using HQL

Folder Structure

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1. Pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>HQLExaple</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>

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<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2. Configuration file(cfg.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Manager"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

3. Model Class:-
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="managertab")
public class Manager {
@Id
@Column(name="mid")
private int mngId;

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@Column(name="mname")
private String mngName;
@Column(name="mfee")
private double mngFee;
public Manager() {
super();
}
public int getMngId() {
return mngId;
}
public void setMngId(int mngId) {
this.mngId = mngId;
}
public String getMngName() {
return mngName;
}
public void setMngName(String mngName) {
this.mngName = mngName;
}
public double getMngFee() {
return mngFee;
}
public void setMngFee(double mngFee) {
this.mngFee = mngFee;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Manager [mngId=" + mngId + ", mngName=" + mngName + ", mngFee=" +
mngFee + "]";
}
}
4. HibernateUtil(.java)
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;

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}
}
5. Test class:
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Insert Data Code
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Manager m1=new Manager();
m1.setMngId(101);
m1.setMngName("Mohit");
m1.setMngFee(484.4);
Manager m2=new Manager();
m2.setMngId(102);
m2.setMngName("sumit");
m2.setMngFee(48.4);
Manager m3=new Manager();
m3.setMngId(103);
m3.setMngName("amit");
m3.setMngFee(42.4);
Manager m4=new Manager();
m4.setMngId(104);
m4.setMngName("Mohit");
m4.setMngFee(44.4);
ses.save(m1);
ses.save(m2);
ses.save(m3);
ses.save(m4);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{

}
}
}

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//Example Display All Record

package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
=======//Display all record=======
String hql="from com.app.model.Manager";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
List<Manager>man=q.list();
for(Manager m:man)
{
System.out.println(m);
}

}catch(Exception ex)
{

}
}
}
OutPut:-(Display All Record)

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Example Code:-// Select one Record Only

package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
String hql="select mngName from com.app.model.Manager ";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
List<String>list=q.list();
for(String s:list)
{
System.out.println(s);
}
}catch(Exception ex)
{

}
}
}
OutPut:-(Select one Record Only)

Example Code:- //Select Multiple Record

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Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="select mngId,mngName from com.app.model.Manager";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
List<Object[]>list=q.list();
for(Object[]ob:list)
{
System.out.println(ob[0]+","+ob[1]);
}

}catch(Exception ex)
{

}
}
}
Output:- Select Multiple Record

Example Code: Full Loading

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Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
List<Manager>m=q.list();
m.forEach(System.out::println);
}catch(Exception ex)
{

}
}
}

OutPut:- Full Loading

PARAMETER IN HQL:- it is used to pass data to query at runtime.

A parameter in simple called as input to HQL/SQL query at runtime.
Hibernate supports two types of parameters concepts.
1. Positional Parameters(?)
2. Named Parameters (:name)
1. Positional Parameters:- It indicates position numbers of ? Symbols. States from Zero (in
hibernate).
• Starts from 1 in JDBC.
• One HQL Query can have multiple “?” symbols which indicates data comes at
runtime.
• Index number starts from zero, to set data based on position used method
“setParameter(index,data)”
Example:-
Select eid from emptab
Where eid> ?-------0
Or ename= ?--------1
And esal < ? ---------2
Select eid from emptab
Where eid< ? -----------------0

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And eid > ?----------------------0 ---0

Or ename =?--------------------1
• Position number may get changed if query gets changes

====Example===================
1. Model class, cfg,util are same as before
2. Test class:// cfg,sf,ses

package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="from com.app.model.Manager where mngId=? or mngName=?";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
q.setParameter(0, 102);
q.setParameter(1, "AA");
List<Manager>m=q.list();
m.forEach(System.out::println);
}catch(Exception ex)
{

}
}
}

OutPut:- (Positional Paramerter )

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2) Named Parameters:- it is used to provide a name in place of ? symbole, to indicate data

comes at runtime.
* This is new concept in Hibernate, not exist in JDBC
* Name should be unique in HQL (duplicates not allowed )
**** We can use variableName as parameter name also.
• Name never gets changed if query is changed.
• To pass data at runtime code is : setParameter(name,data)
• Syntax is : name (colon name)
Ex#1:
==========code================
Test class:// cfg,sf,ses
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="from com.app.model.Manager where mngId=:a or mngName=:b";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
q.setParameter("a", 101);
q.setParameter("b", "aa");
List<Manager>m=q.list();
m.forEach(System.out::println);
}catch(Exception ex)
{
}
}
}OutPut:- (Named Parameter)

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Q. Can we use positional and named parameters in one query ?

Ans.:- YES, But condition is once named parameters started then ? symbols not allowed. If
written then, hibernate thows QuerySysntexException: cannot define positional parameter
after any named parameters have been defined.
Ex :
Orders :
? ? ? ? ----- valid
? ? :b :a -----valid
:a :b ? ?-----invalid
? ? :a ?------invalid
In clause:- To work with random rows in DB table use in clause.
Syntax:
Select ….from …
Where column in (values);
• To handle this in Hibernate
• Used named parameters
• Create values collection
• Call setParameterList method
========code=====
Test class:// cfg,sf,ses
String hql=”from com.app.model.Employee where empId in (:a)”;
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
List<Integer> al=Arrays.asList(10,12,14,8);
q.setParameteList(“a”,al);
List<Employee> e=q.list();
e.forEach(System.out::println);
uniqueResult():- this method is used for select HQL operation. If query returns one row data
then choose this method instead of query. List() method.
• if will save memory, by avoiding list object for one row data.

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Ex:-
Test class:/// cfg,sf,ses
Case#1 one=row with all columns
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="from com.app.model.Manager where mngId=104";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
Manager m=(Manager)q.uniqueResult();
System.out.println(m);
}catch(Exception ex)
{
}
}
}
OutPut:-

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======case#2===== one row one column=======

package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="select mngName from com.app.model.Manager where mngId=102";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
String mname= (String)q.uniqueResult();
System.out.println(mname);
}catch(Exception ex)
{
}
}
}
OutPut:-

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=======case#3====== one row= multiple columns=====

package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="select mngName,mngFee from com.app.model.Manager where mngId=101";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
Object[]m=(Object[])q.uniqueResult();
System.out.println(m[0]+","+m[1]);
}catch(Exception ex)
{
}
}
}
Output:-

• if query return multiple rows data and still used uniqueResult() method, then
hibernate throws Exception like NonUniqueResultException : query did not return a
unique result: 3
PAGINATION IN HIBERNATE
It is a process of display few (page size rows in UI/Application, instead of loading all rows
from DB table.
EX:- Google Search, Gmail Inbox/sent email , Bank account Transaction.
• Page:- Data shown with fixed size (no of rows to be shown in one access ) as
output .
• Page Size:- No.of rows in a page.
===Basic Formula=======

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Total rows=tr=no.of rows in table page size =ps=no.of rows per page no.of pages
=np= tr/ps+(tr%ps>0?1:0)
Tr/ps =provides no.of full pages
Tr%ps>0?1:0 = provides no.of partial pages
• Full page =no.of rows in page is equals ot page size(ps)
• Partial page =no.of rows in page is less then to page size(ps)
• At max 1(one) and at min zero(0) partial pages may occure in one application.
*** We can never get tow partial pages
----Example-------
Ex#1:
Tr=18 ps=5
Np= 18/5 + (18%5>0?1:0)
= 3 + 3 >0?1:0
= 3+1
=4
Page number 1 2 3 4

Start row 0 5 10 15
. 16
. 17
End row 4 9 15
** For every row, hibernate provides row number which starts from zero(0)
Example Emptab

Row id eid ename esal

0 58 A 3.6
1 12 B 9.2
2 74 C 8.6
………………………………….
Example 2
tr=126 ps=40
Np=3+1=4
Pages 1 2 3 4
Start 0 40 80 120
…125
End 39 79 119
Hibernate Pagination API Method
Query(I) [org.hibernate.query] has provided pagination methods to get required rows from Database
Table.
Those are:-
setFirstResult(int index)
setMaxResults(int size)
• Using those methods internaly generates limit clause for SQL query.
• Default value ofr method setFirestResult is zero(0).
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• If no valaue is provided for setMaxResult then it will load all rows from current
position.
• Ex:- consider below code with briefly explain
1. Folder structure

2. POM.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>HQLJOIN</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

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3. Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "emptab")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name = "eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name = "ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name = "esal")
private double empSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {

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this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal="
+ empSal + "]";
}
}

4. HibernateUtil class
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf = null;
static {
sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf() {
return sf;
}
}
5. Configuration file (cfg.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee"/>

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</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
6. Test class
package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx = null;
try (Session ses = HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee emp=new Employee();
emp.setEmpId(1001);
emp.setEmpName("Sumit");
emp.setEmpSal(33.3);
Employee emp1=new Employee();
emp1.setEmpId(1002);
emp1.setEmpName("Sujeeta");
emp1.setEmpSal(31.4);
Employee emp2=new Employee();
emp2.setEmpId(1003);
emp2.setEmpName("anil");
emp2.setEmpSal(44.4);
Employee emp3=new Employee();
emp3.setEmpId(1004);
emp3.setEmpName("amit");
emp3.setEmpSal(34.3);
Employee emp4=new Employee();
emp4.setEmpId(1005);
emp4.setEmpName("raja");
emp4.setEmpSal(312.3);
ses.save(emp);
ses.save(emp1);
ses.save(emp2);
ses.save(emp3);
ses.save(emp4);
ses.save(emp4);
tx.commit();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();

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}
} }
Successfully insert record

Consider below table with database

Ex:- Test class:

package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx = null;
try (Session ses = HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="from com.app.model.Employee";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
q.setFirstResult(4);
q.setMaxResults(6);
List<Employee>empob=q.list();
empob.forEach(System.out::println);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}

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output selected rows Id are

Above code can also be written as:

List<Employee> eob= ses.createQuery(“from “ +
Employee.class.getName()).setFirstResult(4).setMaxResult(3).list();
Ex#2-----------------
Select exactly rowId#6 only.
package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx = null;
try (Session ses = HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="from com.app.model.Employee ";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
q.setFirstResult(6);
q.setMaxResults(1);
List<Employee>emps=q.list();
emps.forEach(System.out::println);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

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Output (Exactly 6 nos record show)

Ex#3 =============
package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx = null;
try (Session ses = HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="from com.app.model.Employee ";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
q.setFirstResult(6);
q.setMaxResults(6);
List<Employee>emps=q.list();
emps.forEach(System.out::println);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output

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Ex#4 ==My select query returns multiple rows, but choose always first row in result and print
that.
package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx = null;
try (Session ses = HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {
String hql="from com.app.model.Employee ";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
q.setFirstResult(0);
q.setMaxResults(1);
List<Employee>emps=q.list();
emps.forEach(System.out::println);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
OutPut:-

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HQL NON=SELECT OPERATION:- HQL supports non-select operations like

a. Update multiple rows
b. Delete mulitiple rows copy rows from one table to another table (backup data )
• Use method executeUpdate():int return no.of rows effected
• It supports both positional and named parameters.
Ex#- update HQL=====
package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx = null;
try (Session ses = HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()) {

tx=ses.beginTransaction(); Employee emp=new Employee();

String hql="update com.app.model.Employee set empName=:a,empSal=:b where empId=:c";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
q.setParameter("a", "ramveer");
q.setParameter("b", 345.3);
q.setParameter("c", 1001);
intcount=q.executeUpdate();
tx.commit();
System.out.println(count);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
OutPut:-

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===Ex#2 delte HQL====

tx=ses.beginTransaction(); Employee emp=new Employee();

String hql="delete com.app.model.Employee where empId=:a";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
q.setParameter("a", 1001);
intcount= q.executeUpdate();
tx.commit();
System.out.println(count);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

SQL JOINS:-To get data from multiple table using single select query use Joins concept in
Database.
Example:- Employee details are stored in different tables like:emptab,addrtabk,project and
paymentstab etc..
To generate one full and final report using all above table data use SQL Joins concept.
• Types of SQL Joins:-
1. Equal join(=)
2. Cross join(x)

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3. Self join(o)
4. Inner join or join
5. Outer joins
a. Left outer join|left join
b. Right outer join|right join
c. Full outer join| full join
** Few databases may not support full and right outer joins.
** here word ‘outer’ is optional.
Example: with tables and ven digram.

Syntax:
consider two tables Table1 and Table2 which are connected using PK-FK columns then Join
query looks like:
Select t1.*,t2.*
From table1 t1
join type
Table2 t2
On t1. PKCol1=t2.FKCol
[where condition];
Here Join type=inner/outer joins and where condition is optional.
EX:- Inner Join Example and output:-
Select e.enae,a.loc
From emptab e
Inner join
Addrtab a
On e.eid=a.eidFk;
Output
ENAME LOC
A BAN

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D CHN
Ex#2—Left example and output:
Select e.ename,a.pin
From emptab e
Left outer join
Addrtab a
On e.eid=a.eidFk;
Output
ENAME PIN
A 600
B NULL
C NULL
D 700
E NULL

HQL JOINs:-hibernate supports JOINS concept using HQL programming.

• it supports mainly Inner Joins and Outer Joins.
• To write HQL joins two model classes
a. Must be connected using HAS-A
b. Must have any one multiplicity
• HQL Joins Sysntax:
Select Pobj.varivales ,cobj.variables from ParentClass Pobj
JOIN Type
On pobj.childHASAVariable as cobj where condition;
Ex:- consider below two model classes (with any multiplicity)

Steps 1:- create two model classes with HAS-A relation and any one mulitiplicity
Ex:- Employee ----------<> Address
*…1
Steps 2:- create objects and save into DB suing test class.
Steps 3:- write JOIN HQL and execute
Example:-

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1. Folder Structure

2. POM.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>HQLJOINS</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>

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@Entity
@Table(name="addrTab")
public class Address {
@Id
@Column(name="aid")
private int addrId;
@Column(name="loc")
private String loc;
@Column(name="pin")
private long pinCode;
public Address() {
super();
}
public int getAddrId() {
return addrId;
}
public void setAddrId(int addrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
return loc;
}
public void setLoc(String loc) {

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this.loc = loc;
}
public long getPinCode() {
return pinCode;
}
public void setPinCode(long pinCode) {
this.pinCode = pinCode;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + ", pinCode=" + pinCode + "]";
}
}

Employee class
package com.app.model;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "emptab")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name = "eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name = "ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name = "esal")
private double empSal;
@OneToMany
@JoinColumn(name = "eidfk")
private Set<Address> addr = new HashSet<Address>(0);
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {

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this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public Set<Address> getAddr() {
return addr;
}
public void setAddr(Set<Address> addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal="
+ empSal + ", addr=" + addr + "]";
}
}
b. HibernateUtil file
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf = null;
static {
sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf() {
return sf;
}
}
c. Configuration file
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

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<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Address" />
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee" />
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
d. Test class
package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Address a1=new Address();
a1.setAddrId(1001);
a1.setLoc("HYD");
a1.setPinCode(50001);
Address a6=new Address();
a6.setAddrId(1006);
a6.setLoc("MUM");
a6.setPinCode(450001);
Address a2=new Address();
a2.setAddrId(1002);
a2.setLoc("BAN");
a2.setPinCode(40001);
Address a3=new Address();
a3.setAddrId(1003);
a3.setLoc("DLH");
a3.setPinCode(70001);
Address a4=new Address();
a4.setAddrId(1004);

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a4.setLoc("CHI");
a4.setPinCode(350001);
Address a5=new Address();
a5.setAddrId(1005);
a5.setLoc("BR");
a5.setPinCode(40001);
Employee e1=new Employee();
e1.setEmpId(2001);
e1.setEmpName("MOHIT");
e1.setEmpSal(5000);
e1.getAddr().add(a1);
e1.getAddr().add(a3);
Employee e2=new Employee();
e2.setEmpId(2002);
e2.setEmpName("MONU");
e2.setEmpSal(6000);
Employee e3=new Employee();
e3.setEmpId(2003);
e3.setEmpName("MONA");
e3.setEmpSal(7000);
Employee e4=new Employee();
e4.setEmpId(2004);
e4.setEmpName("Anil");
e4.setEmpSal(54000);
ses.save(a1);
ses.save(a2);
ses.save(a3);
ses.save(a4);
ses.save(a5);
ses.save(a6);
ses.save(e1);
ses.save(e2);
ses.save(e3);
ses.save(e4);
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

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OutPut:

Code:- Test class:

package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
String hql=" select emp.empName, a.loc " + "from com.app.model.Employee emp" + " left join "
+ " emp.addr as a " ;
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
//q.setParameter(1," A");
List<Object []>obs=q.list();
for(Object [] ob:obs)
{
System.out.println(ob[0]+","+ob[1]);
}
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Output

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• Use Oracle8iDialect or Oracle10gDialect when you are working on JOINS.

COPY DATA USING HQL:- this concept is used to copy data from source (main) table to backup
(support) table (either all rows or few rows).
Consider below example:-

Example:
1. Folder structure

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2. Pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>CopyDataHQL</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>

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<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. Model classes(source model class)
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;

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}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal="
+ empSal + "]";
}
}

(Destination/backup model class)

package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="empbkp")
public class EmpBackup {
@Id
@Column(name="eidbkp")
private int empIdBkp;
@Column(name="enamebkp")
private String empNameBkp;
@Column(name="esalbkp")
private double empSalBkp;
public EmpBackup() {
super();
}
public int getEmpIdBkp() {
return empIdBkp;
}
public void setEmpIdBkp(int empIdBkp) {
this.empIdBkp = empIdBkp;
}
public String getEmpNameBkp() {
return empNameBkp;
}
public void setEmpNameBkp(String empNameBkp) {
this.empNameBkp = empNameBkp;
}
public double getEmpSalBkp() {
return empSalBkp;
}
public void setEmpSalBkp(double empSalBkp) {

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this.empSalBkp = empSalBkp;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "EmpBackup [empIdBkp=" + empIdBkp + ", empNameBkp=" +
empNameBkp + ", empSalBkp=" + empSalBkp + "]";
}
}
4. HibernateUtil
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;
}
}
5. Hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

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6. Test class :
Steps 1. Insert few records into emptab
package com.app.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee emp1=new Employee();
emp1.setEmpId(102);
emp1.setEmpName("Mohan");
emp1.setEmpSal(6000);
Employee emp2=new Employee();
emp2.setEmpId(103);
emp2.setEmpName("Ramesh");
emp2.setEmpSal(7000);
ses.save(emp1);
ses.save(emp2);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output:-

Data base

Steps 2. Write below code emptab to copy backuptab

package com.app.test;

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import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
String hql="insert into com.app.model.EmpBackup(empIdBkp,empNameBkp,empSalBkp)Select
empId,empName,empSal from com.app.model.Employee";
Query q=ses.createQuery(hql);
intcount =q.executeUpdate();
tx.commit();
System.out.println("copied:"+count);
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output:-

Copy Data

Sub concepts in Mulitplicity(HAS-A)

Mulitiplicity supported 3 child concepts (all are optional and provided Default typoes
also).
1). Direction
2). Fetch Type
3). Casecading
1. Direction:
a. Uni-Direction:- if we know parent details, we can get child details using get()/load() methods
[select operation]. But using child details we cannot get parent details.

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b. bi-direction:- Using parent details we can get child details even using child details we can get
parent details.
Table for reverse Multiplicity
Direction Bi-Direction
OneToMany OneToOne
ManyToMany ManyToMany
ManyToOne OneToMany
ManyToOne(unique) OneToOne
Ex:- Employee--------------------------<>Address
1..*
Uni-Directional code:
Class Employee { class Address {
@OneToMany
Set<Address>addr;
}
Bi-Directional code:
Class Emplolyee { class Address {
@OneToMany @OneToOne(mappedBy=”addr”)
Employee emp;
} }
• Here mappedBy=” ” indicates “bi-direction” concept to Hibernate. It says “it not
multiplicity, it is just reverse link”
Ex#2: many-to-one
Product-------------------------------------<>Licence
*…1
Class Product { class Licence {
@ManyToOne @OneToMany(
Licence lob; mappedBy=”lob”)
Set<Product>probs;
} }

Ex#3 :- many-to-many …

Student ----------<> Course

Class Student { class Course {

@ManytoMany @ManyToMany(mappedBuy=”cobs”)
List<Student>sobs;
} }
Ex#4:-
Person --------<>IdCard
1…1
Class Person {
@ManyToOne

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@JoinColumn(unique=true)
IdCard cob;
}
Class IdCard {
@OneToOne(mappedBy=”cob”)
Person pob;
}
FetchType(Loading type):- FetchType is a enum in hibernate which has possible values
a). EAGER
b). LAZY
EAGER OR EAGER LOADING:- In multiplicity on loading parent data also load child data at same
time, this is classed as EAGER loading.
LAZY OR LAZY LOADING:- In multiplicity on loading parent data do not load child data until child
object related methods are called.

Multiplicity DefaultType
OneToOne EAGER
ManyToOne EAGER
OneToMany LAZY
ManyToMany LAZY
• If child in only one Object then default is choosen as EAGER and if child is multiple
objects then default is choosen as LAZY by Hibernate.
• To Specify our-own FetchType, code is ….(Fetch=FetchType.<VALUE>)
Ex:- Employee--------<> Address(1…*)
Req: Select all address objects on loading employee object at same time
Code:-
Class Address{ }
Class Employee {
@OneToMany(Fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name=”eidFk”)
Set<Address> addr;
}
Ex#2:- Product ---------------<> Model (*…1)
Req:- On selecting product , do not load model at same time.
Code:-
Class Model { }
Class product {
@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
Model mob;
}

CASCADING:-

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Aggrigation:- It creates a loose relation between Parent and child incase of HAS-A
(Association).
It means:- On performing any (Non-select) operation over parent , it is not applicable for child.
On child again we should write code to do operation.
** By default every HAS-A is Aggregation (I.e no cascading).
Composition:- It creates a strong relation between Parent and child class objects in case of HAS-
A (Association).
It means:- On performing any (Non-select) operations same applicable over child objects also.
Do not write extra code over child objects.
Note:-
• Cascading used to convert HAS-A to Composition.
• Cascading applicable only for non-select operation [insert,update and delete].
• FetchType is applicable for only select (get/load) operation.
Example code:-
Multiplicity with Directional + FetchType +Cascading :-
Employee -------------<> Address
1…*
--------------Parent class code:--------------------------
Package com.app.model;
@Entity
@Table(name=”emptab”)
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name=”eid”)
private int empId;
@Column(name=”ename”)
private String empName;
//Employee 1…* Address
@OneToMany (fetch=FetchType.EAGER, cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumn(name=”eidFk”)
private Set<Address> addr=new HashSet<Address>(0);
//Const, set/get… toString….
}

------child class code-----------------

Package com.app.model;
//ctrl+shift+o(imports)
@Entity
@Table(name=”addrtab”)
public class Address {
@Id
@Column(name=”aid”)
private int addrId;

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@Column (name=”loc”)
private String loc;
//bi-directional code (1…1)
@OneToOne(mappedBy=”addrs”)
//const, set,get…toString…
}
Test class:/// cfg,sf,ses,tx
Address addr1=new Address();
Addr1.setAddrId(101);
Addr1.setLoc(“HYD”);
Address addr2=new Address();
addr2.setAddrId(102);
addr2.setLoc(“DHL”);
Address addr3=new Address();
addr3.setAddrId(103);
addr3.setLoc(“JRK”);
Employee emp=new Empllyee();
emp.setEmpId(10);
emp.setEmpName(“SAM”);
emp.getAddrs().add(addr1);
emp.getAddrs().add(addr2);
emp.getAddrs().add(addr3);
//cascading applied , so below child obje
///save code not required.
/* ses.save(addr1);
ses.save( addr2);
ses.save(addr3);
*/
ses.save(emp);
Test class #2:// cfg,sf,ses
Employee e=ses.get(Employee.class,10);
• Console: Query printed emptab
Left outer join with addrtab (for EAGER FETCH TYPE).
Cascading :- By default every hibernate application performs non-select operation only on
parent object, if same needs to be applied on child without writing extra code use “Cascading”
concept.
• If no cascading applied that is Aggrigation if it is applied then it is Composition
concept.
• Applicable only for non-select operation

Example:-

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• Here CascadeType is a enum.

Possible values:
ALL:- Apply Composition for all no-select operation.
That is(save, update,delete)
PERSIST:- Apply Composition only for SAVE operations
MERGE: Apply composition only for update operation
REMOVE: Apply composition only for delete operation.
REFRESH: Apply composition only for re-loading data from DB or Any Type Cache
(Session/Factory)
DETACH: Apply Composition only for remove object from only cache [not from DB] memory.
ARENT CLASS (DIRECTIONCODE) Child class (Bi-Direction code)

@OneToOne(mappedBy=”-------”
@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.EAGER,cascade=
CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumn(name=”---“,unique=true)

@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.EAGER,cascade= @OneToOne(mappedBy=”-------”
CascadeType.ALL)

@ManyToMany(fetch=FetchType.EAGER,CASCADE= @ManyToOne
CascadeType.ALL
mappedBy=” ”)

@ManyToMany(fetch=FetchType.EAGER,casede= @ManyToMany(mappedBy=”-----“
CascadeType.ALL)

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MappedBy:- it indicates multiplicity must be applied on bi-directional using no extra FK column

created again one more time.It must be applied to non-owing side that is exact opposite to
FKcolumn side. That is

Primary key Generators:-

A Generator is a class defined in Hibernate it is used to generate Primary
key value on Performing save(Insert) opration.
Generators are two types in Hibernates:

1. Pre-Defined Generators:-
These are class already implementing in hibernate. Categorized into two types.
a. Legacy (also called as old generator)
b. Enum Type (also called as new generator)
2. Custom Generators:-

We can defined our own formate primary key generator class. It is known as Custom Generator.
These are the mostly used generators in real time.

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Ex:- University Registeration number

AAdhar card id

Pan card number

Bank A/C Id

Book my show Tracking id

Mobile EMI No.

Legacy Generators:-

1. Assigned:- It is only default generator in hibernate it indicates no value generated by

hibernate it means value assign to objects are considered as primary key values.
2. Increment [max+1] (int-dataType):-This generator will execute to get the maximum primary
key value from database by using select query if no records found max value is 0 (Starts with
one) even value Provided by end-user will be overridden with Max+1 value.
Consider below example:-

Note:-

• It is applicable for all databases.

• It is applicable for int datatypes. (byte, short,int,long)
• If table has no rows then max value is=0 and max+1=1
• If primary key value is provide by end-user will be overridden with generated value.
• To read generated primary key value iuse save method return type that is
Java.io.Serializable(I)(empty interface-marker interface).
• Every primary key datatype either directly or indirectly should be connected to
Serivalizable

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• Save method returns autoboxed and upcasted value in serializable format. Programmer
should downcast and autounboxed to read primary key value.
Example code:-
Test class:- // cfg, sf,ses,tx
Employee emp=new Employee();
//emp.setEmpId(88);==➔ Not required.
emp.setEmpName(“C”);
emp.setEmpSal(6.6);
Serializable s=ses.save(emp);
//down casting
Integer eid=(Integer)s;
//auto unboxing
Int id=eid;
System.out.println(“id”);
//one line:- Downcast and AutoUnbox.
Int eid=(Integer)ses.save(emp);
System.out.println(eid);
3. UUID:- it stands for universal unique identifier. This concept is used to generate Hexadecimal
number in String format.
• It is introduced in JDK1.5 also supported by Hibernate as a primary key generator.
• It will generate one unique nuber by using below details IP-Address, System Date and
Time, Version Details (OS,JDK, Database) and one Random number.
• In Core-Java (Java SE). it is class defined in Java.util.package.
• It uses 0,1,……9, A/a, B/b, C/c, D/d, E/e, F/f to generate the number
▪ (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15)

(Hexadecimal format)

• It is supported by every database because number generated at java side (Hibernate)

not at database side.
• This hexadecimal number generated in String formate.(java.lang.String)
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4. Native:- This generator is also called as auto increment supported by databases like MySQL ,
SQL-Sever etc…. not supported by oracle database.
• This is database specifiec generator, not executed at java side so all databases may
not support this.
• It is also behaves like “max+1” but executed at database side.
• Databaseshould support auto-increment concept.

5. **SEQUENCE GENERATOR:-
This is mostly used generator in Applications. Works mainly in Oracle Database.
• Sequence is auto-number generation system(concept).
• Every sequence needs two inputs like starting number and step value
• Hibernate f/w creates one sequence (if we use hbm2ddl.auto=create/update) with
name:HIBERNATE_SEQUENCE.
• It is a database side gernerator. So, may not work in all database.
• It generates int type value.
======================CREATING SQUENCE=============
SQL Syntax:-
Create sequence <sequence-name>
Start with <int-value>
Increment by <int-value>;
Ex:-
Create sequence SAMPLE
Start with 10
Increment by 1;
==================CALL/EXECUTE SEQUENCE=================
SQL Syntax:
Select <sequence>.nextval from dual;
• here nextval will get value in sequence it is a in-built function in oracle works only for
sequence concept.
Ex:-
Select SAMPLE.nextval from dual;
Here values generated by above sequence
Is: 10 ,11,12,13,14,15…….(on evey call )
6. hi_lo (High-Low) Generator:-
it follows HILO Algorithm format to generate numbers.
It is starts from
First row =2 pow 0=1
2nd row = 2 pow 15 =32768
3rd row =onward=last value+2 pow 15
HIBERNATE Generator Example:-==================
To implement generators concept in Hibernate Application
Steps 1:- use below annotation with enum in model class, at @Id level.

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Annotations:-
1. @GeneratedValue
2. @GenericGenerator (Old, custom)
Enum:-
1. GenerationType:-( AUTO, SEQUENCE,IDENTITY,TABLE)
Steps 2:- in test class while createing object t model class not required to provide primary key
value, if provided it will be ignored by Generator.
Steps 3:- call ses.save(obj) method that returns Generated value as “Serializable” (java.io)
format. Here Hibernate “auto box and upcast the value and returns as Serilizable “, programmer
should down cast an auto unbox.
Ex:=----------- using SQUENCE GENERATOR----------------
1. Folder structure

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<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. Model class:-
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.SequenceGenerator;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab1")
public class Employee {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator="myemp", strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE)
@SequenceGenerator(name="myemp", sequenceName="test_seq")
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;

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public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + "]";
}
}
4. HibernateUtil
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;
}
}

5. Cfg.xml:-

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
6. Test class:-
package com.app.test;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e=new Employee();
e.setEmpName("A");
e.setEmpSal(2.6);
Serializable s=ses.save(e);
//downcat and autounbox
Integer eid=(Integer)s;
int empId=eid;
System.out.println("employee created with id:"+empId);
tx.commit();
//ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}

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}}
Output

DataBase Record

• To use legacy generators code should have @GenericGenerator

===Example===
public class Employee {
@id
@GeneratedValue(generator=”abc”)
@GenericGenerator(name=”abc”,strategy=”uuid”)
@Column(name=”eid”)
private String empId;
…………………..
…..
}
• We can use uuid, native, increment,……

CUSTOM GENERATORS IN HIBERNATE:-

To specify our own format for PrimaryKey use custom Generators concept.
Ex:- Student ID: SAT-85695
Employee ID: EMP-5754
PAN CARD ID: DYBPM1887k
All are used as Primary key and they are implemented using Custom Generators
• Steps to implement custom Gneratores
1. Create one new public class with any name and any package.
2. Implement above class with interface IdentifierGenerator(org.hibernate.id)
3. Override methnod generate() which returns PrimaryKey value as java.io.Serializable
4. In model class use @GenericGenerator and provide strategy as your full class name.
5. Finally in test class , create model class object and save.
=====Example===============
1. Folder structure

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2. Pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>CustomerGeneratorEx2</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>

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3. Generator class
package com.app.gen;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.SessionImplementor;
import org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator;
publicclass MyGen implements IdentifierGenerator {
@Override
public Serializable generate(SessionImplementor session, Object object) throws
HibernateException {
//String Prefix1="ST";
//String Prefix2="HIB";
String date =new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-mm-dd").format(new Date());
intnum=new Random().nextInt(1000);

String Prifix1 = "ST";

String Prifix2 = "HIB";
returnPrifix1+date+Prifix2+"-"+num ;

}
}
4. Define Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
@Entity
@Table(name="StudentTab1")
publicclass Student {

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@Id
@Column(name="sid")
@GeneratedValue(generator="abc")
@GenericGenerator(name="abc",strategy="com.app.gen.MyGen")
private String StdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String StdName;
@Column(name="sfee")
privatedoubleStdFee;
public Student() {
super();
}
public String getStdId() {
returnStdId;
}
publicvoid setStdId(String stdId) {
StdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
returnStdName;
}
publicvoid setStdName(String stdName) {
StdName = stdName;
}
publicdouble getStdFee() {
returnStdFee;
}
publicvoid setStdFee(doublestdFee) {
StdFee = stdFee;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Student [StdId=" + StdId + ", StdName=" + StdName + ", StdFee=" + StdFee
+ "]";
}
}

5. HibernateUtil
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;
static

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{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;
}
}
6. Hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Student"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
1. Test class ://cfg,sf,ses,tx
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Student;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession())
{
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Student std=new Student();
std.setStdName("mohan");
std.setStdFee(23.2);
ses.save(std);

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tx.commit();
//ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output

• Define one Generator, it should generate Primarykey in below formate

FORMAT:- USN-<4DIGITrANDOMMnUMBER>-
<YearMonthDayHourMinSec>-SR-<4Digits HexaDecimalNumberRandom>
Ex:- USN-8756-20180830185725-SR-1A2D
❖ COMPOSITE PRIMARY KEY:-
Combination of 2 or more column in table behaves as Primary key Type. It is known as
Composite PrimaryKey.
• Simple PrimaryKey (or Primary Key) indicate only one columnbehaves as primary key.
***** Hibernate Model class should have Simple

Steps : To implement Composite PrimaryKey:-

1. Define one new class used as Primary key data Type, it must implement
java.io.Serializable
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2. Move (define) all veriables in above class which are involved in composite Primary key
creation.
3. On top of this class add @Embeddable annotation.
4. Make HAS-A relation between model
Class and DataType class
5. Apply @EmbeddedId Annnotation over HAS-A relation.
*** use hbm2ddl.auto=create
6. Write test class and create object and save to Test.

=======================code========================================
1. Folder structure

2. Pom.xml

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<artifactId>HibCompositeKeyExa</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. EmpId primary key class
package com.app.model.id;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Embeddable;
@Embeddable
public class EmpId implements Serializable {
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
public EmpId() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;

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}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "EmpId [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + "]";
}
}

4. Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.EmbeddedId;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import com.app.model.id.EmpId;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab2")
public class Employee {
@EmbeddedId
private EmpId eidpk;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public EmpId getEidpk() {
return eidpk;
}
public void setEidpk(EmpId eidpk) {
this.eidpk = eidpk;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}

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public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {

this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [eidpk=" + eidpk + ", empSal=" + empSal + "]";
}
}
5. HibernateUtil
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;
}
}
6. Hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee"/>
<mapping class="com.app.model.id.EmpId"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

7. Test class

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package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.model.id.EmpId;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
//Primary key value object
EmpId eid=new EmpId();
eid.setEmpId(101);
eid.setEmpName("Ram");
//model class object
Employee emp=new Employee();
emp.setEidpk(eid);
emp.setEmpSal(5000);
ses.save(emp);
tx.commit();
//ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

output

BAG AND IDBAG:-

These are special collections given in Hibernate. Both are internally uses List Type only.
• For list Collection, hibernate creates a child table with 3 columns those are: Key
column, index column, and element column,

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• For List index number provided by JVM only. Starts from zero (0,1,2….)
BAG:- (List-index column)----
Bag collection is used to store duplicate values without index numbers created by
hibernate only.
BAG=List-index Column

Example:-----------------
1. Folder Sturcture

========Code============
2. Pom.xml

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>HibBAGExam1</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

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import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;
@ElementCollection
@CollectionTable(name="empprjstab",joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="eid"))
@Column(name="data")//element clumn
private List<String> empPrjs=new ArrayList<String>();
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public List<String> getEmpPrjs() {
return empPrjs;
}
public void setEmpPrjs(List<String> empPrjs) {
this.empPrjs = empPrjs;
}
@Override

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public String toString() {

return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + ", empPrjs=" + empPrjs + "]";
}
}
4. HibernateUtil
package com.app.util;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateUtil {

private static SessionFactory sf=null;

static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;
}
}
5. Hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
6. Test class:
package com.app.test;

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import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e=new Employee();
e.setEmpId(10);
e.setEmpName("A");
e.setEmpSal(3.3);
e.getEmpPrjs().add("p1");
e.getEmpPrjs().add("p2");
e.getEmpPrjs().add("p3");
ses.save(e);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
System.out.println("done");
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}}}
Output:

Emptab record

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ID-BAG:-
It is a special collection provided by hibernate, internally uses List type only.
ID-BAG=List-index column+Collection-Id column.
• Id-Bags are faster compared to List, Bag in data retrival.
• Bag saves memory compared to List,IdBag

• for this extra column we must specify 3 details columnName,generator,datatype using

@CollectionId Annotation.
For generator use @GeneriGeneratior.
=============code=========================
1. folder structure

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2. same as before pom.xml file

3. Model class
package com.app.model;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.CollectionTable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.ElementCollection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CollectionId;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Type;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab")
@GenericGenerator(name="mygen",strategy="increment")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;
@ElementCollection
@CollectionTable(name="empprjstab",joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="eid"))

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@CollectionId(columns=@Column(name="unqId"),generator="mygen",type=@Type(type="long
")
)
@Column(name="data")
private List<String>empPrjs=new ArrayList<String>();
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public List<String> getEmpPrjs() {
return empPrjs;
}
public void setEmpPrjs(List<String> empPrjs) {
this.empPrjs = empPrjs;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + ", empPrjs=" + empPrjs + "]";
}
}
4. Same as before HibernateUtil program

5. Hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

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"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
6. Test class
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e=new Employee();
e.setEmpId(11);
e.setEmpName("A");
e.setEmpSal(3.3);
e.getEmpPrjs().add("p1");
e.getEmpPrjs().add("p2");
e.getEmpPrjs().add("p3");
ses.save(e);
tx.commit();
ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output

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*) Native SQL:-
Hibernate supports writing SQL Queries for multiple row operation. Supports both select and
non-select operations.
*** compared to HQL, SQL is faster but SQL Dependends on Database (Native mode), where as
HQL is DB independent.
*** if application uses fixed database (No DB Change ) then only use Native SqL
** here native means Database Specific.
** No Dialect is involved in Native SQL (So no Conversion, it is faster)
Coding steps for Namtive SQL:-
1. Create SQL String (either for select or non-select operation)
String sql=”……”;
2. Create Native Query object using SQL String.
NativeQuery q=ses.createNativeQuery(sql);
3. Set Parameters ot query if exist
Susng q.setParameter(name,data);
4. Execute query using list() or uniqueResult() for select operations executeUpdate()for non-
select opeartions.
** package is: org.hibernate.query
** NativeQuery supports positional Parameters om SQL, index number starts from one(1)
[1,3,…..] where as HQL index number starts from zero(0) [0,1,2….]
Ex:-- No model class required. Only .cfg.xm., util classes
• Test class:// cfg,sf,ses.
• //1. Create SQl String
String sql=”select ename,esal, form emptab where eid>=?”;
//2. Create NativeQuery object
NativeQuery q=ses.createnativeQuery(sql);
//3. Provide parameters

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q.setParameter(1,10);
//4. Execute query
List<Object[]> obs=q.list();
//print data
for (Object[]ob:obs){
System.out.println(ob[0]+”,”+ob[1]);
}
Native SQL
1. Folder structure

2. Pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>NativeSqlExa1</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.17.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>

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</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.app.test.Test</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-withdependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. Model class
package com.app.model;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.CollectionTable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.ElementCollection;

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import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CollectionId;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Type;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal=" +
empSal + "]";
}
}

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4. HibernateUtil
package com.app.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sf=null;
static
{
sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSf()
{
return sf;
}
}
5. Hibernate.cfg.xml (without dialect use also work)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

To converts this List<Object[]> to List<T>

Use method query.addEntity<T.class>
addEntity() method converts result from Object[] to model class object. (finally List<T>)
EX#1. (without addEntity-full loading)
Test class:( before insert the record after that native query write)
package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.query.NativeQuery;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;

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publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
String sql1="select *from emptab";
NativeQueryq=ses.createNativeQuery(sql1);
List<Object[]>obs=q.list();
for(Object[]ob:obs){
System.out.println(ob[0]+","+ob[1]+","+ob[2]);
}
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output:-

Ex#2: using addEntity –full loading

package com.app.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.query.NativeQuery;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
String sql="select *from emptab";
NativeQueryq=ses.createNativeQuery(sql);
q.addEntity(Employee.class);
List<Employee>emps=q.list();
emps.forEach(System.out::println);

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}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output:

*) SQL is case-insensitive (both upper and lower case letters are accepted)
*) if query returns one row use method uniqueResult().
*) Transaction required for non-select SQL operations.
=======EX====non –select operation----
Test class:
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.query.NativeQuery;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
String sql="update emptab set ename=:a, esal=:b where eid=:c";
NativeQueryq=ses.createNativeQuery(sql);
q.setParameter("a","Ramesh kumar");
q.setParameter("b",5000);
q.setParameter("c",10);
intcount =q.executeUpdate();
tx.commit();
ses.close();
System.out.println(count);

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}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output:

❖ Validation API in Hibernate:-

Validations are used to avoid invalid data input to Application.
1). Validations are two types. Those are
a). Client[Browser] side Validations
b). server side Validations.
 Client side Validations are implemented using Scripting Language .
Ex:- Java Script…
 Server side validations are implemented using Programming Languages.
 Ex:- Java, Hibernate Validation ApI, Spring Validation API.
❖ To get Validation API, we should add below dependency in Pom.xml;
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactid>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.Final</version>

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</dependency>
=========or==================
• Download Jars:-
a. Hibernate-validator-5.x.y.jar and
b. Validation-api-1.0.jar, manually and add to build path.
• Hibernate validation API is used to validate model class object data, before
insert/update into database table.
Example:-----Code-----------------
*) All validation Annotation are given iin package “javax.validation.constraints”
String type Validatation
a. @NotNull: It will not accept null values as input data.
b. @Size (min,max): it is used to provide min and max size of a input string
c. @Pattern(regex): it is used to provide a Format to input String.
*** All validation Annotation provide their default messages, to define our own use
message=” “ attribute to validation Annotation.
====== 1. Model class code=====
1. Folder Structure

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<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1-b06</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Pattern;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

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@Entity
@Table(name="emptab2")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@NotNull(message="Please Entr Name")
@Size(min=2,max=5,message="Enter 2-5 chars only")
@Pattern(regexp="[A-Za-z]{2,5}",message="please enter Uppdercase 2-5 char only")
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal="
+ empSal + "]";
}
}
4. Same as before(HibernateUtil,hibernate.cfg.xml )
5. test class:
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;

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import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e1=new Employee();
e1.setEmpId(55);
e1.setEmpName("Ram");
e1.setEmpSal(33.3);
ses.save(e1);
tx.commit();
//ses.close();
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Output

*) hibernate throws :constrainViolation Exception “ if conditation is not matched with model

class data.
❖ Numeric Type validations:-
@Min(value=….)and @Max(value=……)
*) Date Type Validations:-
@Past:- It must be past date only
Ex:- Date of birth, Date of Creation
@Future:- it must be upcoming date

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Ex: - Date of Expire, date of release

*) Boolean Type:-
@AssertTrue: Expecting true only
@AssertFalse:expecting false only
------------Pattern API:---- core java Ex----
Package com.app;
Public class Test {
Public static void main(String arr[])
{
String sname=”Sam”;
//1. Create Pattern object
Pattern p=new Pattern.compile(“[A-Za-z]{3,6}”);
//2. Compare exp with input String
Matcher m=p.matcher(sname);
//3. Get result (mateched or not?)
Boolean flag =m.matches();
Sysout(flag);
}
}
Temporarly memory in hibernate :
Hibernate supports two types of temporarlly memory
Pool: it is a group of similar object that is all object related to one class
Ex:-

Hibernate supports connection pool concept that is group of connection object

Cache:- it is a group of desimilar object it means group of object belongs to different classes.
Hibernate supports three types of Cache , those are:
a. Session Cache
b. Query Cache
c. Session Factory Cache
Ex:-

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C3P0(See Three Pee OOO):-it is a 3rd party connection poll service provided for java
application.
*) It creates and manages connection Poll without communicating to Programmer
(Automated).
*) It needs only input configuraton details by programmer, like
 Minimum no.of connections in pool
 Maximum no.of connections in pool
 One connection can handle how many operations.
 When connection should be marked as not use (Idle)
 When an un-used connection should be removed from Poll (timeout).
*). C3P0 is interated with hibernate and Pooling is automated by hibernate.
*). In Hibernate Configuration file (.cfg.xml) we must provide below keys with example values.
----------keys and description----------------
Hibernate.c3p0.min_size=Minimum number of JDBC connections in the pool. Hiberte default:1
Hibernate.c3p0.max_size=Maximum number of JDBC connections in the pool. Hibernate default
:100.
Hibernate.c3p0.timeout=when an idle connection is removed from the pool (in second).
Hibernate default:0,never expire.
Hibernate.c3p0.max_statements= Number of prepared statements will be provided. Hibernate
default:0
Hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period= idle time in seconds before a connection is automatically
validated. Hibernate default:0
Q). why and When connection pool is used?
Ans.=> In case of large applications, that is used by more no.of users and to provide fast service
use connection pool.
Q). How it works?
Ans.=>

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Steps to imiplement Connection Poling in hibernate Application:-

1. Add Jars to Project
In case of maven
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactid>
<version>5.2.17.Final</version>
</dependency>
• If maven not used then copy jars from
 Hibernate-release-5.2.17.Final
 Lib > optional > c3p0 (3 jars)
• In hibernate.cfg.xml provide below key=value pairs
<property name=”hibernate.c3p0.min_size”>5</property>
<property name=”hibernate.c3p0.max_size”>20</property>
<property name=”hibernate.c3p0.timeout”>300</property>
<property name=”hibernate.c3p0.max_statements”>50</property>
<property name=”hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period”>3000</property>
• Write any one example and run it.
• Check in console :Initializing c3p- pool…
============code=======================
1. Folder structure

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2. Pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>ConnectionPoolingExa1</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
<version>5.2.17.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

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<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. Model class
package com.app.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="emptab2")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private int empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private double empSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;

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}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", empSal="
+ empSal + "]";
}
}
4. Same as before (HibernateUtil)

5. Hibernate.cfg.xml(Connection pooling)
Hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.
connection.provider_class">org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider
</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">7</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">53</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">100</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">50</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">1000</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
6. Test class
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

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import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Employee e1=new Employee();
e1.setEmpId(10);
e1.setEmpName("Mohan kumar");
e1.setEmpSal(5000);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
}catch(InterruptedException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
ses.save(e1);
tx.commit();
//ses.close();
System.out.println("Greate Your Record Saved");
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Output :

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Cache
Cache:- it is a temporally memory which holds groups of different Types of objects at one place.
Ex: one Employee object, 3 admin object, 12 student objects etc.
Q). why chche?
Ans. To reduce network calls between Hibernate Application and database while accessing same
data multiple times.
In realtiime Application and Database servers are placed in different locations and both are
connected using network.
a. In JDBC Programming “ No cache” concept available, in Hibernate cache concept is exist.
========Types of Caches in Hibernate========
Hibernate supporst 3 types of caches. Those are:
1. Session Cache- I Level Cache
2. Session Factory Cache –II Level Cache
3. Query Cache (Sub type of Session Cache)
1. Session Cache:- By default Hbiernate Framework enabled this cache and managed itself.
Programmer can not handle this Cache type.
• When openSession() method is called Session Cache will be created and ses.close()
called then it will be

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======Example for Session Cache====

1. Pom.xml (same as before like pom.xml file)

2. Model class ,HibernateUtil class,hibernate.cfg.xml (same as before like)
3. Test class(before insert one more Record)
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
Employee e1=ses.get(Employee.class,101);
System.out.println(e1);
Employee e2=ses.get(Employee.class,101);
System.out.println(e2);
}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
output

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4. ** Here we are Calling get() method twice with same Id, So cache returns object on
@nd time get. Finally one network call is made.
*** No.of Select queries=no.of networkcalls

Session Cache also works for non-select operations. Here network calls are made when
tx.commit() is called.
If tx.rollback() is called then no n/w calls are made.
*) Compared to JDBC, Hibernate reduces network calls by using implicit batch processing.
*) we can reduce network calls in JDBC also but programmer should do external coding
and memory management with batch processing.

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2. Session Factory Cache:-

This one must be handled by Programmer only for commonly accessed modules in Application
(Not for all modules).
• Two session caches will not communicates with each other, for common data share.
• In this case use only Global cache management ie. Called as SessionFactory Cache,
also called as II level cache.
===Example Design with and without Session Factory cache===

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Steps To implement SessionFactory Cache:

=============code with folder structure====================
1. Folder Structure

2. pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.nareshittech</groupId>
<artifactId>SessionFactoryCacheEx</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>

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<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>5.2.17.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
<artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
<version>2.6.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.11.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. Model class ,HibernateUtil class (same as before program like)
4. Hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>

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<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ram</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">system</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">false</property>
<property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</property>
<property
name="hibernate.cache.region.factroy_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFact
ory</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.app.model.Employee"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
5. Test class:-
package com.app.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;
publicclass Test {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Transaction tx=null;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession()){
Employee e1=ses.get(Employee.class,102);
System.out.println(e1);
Employee e2=ses.get(Employee.class,102);
System.out.println(e2);

}catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output:-

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** Expected output: select query executed (printed )only once.

Note:-
1. To create 2nd Level cache, we should use one 3rd party provider API>
Ex: EasyHibernateCache (EHCache)
2. It can be integrated to handle both SessionFactoryand query cache.
Major keys are:
Use_secnd_level_cach(default is false)
Must be set true.
3. Cache Memory created by:
** provider_class=EhCacheProvider
4. At model class level (which Is most frequently used ) add @Cache with
CacheConcurrencyStrategy(enum).
Possible values are:
READ_ONLY=Cache for select operation
READ_WRITE= Cache for select and non-select operations
TRASACTIONAL= Cache for non-select operation
NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE= Cache for both select and non-select opr. Start Cache for
current session. Ignore old session, for any updated data.

3. Query Cache:- it is a sub-type of SessionCache.

• By default cache is applied for single row operations, ie:save(), update(),
delete(),get(),load(), saveorUpdate()…..
• But HQL any return multiple rows so, cache is disable for this.
• Here Query cache enable cache management for HQL also.but only for few or specific
queries.
Q. how to enable?
Ans.
One key for enable this proves:
<property name=”hibernate.cache.use_query_cache”>true</property>
Another key for creating memory for HQL result Store [region memory]

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<property
name=”hibernate.cache.region.factory_class”>org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegi
onFactory</property>
• Test class:-//cfg.sf,ses.
Session sesq=Hibernateutil.getSf().openSession();
Employee e1=(Employee)ses1.createQuery(“form com.app.Employee where
empId=?”)
.setParameter(0,66)
.setCacheable(true)
.setCacheRegion(“emphqlone”)
.uniqueResult();
Sysout(e1);

Employee e2=(Employee)ses1.createQuery(“form com.app.Employee

where empId=?”)
.setParameter(0,66)
.setCacheable(true)
.setCacheRegion(“emphqlone”)
.uniqueResult();
Sysout(e2);
Expected output: Select … query printed only once.

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SERVLET AND HIBERNATE INTIGRATION APPLICATION

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POJI-POJO Design Pattern:-

It is used to develop layer coding in loolsely –coupled manner. Ie. If

Layer#1. Is modified then it should not effect layer#2 code.

POJI= plain old java interface (I)

In place of test class in hibernate, POJI-POJO is used to perform DB Operation.

Coding Steps:-

1. Configure Server in eclipse/STS

➢ Server tab > Right click > new > Server
➢ Choose Apache Tomcat > next > Browser
➢ Choose location > next Finish
2. Create Maven Project
➢ File > New > Maven Project > next
➢ Search for “webApp”
➢ Choose “maven-Archtype-webapp” > next
➢ Enter Details
Group Id: org.nareshittech
artifactId: ServletHibernateApp
version : 1.0
➢ Finish button
3. Configuration Server
➢ Right click on Project > build Path
➢ Configuration build path > library tab

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➢ Click on “Add Libray”

➢ Choose server runtime > select Tomcat
➢ Finish
4. Provids POM.xml details
➢ Dependencies for hibernate, maven ,JSTL
➢ Build plugins
5. Update Maven Project
➢ Right Click on Project > Maven
➢ Update Project > Finish
==================coding order===
1. Model class =Employee.java
2. Cfg. File= Hibernate.cfg.xml
3. Util class= HibernateUtil.java
4. POJI _POJO= IEmployeeDao.java and EmployeeInsertServlet.java
5. Register page= index.jsp
6. RegServlet =employee inset servlet.java
7. View page =Data.jsp
8. View servlet=EmployeeFeatchServlet.java

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========================CODING =====================================

1. Folder Structure

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1. Model class (Student.java)

package com.app.model.student;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
* @author Ram
*
*/
@Entity
@Table(name="StudentTab")
public class Student {
@Id
@Column(name="sid")
private Integer stdId;
@Column(name="sname")
private String stdName;
@Column(name="sfee")
private Double stdFee;
@Column(name="sage")
private Integer age;
@Column(name="smob")
private Integer mob;
public Student() {
super();
}
public Student(Integer stdId, String stdName, Double stdFee, Integer age, Integer
mob) {
super();
this.stdId = stdId;
this.stdName = stdName;
this.stdFee = stdFee;
this.age = age;
this.mob = mob;
}
public Integer getStdId() {
return stdId;
}
public void setStdId(Integer stdId) {
this.stdId = stdId;
}
public String getStdName() {
return stdName;

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}
public void setStdName(String stdName) {
this.stdName = stdName;
}
public Double getStdFee() {
return stdFee;
}
public void setStdFee(Double stdFee) {
this.stdFee = stdFee;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getMob() {
return mob;
}
public void setMob(Integer mob) {
this.mob = mob;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [stdId=" + stdId + ", stdName=" + stdName + ", stdFee=" +
stdFee + ", age=" + age + ", mob="
+ mob + "]";
}
}
Hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configurationPUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<propertyname="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<propertyname="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
<propertyname="connection.username">root</property>
<propertyname="connection.password">system</property>
<propertyname="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<propertyname="show_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="format_sql">true</property>
<propertyname="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

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<mappingclass="com.app.model.student.Student"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
HibernateUtil.java
package com.app.util;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

publicclass HibernateUtil {
privatestatic SessionFactory sf;
static
{
try {
Configuration cfg=new Configuration().configure();
sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
} catch (HibernateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
publicstatic SessionFactory getSf()
{
returnsf;
}
}

POJI-POJO(Dao,DaoImp)
IStudentDao.java
package com.app.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.app.model.student.Student;

publicinterface IStudentDao {
publicint saveStudent(Student s);
public List<Student> getAllStud();
// public long getCount();
}
StudentDaoImp
package com.app.dao.impl;

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import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;

import com.app.dao.IStudentDao;
import com.app.model.student.Student;
import com.app.util.HibernateUtil;

publicclass StudentDaoImpl implements IStudentDao {

@Override
publicint saveStudent(Student s) {
Transaction tx=null;
intstdId=0;
try(Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession())
{
tx=ses.beginTransaction();
Serializable st=ses.save(s);
stdId=(Integer)st;
tx.commit();

}catch(Exception ex)
{
tx.rollback();
ex.printStackTrace();
}
returnstdId;
}

@Override
public List<Student> getAllStud() {
//it will select data from emptab
String hql="from "+Student.class.getName();
//List<Student> stud=null;
Session ses=HibernateUtil.getSf().openSession();
Queryq=ses.createQuery(hql);
List<Student>stud=q.list();
//send this data to UI ti display as a Table
returnstud;

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}
}

Index.jsp

<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"isELIgnored="false"%>
<!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01
Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>student page</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<formaction="insertStud"method="post">
<h1Style="background-color:yellow;">WELCOME TO STUDENT PAGE!!</h1>
<hr/>
<tablestyle="background-color:FloralWhite;font-family:arial;width:300px;height:200px;">
<tr>
<td><label>STUDENT-ID</label></td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="sid"></td>
</tr>
<tr>

<td><label>STUDENT-NAME</label></td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="sname"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label>STUDENT-FEE</label></td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="sfee"></td>
</tr>
<tr>

<td><label>MOBILe:- </label></td>

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</table>

</form>
${message}
<br>
<ahref="StudData">Show Record</a>
</center>
</body>
</html>
StudentInsertServlet.java

package com.app.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.app.dao.IStudentDao;
import com.app.dao.impl.StudentDaoImpl;
import com.app.model.student.Student;

/**
* Servlet implementation class StudentInsertServlet
*/
publicclassStudentInsertServletextends HttpServlet {

publicvoid doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

ServletException, IOException {
//1. read the data from index.jsp file
String sid=request.getParameter("sid");
String stdName=request.getParameter("sname");
String sfee=request.getParameter("sfee");
String sage=request.getParameter("age");
String smob=request.getParameter("mob");

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//2. parse the data

intstdId=Integer.parseInt(sid);
doublestdFee=Double.parseDouble(sfee);
intAge=Integer.parseInt(sage);
intMob=Integer.parseInt(smob);
//3. create the object in model class
Student st=new Student();
//4. set the data in model class
st.setStdId(stdId);
st.setStdName(stdName);
st.setStdFee(stdFee);
st.setAge(Age);
st.setMob(Mob);
//5. create the object POJO-POJI
IStudentDao dao=new StudentDaoImpl();
//6.call operation saveStudent
intresStd=dao.saveStudent(st);
//7. final message
String msg="Student '"+resStd+"' created";
//8. add message
request.setAttribute("message", msg);
//9. request dispatcher
request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(request,response);

}
}

Data.jsp (view page)

<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"isELIgnored="false"%>
<%@taglibprefix="c"uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@pageimport="com.app.model.*"%>
<!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01
Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to Student Data</h1>
<tableborder="1">
<tr>

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<th>STUDENT-ID</th>
<th>STUDENT NAME</th>
<th>STUDENT-FEE</th>
<th>AGE</th>
<th>MOBILE</th>
</tr>
<c:forEachitems="${list}"var="s">
<tr>
<td><c:outvalue="${s.stdId}"/></td>
<td><c:outvalue="${s.stdName}"/></td>
<td><c:outvalue="${s.stdFee}"/></td>
<td><c:outvalue="${s.age}"/></td>
<td><c:outvalue="${s.mob}"/></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<br/>
<c:forEachbegin="1"end="${np}"var="i">
<ahref="StudData?pn=${i}">
<c:outvalue="${i}"/></a>  
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>

StudentDataServlet.java
package com.app.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.app.dao.IStudentDao;
import com.app.dao.impl.StudentDaoImpl;
import com.app.model.student.Student;
/**
* Servlet implementation class StudentDataServlet
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class StudentDataServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//1. create object to POJI-POJO
IStudentDao dao=new StudentDaoImpl();

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//2. call get operation

List<Student> st=dao.getAllStud();
//3. add list to request memory
request.setAttribute("list",st);

//4. dispatch to UI
request.getRequestDispatcher("Data.jsp").forward(request,
response);
}

Run:-
a. Right click on project name > Run As > Run On Server

Output:-

1. First

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2. Second

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FB: https://www.facebook.com/groups/thejavatemple/

email : [email protected]

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