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Etabs Modifier For Crack Section

This document discusses modeling cracked concrete section properties in ETABS. It explains that shell or area elements have in-plane and out-of-plane stiffnesses that can be modified to represent cracking. For shear walls and beams/columns, the relevant stiffnesses - like flexural stiffness EI - should be reduced based on ACI code recommendations, such as using 0.35 for cracked sections. For slabs, both membrane and shell modeling can use a stiffness modifier of 0.25 to represent cracking in the out-of-plane direction.

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190 views1 page

Etabs Modifier For Crack Section

This document discusses modeling cracked concrete section properties in ETABS. It explains that shell or area elements have in-plane and out-of-plane stiffnesses that can be modified to represent cracking. For shear walls and beams/columns, the relevant stiffnesses - like flexural stiffness EI - should be reduced based on ACI code recommendations, such as using 0.35 for cracked sections. For slabs, both membrane and shell modeling can use a stiffness modifier of 0.25 to represent cracking in the out-of-plane direction.

Uploaded by

intimate4life
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Modeling concrete cracked section properties for building analysis

Created by Truly Guzman, last modified on Jun 15, 2017

In ETABS, shell or area element has two types of stiffnesses i.e. inplane stiffness refers as f11, f22 and f12 and out-of-plane stiffness refers as m11, m22 and m12. Refer to the below
Figure which shows the direction of local axes and their corresponding stiffnesses:

F-MIN
Axis 2 �F-�

j3

Forces are per unit


✓�
Axis 1
of in-plane length

F22 \
F12

-0-"'
j4
Transverse Shear (not shown)

\
Positive transverse shear forces and
stresses acting on positive faces
point toward the viewer

j1 j2
STRESSES AND MEMBRANE FORCES

Stress Slj Has Same Definition as Force Fij

Axis2

j3

Moments are per unit


of in-plane length Axis 1
1M11

\ M12

--0�
j4

M12 \

j1 j2

PlATE BENDING AND TWISTING MOMENTS

Figure
Shell Element Stresses and Internal Resultant Forces and Moments
For shear wall (both piers and spandrels), the flexural and axial behavior is modified by either 111 or 122 depending on the orientation of the local axis and the shear behavior is controlled
by 112. In column and code terms 111 or 122 would correspond to modifications of El or EA and f12 would correspond to modifications to GAshear· The code recommendations in Section
10.10 of ACI 318 code are related to slenderness effects where flexural deformations govern so they have recommended modifying El (corresponding to 111 or 122 for shear walls). There
is no recommendation about reducing the GAshear· You should, however, note that some of our users use modifiers for 112 also, where they expect deterioration of shear stiffness and
want to be realistic in their modeling.

The above discussion applies assuming the local axes 1 and 2 of the shear wall area object are either vertical or horizontal. This is under user control. When drawing in ETA BS the
default is to have the 1 axis horizontal and the 2 axis vertical. This means that the flexural modifier for El should be applied to f22 for wall piers and to 111 for spandrels. If you apply the
modifier to both f11 and 122 it hardly affects the results.
For slabs where bending is always in the out-of-plane direction, modifiers m11, m22 and m12 are required to model cracking behavior.
Summary
Assuming beams and columns are modeled as frame then the stiffness modifier table is as follows:

ACI ETABS

Beams........................................0.35*1g 122 = 133 = 0.35


Columns....................................O.70*1g 122 = 133 = 0.70
Walls-Uncracked .................0.70*1g modeled as shell - 111, 122 = 0.70
Walls-Cracked......................0.35*1g similar to Walls-Uncracked (with modifiers of 0.35)

NOTE:
Walls are generally not designed for out-of-plane bending to avoid excessive longitudinal reinforcement. In this case, use a small modifier say 0.1 for m11, m22 and m12 so numerical
instabilities could be avoided. However, use m11, m22, m12 = 0. 70 (or 0.35) when considering the out-of-plane bending in wall.

Flat Plates & Flat Slabs....0.25*Ig modeled as membrane - f11, f22, f12 = 0.25 / modeled as shell - f11, f22, f12, m11, m22, m12 = 0.25 (for both cases fxx is not important
if rigid diaphragm is assigned)

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