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8051 Data Types: Data Types Size in Bits Data Range/Usage

There are several data types in C for the 8051 microcontroller including unsigned char, signed char, unsigned int, signed int, sbit, bit, and sfr. Unsigned char and signed char are 8-bit data types that can hold values from 0-255 and -128 to 127 respectively. Unsigned int and signed int are 16-bit data types that can hold values from 0-65535 and -32768 to 32767 respectively. Sbit is used for single bit addresses and sfr accesses 8-bit special function registers.

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3K views3 pages

8051 Data Types: Data Types Size in Bits Data Range/Usage

There are several data types in C for the 8051 microcontroller including unsigned char, signed char, unsigned int, signed int, sbit, bit, and sfr. Unsigned char and signed char are 8-bit data types that can hold values from 0-255 and -128 to 127 respectively. Unsigned int and signed int are 16-bit data types that can hold values from 0-65535 and -32768 to 32767 respectively. Sbit is used for single bit addresses and sfr accesses 8-bit special function registers.

Uploaded by

Girish Chaple
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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8051 DATA TYPES

There are various type of data types in C :

• unsigned char
• signed char
• unsigned int
• signed int
• sbit (single bit)
• bit and sfr

Data Types Size in bits Data Range/Usage


unsigned char 8 bit 0 to 225
signed char 8 bit -128 to +127
unsigned int 16 bit 0 to 65535
signed int 16 bit -32768 to +32767
sbit 1 bit SFR bit addressable only
bit 1 bit RAM bit addressable only
sfr 8 bit RAM addresses 80 – FFH only

unsigned char:

The character data type is the most common choice. 8051 is an 8-bit microcontroller and
unsigned char is also an 8-bit data type in the range of 0 – 255 (00 – FFH). C compilers use the
signed char as the default data types if we do not put the keyword unsigned char.

Example:

#include <reg51.h> // Header file of 8051

void main(void)

unsigned char i;

for (i=0;i<=255;i++)

P1=i;

}
Signed char :

The signed char is an 8-bit data type. signed char use the MSB D7 to represent – or +. signed
char give us values from –128 to +127.

We always use unsigned char in program until and unless we don’t need to represent signed
numbers for example Temperature.

Example :

//Singed numbers

#include <reg51.h> // Header file of 8051

void main(void)

{
char anynum[ ]={+1,-1,+2,-2,+3,-3,+4,-4};

unsigned char z;

for (z=0;z<=8;z++)

P1=anynum[z];
}

Unsigned int :

• The unsigned int is a 16-bit data type.


• Takes a value in the range of 0 to 65535 (0000 – FFFFH)
• Define 16-bit variables such as memory addresses
• Set counter values of more than 256
• Since registers and memory accesses are in 8-bit chunks, the misuse of int variables will
result in a larger hex file.

Example :

#include <reg51.h>

sbit MY_BIT=P1^0;

void main(void)

{ unsigned int z;

for (z=0;z<=50000;z++)

{ MY_BIT=0;

MY_BIT=1;
}
}
Signed int:

• Signed int is a 16-bit data type.


• use the MSB D15 to represent – or +.
• We have 15 bits for the magnitude of the number from –32768 to +32767.

Example :

#include <reg51.h> // Header file of 8051

void main(void)

char mynum[ ]={+1,-1,+2,-2,+3,-3,+4,-4};

signed int z;

for (z=0;z<=8;z++)

P1=mynum[z];

Bit and SFR :

The bit data type allows access to single bits of bit-addressable memory spaces 20 –2FH

To access the byte-size SFR registers, we use the sfr data type.

Example:

// sbit and sfr data type

#include<reg51.h> //Header file for 8051

sbit test=P1^0;

sfr PORT=0x80;

void main(void)

{
unsigned char i;

for (i=0;i<=255;i++)

{
PORT=i;

test=~test;
}
}

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