SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Introduction To The
PhilosophyOf The
Human Person
Module 4 - Quarter 1
The Human Person in their Environment

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 1: The Human Person in their Environment First Edition,
2020

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Introduction To The
Philosophy Of The
Human Person
Module 4 - Quarter 1
The Human Person in their Environment

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or
universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education at [email protected] .

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

ii

iii
Table of Contents

Page No.
Cover Page
Table of Contents
Overview 1
General Instructions 1
Lesson 4: The Human Person in their Environment 2
What I Need to Know 2
What I Know 2
What’s In 4
Activity 4 7
Additional Activity 8
What Is It 9
What I Can Do 10
What Is It 11
What I Can Do 12
What Is It 12
What I Can Do 14
Assessment 16
Answer Key 18
Reference 18
iv
OVERVIEW
Good day learners! Congratulations on making it this far in Introduction to the
Philosophy of the Human Person. We continue now with the next topic at hand, the Human
Person in their Environment. In this module, we will explore the connection of the human
person and their environment as well as the substantial roles of the human person in
maintaining the well being and sustainable development of the environment where he/she
lives in. Afterwards, we will test how far you have understood the lesson through short tests
as well as reflective activities.

Specifically, this module consists of the following lessons: 

Lesson 1: The Human Person in their Environment

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
For the learners: encouraged to do the following (you
To be guided in achieving the objectives may edit this part):
of this module, do the following: 1. Clearly communicate learning
1. Read and follow instructions competencies and objectives
carefully. 2. Motivate through applications
2. Write all your ANSWERS in your and connections to real life.
PHILOSOPHY ACTIVITY 3. Give applications of the theory
NOTEBOOK. 4. Discuss worked-out examples
3. Answer the pretest before going 5. Give time for hands-on unguided
through the lessons. classroom work and
4. Take note and record points for discovery
clarification. 6. Use formative assessment to
5. Compare your answers against give feedback
the key to answers found at the 7. Introduce extensions or
end of the module. generalizations of concepts
6. Do the activities and fully 8. Engage in reflection questions
understand each lesson. 9. Encourage analysis through
7. Answer the self-check to monitor higher order thinking prompts
what you learned in each lesson. 10. Provide alternative formats for
8. Answer the posttest after you student work
have gone over all the lessons. 11. Remind learners to write their
answers in their Philosophy
For the teacher: Activity Notebook
To facilitate and ensure the students’
learning from this module, you are

Lesson The Human Person in

1
4 their Environment
John Donne: “No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of
the continent, a part of the main.”

This means that as human person, it is our responsibility to treat a person

with respect not only our fellow humans but also everything in this world.
Humankind is a part of the world, and we significantly affect our environment in
the same manner of what that changes in our environment affect us.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?

By the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. notice disorder in the environment;
2. notice things that are not in their proper
place and organize them in an aesthetic
way;
3. show that care for the environment contributes to health, well-being
and sustainable development; and
4. demonstrate the virtues of prudence and thriftiness towards the
environment.

WHAT I KNOW
PRE-TEST
Directions: Read each item carefully and choose
the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper or in your
notebook.

1. What is environment
A. philosophy? Discipline that studies the moral
relationship of human beings with the environment and its non-human contents.
B. Is part of the world, and we significantly affect in environment.
C. Significantly role of humankind in the world.
D. Extends intrinsic value and moral consideration to higher forms of
animals

2
2. It believes that humans are not the only significant species on the planet.
A. Anthropocentrism
B. Panthocentrism
C. Biocentrism
D. Ecocentrism

3. A science that deals with the relationships between groups of living things
and their environments.
A. Anthropocentrism
B. Ecology
C. Ecofeminism
D. Ecocentrism

4. What is a flame in cyberspace?

A. A person who follows the rules of Netiquette.
B. An expert programmer.
C. An online chain letter.
D. A post or email message that expresses a strong opinion or criticism.

5. Knowledge and understanding of netiquette is useful because

___________ A. it helps you create a positive impression on those you
meet in cyberspace.
B. it explains some of the technical limitations of online communications.
C. it explains the conventions already being used by millions of
cybernauts.
D. All of the above.

6. What type of online threat happens when an attacker uses electronic

devices to do unwanted surveillance against its victim?
A. Cyberbullying B. Phising C. Spamming D. Cyberstalking

7. What type of online threat happens when the attacker impersonates

another individual or organization to gather personal or business
information?
A. Cyberstalking B. Spoofing C. Scamming D. Pharming

8. What type of information should you avoid giving when using the internet?
A. Phone number B. Profile Picture C. Shirt Size D. Religion

9. What is the golden rule of netiquette?

A. Remember the human. C. Use correct grammar.
B. Put a smiley in every message. D. Respect people’s time.

10.You get an email telling you that you won a hundred thousand without
joining in a competition. You should ____________.
A. Claim the prize. C. Return the email with response.

3
B. Ignore the email. D. Send rude message as revenge
WHAT’S IN?
Lesson 4.1.1: Notice things that are not in
their proper place and organize them in an
aesthetic way Listen and sing the song
together.

Examine the following pictures below then listen

and sing
the song together. You can watch video clips and use it as a guide. After singing
it then discuss:

“Wala ka bang napapansin sa iyong mga kapaligiran?

Kay dumi na ng hangin, pati na ang mga ilog natin. Hindi nga masama ang
pagunlad at malayo-layo na rin ang ating narrating…”
–ASIN

https://philonotes.com/index.php/the-human-person-and-the-environment/

4
1. Hold each others hands and share with the persons in your right and left
show your visions or how do you imagine the world to be.

What signs of disorder in the environment do you see?

 What is the world made of?
 How did the world come into being?
 How can we explain the process of change?
 How did the song regard the environment?
 How did the song see the human person in the environment?
 What is the tone of the song?
 Which lyrics serve as most meaningful? Why?
Environmental philosophy is the discipline that studies the moral relationships
of human beings with the environment and its non-human contents. Philosophers
believe that the human person has the ability to change the environment to suit
his purposes. It will enable them to become aware of their relationship and its
related issues in our society and their impact on the lives of human persons.

“What is the world made of?” “How did the world come into being?” and
“How can we explain the process of change?” were philosophical questions
already brought up approximately 600 B.C.E. (before the common era) in the
Western lonian seaport town of Miletus across the Aegean Sea from Athens,
Greece.
The speculation of the pre-Socratic philosophers represents a paradigm
shift- a change from mythical explanation of the origins of the cosmos to a more
rational explanation.
Eastern sages probed nature’s depths intuitively through the eyes of
spiritual sages which Greek thinkers viewed nature through cognitive and
scientific eyes (Price 2000). These thinkers were looking for the underlying laws
of nature. They wanted to understand the processes of nature by studying
nature itself, not by listening to the stories about the gods.
According to Payne (2010) there are two frameworks where humans can
be related.

5
1. Anthropocentric Model. Based on the anthropocentric model,
humans are superior and central to the universe, thus, it is human
centered.

https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/hu man-person-in-the-
environment

2. Ecocentric Model.
It is the ecological or relational integrity of the humans that provides
meaning of our morals and values and it is nature centered.
Devoted to preserving the totality of Earth’s
biodiversity and the functioning of its life –supporting system
Global Warming

https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Feurope.chin

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/727190671065965732/ adaily.com.

6
https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/nuclear-techniques-help-reveal- https://missionsbox.org/news/facing-famine-crisis-in-yemen/ high-rate-of-soil-erosion-in-benin

environment

Ecocentric Model

Econcentric model, the ecological or relational integrity of the humans

provides meaning of our morals and values and it is nature centered.
Devoted to preserving the totality of Earth’s biodiversity and the functioning
of it’s life supporting system.

Nature •
• Wild
• Holism
• Body
• Relational
• Earth/Wisdom
• Ecology over / against human
What I can do?

https://www.bestsayingsquotes.com/quote/we-wont-have-a-society-if-we-destroy-the environment-
4104.html

ACTIVITY 4.0: Human Person in their Environment

DIRECTIONS: Interview a person who is 45-60 years old. Be guided by the
following questions:

7
1. What are the things that you remember in your environment when you
were my age?
__________________________________________________________
____

2. What were the things that you like doing when you were young?
__________________________________________________________
____
3. What are the positive and negative changes in the environment?
______________________________________________________________

4. Do you think environment plays a vital role in a person’s development?

Why or why not?
______________________________________________________________

5. Distinguish the ecocentric from the anthropocentric models. Cite

examples.
_____________________________________________________________

6. How do humans react to nature? Explain. In what way are your answers
positive or negative?

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 4.1 Notice disorder in the universe

DIRECTIONS: Interactive work: Write your

answer in your notebook.
1. In your opinion, how can we protect, conserve and restore our
environment? You can further assess your answer by planning a nature
walk or gardening.
a. How can you promote the human person in the environment
through nature walk or gardening?

8
b. Design: Conceptualize your designs if you will choose gardening. If
you choose nature walk, your teacher must suggest safe place
such as La Mesa Dam, etc.
2. Based on the previous images, what could be improper? Are you happy
with what you see or experience in nature? How will you organize or
improve the environment or world that you
belong to?
WHAT IS IT?
Lesson 4.2. Notice things
that are not in their proper
place and organize them in
an aesthetic way

A. Ancient Thinkers
Anaximander a pre-Socratic philosopher and scientist
said about the creation-Destruction. According to him,
the sketch of the genesis of the world (cosmology), the
evolution of the world begins with the generation of
opposites in certain region Nature. Nature is
indeterminate-boundless in the sense that no
boundaries between the warm and or the moist and dry
regions are originally present within.

https://www.philosophybasics.com/philosophers_an
aximander.html

9
B. Modern Thinker

Herbert Marcuse
said about the power of humans over nature, while George Herbert Mead tackled
about our duties and responsibilities.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Herb
ert-Marcuse

WHAT I CAN DO?

ACTIVITY 4.2.2 Notice things that are not in their
proper place and organize them in an aesthetic
way

DIRECTIONS: Interactive work: Write your

answer in your notebook.
1. Discussion: Compare the importance of nature from past to present.
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2. Self-review: Study the ecocentric model and evaluate
your personal understandings and attitudes towards environment.
3. Visually guided learning:
A. In groups, answer how you can organize the following images
in a more aesthetic way.
B. Draw and share to class. You must be able to discuss your
drawing in class.
C. Consider how you can form the images in an aesthetic way:

11
WHAT IS IT?
Lesson 4.3. Show that care for the environment
contributes to health, well being and
sustainable development
There are numerous theories to show care for the
environment aside from the ecocentric model such as deep
ecology, social ecology and ecofeminism to name some.

https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimage.slidesharecdn.com

https://www.slideshare.net/Christin

12
451335-news-photo/55758320

https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment

WHAT I CAN DO?

ACTIVITY 4.3. Show that care for the environment
contributesto health, well-being and
sustainable development

DIRECTIONS: Three minutes’ essay: Write your

thoughts regarding these passages of this section.
For each passage below you are given three minutes
to complete the task.
a. The controlling attitude of humankind is extended to nature, when in
fact, humanity is part of nature.
b. Destroying nature is a reflection wherein few people overpower
others while exploiting the environment for profit or self-interest.
c. Fromm argues that as humans, it is also inherent in us to escape the
prison cell of selfishness.

WHAT IS IT?
Lesson 4.4. Demonstrate the virtues of prudence
and frugality towards environment
A self-supporting college student works part-
time as a service crew to be able to fund his
education. He earns PhP2,000.00 more than
what he needs to pay for monthly

13
expenses. With this extra money, he could have bought the expensive watch he
always wanted. Thinking practically, he decided to save his money in the bank
instead.
1. How will you describe this college student?
2. What qualities does he possess regarding handling his money?
3. How can you relate his behavior to current environment trends?
Find out the answer in this lesson!
Prudence is defined as the ability to have good judgment that allows avoidance
of dangers and risks. Meanwhile, frugality is the act of using money or other
resources wisely and practically.
Prudence Frugality
covers good judgment, considering the The quality of being thrifty, sparing or
consequences of an action, using economical in the consumption of
common sense and discretion, resources and avoiding waste,
exercising caution, and conforming to lavishness, or extravagance
reason and decency
Arising from the discussions, Fromm (2013) suggested a new society that
should inspire the development of a new human being that will nurture prudence
and fairness or frugality towards environment. These are some of the functions
of Fromm’s envisioned society:
1. The enthusiasm to offer up all
forms of having, in order to fully
be.
2. Being fully present where one
is.
3. Trying to lessen greed, hate
and illusions as much as one is
adept.
4. Making the full growth of
oneself and of one’s fellow
beings the utmost goal of living.
5. Not deceiving others, but also not being deceived by others, one may
be called acquitted, but not naïve.
6. Freedom that is not uncertainty but the
possibility to be oneself, not as a bundle of greedy desires, but as a carefully
balanced structure that at any moment is
Erich Fromm
threatened with the alternatives of growth
or
https://www.brainpickings.org/2017/03/23/the-sane-society-erich-fromm/ decay, life or death
7. Happiness in the manner of ever-growing
aliveness, whatever the extreme point is the destiny permits one to reach, for
living as full as one can be so agreeable that the concern for what one might not
attain has little chance to develop.

14
8. Joy that comes from giving and sharing, not from hoarding and
manipulating.
9. Developing one’s capacity for love, together with one’s capacity for
critical, unsentimental thought.
10. Shedding one’s narcissism and accepting that catastrophic
boundaries inherent in human survival.
The ideals of this humanity cross all party lines, for protecting nature
needs focused conservation, action, politically aware and support from business.
If all these segments agree on the same goals, the chance of transformation
would seem to be significantly greater, especially since
most citizens have become less and less interested in
part allegiance and slogans.
WHAT I CAN DO?
ACTIVITY 4.4. Demonstrate the virtues of
prudence and frugality towards environment
Directions: Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. What is happiness? If possible, related Fromm’s view with other

philosophers discussed.
2. What is freedom? Relate Fromm’s view with other philosophers
discussed in previous lessons.
3. What is joy? Do you agree with Fromm’s view?

A. Check your knowledge

1. What are the different environmental theories discussed in this lesson?
Compare the theories.
__________________________________________________________
____
__________________________________________________________
____
__________________________________________________________
____
__________________________________________________________
____

2. What is carbon footprint?

__________________________________________________________
____
__________________________________________________________
____

15
__________________________________________________________
____
__________________________________________________________
____

B. Check your understanding

1. Based on your own understanding, relate and contrast the
Anthropocentric and Ecocentric Models. Write your answers inside the
circle.

Anthropocentric Model Ecocentric Model

2. Research about animal rights. In your opinion, do animals deserve

respect? Why or why not?
3. How do you apprehend the meaning of frugality and prudence toward
the environment? Cite three examples.
__________________________________________________________
___
__________________________________________________________
____
__________________________________________________________
____
__________________________________________________________
____

C. Apply what you know

1. Open field: Nature walk

Organize a local tour. Students will have a nature walk they will not just
be able to exercise by walking but be at one with nature. Teachers or guardians
must be present to assist students. Terrains of the site must be studied carefully
prior to the occasion. Give feedback and reflection on this activity.

16
2. (Optional) Gardening

In nature walk is not possible, students can choose for gardening. If the
school has no garden yet, this is the chance to plant seeds and/ or put in pots of
flowers or vegetables to create a view of panoramic “greens”. Design the
perimeters creatively (i.e. paint). Take pictures and write your reflection on this
activity.

3. If your class cannot do either of these suggested activities, you can

invite speaker/s from PAW (The Philippine Animal Welfare Society),
WWF (World Wild Fund for Nature), or DENR (Department of
Environment and Natural Resources) and
hold a symposium.
ASSESSMENT
Directions: Read carefully and write the letter of
your answer on your notebook.
1. What is the ability to govern and discipline
oneself by the use of reason?
a. Transcendence
b. Frugality
c. Aesthetics
d. prudence
2. What is the act of using or other resources wisely and practically?
a. Aesthetics
b. Prudence
c. Frugality
d. Economics
3. What may be a sign of an environmental disorder?
a. Lack of material things
b. Lack of resources
c. Lack of friends
d. Lack of space
4. Which among the following options is a disorder in the environment?
a. A basket of unwashed dirty clothes
b. A house with no single plant
c. A garden with dying plants
d. A library with a small number of books
5. In what way can the environment contribute to health and well-being?
a. It can be available anywhere.
b. It is the source of life.
c. It an produce products that provide medicinal value.
d. It is made up of consumers and producers.
6. In which of the following scenarios is prudence demonstrated?
a. Ordering food that you can consume

17
b. Searching assignment answers over the internet
c. Keeping the lights on all day
d. Being friendly to neighbors
7. Lila wants to buy an expensive phone using the money she has been
saving since last year. She asked for her friends’ opinions in making her
decision.
Which among her friends is frugal?
a. Jen suggested that she should spend the money for travel abroad.
b. Marco advised her to spend the money on the expensive phone.
c. Aiza said that the she should go on a shopping spree using the
money.
d. Jack suggested that she should keep the money for future, more
important uses.
8. Which of the given statements is true?
1. Prudence and frugality can only be applied in one environment.
2. Looking at aesthetics is a way of determining disorder.
a. both statements 1 and 2 c. statement 1
b. neither statement 1 nor 2 d. statement 2
9. what is the role of the environment in achieving sustainable
development?
1. It can reproduce resources.
2. It is the venue for producer-consumer relationships.
a. Statement 1
b. Statement 2
c. Neither statement 1 nor 2
d. Both statements 1 and 2
10. Which of the given statements is true about frugality? 1. It is only limited
to tangible or solid materials 2. It applies to a select few.
a. Statement 1
b. Both statement 1 and 2
c. Statement 2

18
d. Neither statement 1 nor 2

Congratulations!
You have completed your journey
in this module.
You did a great job!
It’s now time to go on to the next
adventure …
Good luck!

ANSWER KEY

REFERENCES:
1. https://www.academia.edu/35441503/Chapter_4_The_human_person_in_the_environm
en t_Objectives

19
2. https://philonotes.com/index.php/the-human-person-and-the-environment/
3. https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment
4. https://www.lloydluna.com/inspiring-filipino-young-entrepreneur-in-the-philippines/
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg
6. https://alvarezjocelle7629.blogspot.com/2013/07/erick-fromm.html
7. https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/727190671065965732/
8. https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Feurope.chinadaily.com.cn
%2Fc hina%2Fimages%2Fattachement%2Fpng
%2Fsite1%2F20160711%2Ff8bc126d97c418ed33f15 f.png&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F
%2Feurope.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fchina%2F2016-
07%2F11%2Fcontent_26036440.htm&tbnid=B0u7KON8s3rtZM&vet=12ahUKEwjRlM7Pw
6Tq
AhVM7ZQKHbWVD0AQMygJegUIARDJAQ..i&docid=9HvAPJYs9jNVWM&w=494&h=323&it
g= 1&q=stonger
%20typhoons&hl=en&ved=2ahUKEwjRlM7Pw6TqAhVM7ZQKHbWVD0AQMygJe
gUIARDJAQ

9. https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/nuclear-techniques-help-reveal-high-rate-of-
soilerosion-in-benin
10. https://missionsbox.org/news/facing-famine-crisis-in-yemen/

20
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