AWS


Tutorial
1) What is AWS?
 2) Creating an Amazon EC2 instance
 3) Modifying the Amazon EC2 instance parameters
 4) What is AWS Lambda?
 5) AWS Certification Guide
 6) Azure vs. AWS
 7) Heroku Vs AWS
 8) Digitalocean Vs AWS
 9) Google Cloud Vs AWS
 10) AWS Competitors & Alternatives
What is AWS?
Amazon Cloud
Services Tutorial
https://www.guru99.com/what-is-aws.html
What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing is a term referred to storing and accessing data over
the internet. It doesn't store any data on the hard disk of your personal
computer. In cloud computing, you can access data from a remote
server.
What is AWS?
Amazon web service is a platform that offers flexible, reliable, scalable,
easy-to-use and cost-effective cloud computing solutions.
AWS is a comprehensive, easy to use computing platform offered
Amazon. The platform is developed with a combination of infrastructure
as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and packaged
software as a service (SaaS) offerings.
In this tutorial, you will learn,
 What is Cloud Computing?
 What is AWS?
 History of AWS
 Important AWS Services
 Applications of AWS services
 Companies using AWS
 Advantages of AWS
 Disadvantages of AWS
 Best practices of AWS
History of AWS
 2002- AWS services launched
 2006- Launched its cloud products
 2012- Holds first customer event
 2015- Reveals revenues achieved of $4.6 billion
 2016- Surpassed $10 billon revenue target
 2016- Release snowball and snowmobile
 2019- Offers nearly 100 cloud services
Important AWS Services
Amazon Web Services offers a wide range of different business
purpose global cloud-based products. The products include storage,
databases, analytics, networking, mobile, development tools, enterprise
applications, with a pay-as-you-go pricing model.

Important AWS Services

Here, are essential AWS services.
AWS Compute Services
Here, are Cloud Compute Services offered by Amazon:
1. EC2(Elastic Compute Cloud) - EC2 is a virtual machine in the
cloud on which you have OS level control. You can run this cloud
server whenever you want.
2. LightSail -This cloud computing tool automatically deploys and
manages the computer, storage, and networking capabilities
required to run your applications.
3. Elastic Beanstalk —  The tool offers automated deployment and
provisioning of resources like a highly scalable production
website.
4. EKS (Elastic Container Service for Kubernetes) — The tool
allows you to Kubernetes on Amazon cloud environment without
installation.
5. AWS Lambda — This AWS service allows you to run functions in
the cloud. The tool is a big cost saver for you as you to pay only
when your functions execute.
Migration
Migration services used to transfer data physically between your
datacenter and AWS.
1. DMS (Database Migration Service) -DMS service can be used to
migrate on-site databases to AWS. It helps you to migrate from
one type of database to another — for example, Oracle to
MySQL.
2. SMS (Server Migration Service) - SMS migration services allows
you to migrate on-site servers to AWS easily and quickly.
3. Snowball — Snowball is a small application which allows you to
transfer terabytes of data inside and outside of AWS environment.
Storage
1. Amazon Glacier- It is an extremely low-cost storage service. It
offers secure and fast storage for data archiving and backup.
2. Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)- It provides block-level
storage to use with Amazon EC2 instances. Amazon Elastic Block
Store volumes are network-attached and remain independent
from the life of an instance.
3. AWS Storage Gateway- This AWS service is connecting on-
premises software applications with cloud-based storage. It offers
secure integration between the company's on-premises and
AWS's storage infrastructure.
Security Services
1. IAM (Identity and Access Management) —  IAM is a secure
cloud security service which helps you to manage users, assign
policies, form groups to manage multiple users.
2. Inspector — It is an agent that you can install on your virtual
machines, which reports any security vulnerabilities.
3. Certificate Manager — The service offers free SSL certificates for
your domains that are managed by Route53.
4. WAF (Web Application Firewall) — WAF security service offers
application-level protection and allows you to block SQL injection
and helps you to block cross-site scripting attacks.
5. Cloud Directory — This service allows you to create flexible,
cloud-native directories for managing hierarchies of data along
multiple dimensions.
6. KMS (Key Management Service) — It is a managed service. This
security service helps you to create and control the encryption
keys which allows you to encrypt your data.
7. Organizations — You can create groups of AWS accounts using
this service to manages security and automation settings.
8. Shield — Shield is managed DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service
protection service). It offers safeguards against web applications
running on AWS.
9. Macie — It offers a data visibility security service which helps
classify and protect your sensitive critical content.
10. GuardDuty —It offers threat detection to protect your AWS
accounts and workloads.
Database Services
1. Amazon RDS- This Database AWS service is easy to set up,
operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud.
2. Amazon DynamoDB- It is a fast, fully managed NoSQL database
service. It is a simple service which allow cost-effective storage
and retrieval of data. It also allows you to serve any level of
request traffic.
3. Amazon ElastiCache- It is a web service which makes it easy to
deploy, operate, and scale an in-memory cache in the cloud.
4. Neptune- It is a fast, reliable and scalable graph
database service.
5. Amazon RedShift - It is Amazon's data warehousing solution
which you can use to perform complex OLAP queries.
Analytics
1. Athena — This analytics service allows perm SQL queries on your
S3 bucket to find files.
2. CloudSearch — You should use this AWS service to create a fully
managed search engine for your website.
3. ElasticSearch — It is similar to CloudSearch. However, it offers
more features like application monitoring.
4. Kinesis — This AWS analytics service helps you to stream and
analyzing real-time data at massive scale.
5. QuickSight —It is a business analytics tool. It helps you to create
visualizations in a dashboard for data in Amazon Web Services.
For example, S3, DynamoDB, etc.
6. EMR (Elastic Map Reduce) —This AWS analytics service mainly
used for big data processing like Spark, Splunk, Hadoop, etc.
7. Data Pipeline — Allows you to move data from one place to
another. For example from DynamoDB to S3.
Management Services
1. CloudWatch — Cloud watch helps you to monitor AWS
environments like EC2, RDS instances, and CPU utilization. It
also triggers alarms depends on various metrics.
2. CloudFormation — It is a way of turning infrastructure into the
cloud. You can use templates for providing a whole production
environment in minutes.
3. CloudTrail — It offers an easy method of auditing AWS resources.
It helps you to log all changes.
4. OpsWorks — The service allows you to automated Chef/Puppet
deployments on AWS environment.
5. Config — This AWS service monitors your environment. The tool
sends alerts about changes when you break certain defined
configurations.
6. Service Catalog — This service helps large enterprises to
authorize which services user will be used and which won't.
7. AWS Auto Scaling — The service allows you to automatically
scale your resources up and down based on given CloudWatch
metrics.
8. Systems Manager — This AWS service allows you to group your
resources. It allows you to identify issues and act on them.
9. Managed Services—It offers management of your AWS
infrastructure which allows you to focus on your applications.
Internet of Things
1. IoT Core— It is a managed cloud AWS service. The service
allows connected devices like cars, light bulbs, sensor grids, to
securely interact with cloud applications and other devices.
2. IoT Device Management — It allows you to manage your IoT
devices at any scale.
3. IoT Analytics — This AWS IOT service is helpful to perform
analysis on data collected by your IoT devices.
4. Amazon FreeRTOS — This real-time operating system for
microcontrollers helps you to connect IoT devices in the local
server or into the cloud.
Application Services
1. Step Functions — It is a way of visualizing what's going inside
your application and what different microservices it is using.
2. SWF (Simple Workflow Service) — The service helps you to
coordinate both automated tasks and human-led tasks.
3. SNS (Simple Notification Service) — You can use this service to
send you notifications in the form of email and SMS based on
given AWS services.
4. SQS (Simple Queue Service) — Use this AWS service to
decouple your applications. It is a pull-based service.
5. Elastic Transcoder — This AWS service tool helps you to
changes a video's format and resolution to support various
devices like tablets, smartphones, and laptops of different
resolutions.
Deployment and Management
1. AWS CloudTrail: The services records AWS API calls and send
backlog files to you.
2. Amazon CloudWatch: The tools monitor AWS resources like
Amazon EC2 and Amazon RDS DB Instances. It also allows you
to monitor custom metrics created by user's applications and
services.
3. AWS CloudHSM: This AWS service helps you meet corporate,
regulatory, and contractual, compliance requirements for
maintaining data security by using the Hardware Security
Module(HSM) appliances inside the AWS environment.
Developer Tools
1. CodeStar — Codestar is a cloud-based service for creating,
managing, and working with various software development
projects on AWS.
2. CodeCommit —  It is AWS's version control service which allows
you to store your code and other assets privately in the cloud.
3. CodeBuild — This Amazon developer service help you to
automates the process of building and compiling your code.
4. CodeDeploy — It is a way of deploying your code in EC2
instances automatically.
5. CodePipeline — It helps you create a deployment pipeline like
testing, building, testing, authentication, deployment on
development and production environments.
6. Cloud9 —It is an Integrated Development Environment for
writing, running, and debugging code in the cloud.
Mobile Services
1. Mobile Hub — Allows you to add, configure and design features
for mobile apps.
2. Cognito — Allows users to signup using his or her social identity.
3. Device Farm — Device farm helps you to improve the quality of
apps by quickly testing hundreds of mobile devices.
4. AWS AppSync —It is a fully managed GraphQL service that
offers real-time data synchronization and offline programming
features.
Business Productivity
1. Alexa for Business — It empowers your organization with voice,
using Alexa. It will help you to Allows you to build custom voice
skills for your organization.
2. Chime — Can be used for online meeting and video conferencing.
3. WorkDocs — Helps to store documents in the cloud
4. WorkMail — Allows you to send and receive business emails.
Desktop & App Streaming
1. WorkSpaces — Workspace is a VDI (Virtual Desktop
Infrastructure). It allows you to use remote desktops in the cloud.
2. AppStream — A way of streaming desktop applications to your
users in the web browser. For example, using MS Word in Google
Chrome.
Artificial Intelligence
1. Lex — Lex tool helps you to build chatbots quickly.
2. Polly —  It is AWS's text-to-speech service allows you to create
audio versions of your notes.
3. Rekognition  — It is AWS's face recognition service. This AWS
service helps you to recognize faces and object in images and
videos.
4. SageMaker — Sagemaker allows you to build, train, and deploy
machine learning models at any scale.
5. Transcribe —  It is AWS's speech-to-text service that offers high-
quality and affordable transcriptions.
6. Translate — It is a very similar tool to Google Translate which
allows you to translate text in one language to another.
AR & VR (Augmented Reality & Virtual Reality)
1. Sumerian — Sumerian is a set of tool for offering high-quality
virtual reality (VR) experiences on the web. The service allows
you to create interactive 3D scenes and publish it as a website for
users to access.
Customer Engagement
1. Amazon Connect — Amazon Connect allows you to create your
customer care center in the cloud.
2. Pinpoint — Pinpoint helps you to understand your users and
engage with them.
3. SES (Simple Email Service) — Helps you to send bulk emails to
your customers at a relatively cost-effective price.
Game Development
1. GameLift- It is a service which is managed by AWS. You can use
this service to host dedicated game servers. It allows you to scale
seamlessly without taking your game offline.
Applications of AWS services
Amazon Web services are widely used for various computing purposes
like:
 Web site hosting
 Application hosting/SaaS hosting
 Media Sharing (Image/ Video)
 Mobile and Social Applications
 Content delivery and Media Distribution
 Storage, backup, and disaster recovery
 Development and test environments
 Academic Computing
 Search Engines
 Social Networking
Companies using AWS
 Instagram
 Zoopla
 Smugmug
 Pinterest
 Netflix
 Dropbox
 Etsy
 Talkbox
 Playfish
 Ftopia
Advantages of AWS
Following are the pros of using AWS services:
 AWS allows organizations to use the already familiar
programming models, operating systems, databases, and
architectures.
 It is a cost-effective service that allows you to pay only for what
you use, without any up-front or long-term commitments.
 You will not require to spend money on running and maintaining
data centers.
 Offers fast deployments
 You can easily add or remove capacity.
 You are allowed cloud access quickly with limitless capacity.
 Total Cost of Ownership is very low compared to any
private/dedicated servers.
 Offers Centralized Billing and management
 Offers Hybrid Capabilities
 Allows you to deploy your application in multiple regions around
the world with just a few clicks
Disadvantages of AWS
 If you need more immediate or intensive assistance, you'll have to
opt for paid support packages.
 Amazon Web Services may have some common cloud computing
issues when you move to a cloud. For example, downtime, limited
control, and backup protection.
 AWS sets default limits on resources which differ from region to
region. These resources consist of images, volumes, and
snapshots.
 Hardware-level changes happen to your application which may
not offer the best performance and usage of your applications.
Best practices of AWS
 You need to design for failure, but nothing will fail.
 It's important to decouple all your components before using AWS
services.
 You need to keep dynamic data closer to compute and static data
closer to the user.
 It's important to know security and performance tradeoffs.
 Pay for computing capacity by the hourly payment method.
 Make a habit of a one-time payment for each instance you want to
reserve and to receive a significant discount on the hourly charge.

How to Create EC2

Instance in AWS:
Step by Step
Tutorial
https://www.guru99.com/creating-amazon-ec2-instance.html
What is Amazon EC2 Instance?
An EC2 instance is nothing but a virtual server in Amazon Web
services terminology. It stands for Elastic Compute Cloud. It is a web
service where an AWS subscriber can request and provision a compute
server in AWS cloud.
An on-demand EC2 instance is an offering from AWS where the
subscriber/user can rent the virtual server per hour and use it to deploy
his/her own applications.
The instance will be charged per hour with different rates based on the
type of the instance chosen. AWS provides multiple instance types for
the respective business needs of the user.
Thus, you can rent an instance based on your own CPU and memory
requirements and use it as long as you want. You can terminate the
instance when it’s no more used and save on costs. This is the most
striking advantage of an on-demand instance- you can drastically save
on your CAPEX.
In this tutorial, you will learn-
 Login and access to AWS services
 Choose AMI
 Choose EC2 Instance Types
 Configure Instance
 Add Storage
 Tag Instance
 Configure Security Groups
 Review Instances
 Create a EIP and connect to your instance
 What is Spot Instance?
 Create a Spot Request
o Find Instance Types
o Configure the Spot instance
o Review your Spot instance
Let us see in detail how to launch an on-demand EC2 instance in AWS
Cloud.
Login and access to AWS services
Step 1) In this step,
 Login to your AWS account and go to the AWS Services tab at
the top left corner.
 Here, you will see all of the AWS Services categorized as per
their area viz. Compute, Storage, Database, etc. For creating an
EC2 instance, we have to choose Computeà EC2 as in the next
step.

 Open all the services and click on EC2 under Compute services.
This will launch the dashboard of EC2.
Here is the EC2 dashboard. Here you will get all the information in gist
about the AWS EC2 resources running.
Step 2) On the top right corner of the EC2 dashboard, choose the AWS
Region in which you want to provision the EC2 server.
Here we are selecting N. Virginia. AWS provides 10 Regions all over the
globe.
Step 3) In this step
 Once your desired Region is selected, come back to the EC2
Dashboard.
 Click on 'Launch Instance' button in the section of Create Instance
(as shown below).
 Instance creation wizard page will open as soon as you click
'Launch Instance'.
Choose AMI
Step 1) In this step we will do,
1. You will be asked to choose an AMI of your choice. (An AMI is an
Amazon Machine Image. It is a template basically of an Operating
System platform which you can use as a base to create your
instance). Once you launch an EC2 instance from your preferred
AMI, the instance will automatically be booted with the desired
OS. (We will see more about AMIs in the coming part of the
tutorial).
2. Here we are choosing the default Amazon Linux (64 bit) AMI.
Choose EC2 Instance Types
Step 1) In the next step, you have to choose the type of instance you
require based on your business needs.
1. We will choose t2.micro instance type, which is a 1vCPU and 1GB
memory server offered by AWS.
2. Click on "Configure Instance Details" for further configurations
 In the next step of the wizard, enter details like no. of instances
you want to launch at a time.
 Here we are launching one instance.
Configure Instance
Step 1) No. of instances- you can provision up to 20 instances at a time.
Here we are launching one instance.
Step 2) Under Purchasing Options, keep the option of 'Request Spot
Instances' unchecked as of now. (This is done when we wish to launch
Spot instances instead of on-demand ones. We will come back to Spot
instances in the later part of the tutorial).

Step 3) Next, we have to configure some basic networking details for

our EC2 server.
 You have to decide here, in which VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) you
want to launch your instance and under which subnets inside your
VPC. It is better to determine and plan this prior to launching the
instance. Your AWS architecture set-up should include IP ranges
for your subnets etc. pre-planned for better management. (We will
see how to create a new VPC in Networking section of the tutorial.
 Subnetting should also be pre-planned. E.g.: If it's a web server
you should place it in the public subnet and if it's a DB server, you
should place it in a private subnet all inside your VPC.
Below,
1. Network section will give a list of VPCs available in our platform.
2. Select an already existing VPC
3. You can also create a new VPC
Here I have selected an already existing VPC where I want to launch
my instance.

Step 4) In this step,

 A VPC consists of subnets, which are IP ranges that are
separated for restricting access.
 Below,
1. Under Subnets, you can choose the subnet where you want to
place your instance.
2. I have chosen an already existing public subnet.
3. You can also create a new subnet in this step.
 Once your instance is launched in a public subnet, AWS will
assign a dynamic public IP to it from their pool of IPs.
Step 5) In this step,
 You can choose if you want AWS to assign it an IP automatically,
or you want to do it manually later. You can enable/ disable 'Auto
assign Public IP' feature here likewise.
 Here we are going to assign this instance a static IP called as EIP
(Elastic IP) later. So we keep this feature disabled as of now.
Step 6) In this step,
 In the following step, keep the option of IAM role 'None' as of now.
We will visit the topic of IAM role in detail in IAM services.
Step 7) In this step, you have to do following things
 Shutdown Behavior – when you accidently shut down your
instance, you surely don't want it to be deleted but stopped.
 Here we are defining my shutdown behavior as Stop.
Step 8) In this step,
 In case, you have accidently terminated your instance, AWS has
a layer of security mechanism. It will not delete your instance if
you have enabled accidental termination protection.
 Here we are checking the option for further protecting our
instance from accidental termination.
Step 9) In this step,
 Under Monitoring- you can enable Detailed Monitoring if your
instance is a business critical instance. Here we have kept the
option unchecked. AWS will always provide Basic monitoring on
your instance free of cost. We will visit the topic of monitoring in
AWS Cloud Watch part of the tutorial.
 Under Tenancy- select the option if shared tenancy. If your
application is a highly secure application, then you should go for
dedicated capacity. AWS provides both options.
Step 10) In this step,
 Click on 'Add Storage' to add data volumes to your instance in
next step.
Add Storage
Step 1) In this step we do following things,
 In the Add Storage step, you'll see that the instance has been
automatically provisioned a General Purpose SSD root volume of
8GB. ( Maximum volume size we can give to a General Purpose
volume is 16GB)
 You can change your volume size, add new volumes, change the
volume type, etc.
 AWS provides 3 types of EBS volumes- Magnetic, General
Purpose SSD, Provisioned IOPs. You can choose a volume type
based on your application's IOPs needs.

Tag Instance
Step 1) In this step
 you can tag your instance with a key-value pair. This gives
visibility to the AWS account administrator when there are lot
number of instances.
 The instances should be tagged based on their department,
environment like Dev/SIT/Prod. Etc. this gives a clear view of the
costing on the instances under one common tag.
1. Here we have tagged the instance as a Dev_Web server 01
2. Go to configure Security Groups later
Configure Security Groups
Step 1) In this next step of configuring Security Groups, you can restrict
traffic on your instance ports. This is an added firewall mechanism
provided by AWS apart from your instance's OS firewall.
You can define open ports and IPs.
 Since our server is a webserver=, we will do following things
1. Creating a new Security Group
2. Naming our SG for easier reference
3. Defining protocols which we want enabled on my instance
4. Assigning IPs which are allowed to access our instance on the
said protocols
5. Once, the firewall rules are set- Review and launch

Review Instances
Step 1) In this step, we will review all our choices and parameters and
go ahead to launch our instance.
Step 2) In the next step you will be asked to create a key pair to login to
you an instance. A key pair is a set of public-private keys.
AWS stores the private key in the instance, and you are asked to
download the private key. Make sure you download the key and keep it
safe and secured; if it is lost you cannot download it again.
1. Create a new key pair
2. Give a name to your key
3. Download and save it in your secured folder
 When you download your key, you can open and have a look at
your RSA private key.
Step 3) Once you are done downloading and saving your key, launch
your instance.
 You can see the launch status meanwhile.
 You can also see the launch log.

 Click on the 'Instances' option on the left pane where you can see
the status of the instance as 'Pending' for a brief while.
 Once your instance is up and running, you can see its status as
'Running' now.
 Note that the instance has received a Private IP from the pool of
AWS.
Create a EIP and connect to your instance
An EIP is a static public IP provided by AWS. It stands for Elastic IP.
Normally when you create an instance, it will receive a public IP from
the AWS's pool automatically. If you stop/reboot your instance, this
public IP will change- it'dynamic. In order for your application to have a
static IP from where you can connect via public networks, you can use
an EIP.
Step 1) On the left pane of EC2 Dashboard, you can go to 'Elastic IPs'
as shown below.

Step 2) Allocate a new Elastic IP Address.

Step 3) Allocate this IP to be used in a VPC scope.
 Your request will succeed if you don't have 5 or more than 5 EIPs
already in your account.
Step 4) Now assign this IP to your instance.
1. Select the said IP
2. Click on Actions -> Associate Address

Step 5) In the next page,

1. Search for your instance and
2. Associate the IP to it.
Step 6) Come back to your instances screen, you'll see that your
instance has received your EIP.
Step 7) Now open putty from your programs list and add your same EIP
in there as below.

Step 8) In this step,

Add your private key in putty for secure connection
1. Go to Auth
2. Add your private key in .ppk (putty private key) format. You will
need to convert pem file from AWS to ppk using puttygen
Once done click on "Open" button

 Once you connect, you will successfully see the Linux prompt.

 Please note that the machine you are connecting from should be
enabled on the instance Security Group for SSH (like in the steps
above).
Once you become familiar with the above steps for launching the
instance, it becomes a matter of 2 minutes to launch the same!
You can now use your on-demand EC2 server for your applications.
What is Spot Instance?
A spot Instance is an offering from AWS; it allows an AWS business
subscriber to bid on unused AWS compute capacity. The hourly price
for a Spot instance is decided by AWS, and it fluctuates depending on
the supply and demand for Spot instances.
Your Spot instance runs whenever your bid exceeds the current market
price. The price of a spot instance varies based on the instance type
and the Availability Zone in which the instance can be provisioned.
When your bid price exceeds the market spot price of the instance
called as the ‘spot price,' your instance stays running. When the spot
price overshoots the bid price, AWS will terminate your instance
automatically. Therefore, it is necessary to plan the spot instances in
your application architecture carefully.
Create a Spot Request
In order to launch a spot instance, you have to first create a Spot
Request.
Follow the steps below to create a Spot Request.
1. On the EC2 Dashboard select 'Spot Requests' from the left pane
under Instances.
2. Click on the button 'Request Spot Instances" as shown below.
Spot instance launch wizard will open up. You can now go ahead with
selecting the parameters and the instance configuration.
Find Instance Types
The first step for spot instance is to "Find instance types."

Step 1) Select an AMI- an AMI is a template consisting of the OS

platform and software to be installed in the instance. Select your desired
AMI from the existing list. We are selecting Amazon Linux AMI for this
tutorial.
Step 2) Capacity Unit- a Capacity Unit is your application requirement.
You may decide to launch an instance based on the instance type,
vCPU or custom configuration like your choice of vCPU/memory/storage
requirements. Here we are selecting an Instance.
If you wish to customize the capacity, you can add your choice of
1. vCPU,
2. Memory and
3. Instance storage as below.
Step 3) Target Capacity depicts how many spot instances you wish to
maintain in your request. Here we are selecting one.
Step 4) Bid Price – this is the maximum price we are ready to pay for
the instance. We are going to set a particular price per instance/hour.
This is the simplest to calculate based on our business requirement. We
will see ahead how we should determine the bid price so that our bid
price always remains high and doesn't exceed the spot price so that our
instance keeps running.
just below the bid price you can see a button of Pricing History. Click on
that as shown below.
Here in Pricing History, we can see a graph depicting instance pricing
trends with historical data. You can select the parameters and get an
idea of the pricing of our desired instance over a period of time.
1. Select the product. We have selected our Linux AMI.
2. Select the instance type. We have selected m3.medium.
3. Note the average prices for over a day here.
Thus, from the chart below, we can see that the instance type that we
are planning to provision lies in the pricing range of $0.01xx, and it
seems that Availability Zone 'us-east 1a' has the lowest price.
cont. to step 4.
So let's come back to our step of quoting a bid price.
For the sake of maintaining our instance always available and if it falls
within our budget, we can quote a higher bid price. Here we have
quoted a slightly higher price of $0.05.
You can see some trends in the wizard itself.
1. Note the instance types section
2. Select the instance type that we are planning to provision
3. Note the price that we are planning to bid. % of on-demand shows
us that our quoted price is 75% of the on-demand price for the
same instance type. This means we are saving 25% per hour as
compared to an on-demand instance. You can further lower the
price and save costs drastically.
Step 5) Once we are done looking at the trends and quoting our bid
price, click on next.
Configure the Spot instance
Our next step is to configure the instance, in this step of the wizard, we'll
configure instance parameters like VPC, subnets, etc.
Let's take a look.
Step 1) Allocation Strategy – it determines how your spot request is
fulfilled from the AWS's spot pools. There are two types of strategies:
 Diversified – here, spot instances are balanced across all the spot
pools
 Lowest price – here, spot instances are launched from the pool
which has lowest price offers
For this tutorial, we'll select Lowest Price as our allocation strategy.
Step 2) Select the VPC- we'll select from the list of available VPCs that
we have created earlier. We can also create a new VPC in this step.
Step 3) Next we'll select the security group for the instance. We can
select an already existing SG or create a new one.
Step 4) Availability Zone- we'll select the AZ where we want to place our
instance based on our application architecture. We are selecting AZ- us-
east-1a.

Step 5) Subnets- we are going to select the subnet from our list of
already available list.
Step 6) Public IP- we'll choose to assign the instance a public IP as
soon as it launches. In this step, you can choose if you want AWS to
assign it an IP automatically, or you want to do it manually later. You
can enable/ disable 'Auto assign Public IP' feature here likewise.
Step 7) Key pair- A key pair is a set of public-private keys.
AWS stores the private key in the instance, and you are asked to
download the private key. Make sure you download the key and keep it
safe and secured; if it is lost you cannot download it again.
After selecting public IP, here we are selecting a key which we already
have created in our last tutorial.

Review your Spot instance

Once we are done configuring our spot instance request in the 2 steps
earlier in our wizard, we'll take a look at the overall configuration.

1. We can also download a JSON file with all the configurations.

Below is our JSON file.
After we are done reviewing, we can proceed with the launching by
clicking the Launch button as shown below.
Once we select Launch, we can see a notification about the request
getting created.

The spot request creation wizard will close, and the page will
automatically direct back to the EC2 Dashboard.
You can see as shown below that the State of our request is 'open'
which means that it is getting evaluated from the AWS's side. AWS EC2
will check if the required instance is available in its spot pool.
After a couple of minutes, you can see that the state is changed to
'active', and now our spot request is successfully fulfilled. You can note
the configuration parameters below.
Summary:
Thus, we saw in detail how to create an on-demand EC2 instance in this
tutorial. Because it is an on-demand server, you can keep it running
when in use and 'Stop' it when it's unused to save on your costs.
You can provision a Linux or Windows EC2 instance or from any of the
available AMIs in AWS Marketplace based on your choice of OS
platform.
If your application is in production and you have to use it for years to
come, you should consider provisioning a reserved instance to
drastically save on your CAPEX.
Here, we saw how to create a Spot Instance request successfully by
determining our bid price.
Spot instances are a great way to save on costs for instances which are
not application critical. A common example would be to create a fleet of
spot instances for a task such as image processing or video encoding.
In such cases, you can keep a cluster of instances under a load
balancer.
If the bid price exceeds the spot price and your instance is terminated
from AWS's side, you can have other instances doing the processing
job for you. You can leverage Auto scaling for this scenario. Avoid using
Spot instances for business critical applications like databases etc.
AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate 2018
Change Instance
Type, Security
Group,
Termination
Protection: AWS
EC2
EC2 stands for Elastic Compute Cloud. It is the compute service
offering from the IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) area of AWS.
Once an EC2 instance is provisioned, it is very handy to update/modify
many of the instances configuration parameters using AWS
Management Console.
Let's take a look at each of them.

What You Will Learn: [hide]

 Login and access to AWS services
 Checke the modification parameters
 View the connection details
 Launch multiple instances with the similar configuration
 Change the instance state
 Change instance settings
 Create tags
 Attach to Auto Scaling Group
 Change instance type
 Enable termination protection
 Change User Data
 Change the shutdown behavior
 View System Log
 Create an instance AMI
 Change the instance network settings
 Change the Security Group
 Add a Network Interface
 Dissociating EIP
 Change Source/Destination check
 Manag private IP addresses
 Enable/disable ClassicLink to a VPC
 Enable detailed CloudWatch monitoring
Login and access to AWS services
Step 1) In this step, you will do
 Login to your AWS account and go to the AWS Services tab at
the top left corner.
 Here, you will see all of the AWS Services categorized as per
their area viz. Compute, Storage, Database, etc. For creating an
EC2 instance, we have to choose Computeà EC2 as in the next
step.
Open all the services and click on EC2 under Compute services. This
will launch the dashboard of EC2.
Here is the EC2 dashboard. Here you will get all the information in gist
about the AWS EC2 resources running.

Step 2) On the top right corner of the EC2 dashboard, choose the AWS
Region in which you want to provision the EC2 server.
Here we are selecting N. Virginia. AWS provides 10 Regions all over the
globe.
Step 3)
Once your desired Region is selected, come back to the EC2
Dashboard.
Checke the modification parameters
Step 1) On the EC2 Dashboard, select the instance whose configuration
parameters you want to modify and Click on the "Actions" button as
shown below.
Step 2) As you click the button, the drop- down will show us all the areas
where we can modify the instance characteristics.

View the connection details

Connect option below will show us ways in which we can connect to an
EC2 instance.
Step 1) Click on option 'Connect.'
You may choose to connect with a standalone SSH client or
a Java client. You will get a step-by-step procedure on how you can
connect to your instance.
For this tutorial, we can see the connection methods for
a Linux instance.

Launch multiple instances with the similar configuration

If you have a single EC2 instance running with a particular
configuration, and you wish to quickly launch another instance in a one-
click deployment, then 'Launch More Like This' option helps us do that.
Step 1) Click on 'Launch More Like This.'

You will be straightaway directed to the review instance details page of

the launch instance wizard. Here we can verify all the details once
more.
Step 2) On review instance details page Click on button 'Launch.'
Step 3) In this window,
1. Select an existing key pair
2. Click on "Launch Instance."
Instance launch progress can be seen as below.

You can see below that a new instance is in a pending state before
creation.
You can see that the new instance has the same tag as well.
Change the instance state
You can change the instance state on the fly from the Management
Console on a single click.
Step 1) In this step, Click on 'Instance State' under actions.
 Stop – you can stop the running instance
 Reboot – you can reboot the instance
 Terminate – you can delete the instance permanently

Change instance settings

Here you can change a lot of instance settings like security groups,
termination protection, etc.
Let's us see each one in detail.
Create tags
Add/Edit Tags – You can add or edit the tags assigned to the instance.
Tagging makes it easier for the business owner of the AWS account to
keep a track of the instances especially if there are multiple
environments.
AWS admins should assign each instance a tag based on the
segregation e.g.: tagging all the instances in the production environment
as 'Prod' or tagging the instances belonging to a department with the
department initials etc. Tagging is a very effective method to track the
costing of the instances as well.
Let's see how to change tags
Step 1) In this step,
1. Click on instance setting
2. Click on 'Add/Edit Tags.'

Step 2) A tag is just a key-value pair.

1. So we have assigned a new tag as Department and added its
value as Cloud.
2. Click on Save
Step 3) Come back to the EC2 Dashboard and
1. Select your instance again
2. Select the tab of 'Tags'
Note that the new tag as "Department" with value as Cloud has
appeared under Tags.
Attach to Auto Scaling Group
An EC2 instance can be attached to an Auto Scaling Group on the fly.
Step 1) In this step, we do following things
1. Click on 'Instance Settings'
2. Click on 'Attach to Auto Scaling Group.'
Step 2) In this step,
1. Attach an instance to an existing AS group. You can also create a
new AS group in this step.
2. Select one AS group from the list of already existing groups.
3. Click on 'Attach'.
This action will attach your instance to an auto-scaling group in your
environment.
Change instance type
You can change the instance-type of your instance if you desire higher
configuration instance as per your application requirement. This can be
done to vertically scale your instance and provide you with more
compute/memory capacity.
Let's see how to do this.
You cannot change an instance type if it's a running server. You have to
stop it before doing so.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Go to 'Instance State'
2. Click on 'Stop'. This will stop the instance.
Note that the instance state is now in "stopping" mode on the EC2
Dashboard. You change an instance type now.

Step 2) In this step,

1. Go to 'Instance Settings'
2. Click on 'Change Instance Type'
A Change Instance Type pop-up will appear.

Step 3) You can select from a range of EC2 available instance types.
For this tutorial, we are changing it to t2.nano just for the sake of
demonstration.
Step 4) Select t2.nano and hit 'Apply'.

Notice on the EC2 Dashboard, your instance type has been changed to
the said type automatically.
You can now start your instance and continue on the operations on that.
There will be no change in other configuration parameters and also your
existing installations on the server will remain intact.
Enable termination protection
An instance should always have termination protection enabled
especially on production servers. This will ensure that your EC2
instance is not getting accidently terminated.
AWS will add an additional level of security in case you happen to
accidently hit the instance terminate option.
Let's see how to enable termination protection.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Go to 'Instance Settings.'
2. Click on 'Change Termination Protection.'
Step 2) Notice that the current setting on our instance is disabled. Click
on "Yes,Enable".

This has enabled Termination protection on our instance. We'll check to

see if our instance gets deleted when we hit Terminate.
Step 3) In this step,
1. Select option 'Instance State' and then
2. Click on 'Terminate.'
AWS will immediately notify you that the EC2 instance has "termination
protection enabled" and you will not be able to delete it. The 'Terminate'
button below is disabled.

Change User Data

When you launch a new EC2 instance, you have the option to pass user
data to an instance to run tasks at boot time automatically e.g. common
configuration tasks, init scripts, etc.
You can pass the user data in the form of shell scripts or cloud-init
directives. This can be either plain text, as a file or as base64 encoded
text for API calls.
Here we will see how we can edit these scripts.
You will have to stop the instance first, you will not be able to edit the
instance userdata if it's running. On a stopped instance, perform below
steps.
Step 1) In this step, do the following things
1. Go to 'Instance Settings'.
2. Click on 'View/Change User Data'.

Here for the purpose of demonstration, we have a shell script which

installs LAMP stack on the server.
Step 2) In this step,
1. View/ modify your user data field.
2. Click on "Save" tab.
Change the shutdown behavior
If ever you have accidently shutdown the instance via the OS console,
you don't want AWS EC2 to actually terminate the instance.
For that, we can set up the shutdown behavior as 'Stop' instead of
'Terminate'. We can also do vice versa if the application requirement is
as such.
Let's see how to achieve this.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Go to 'Instance Settings'.
2. Click on 'Change Shutdown Behavior.'
Step 2) In this step, click on 'Stop' and then hit apply. The setting will be
applied to the instance accordingly.

Step 3) Now when "stop" shutdown is initiated in the instance console

via putty, it will not get terminated. It will simply shutdown normally.
View System Log
You can see the system log for any EC2 instance for troubleshooting
purposes etc.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Go to 'Instance Settings'.
2. Click on 'Get System Log'.

You can see a separate window depicting the instance log details. Here
we can see a snap of log when the instance was restarted.
Create an instance AMI
You can create an AMI of your EC2 instance for backup.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Go to 'Image'.
2. Click on 'Create Image'.
An image creation wizard will open.
Step 2) In this step,
1. Add the image name
2. Give some friendly description for the AMI
3. Check the volumes and then hit 'Create Image' button.
AWS will receive your create image request and will send a notification
immediately.
You can check the status of the request on the EC2 dashboard as
'pending' just like what is shown below.
After a while the status is "available" and you will have your AMI ready
as a backup.

You can also de-register it from the dashboard once the backup is old.
Change the instance network settings
Change the Security Group
You can change the SG (Security Group) of an instance anytime. If you
have another security group with different firewall rules, you can easily
do so using the console.
Let's see how.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Go to 'Networking'.
2. Click on 'Change Security Groups'.

Step 2) In the change security groups wizard, it will show the already
existing SG on the instance along with a list of all the security groups in
the region.
Step 3) In this step,
1. Tick the box against your desired SG
2. Click on 'Assign Security Groups' button.
Step 4) On the EC2 Dashboard, you can see that the SG of the instance
has been changed. The instance will now send/receive traffic based on
the new SG settings.
You can also add multiple security groups.
Add a Network Interface
A network interface is like another NIC card to an instance. It will have
another set of IPs additional to the already existing primary Network
Interface.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Go to 'Networking'.
2. Click on 'Attach Network Interface'.
You will get an error prompt if you don't have a Network Interface
already created.

Let's see how to create a Network Interface quickly.

Step 2) In this step,
1. Go to EC2 Dashboard, and click on 'Network Interfaces' on the
left pane.
2. Click on 'Create Network Interface' button.
Step 3) In this step,
1. Add a description for your network interface
2. Select the subnet where you want to create your network
interface. Keep the auto assign the private IP option default
3. Security groups are applied to a network interface of an instance,
so here you will get an option for the same. Select your desired
SG
4. Once you're done entering the details, click on 'Create.'
Now you can come back to the EC2 Dashboard and check that your
network interface is getting created.

Now come back on Step 2) and go ahead with selecting your available
interface which we just created and attach it to the instance.
Now as you can see the network interface which we just created is
enlisted below automatically.
Your network interface will be attached to the instance immediately.
We can come back to the EC2 Dashboard and check our instance now.
Note that the instance has 2 private IPs belonging to 2 network
interfaces.

Dissociating EIP
An Elastic IP is a static Public IP.
You can dissociate an EIP directly from the instance dashboard.
Step 1) In this step
1. Click on 'Networking.'
2. Click on 'Dissociate Elastic IP Address.'

Step 2) Click on the button of dissociate, once we have verified the

instance id and the EIP.

Check below that the instance dashboard now shows the EIP field
blank.
Change Source/Destination check
The Source/Destination Check attribute controls whether
source/destination checking is enabled on the instance. Disabling this
attribute enables an instance to handle network traffic that isn't
specifically destined for the instance. For example, instances running
services such as network address translation, routing, or a firewall
should set this value to disabled.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Click on 'Networking.'
2. Click on 'change Source/Dust. Check'
Step 2) Click on 'Disable'. If it is disabled already, you can enable it in
this step.

Manage private IP addresses

You can assign multiple private IP addresses to a single instance if that
is your application architecture's design. The maximum no of IPs you
can assign of course depends on the EC2 instance type.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Click on 'Networking.'
2. Click on 'Manage Private IP addresses.'

You will be redirected to a new window to assign a secondary IP

address to your instance.
Step 2) In this step,
1. Here we are leaving the field blank. This will enable AWS to auto-
assign any available private IP to our instance.
2. Click on 'Update.'
Note that an IP has been automatically assigned here.
Also, come back to the EC2 dashboard and notice the 2 private IPs
assigned. These are 2 IPs on a single network interface.
Enable/disable ClassicLink to a VPC
If your instance is provisioned in EC2 – Classic, which is a deployment
mode in AWS where resources are provisioned out of a VPC; then you
can link your instance to a VPC environment as shown below.
The options below are disabled for us as our instance is already in a
VPC.
Enable detailed CloudWatch monitoring
AWS will by default have basic CloudWatch monitoring enabled on all
its resources. However, if our instances are production instances, we
may wish to enable detailed monitoring on them with additional costs of
course.
Step 1) In this step,
1. Click on 'CloudWatch Monitoring'
2. Click on 'Enable Detailed Monitoring'
You can also add/edit alarms to alert you for attributes in your
CloudWatch monitoring metrics.
Summary
Thus, we saw in this tutorial, how to enable/modify various attributes in
AWS for the instance configuration from the Management Console after
it is launched.
AWS provides many more configuration options via CLI/API.
AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate 2018

What is AWS
Lambda? Lambda
Function with
Examples
Before AWS Lambda, let's understand:
What is Serverless?
Serverless is a term that generally refers to serverless applications. Serverless
applications are ones that don't need any server provision and do not require to manage
servers.
What is AWS Lambda?
AWS LAMBDA is an event-driven, serverless computing platform provided by Amazon
as a part of Amazon Web Services. Therefore you don't need to worry about which AWS
resources to launch, or how will you manage them. Instead, you need to put the code on
Lambda, and it runs.
In AWS Lambda the code is executed based on the response of events in AWS services
such as add/delete files in S3 bucket, HTTP request from Amazon API gateway, etc.
However, a Lambda can only be used to execute background tasks.
AWS Lambda helps you to focus on your core product and business logic instead of
managing operating system (OS) access control, OS patching, right-sizing, provisioning,
scaling, etc.
In this AWS Lambda tutorial for beginners, you will learn:
 How does AWS Lambda work?
 Events that Trigger AWS Lambda
 AWS Lambda Concepts
 AWS Lambda VS AWS EC2
 AWS Lambda VS AWS Elastic Beanstalk
 Use Cases of AWS Lambda
 Best practices of Lambda function
 When not to use AWS Lambda
 Advantages of using AWS Lambda
 Limitations of AWS Lambda

How does AWS Lambda work?

The following block diagram explains the working of AWS Lambda in a few easy steps:
Step 1: First upload your AWS Lambda code in any language supported by AWS
Lambda. Java, Python, Go, and C# are some of the languages that are supported by AWS
lambda.
Step 2: These are some AWS services which allow you to trigger AWS Lambda.
Step 3: AWS Lambda helps you to upload code and the event details on which it should
be triggered.
Step 4: Executes AWS Lambda Code when it is triggered by AWS services:
Step 5: AWS charges only when the AWS lambda code executes, and not otherwise.
This will happen in the following scenarios:
 Upload files in an S3 bucket
 When HTTP get/post endpoint URL is hit
 For adding/modifying and deleting Dynamo DB tables
 In the process of data streams collection
 Push notification
 Hosting of website
 Email sending
Note: You should remember that you will charge for AWS services only when the AWS
Lambda code executes, else you don't need to pay anything.
Events that Trigger AWS Lambda
Here, are Events which will be triggered when you use AWS Lambda.
 Insert, updating and deleting data Dynamo DB table
 To include push notifications in SNS
 To search for log history in CloudTrail
 Entry into an S3 object
 DynamoDB can trigger AWS Lambda whenever there is data added, modified, and
deleted in the table.
 Helps you to schedule the event to carry out the task at regular time pattern.
 Modifications to objects in S3 buckets
 Notifications sent from Amazon SNS.
 AWS Lambda can be used to process the CloudTrail logs
 API Gateway allows you to trigger AWS Lambda on GET/POST methods.

AWS Lambda Concepts

Function:
A function is a program or a script which runs in AWS Lambda. Lambda passes
invocation events into your function, which processes an event and returns its response.
Runtimes:
Runtime allows functions in various languages which runs on the same base execution
environment. This helps you to configure your function in runtime. It also matches your
selected programming language.
Event source:
An event source is an AWS service, such as Amazon SNS, or a custom service. This
triggers function helps you to executes its logic.
Lambda Layers:
Lambda layers are an important distribution mechanism for libraries, custom runtimes,
and other important function dependencies. This AWS component also helps you to
manage your development function code separately from the unchanging code and
resources that it uses.
Log streams:
Log stream allows you to annotate your function code with custom logging statements
which helps you to analyse the execution flow and performance of your Lambda
functions.
How to use AWS Lambda
Step 1) Goto https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/ and Get Started
Step 2) Create an account or sign in with your existing account
Step 3) In the next Lambda page,
1. Edit the code
2. Click Run
Step 4) You will see output
AWS Lambda VS AWS EC2
Here, are some major differences between AWS Lambda and EC2.

Parameters AWS Lambda AWS EC2

Definition AWS Lambda is a Platform as a Service (PaaS). It helps you to run and execute AWS EC2 Is
your backend code. computing

Flexibility Does not offers any flexibility to log in to compute instances. It allows you to Offers the
choose a customized operating system or language runtime. systems, se

Installation process You need to select your environment where you want to runthe code and push For the firs
the code into AWS Lambda. software re
Environment It is restricted to fewlanguages. No environ
restrictions

AWS Lambda VS AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Here, are some major differences between AWS Lambda and Elastic Beanstalk.

Parameters AWS Elastic Beanstalk AWS L

Main task Deploy and manage the apps on AWS Cloud without worrying about the AWS L
infrastructure which runs those applications. You ca

Selection of AWS It gives you a Freedom to select AWS resources; For example, you can choose EC2 You ca
resources instance which is optimal according to your application. Lambd

Type of system It is a stateful system. It is a s

Use Cases of AWS Lambda

AWS Lambda used for a wide range of applications like:
 Helps you for ETL process
 Allows you to perform real-time file processing and real-time stream processing
 Use for creating web applications
 Use in Amazon products like Alexa Chatbots and Amazon Echo/Alexa
 Data processing (real-time streaming analytics)
 Automated Backups of everyday tasks
 Scalable back ends (mobile apps, loT devices)
 Helps you to execute server-side backend logic
 Allows you to filter and Transform data

Best practices of Lambda function

Here, are important best practices of Lambda functions:
 Use the right "timeout."
 Utilize the functions of local storage which is 500MB in size in the /temp folder
 Minimizing the use of start-up code which is not directly related to processing the
current event.
 You should use built-in CloudWatch monitoring of your Lambda functions to view and
optimize request latencies.

When not to use AWS Lambda

Following are the situation where Lambda is surely not an ideal option:
 It is not appropriate to use AWS Lambda software packages or applications which rely
on calling underlying Windows RPCs
 If is used for custom software applications with licensing agreements like MS-Office
document processing, Oracle databases, etc.
 AWS Lambda should not be used for custom hardware process such as GPU
acceleration, hardware affinity.

Advantages of using AWS Lambda

Here, are pros/benefits of using AWS lambda:
 AWS Lambda is a highly flexible tool to use
 It helps you to grant access to resources, including VPCs
 Author directly with WYSIWYG editor in console.
 You can use it as a plugin for Eclipse and Visual Studio.
 As it is serverless architecture, you don't need to worry about managing or provisioning
servers.
 You do not need to set up any Virtual Machine.
 Helps developers to run and execute the code's response to events without building any
infrastructure.
 You just need to for the compute time taken, only when your code runs.
 You can monitor your code performance in real time through CloudWatch.
 It allows you to run your code without provisioning or to manage any other server
 Helps you to execute the code only when needed
 You can scale it automatically to handle a few requests per day and even support more
than thousands of requests per second.
 AWS Lambda can be configured with the help of external event timers to perform
scheduled tasks.
 AWS Lambda should be configured with external event and timers so; it can be used for
scheduling.
 Lambda functions are stateless so that it can be scaled quickly.
 AWS Lambda is fast so it will execute your code within milliseconds.

Limitations of AWS Lambda

Here are the cons/disadvantages of using AWS Lambda:
 AWS Lambda tool is not suitable for small projects.
 AWS Lambda entirely relies on AWS for the infrastructure, so you can't install any
additional software if your code demands it.
 Concurrent execution is limited to 100
 AWS Lambda completely depended on AWS for the infrastructure; you cannot install
anything additional software if your code demands it.
 Its memory volume can vary between 128 to 1536 MB.
 Event request should not exceed 128 KB.
 Lambda functions help you to write their logs only in CloudWatch. This is the only tool
that allows you to monitor or troubleshoot your functions.
 Its code execution timeout is just 5 minutes.
Summary
 Serverless is a term that generally refers to serverless applications.
 AWS Lambda is one such serverless compute service. Therefore, you don't need to
worry about which AWS resources to launch, or how will they manage them.
 A function is a program or a script which runs in AWS Lambda.
 Runtime allows functions in various languages which runs on the same base execution
environment.
 An event source is an AWS service, such as Amazon SNS, or a custom service.
 Lambda layers are an important distribution mechanism for libraries, custom runtimes,
and other important function dependencies.
 Log stream allows you to annotate your function code with custom logging statements
which helps you to analyse the execution flow and performance of your Lambda
functions.
 AWS Lambda is a Platform as a Service (PaaS). It helps you to run and execute your
backend code.
 AWS EC2 Is an Infrastructure as a Service (laaS). It provides virtualized computing
resources.
 Deploy and manage the apps on AWS Cloud without worrying about the infrastructure
which runs those applications.
 AWS Lambda is used for running and executing your Back-end code. You can't use it to
deploy an application.
 AWS Lambda helps you for the ETL process.
 The best practice of Lambda function is to use the right "timeout.
 It is not appropriate to use AWS Lambda software packages or applications which rely
on calling underlying Windows RPCs
 AWS Lambda is a highly flexible tool.
 AWS Lambda tool is not suitable for small projects.
 A common event which will be triggered when you use AWS Lambda is Insert, updating
and deleting data Dynamo DB table.
 
  Prev
Report a Bug
 Next 

AWS Certification
Guide: Cost,
Courses, Salary,
Exam Details
What is AWS certification?
AWS Certification helps professionals to build credibility and confidence by validating
their cloud expertise with an industry-recognized credential. It helps skilled professionals
to obtain the various type of AWS certificate according to his/her skill.
Amazon offers a certification for different IT professionals like Cloud Practitioner,
Architect, Developer, and Operations roles. Moreover, it also provides certain Specialty
certifications to validate advanced skills in specific technical areas.
In this tutorial, you will learn:
 What is AWS certification?
 Benefits Of AWS Certificate
 Types Of AWS Certifications Courses
o AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
o AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate
o AWS Developer -Associate
o AWS sysops Administrator- Associate
o AWS solution Architect- Professional
o AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional
o AWS Certified Big Data – Specialty
o AWS Certified Advanced Networking – Specialty
o AWS Certified Security – Specialty
 Learning Objective Of AWS Certification
 How To Start For AWS Certification?
o Exam Content
 Current Salary for AWS Certified Professionals
Benefits Of AWS Certificate
Here are pros/benefits of AWS certificate.
 AWS Certification helps any professional to demonstrates their technical
expertise and advance their career
 It helps employers find skilled cloud professionals.
 AWS certification allows you to verify your technical understanding and skills.
 Helps to gain access to the AWS Certified LinkedIn Community.
 Allows you to gather latest knowledge about your domain
 Owning AWS certification open door for new opportunities
 Allows you to boost your self-esteem
 You can validate your skills and knowledge in the preeminent cloud computing
platform.
 Helps you to demonstrate credibility and dedication to your cloud computing
career path.
 It provides access to a network of like-minded peers and AWS thought-leaders.
 Allows you to leverage the AWS shared security responsibility model.
Types Of AWS Certifications Courses
Here, are some most important AWS certification which helps you boost your career.
 AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
 AWS Certified Developer – Associate
 AWS Certified SysOps Administrator – Associate
 AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate
 AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Professional
 AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional
 AWS Certified Big Data – Specialty
 AWS Certified Advanced Networking – Specialty
 AWS Certified Security – Specialty
Let's see each of AWS certification along with with exam its exam details:
AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
This certification course helps you to gain knowledge about various types of cloud
technology roles with a method to validate their AWS Cloud knowledge to enhance your
credibility as an IT professional.
Exam details:
 Prerequisites: Minimum of six months of general AWS cloud experience in any
role is recommended.
 Exam Format: Multiple choice questions
 Exam Duration: 90 minutes
 Exam Language: Available in English, Japanese, Korean, and Simplified Chinese
 Cost: 100 USD
After the End, of this course, you will learn,
 Understanding of most fundamental AWS architectural principles
 The value proposition of the AWS cloud
 Important AWS cloud services and their applications
 Underlying security and compliance and shared responsibility model for security
 Core cloud deployment and operating principles
AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate
It is an associate certification course which helps you to validate your ability to
effectively demonstrate knowledge of how to build and deploy a secure and robust
application using AWS technologies.
 Prerequisites: Knowledge and some experience in designing distributed
applications
 Format: Multiple choice questions and multiple answers
 Exam Duration: 130 minutes
 Cost: 150 $
After the End, of course, you will learn,
 About the network technologies and how they work in AWS and how client
interfaces connect to the AWS platform.
 AWS-related data security practices, disaster recovery methods, and
troubleshooting.
 You will also know the concept of to build secure and reliable applications on the
AWS platform.
 Deploying hybrid systems on-premises data center and AWS components
 This exam AWS course includes the design of highly available and scalable
systems and its implementation and deployment in AWS server.
AWS Developer -Associate
The AWS certified Developer is an associate exam. The course for this exam teaches you
how you can developer and maintaining AWS-based applications. You will able to learn
how to write actual code which used AWS software to in your business.
 Prerequisite: One or more years of hands-on experience using AWS.
 Format: Multiple choice and multiple answers
 Exam Duration: 130 minutes
 Exam Cost: $150
At the End of this course, you will learn,
 You will understand the underlying AWS architecture and the core AWS service
 Hands-on experience in designing, developing, deploying, and maintaining AWS
applications.
 AWS services like AWS databases, notifications, workflow services, and services
for storage and change management services.
AWS sysops Administrator- Associate
The AWS Certified SysOps Administrator Associate is only a certification exam which is
entirely geared toward system administrators. Passing this exam is quite tricky as you
need both technical expertise as well as conceptual understanding about the operational
aspect of the AWS platform.
Exam Details:
 Prerequisite: Previous experience as a Linux or Windows administrator will be a
plus.
 Format: Multiple choice and multiple answers
 Duration: 130 minutes
 Exam Cost: $150
 Exam Language: Available in English, Japanese, Korean, and Simplified Chinese
After the End of this course, you will learn,
 How to deploy applications for the AWS platform
 Learn how you can send and receive data between data centers and AWS
 Selecting the appropriate AWS services to meet the requirement of your business
 Provisioning, managing, maintaining, and securing systems in an AWS
environment
AWS solution Architect- Professional
A professional AWS architect is an AWS certification course for someone who needs to
evaluate an organization's demands and make architectural recommendations for
implementing and deploying applications on AWS.
Exam Details:
 Prerequisites: You should be Certified Solutions Architect – Associate to attain
this exam.
 At least two years of hands-on experience designing and deploying cloud
architecture on AWS and best practice knowledge of multi-application
architectural design is strongly recommended.
 Format: Multiple-choice, multiple-answer
 Time: 170 minutes
 Cost: 300 USD
After the End of this course, you will learn,
 Learn about best practices for architecting and the designing of applications on
AWS
 Techniques for migrating complex application systems to AWS
 Picking the right AWS service for the requirements of an application
 Knowledge of cost optimization strategies
AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional
The DevOps Engineer certification course is all about operating, managing, and build on
the AWS platform. The course mainly two fundamental concepts of Develops continuous
delivery and automation of processes.
Exam Details:
 Prerequisites: It is an associate-level certification and a minimum of five years of
relevant experience
 Format: Multiple-choice, multiple-answer
 Exam time: 170 Minutes
 Cost: 300 USD
At the End of this AWS certification, you will learn,
 The concept of continuous developer and modern CD methodologies
 Techniques for implementing CD systems
 Set up, monitoring, and logging and maintaining systems on AWS server
AWS Certified Big Data – Specialty
The AWS certified Big Data- specialty certification is suited for those who have a
background in data analytics and experience using various types of AWS service for
designing the most reliable big data solutions.
 Prerequisite: At least two years of hands-on experience using Amazon web
services.
 Exam Duration: 170 minutes
 Format: Multiple choice questions and multiple-answer
 Exam Fees: 300 USD
At the End of this AWS certification, you will learn,
 AWS Architecting best practices for implementing big data services solutions
offered by AWS
 AWS tools for automating data analysis
 You will learn how to access control to secure the data.
 The course covers how to design and to maintain big data applications.
 AWS services covered include: Kinesis, Athena, Quick sight, and Recognition
AWS Certified Advanced Networking – Specialty
This AWS certification course is designed to validate a candidate's skills and experience
in connection with performing complex networking tasks on AWS.
Exam Details:
 Prerequisite: Candidates should have a background in architecting and
implementing network solutions.
 Format: Multiple-choice and multiple-answer
 Duration: 170 minutes
 Exam Language: Available in English, Japanese, Korean, and Simplified Chinese
 Exam Cost: 300 USD
At the End of this AWS certification, you will learn,
 Designing, developing, and deploying AWS cloud solutions
 Implementing core services as per the architectural best practices
 Automation of AWS tasks for network deployments
 Security and compliance design and implementation
 Learn about network optimization and troubleshooting
AWS Certified Security – Specialty
The AWS security -the course covers topics that security pros and teams need to master
security fundamentals. It follows best practices and builds in-depth knowledge of key
services unique to the AWS platform.
It covers topics like protection and encryption, infrastructure security, access
management, monitoring, and logging, etc.
Exam Details:
 Prerequisite: At least two years hand-of-experience sourcing AWS workloads.
Security control for the workload on AWS. At least five years of experience of
designing and implementing security solutions
 Exam Format: Multiple choices, Multiple-answer
 Exam time; 170 minutes
 Exam Cost: 300 USD
 Exam Language: Available in English, Japanese, Korean, and Simplified Chinese
At the End of this AWS certification, you will learn,
 Concept of specialized data classifications and AWS data protection mechanisms.
 Helps you to understand data encryption methods and AWS mechanisms to
implement them.
 How to manage secure Internet protocols and AWS mechanisms for
implementation.
 You will able to take a right with regard to cost, security, and deployment
complexity given a set of application requirements.
 Implement logging and monitoring to detect and analyze security vulnerabilities
within your infrastructure
Learning Objective Of AWS Certification
Here, are the most important objective of learning AWS course:
 Allows you to Identify the security and compliance benefits of by using the AWS
Cloud.
 Allows you to understand the access control and management features of AWS.
 You can learn about data encryption methods to secure all types of sensitive data.
 Get knowledge about the important steps for managing various AWS resources.
 You can use AWS services to protect network security.
 You will get the knowledge about how to audit an AWS environment.
 Explain the AWS compliance and assurance programs.
 Formulate solution plans and learn about AWS architectural best practices
How To Start For AWS Certificaiton?
While there are not standard define steps to start AWS certification, below-given steps
are the most straight-forward.
Step 1)
 First of all, you need to Enroll yourself in an AWS training class.
 Select the desired module that you wants to take.
Step 2) Review all the available study materials and Exam Guides related to selected
AWS module.
Step 3) Read multiple AWS whitepapers. It offers plenty of crucial information regarding
topics. These hold some useful information, which may answer your questions.
Step 4) Next, you need to take regular practice. A practice test will help you to become
free of stress about the AWS certification exams.
Step 5) Schedule the final AWS certification exam once you are ready. It generally takes
around 80-120 hours of practice/studying to be prepared for the exam. However, it
depends on your experience and the certification course that you have selected.
Exam Preparation
These training courses and materials will help with exam preparation:
 Architecting on AWS instructor-led, live or virtual 3-day course
 AWS Whitepapers faws.amazon.com/whltepapers, Kindle.pdf, and Other
Materials
 Identify AWS services which help you to automate, monitor, and manage security
operations on AWS.
 AWS Well-Architected web page (various whitepapers linked)
Exam Content
There are mainly two types of questions on the examination:
 Multiple-choice: It has one correct and three incorrect responses
 Multiple-response: Has two correct responses out of five options.
Current Salary for AWS Certified
Professionals
Here, is the latest salary by AWS certificate in USA
 AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate: $121,292
 AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Professional: $142,160
 AWS Certified Developer – Associate: $114,148
 AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional: $118,395
 AWS Certified SysOps Administrator – Associate: $142,160
 
  Prev
Report a Bug
 Next 

Azure vs. AWS:

Key Differences
What is Azure?
Azure is an open source and flexible cloud platform which helps in development, service
hosting, service management, and data storage. The Azure cloud computing tool hosts
web applications over the internet with the help of Microsoft data centers.
In this tutorial, you will learn
 What is Azure?
 What is Aws?
 Comparison between Azure and AWS
 Popularity Index with Market Share
 Advantages of AWS
 Advantages of Azure
 Disadvantages of AWS
 Disadvantages of Azure
 Which one is better?
What is Aws?
Amazon Web Services is widely used secure cloud services platform, offering computing
power, content delivery, database storage, and other functionality to help businesses scale
and grow.
Comparison between Azure and AWS

Parameters AWS Azure

Launched Date Launched in 2006. Launched In 201

Market Share 31% Share of the global computing market 11% Share from

Availability Zone 61 Availability Zone 140 Availability

Storage services  S3  Blob Stor

 Buckets  Container
 EBS  Azure Dr
 SDB  Table Sto
 domains  Tables
 Easy to use  Storage S
 SQS
 CloudFront
 AWS Import/Export

Databases Services  MySQL  MS SQL

 Oracle  SQL Syn
 DynamoDB

Deployment  Amazon Web Services Cspkg (fancy zip

Services  Amazon Machine Instance (AMI) grained updates "
 Traditional Deployment Models
 Fine-grained updates
 Elastic Beanstalk
 Cloud Formation

Networking  IP/Elastic IP/ELB  Automati

Services  Virtual Private Cloud  Load-bala
 Route 53  Azure Co
 ELB  Balancing
 Firewall heavily configurable  Endpoints

Price Per hour- rounded up On-demand reser

Customers Adobe, Airbnb, Expedia, Yelp, Nokia, Netflix, Novartis. Pearson, 3M, Tow

Type of Cloud Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) Virtual Network

Connection type Direct Connect ExpressRoute

Pricing models  Free Tier  Free Trial

 Per Hour  Per Minu
 Free Trial Per Minute
 No change for stopped
 Pay for EBS volume

Government Cloud AWS has an edge as far as government cloud offerings. Limited reach for

Support for Hybrid Does not offers the best of hybrid cloud support. With Hybrid Clo
cloud instances.

Ecosystem AWS has a software marketplace with an extensive partner With very few Li
ecosystem.

Support for Big EBS storage is ideal for handling big data. Standard storage
Data premium storage

Maturity More mature cloud environment for big data. The less mature e

Machine access In AWS machine can be accessed separately. Machines are gro
name with variou

Salary The average salary for "AWD engineer" is approximately The average sala
$141,757 per year for Software Architect. $113,582 per yea
Key features Zero setups, Detail Monitoring, Auto-scaling groups. Startup friendly,

Long term data Allows long term data archiving and retrieval. Does not offer an
archiving

Security Security is provided using defined roles with permission control Provides security
feature.

Popularity Index with Market Share

Stack Overflow Questions AWS vs. Azure

AWS continues to dominate a global cloud-infrastructure services industry which is
likely to hit proximately $70 billion last year. Today, it enjoys market share which is
better than some top public cloud providers.
Goog
le Trends Azure vs. AWS
In the past year, Azure's cloud adoption rate is almost 85 percent that of AWS', up from
70 percent last year.
Advantages of AWS
Here, are significant advantages of adopting AWS cloud services:
 Compute Cloud allows you to increase or decrease storage according to the need
of your organization
 AWS enables you to select an operating system, programming language, database
of your choice.
 Broad & deep service offerings
 Robust partner ecosystem
 Trusted by high-profile customers
 High Transfer Stability
 Minimal information is lost during server and storage transfer
 Offers more data centers for availability and low latency
 Better DevOps support
 Simpler licensing method
 Stronger support for Bl and analytics
Advantages of Azure
Here, are some major advantages of using Azure cloud services:
 Capability for developers and users to create, maintain and deploy applications
 Fully scalable cloud computing platform offers open access across multiple
languages, frameworks, and tools
 Total support for Microsoft legacy apps
 Greater awareness of enterprise needs
 Easy one-click migrations in many cases
 Conversion of on-prem licenses to the cloud
 Support for mixed Linux/Windows environments
 Offers inbuilt tool like Azure stack to help the organization deliver Azure service
from the own data center
Disadvantages of AWS
Here, are few drawbacks of Amazon Web Services:
 Less hybrid- cloud-friendly
 AWS elastic load balancer is not equipped to handle as many requests as it
receives
 AWS lacks customer support, so it more suitable for a technically savvy group of
consumers and those companies who have their inbuild tech support team
 The number of choices offered by AWS is confusing to those who may not speak
the language of technology.
 Incompatible and Weak Hybrid Strategy
 AWS is a less open private cloud. This makes it an unpopular storage option for
sensitive industries like banking
 AWS has too many products which makes the selection process much harder
Disadvantages of Azure
The major Drawbacks of Azure cloud services are:
 Customer service is not transparent, and data is hosted globally. So, if you have
data restrictions where it must be stored in a specific country, at that time you
need to verify/specify with Microsoft
 You will be charged extra for paying as you go
 Azure cloud-based services are full of glitches. To fix these bugs, you will need to
spend additional money
 Less flexibility about non-Windows server platforms, when compared to AWS
Which one is better?
Microsoft Azure has increased its market share in the last couple of years, but not to an
extent where there is a real contest between the two companies at least for the near future.
Moreover, both companies introduce new products, new integrations, and new pricing
structures. Therefore, the final selection will be depend on the need of your organization.
KEY DIFFERENCE
 Both Azure and AWS supports hybrid cloud but Azure supports hybrid cloud
better.
 Azure offers express routes while AWS offers direct connection.
 Azure provides security by offering permissions on the whole account whereas
AWS security is provided using defined roles with permission control feature.
 Azure machines are grouped into cloud service and respond to the same domain
name with various ports whereas the AWS machine can be accessed separately.
 Azure has a virtual network cloud whereas AWS has Virtual Private Cloud.
 Azure has 140 availability zone whereas AWS has 61 availability zone.
 
  Prev
Report a Bug
 Next 

Heroku vs AWS:
10 Most Important
Differences You
Must Know!
What is AWS?
Amazon web service is a platform that offers flexible, reliable, scalable, easy-to-use and
cost-effective cloud computing solutions.
AWS has a massive collection of cloud services that build up a fully-fledged platform. It
is known as a powerhouse of storage, databases, analytics, networking and
deployment/delivery options offered to developers. AWS Cloud is available in 16
different geographic regions, and the number is increasing.
In this tutorial, we will learn,
 What is AWS?
 What is Heroku?
 Why use Heroku?
 Why choose Amazon Web Services?
 AWS vs. Heroku comparison table
 Disadvantages of Heroku
 Disadvantages of AWS
 The Verdict
What is Heroku?
Heroku is a cloud service provider and software development platform which facilitates
fast and effective building, deploying and scaling of web applications. It has 140 inbuilt
add-ons, ranging from alerts, analytic tools security services which are used for purpose
like monitoring, caching and mailing or networking add-ons.
The tool can provide you with built-in instant run-time application services. Moreover,
you don't need to think about infrastructure because it managed automatically by the
software itself. Heroku is owned by Salesforce.
Heroku is a Platform as a Service built on Top of AWS
Why use Heroku?

Stack Overflow Questions Heroku vs Amazon

Here are pros/benefits of using Heroku:
 Allows the developer to focus on code instead of infrastructure
 Enhance the productivity of cloud app development team
 Offers single billing for all projects broken down by team
 Monitor and enhance performance though rich application monitoring
 Helps your development, QA, and business stakeholders create a unified
dashboard.
 Support form Modern Open Source Languages
 High-performance Salesforce integration
 Simple Horizontal & Vertical Scalability
 Heroku operation and security team is instantly ready to help you 24/7
 Leading Platform tools and Services Ecosystem
 Helps you to focus on innovation, not operations
 The Heroku Enterprise architecture offers minimal or no downtime during the
system updates.
 Fast application lifecycle management and permissions
 Allows you to remove friction from the development
 Offers a powerful dashboard and CLI
 Integrates with familiar developer workflows
 Predictability and insight into the cost of application development and
maintenance
 A bunch of supportive tools
 Beginner and startup-friendly
 It allows you to create a new server in just 10 seconds by using the interface of
Heroku Command Line.
 This cloud computing platform takes care of patching systems and keeping
everything healthy.
 A range of automated functionalities including the scaling, configuration, setup,
and others
 Easy integration with other AWS products
 Medium learning curve
 Offers best-in-class Developer Experience
 Secure connectivity to Salesforce data to build a single view of the customer
 Flexibility to customize and support unique DevOps workflow needs
Why choose Amazon Web Services?
Goog
le Trends AWS vs. Heroku
Here are the pros/benefits of selecting AWS web services:
 You should opt for AWS when you have DevOps teams who can configure and
manage the infrastructure
 You have very little time to spend on the deployment of a new version of your
web or mobile app.
 AWS offers easy deployment process for an app
 AWS web service is an ideal option when your project needs high computing
power
 Helps you to improve the productivity of the application development team
 A range of automated functionalities including the configuration, scaling, setup,
and others
 Use AWS you have full control over the resources.
 AWS allows organizations to use the already familiar programming models,
operating systems, databases, and architectures.
 It is a cost-effective service that allows you to pay only for what you use, without
any up-front or long-term commitments.
 You will not require to spend money on running and maintaining data centers.
 Offers fast deployments
 You can easily add or remove capacity.
 You are allowed cloud access quickly with limitless capacity.
 Total Cost of Ownership is very low compared to any private/dedicated servers.
 Offers Centralized Billing and management
 Offers Hybrid Capabilities
 Allows you to deploy your application in multiple regions around the world with
just a few clicks
AWS vs. Heroku comparison table

Parameters Heroku
Owner Salesforce.com
Hosted on Amazon's data centers
Type of Service PaaS
Pricing Heroku costs $0.05 per hour.
Languages Node.js, Java, Ruby, PHP, Python, Go, Scala, Clojure
Geographic Regions Europe, USA, Australia, Japan, etc.

 Fully flexible runtime environment with smart containers (dynos) syste

 Allows manual horizontal and vertical scaling
Features  Allows you to roll back your database or code in no time.
 App monitoring system to keep track of metrics, like response time,
throughput, memory, etc.

Best for Startups, Medium Businesses, Large Enterprises

Companies using Toyota, Citrix, Westfield, Yesware, etc.
Complexity It's software some time too simple, even for professional developers.
 Heroku Command Line
Built-in Tools for  Heroku Application Metrics
Management and Monitoring  Heroku Connect
 Heroku Status
Heroku Service Level
Available for Enterprise projects
Agreements
Heroku offers you a ready-to-use environment which allows you to push your
Rapid deployment
code and make a few configuration changes to get your application running.
Need DevOps Engineer Not at all
Development of server The creation of a server is a simple process.
Computational demands Low
Disadvantages of Heroku
Here, are cons/drawbacks of using Heroku:
 Heroku dynos are frequently unreachable for various reasons
 Inbound and outbound latency is high.
 It offers low network performance.
 Heroku does not allow you to run any other services on dynos.
 To purchase additional dynos/workers, you need to pay $35 a month which is
quite costly.
 It proves to be expensive for large and high-traffic apps.
 Limited in types of instances
 Not ideally suited for heavy-computing projects.
Disadvantages of AWS

 Unreliable deployment with no error description

 AWS deployment process is not easy and very lengthy which can take up to 15 to
20 minute for a simple website
 AWS is not an ideal option for start-ups that are not tech-savvy
 Less frequent updates and new stack versions.
 You need to deploy your application yourself using recipes, Capistrano, or
manually.
 Launching multiple app instances is not an easy process in AWS.
The Verdict
Heroku and AWS both are excellent platforms. However, you need to understand what
kind of feature your organization needs and how much you are ready to pay for them.
You also need to ascertain the skills sets (especially DevOps) in your team before you
make a choice. The right platform is one which helps you achieve your business goal and
at the same time keeps your developers productive.
KEY DIFFERENCE
 Heroku is container-base cloud platform offering (PaaS) whereas AWS is a secure
cloud services platform providing IaaS, PaaS and SaaS.
 Heroku offers you a ready-to-use environment that allows you to deploy your
code fast whereas the deployment process of AWS service is quite complicated.
 Heroku is best suitable for Startups, Medium Businesses whereas AWS is mainly
focused on Medium Businesses and Large Enterprises.
 Heroku can meet low computational demands whereas AWS can meet high/very
high computational demands.
 Heroku doesn't needs infrastructure maintenance whereas AWS needs a dedicated
DevOps guy.
 Comparatively, Heroku supports less Geographical Regions.
 
  Prev
Report a Bug
 Next 

Digitalocean vs
AWS: 10 Most
Important
Differences You
Must Know!
What is DigitalOcean?
DigitalOcean is a simple cloud service provider. It has a simple set-up and very
affordable in price. It allows developers to accomplish a task like spinning up a
server(droplet) in a fraction of time it takes on other platforms.
In this tutorial, you will learn,
 What is DigitalOcean?
 What is AWS?
 Why DigitalOcean?
 Why Amazon?
 History of DigitalOcean
 History of Amazon
 DigitalOcean Vs. Amazon
 Disadvantages of DigitalOcean
 Disadvantages of AWS
 Who is the winner?
What is AWS?
Amazon Web Service(AWS) is a platform which offers flexible, reliable, scalable, easy-
to-use, and cost-effective cloud computing solutions.
Amazon Web Services is a huge collection of cloud-computing services that build up a
fully-fledged platform. It is known as a powerhouse of storage, databases, analytics,
networking, and deployment/delivery options for developers. AWS Cloud is available in
16 different geographic regions.
Why DigitalOcean?
Here, are the most prominent advantages/benefits for using DigitalOcean:
 Allows you to create multiple server instances using the same account
 Offers great performing servers
 Easy to set up and provides support of various operating systems
 DigitalOcean is an ideal option for those people who provide managed hosting
services for web applications or websites in shared environments
 Great tool for tech-savvy start-ups
 Works on What You See Is What You Pay model
 User-friendly management interface
 Pricing is very affordable and scalable
 Offers well documented FAQ and tutorials
Why Amazon?

Goo
gle Trends Digital ocean vs. AWS
 AWS Compute Cloud allows you to increase or decrease storage as per the
requirement of your organization
 AWS enables you to select an operating system, programming language, database
of your choice.
 Broad and deep service offerings
 Robust partner ecosystem
 Simple and transparent licensing method
 High network reliability with low latency
 Minimal information is lost during the process of server and storage transfer
 Better DevOps support
 Support for Business Intelligence and analytics
History of DigitalOcean
 In 2003, Moisey Uretsky and Ben founded ServerStack, a managed web hosting
business.
 In 2011 the Uretskys founded DigitalOcean. This firm offered server provisioning
and cloud hosting services.
 In August 2012, the company got traction and launched around 10,000 cloud
server instances.
 By May 2015, DigitalOcean expanded further with a new data center in Toronto,
Canada.
 In May 2018, the DigitalOcean announced the launch of Kubernetes-based
container service.
History of Amazon
 2002- A launch of AWS services
 2006- Launched its cloud products
 2015- Able to achieve revenues of $4.6 billion
 2016- Surpassed 10 billion dollar revenue target
 2016- Release snowball and snowmobile
 2019- Offers More than 100 cloud services
DigitalOcean Vs. Amazon

Parameters DigitalOcean Amazon

Focus area Developers andsmall applications Everybody w
Best feature Best pricing andquicker serverdeployments A high variet
Parameters DigitalOcean Amazon
DigitalOcean offers physical security in their data centers, which is a AWS has ple
Security plus. Their centers are secured infrastructures protected from physical GuardDuty w
threat to prevent unauthorized entry. also helps yo
DigitalOcean is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). It allows you to AWS is Platf
Type of Cloud
manage security, databases, and even operating system. services. It co
Compatibility With
Digitalocean is not compatible with Microsoft Windows OS. It works
Windows Operating Amazon EC2
only with predefined Linux installation.
System
If you are a D
Who it for? If you want a MySQL instance, then you should opt for DigitalOcean. have spare tim
right option f
Accepted forms of
Credit cards, Paypal. Only Credit C
Payment
Mobile Friendly UI Yes No
Company using the
Airbnb, Medium, Pinterest,Reddit,etc.
Technology
Key Features Auto-scaling, reliable, easy management. Simple dashb
Pricing Pricing starts from $5 to $640 per month for entry-level server Pricing starts

Disadvantages of DigitalOcean
Here, are cons/drawbacks of using DigitalOcean:
 You can't install the system by yourself or provide your ISO
 Security issues may occur with SSH host keys.
 Does not have a SAN but instead uses local storage in RAID
 DigitalOcean has fewer regions, compared to AWS.
 DigitalOcean does not offer any cloud computing instances that have GPUs.
Useful for AI, machine learning, and Data sciences training.
 Errors and bugs were not appropriately addressed.
Disadvantages of AWS
Here, are cons/drawbacks of using AWS services:
 AWS is not an ideal option for start-ups that are not tech-savvy
 Lots of hidden costs
 AWS best suited for companies who want a datacentre, not a server
 Less hybrid-cloud friendly. Incompatible and weak hybrid strategy
 Unreliable deployment with no error description
 Launching multiple app instances is not an easy process in AWS.
 AWS is a less open private cloud. This makes it an unpopular storage option for
sensitive industries like finance and banking.
 Customer Support is expensive.
Who is the winner?
In reality, DigitalOcean can't be considered a competitor of Amazon as its target market
is a small development team who wants to stage up small high-performance instance
quickly. Many select AWS because of its popularity.
However, If you are looking for a cost-effective cloud computing solution, then
DigitalOcean is undoubtedly the best option for you. But, if you want multiple tools for
your business, then you should opt for AWS services.
KEY DIFFERENCE
 DigitalOcean provides Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) whereas AWS provides
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a
Service (SaaS).
 DigitalOcean is a simple cloud service provider while Amazon Web
Service(AWS) is a platform that offers flexible, reliable, scalable, easy-to-use,
and cost-effective cloud computing solutions.
 DigitelOcean offers Auto-scaling, reliable, easy management, on the other hand,
AWS offers Simple dashboard, Great community, Easy Configuration and many
more.
 DigitalOcean is more suitable for developers and small applications while AWS is
suitable for big scalable applications.
 
  Prev
Report a Bug
 Next 

Google Cloud vs
AWS: (2020
Comparison)
What is AWS?
Amazon web service is a platform that offers flexible, reliable, scalable, easy-to-use, and
cost-effective cloud computing solutions.
AWS cloud computing platform offers a massive collection of cloud services that build
up a fully-fledged platform. It is known as a powerhouse of storage, databases, analytics,
networking, and deployment/delivery options offered to developers.
In this tutorial, you will learn
 What is AWS?
 What is Google Cloud?
 Why AWS?
 Why Google Cloud?
 Features of AWS
 Features of Google Cloud
 AWS vs. Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
 Disadvantages of AWS
 Disadvantages of Google Cloud
 How to Pick Your Cloud
What is Google Cloud?
Google launched the Google Cloud Platform(GCP) in 2011. This cloud computing
platform helps a business to grow and thrive. It also helps you to take advantage of
Google's infrastructure and providing them with services that is intelligent, secure, and
highly flexible.
Why AWS?

Stack overflow questions AWs vs. Google Cloud

Here are the important pros/benefits of selecting AWS web services:
 AWS offers easy deployment process for an app
 You should opt for AWS when you have DevOps teams who can configure and
manage the infrastructure
 You have very little time to spend on the deployment of a new version of your
web or mobile app.
 AWS web service is an ideal option when your project needs high computing
power
 Helps you to improve the productivity of the application development team
 A range of automated functionalities including the configuration, scaling, setup,
and others
 It is a cost-effective service that allows you to pay only for what you use, without
any up-front or long-term commitments.
 AWS allows organizations to use the already familiar programming models,
operating systems, databases, and architectures.
 You are allowed cloud access quickly with limitless capacity.
Why Google Cloud?

Goo
gle Trends Google Cloud vs. AWS
Here are the pros/benefits of selecting Google cloud services:
 Offers higher productivity gained through Quick Access to innovation
 Employees can work from Anywhere
 Future-Proof infrastructure
 It provides a serverless environment which allows you to connect cloud services
with a large focus mainly on the microservices architecture.
 Offers Powerful Data Analytics
 Cost-efficiency due to long-term discounts
 Big Data and Machine Learning products
 Offers Instance and payment configuration
Features of AWS
Important features of AWS are:
 Total Cost of Ownership is very low compared to any private/dedicated servers.
 Offers Centralized Billing and management
 Offers Hybrid Capabilities
 Allows you to deploy your application in multiple regions around the world with
just a few clicks
Features of Google Cloud
Important features of Google Cloud are:
 Constantly including more Language & OS.
 A better UI helps you to improves user experience.
 Offers an on-demand self-service
 Broad network access
 Resource pooling and Rapid elasticity
AWS vs. Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

Here are major differences between AWS and Google Cloud.

Parameters AWS Google Cloud
Age 11 years 6 years
Pricing Per hour basis Per-minute basis
AWS is a secure, cloud servicethe platform developed Google Cloud Platform is a
What is?
and managed byAmazon. services.
Containers Docker, Kubernetes Kubernetes Only
It dominates the public cloud market by offering a range It specializes in high compu
Best feature
of cloud-based products and services. scene.
The flagship compute service of AWSis Elastic Compute
Main service Google's primary service isC
Cloud, or EC2.
It's on a little higher end in terms ofcompute and storage
Cost It's a clear winner with itsco
costs.
Object Storing Amazon Simple Storage Services also called (AWS S3) Google Cloud Storage
VM disk storage Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) Persistent Disk (both HDD
File storage Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) Cloud Filestore
S3 One Zone- Infrequent Access. Amazon Glacier offers
Archive Storage Archival Cloud Storage.
data querying capabilities.
Parameters AWS Google Cloud
AWS Import/Export Disk: Shipping disk drives AWS
Snowball (device-based)
Nearline (low frequency)
Bulk Data Transfer AWS SnowMobile: Exabyte- scale data transfer via
Coldline (lowest frequency)
ruggedized shipping container AWS is the clear winner
herr.
AWS Storage Gateway offers managed virtual tape
Hybrid support Relies on partners such as E
infrastructure for a hybrid environment.
Disaster Recovery
Offers cloud-based disaster recovery services. Offers out-of-the-box DR o
Management
Backup Amazon S3 is used for secondary backup storage Has its own built-in Google
Serverless computing AWS Lamba Container Engine
Volume Sizes 500GB to 16TB 1 GB to 64 TB
Max IOPS per
500 3000 read 15000 write
volume
Google cloud used AI chips
AI service and AWS has its own Al service, called SageMaker.
Libraries. The speed andper
Machine Learning Compared to Google, the AI offering of AWS is limited.
services.
Networking
AWS has no tiered networking framework. GCP has its tiered networki
framework
Data transmission
In general format. In a fully encrypted format.
format
AWS has its own big data analysis tool which is called Google Cloud Platform has
Big data support
AWSLambda. servers.
Available zones AWS services are available in 21 different zones. Google Cloud Platform serv
Companies using AppDirect, Eat with Ava, Icarros, Valera, etc. Bugsnag, Atomcert, Policyg

Disadvantages of AWS
Here, are drawbacks/cons of using AWS cloud:
 AWS deployment process is not easy and very lengthy which can take up to 15 to
20 minute for a simple website
 Unreliable deployment with no error description
 AWS is not an ideal option for start-ups that are not tech-savvy
 You need to deploy your application yourself using recipes, capistrano, or
manually.
 Launching multiple app instances is a very difficult process in AWS.
Disadvantages of Google Cloud
Here, are drawbacks/cons of using Google Cloud:
 Small components, difficult to start
 Out of Free Tier, everything costs.
 Lacks features compared to AWS.
How to Pick Your Cloud
Google Cloud and AWS both are good platforms. So, before deciding you should
understand what type of feature your organization needs and how much you want to pay
for them. Remember that, the right cloud service provider helps you achieve your
business goal by enhancing the functioning of your organization. Since, AWS is the
market leader in features and reliability our vote will tilt towards them.
KEY DIFFERENCE
 Google Cloud is a suite of Google's public cloud computing resources & services
whereas AWS is a secure cloud service developed and managed by Amazon.
 Google Cloud offers Google Cloud Storage, while AWS offers Amazon Simple
Storage Services.
 In Google cloud services, data transmission is a fully encrypted format on the
other hand, in AWS, data transmission is in the general format.
 Google Cloud volume size is 1 GB to 64 TB while AWS volume size is 500 GB
to 16 TB.
 Google Cloud provides backup services, but AWS offers cloud-based disaster
recovery services.
 
  Prev
Report a Bug
 Next 

20 BEST AWS Competitors &

Alternatives in 2020
AWS is Amazon's cloud computing platform that offers fast, flexible,
reliable, and cost-effective solutions. It also offers a service in the form
of building blocks which can be used to create and deploy various types
of applications in the cloud.
However, AWS services set default limits on a resource which differ
from region to region. Also, hardware-level changes happen to your
application, which might not offer the best performance and usage of
your application.
Here, is a list of Top 20 AWS alternatives which are good enough to
replace AWS cloud computing services. This list consists of paid and
open-source tools with important features and the latest link.
1) Kamatera
A cloud server tool developed by Kamatera is very much similar to a
physical server. It operated in a virtual infrastructure cloud, making it
highly flexible and cost-effective. This cloud server pricing is based on
pay as you use model a standard in the industry.
Features:
 13 Data Centers across four continents for ultimate performance
and availability
 Customized and Tailored Made VPS Hosting to fit your needs
 Scalability: Allows you to quickly add load balancers, firewalls,
private networks and apps such as: pfSense, Docker, CPanel,
Drupal, Jenkins, WordPress, Magento, node.JS and many more.
 All SSDs with UNLIMITED TRAFFIC. 99.95% Up-Time
Guaranteed
 Scale across hundreds of servers in seconds
 Billing options – Per Month or Per Day
 24/7/365 Tech Human Support
 30 Day Free Trial to test the services

2) DigtialOcean

Digitalocean's droplet is a scalable computer service. It is more than just

virtual machines. This cloud platform offers add-on storage, security,
and monitoring capabilities to run production applications easily.
Features:
 Allows you to deploy your custom image, one-click app, or
standard distribution
 You can deploy Droplets and get a reliable connection and flat
pricing across 8 data center regions
 Option to select Standard Plans or Performance Plans according
to your business needs

3) Rackspace

Rackspace is another useful cloud computer service tool. It offers

services like hosting web applications, cloud files, cloud backup,
database, and cloud server, etc.
Features:
 Fast-migrating to the Cloud
 Helps you to prepare your business for the worst-case scenario
 Work on pay as you go model, so you are charged base on your
usage
 It helps you to use a combination of solid-state drives and hard
drives to deliver high performance

4) MassiveGrid
MassiveGrid offers Virtual and Dedicated Private Clouds. With Virtual
Private Clouds, helps users to have the flexibility to manage their
resources in their environment according to their business needs.
Features:
 Offers fast & reliable Network Infrastructure
 Private cloud clients a secure web control panel, it can be used
24x7x365 to manage their clouds
 Offers high availability services with building a state of the art
infrastructure
 Extremely Fast and dedicated Hardware

5) Alibaba Cloud

Alibaba is the largest Chinese cloud computing company. It is a new

platform which created a global footprint with over 1500 CDN Nodes
worldwide of 19 regions and 56 availability zones across more than 200
countries.
Features:
 Helps you to achieve faster results
 Helps you to protect and backup your data
 Full management permissions and multiple management methods
 Highly stable applications and reliable data storage

6) LiquidWeb

The liquid web offers cloud Sites which is a managed hosting platform

which offers creatives freedom to build and launch websites without the
need to learn cPanel or server management.
Features:
 It allows you to manage your sites quickly and effortlessly
 Host Unlimited Sites & Apps with a single Account
 Not require any server management skill
 The tool can easily be integrated with WordPress, Drupal, Joomla,
etc.

7) Microsoft Azure
Azure is a cloud computing platform which is launched by Microsoft in
February 2010. This open source and flexible cloud platform which
helps in development, data storage, service management & hosting
solutions.
Features:
 Windows Azure offers the most effective solution for your data
needs
 Provides scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness
 Offers consistency across clouds with familiar tools and resources
 Allow you to scale your IT resources up and down according to
your business needs
Download link: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-in/

8) Google Cloud Platform

Google Cloud is a set of solution and products which includes GCP & G
suite. It helps you to solve all kind of business challenges with ease.
Features:
 Allows you to scale with open, flexible technology
 Solve issues with accessible AI & data analytics
 Eliminate the need for installing costly servers
 Allows you to transform your business with a full suite of cloud-
based services
Download link: https://cloud.google.com/

9) VMware

VMware is a comprehensive cloud management platform. It helps you

to manage a hybrid environment running anything from traditional to
container workloads. The tools also allow you to maximize the profits of
your organization.
Features:
 Enterprise-ready Hybrid Cloud Management Platform
 Offers Private & Public Clouds
 Comprehensive reporting and analytics which improve the
capacity of forecasting & planning
 Offers additional integrations with 3rd parties and custom
applications, and tools.
 Provides flexible, Agile services
Download link: https://www.vmware.com/in/cloud-
services/infrastructure.html

10) Salesforce
Salesforce cloud computing offers multiple cloud services like Sales
Cloud, Service Cloud, Marketing Cloud, etc. Helps you to accelerate
production of your environment.
Features:
 Salesforce Service Cloud offers 24 * 7 support
 Allows you to take a right and decisive decisions about your
business
 Helps in managing the customer's contact information, automating
the business processes, etc.
https://www.salesforce.com/in/cloudcomputing/

11) Oracle Cloud

Oracle Cloud offers innovative and integrated cloud services. It helps

you to build, deploy, and manage workloads in the cloud or on
premises. Oracle Cloud also helps companies to transform their
business and reduce complexity.
Features:
 Oracle offers more options for where and how you make your
journey to the cloud
 Oracle helps you realize the importance of modern technologies
including Artificial intelligence, chatbots, machine learning, and
more
 Offers Next-generation mission-critical data management in the
cloud
 Oracle provides better visibility to unsanctioned apps and protects
against sophisticated cyber attacks
Download link: https://www.oracle.com/cloud/

12) Verizon Cloud

Verizon Cloud computing platform allows you to control your

infrastructure with advanced set-up and customization options from a
single user interface.
Features:
 Expand any workload quickly to help grow your business with less
risk
 Helps you to build the right cloud with performance, support, and
flexibility to make your business successful
 Allows you to select flexible service need according to your
organizations
 You can trim down the risk and retain the data integrity across the
apps
Download link: http://www.verizonenterprise.com/welcome-to-verizon-
cloud/

13) Navisite
NaviSite provide cloud services for enterprises and mid-sized
businesses by using the best IT technologies.
It offers a range of cloud service solutions like Cloud Infrastructure
services, Cloud desktop, and hosting services.
Features:
 NaviSite simplifies application management services which
include Managed Office 365 services
 It offers cloud-based Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) solutions
that include managed cloud and self-service cloud solutions
 It helps you to simplify desktop management and administration
Download link: https://www.navisite.com/

14) IBM Cloud

IBM cloud is a full stack cloud platform which spans public, private and
hybrid environments. It is built with a robust suite of advanced and AI
tools.
Features:
 IBM cloud offers infrastructure as a service (IaaS), software as a
service (SaaS) and platform as a service (PaaS)
 IBM Cloud is used to build pioneering which helps you to gain
value for your businesses
 It offers high performing cloud communications and services into
your IT environment
Download link: https://www.ibm.com/cloud/

15) OpenNebula

OpenNebula is a cloud computing platform. It allows you to manage

heterogeneously distributed data center infrastructures. It helps you to
manages the data center's virtual infrastructure to build private, public
and hybrid implementations.
Features:
 Easy to install, use, maintain, and operate
 Provides greater functionality for private & hybrid clouds
 Highly-scalable, reliable, and commercially supported
Download link: https://opennebula.org/

16) Pivotal
Pivotal cloud foundry which is shortly known as PCF is a proven digital
solution for businesses. It helps you to move faster toward a software-
driven future.
Features:
 Accelerate feature delivery
 Specially designed tool for zero-downtime deployments
 Helps you to reduce risk in your app portfolio
 Deliver enterprise SLAs (Service level agreement) at scale
Download link: https://pivotal.io/

17) CloudSigma

Cloudsigma is a flexible cloud server, and virtual private server hosting

solutions. It offers a straightforward and transparent approach for
pricing. You can easily stream at multiple gigabit speed from their cloud
servers.
Features:
 Helps you to achieve complete control and flexibility over your
cloud environment
 Allows you to mix & match all SSD and magnetic storage
 This cloud computing service tool is certified as compliant with the
highest ISO 27001 requirements for security and data privacy
Download link: https://www.cloudsigma.com/

18) Dell Cloud

Dell offers a cloud platform, cloud-enabled infrastructure, models, and

serves in a single place. It allows your own or selects from reference
architecture, integrated and public cloud platforms.
Features:
 Cloud that works with your existing operations
 Cloud consumption using Dell Financial Services
 Accelerate your transformation with expert cloud services
Download link: https://www.dellemc.com/en-us/cloud/hybrid-cloud
computing/index.htm

19) LimeStone
OnePortal Rapid is built with the latest open source technology to offer
fast, feature rich, highly scalable cloud platform.
Features:
 Helps you to build and deploy applications with standard
OpenStack based API libraries
 OpenStack Horizon web dashboard allows easy tracking and
managing your cloud
 Flexible billing method ensures you only pay for the resources you
use
 Scale quickly with additional compute and storage resource
Download link: https://www.limestonenetworks.com/cloud/servers.html

20) Quadranet:

If a cloud which was developed by Quadranet is fully scalable and

reliable cloud infrastructure, the tool is billed hourly based on your line
resource size which you can view a break down of the cost associated
with each resource.
Features:
 QuadraNet's uptime SLA comes default with all cloud
configurations
 The InfraCloud supports a wide variety of OS like CentOS to
FreeBSD to Windows
 The custom interface helps you to manage your InfraCloud
instances
Download link: https://www.quadranet.com/infracloud
 
  Prev
Report a Bug

AWS Tutorial
 1) What is AWS?
 2) Creating an Amazon EC2 instance
 3) Modifying the Amazon EC2 instance parameters
 4) What is AWS Lambda?
 5) AWS Certification Guide
 6) Azure vs. AWS
 7) Heroku Vs AWS
 8) Digitalocean Vs AWS
 9) Google Cloud Vs AWS
 10) AWS Competitors & Alternatives