Hall Ticket No Question Paper Code: ACEB14

INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

(Autonomous)
Dundigal, Hyderabad - 500 043

MODEL QUESTION PAPER - II

B. Tech V Semester End Examinations, November - 2020
Regulations: R18
HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer ONE Question from each Module
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
All parts of the question must be answered in one place only

MODULE – I
1. a) Classify the different types of minor losses that occurs in a closed pipe with formulas [7M]
and a neat sketch.
b) The rate of flow of water through a horizontal pipe is 0.25 m3/s. The diameter of the [7M]
pipe which is 200 mm is suddenly enlarged to 400 mm. The pressure intensity in the
smaller pipe is 11.772 N/cm2. Determine: loss of head due to sudden enlargement,
pressure intensity in the large pipe, and power lost due to enlargement.
2. a) Mention the procedure to determine the hydraulic parameters using dead end method [7M]
along with advantages and disadvantages.
b) Calculate the discharge in each pipe of the network shown in following figure using [7M]
Hardy - Cross method. The pipe network consists of five pipes. The head loss h f in a
pipe is given by hf=rQ2. The values of r for various pipes and also the inflow or
outflows at nodes are shown in the figure.

MODULE– II
3. a) Derive the expression for the ratio of maximum velocity to average velocity and also [7M]
Hagen Poiseuille equation when the flow takes place through a horizontal circular pipe
for a laminar flow.
b) A crude oil of viscosity 0.85 poise and relative density 0.9 is flowing through a [7M]
horizontal circular pipe of diameter 125 mm and of length 12 m. Calculate the
difference of pressure at the two ends of the pipe, if 110 kg of the oil is collected in a
tank in 45 seconds.
4. a) Derive the expression for the shear stress and velocity rofile, if the flow is turbulent [7M]
and flow takes places through a horizontal circular pipe.
b) The viscosity of a liquid is determined by rotating cylinder method, in which case the [7M]
inner cylinder of diameter 20 cm is stationary. The outer cylinder of diameter 15.5 cm,
contains the liquid up to a height of 28 cm. The clearance at the bottom of the two
cylinders is 0.5 cm. The outer cylinder is rotated at 370 r.p.m. The torque registered on
the torsion meter attached to the inner cylinder is 5.886 Nm. Find the viscosity of
1
fluid.
MODULE – III
5. a) State the characteristics of boundary layer with a neat sketch and also mention the [7M]
methods of separating the boundary layer.
b) Determine the magnitudes of displacement thickness, the momentum thickness, and [7M]
energy thickness for the velocity distribution in the boundary layer
u y 2 y
U
=2
δ
−() ()
δ
6. a) [7M]
Derive the Von Karman momentum integral equation for boundary layer flows.
b) The velocity profile shown below [7M]
2
u y y
U
=2
δ
− ()()
δ
find the thickness of boundary layer at the end of the plate and the drag force on one
side of a plate 1.5 m long and 1.0 m wide when placed in water flowing with a
velocity of 125 mm per second. Calculate the value of co-efficient of drag also. Take
𝝁 for water = 0.01 poise.
MODULE – IV
7. a) Derive the expression for the velocity of the flow through an open channel using [7M]
Chezy’s formula and mention the assumptions made in the derivation of the equation.
b) A flow of water of 150 liters per second flows down in a rectangular flume of width [7M]
500 mm and having adjustable bottom slope. If Chezy's constant C is 58, find the
bottom slope necessary for uniform flow with a depth of flow of 250 mm. Also find
the conveyance K of the flume.
8. a) Derive the relation between the hydraulic depth and depth of the flow for the most [7M]
economical section of a trapezoidal channel section.
b) A trapezoidal channel has side slopes of 3 horizontal to 4 vertical and slope of its [7M]
bed is 1 in 2000. Determine the optimum dimensions of the channel, if it is to carry
water at 0.5 m3/s. Take Chezy's constant as 80.

MODULE – V
9. a) Derive the expressions for the critical velocity (V c)and critical depth (hc) and thus [7M]
estimate the minimum specific energy in terms of critical depth in an open channel
flow for non-uniform flow in open channels.
b) The discharge of water through a rectangular channel of width 8 m, is 15 m 3/s, when [7M]
depth of flow of water is 1.85 m. Calculate:
(i) Specific energy of the flowing water,
(ii) Critical depth and critical velocity,
(iii) Value of minimum specific energy.
10. a) Derive the expression for the depth of hydraulic jump and loss of jump in terms of [7M]
Froude number.
b) A hydraulic jump forms at the downstream end of spillway carrying 17.93 m 3/s [7M]
discharge. If the depth before jump is 0.80 m, determine the depth after the jump and
energy loss.

2
3
MAPPING OF COURSE OUTCOMES WITH
SEMESTER END EXAMINATION (SEE) MODEL QUESTION PAPER

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

The course should enable the students to:

The principles of Fluid Mechanics for design and analysis of different geometrical
I
configurations in both laminar and turbulent flows.
The estimation of lift and drag forces for various shapes using boundary layer theory and
II
approximate numerical solution methods.
The fundamentals concepts of an open channel flow, their relationships by applying fluid
III
properties, hydrostatics, and the conservation equations.
The design of open channels, energy dissipaters and hydraulic structures for uniform and
IV
gradually varied conditions.

COURSE OUTCOMES (COs):

After successful completion of the course, students should be able to:

After successful completion of the course students are able to:

Knowledge Level
Course Outcomes (Bloom’s
Taxonomy)
CO 1 Recall basic fluid properties and identify appropriate fluid systems Remember
for analysis of the flow in closed pipes.
CO 2 Explain the principles and governing equations of pressure and shear Understand
stress for predicting the behavior of fluid flow.
CO 3 Summarise the methods for analysis, design of pipe networks such as Understand
the Dead-end method, equivalent pipe method, and Hardy Cross
method and using advanced softwares for the effective distribution of
potable water.
CO 4 Choose the types of flows such as laminar, turbulent, uniform, and Apply
non-uniform flows for understanding the mechanism and the relation
of various flow parameters.
CO 5 Explain the concept of Stoke’s law to measure viscosity using Understand
Moody’s chart for the determination of resistance to the flow of fluid.
CO 6 Apply the concept of boundary layer and viscosity theorem to avoid Apply
flow separation problems.
CO 7 Analyse the lift and drag forces on different shapes of the objects Analyse
using various methods applicable for the separation of the boundary
layer.
CO 8 Explain the differences between lined, unlined canals, and uniform, Understand
non – uniform flows for the designing of open channels.
CO 9 Summarize the geometrical properties of the open channels and Understand
establish the relationships among them for the designing of the most
economical sections.
CO 10 Outline the ideas and importance of critical flow parameters such as Understand
4
After successful completion of the course students are able to:
Knowledge Level
Course Outcomes (Bloom’s
Taxonomy)
specific energy, specific force, and specific depth for classification of
surface profiles in gradually varied flows.
CO 11 Interpret various energy losses that occur through Hydraulic jump Understand
for designing the downstream of hydraulic structures.
CO 12 Apply the concept of engineering knowledge and solve real-world Apply
problems in conjunction with improved technologies for the designing
of effective fluid flow systems.

MAPPING OF SEMESTER END EXAMINATION QUESTIONS TO COURSE OUTCOMES:

Blooms Course
Question
All questions carry equal marks Taxonomy Outcome POs
No
Level s
1 a State the assumptions made in the derivation of Darcy’s Remember CO 1 PO 1
– Weisbach equation and derive the expression for the
estimation of head loss through friction.
b Calculate the discharge through a pipe of diameter 250 Understand CO 2 PO 1
mm when the difference of pressure head between the
two ends of a pipe 450 m apart is 5.5 m of water. Take
the value of f = 0.005. Use Darcy’s – Weisbach
formula.
2 a Describe the procedure for the estimation of discharge Remember CO 1 PO 2
and head losses when the pipes are connected through
series and parallel connections with a neat sketch. Also
write the equation for the calculation of effective length
of the compound pipe.
b Two pipes have a length L each. One of them has a Understand CO 3 PO 1
diameter D, and the other a diameter d. If the pipes are
arranged in parallel, the toss of head, when a total
quantity of water Q flows through them is h, but, if the
pipes are arranged in series and the same quantity Q
d
flows through them, the loss of head is H. If D= ,
4
find the ratio of H to h, neglecting secondary losses and
assuming the pipe co-efficient f has a constant value.
3 a Derive the expressions for the magnitudes of shear Remember CO 4 PO 1
stress and velocity when the flow takes place through a
closed pipe. Assume the flow is laminar and also sketch
the profiles of shear stress and velocity by mentioning
the conditions of maximum and minimum at both the
boundary conditions and at the center of the pipe.
b Determine the pressure gradient, the shear stress at the Understand CO 5 PO 1
two horizontal parallel plates and the discharge per
meter width for the laminar flow of glycerin with a
maximum velocity of 1.85 m/s between two horizontal
parallel fixed plates which are 150 mm apart. Given

5
𝝁 = 2.32 N s/m2.
4 a State the Stoke’s law with the help of the formula and Remember CO 5 PO 1
explain the procedure for the determination of viscosity
using the falling sphere method with a neat skecth.
b A sphere of diameter 1.25 mm falls through 450 m in Remember CO 5 PO 1
150 seconds in a viscous fluid. If the relative densities PO 2
of the sphere and the liquid are 6.57 and 0.84
respectively. Determine the dynamic viscosity and
kinematic viscosity of the liquid.
5 a Define boundary layer thickness, displacement Understand CO 6 PO 1
thickness, momentum thickness and energy thickness
with the help of formulas.
b Find the displacement thickness, the momentum Apply CO 6 PO 2
thickness and energy thickness for the velocity profile
u y y 2
U
=2.5
δ
− ()()
δ
where u is the velocity at a distance

y, from the plate and u = U at y = δ, where δ =

boundary layer thickness. Also calculate the value of
δ¿
.
θ
6 a Discuss in detail about the behavior of laminar sub Understand CO 7 PO 1
layer over smooth and rough boundaries over the given
boundary layer.
b Determine shear stress, drag force and co-efficient of Apply CO 8 PO 2
drag in terms of Reynold number for the given velocity PO 4
u y y 3
profile
U
=2.5() ()
δ
−0.5
δ
.
7 a Enumerate the differences between the flow in open Understand CO 9 PO 1
channel and closed pipes. Also derive the conditions for
the most economical section of a rectangular channel
with the help of a neat sketch.
b A rectangular channel 3.25 m wide has depth of water Analyze CO 10 PO 2
2.00 m. The slope of the bed of the channel is 1 in 1200 PO 4
and value of Chezy's constant C = 62. It is desired to
increase the discharge to a maximum by changing the
dimensions of the section for constant area of cross-
section, slope of the bed and roughness of the channel.
Find the new dimensions of the channel and increase in
discharge.
8 a Mentioning the basic geometrical properties of Remember CO 10 PO 1
rectangular, circular and trapezoidal cross sections with
the help of neat sketches and also plot a velocity
distribution diagram for a typical open channel.
b A trapezoidal channel with side slopes of 1 to 4 has to Apply CO 10 PO 1
be designed to convey 12.5 m3/s at a velocity of 1.85 PO 2
m/s so that the amount of concrete lining for the bed
and sides is the minimum. Calculate the area of lining
required for one-meter length of canal.

6
9 a Define the terms specific energy a plot the specific Remember CO 11 PO 1
energy curve by mentioning curve in detail.

b The discharge of water through a rectangular channel of Apply CO 12 PO 1/PO 2

width 6 m, is 18 m3/s when depth of flow of water is
1.75 m. Calculate: energy of the flowing water, critical
depth and critical velocity and value of minimum
specific energy.
10 a Remember CO 11 PO 1
Derive the expression for the loss of energy due to
hydraulic jump.
b A sluice gate discharges water into a horizontal Analyze CO 12 PO 2
rectangular channel with a velocity of 6.5 m/s and of PO 4
flow is 0.5 m. The width of the channel is 6 m.
Determine whether a hydraulic jump will occur, and if
so, find its height and loss of energy per kg of water.
Also determine the horse power lost in the hydraulic
jump.

KNOWLEDGE COMPETENCY LEVELS OF MODEL QUESTION PAPER:

9
8
7
6
5
Count

4
3
2
1
0
Remember Understand Apply Analyse Evaluate Create
Blooms Taxonomy level

Signature of Course Coordinator HOD, CE

Mr. Ch. V. S. S. Sudheer, Assistant Professor