ANNEXURE-C

Scheme of study for 4 Years Bachelor of Computer Science BCS (Hons)/BS (CS)
Program
Total Credit Hours = 130

Eligibility Criteria:
1. FSc Pre-Engineering, FSc Pre-Medical, Intermediate in General Science,
Intermediate in Computer Science, Intermediate in Commerce

2. Entry Test eligibility is Second Division or at least 45% marks in intermediate.

Semester I

Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

BCS 141 Introduction to Computing 3(2+1)
BCS 142 Programming Fundamentals 4(3+1)
BCS 143 Discrete Structures 3(3+0)
BCS 144 Calculus and Analytical Geometry 3(3+0)
BCS 145 English Composition and Comprehension 3(3+0)
BCS 146 Islamic and Pakistan Studies 3(3+0)

Total Credit Hours 19(17+2)

Semester II

Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

BCS 241 Object Oriented Paradigm 3(2+1)

BCS 242 Data Structures and Algorithms 3(2+1)
BCS 243 Digital Logic and Computer Architecture 3(2+1)
BCS 244 Probability and Statistics 3(3+0)
BCS 245 Physics (Circuit Theory) 3(2+1)
BCS 246 Technical and Business Writing 3(3+0)

Total Credit Hours 18(15+3)

Semester III

Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

BCS 341 Operating Systems 3(3+0)
BCS 342 Data Base Systems 3(2+1)
BCS 343 Linear Algebra 3(3+0)
BCS 344 Communication Skills 3(3+0)
BCS 345 Physics (Electronics) 3(2+1)
BCS 346 Multivariable Calculus 3(3+0)

Total Credit Hours 18(16+2)

Semester IV

Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

BCS 441 Software Engineering-I 3(3+0)

BCS 442 Computer Organization & Assem/Language 3(2+1)
BCS 443 Principles of Programming Languages 3(3+0)
BCS 444 Web Engineering 3(3+0)
BCS 445 Differential Equations 3(3+0)
BCS 446 Financial Management 3(3+0)

Total Credit Hours 18(17+1)

Semester V

Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

BCS 541 Theory of Automata and Formal Languages 3(3+0)

BCS 542 Analysis of Algorithms 3(3+0)
BCS 543 Software Engineering-II 3(3+0)
BCS 544 Data Communication 3(3+0)
BCS 545 Human Resource Management 3(3+0)

Total Credit Hours 15(15+0)

Semester VI

Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

BCS 641 Computer Communication and Networks 3(3+0)

BCS 642 Computer Graphics 3(3+0)
BCS 643 Compiler Construction 3(3+0)
BCS 644 Psychology 3(3+0)
BCS 645 Economics 3(3+0)

Total Credit Hours 15(15+0)

Semester VII
Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

BCS 741 Artificial Intelligence 3(3+0)

BCS 742 Numerical and Symbolic Computations 3(3+0)
BCS 743 System Programming 3(2+1)
BCS 744 Distributed Database Systems 3(2+1)
BCS 745 Visual Programming 3(2+1)
BCS 746 International Relations 3(3+0)

Total Credit Hours 18(15+3)

Semester VIII

Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

BCS 841 Software Project Management 3(2+1)

BCS 842 E commerce 3(2+1)
BCS 843 Senior Project Design 6(0+18)

Total Credit Hours 12(4+20)

Additional Courses (Optional Specialty)

Bio Informatics

S.No Course Name Credit Hours

1 DNA Bar coding 3(3+0)
2 Primer Designing 3(3+0)
3 Statistical software for Analysis genomic and 3(3+0)
Proteomic
4 Genetic information and Gene libraries 3(3+0)

Computer Sciences

Computer/ Data Communication

S.No Communication
Networks
1 Distributed Computing
2 Data and Network Security
3 Wireless Networks
4 Signal Processing Digital Signal Processing
5 Digital Image Processing
6 Database Systems Distributed Database Systems
Data Warehousing
7
COURSE CONTENTS FOR BCS (HONS)/BS(CS) PROGRAM
(4 YEARS PROGRAM)
Core Courses (37 Credits Hours)

Semester I 19 Credit Hours

Course Name: Introduction to Computing

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: This course focuses on a breadth-first coverage of computer science
discipline, introducing computing environments, general application software, basic
computing hardware, operating systems, desktop publishing, Internet, software
applications and tools and computer usage concepts; Introducing Software engineering
and Information technology within the broader domain of computing, Social issues of
computing.
Course Outline: Number Systems, Binary numbers, Boolean logic, History computer
system, basic machine organization, Von Neumann Architecture, Algorithm definition,
design, and implementation, Programming paradigms and languages, Graphical
programming, Overview of Software Engineering and Information Technology,
Operating system, Compiler, Computer networks and internet, Computer graphics, AI,
Social and legal issues.
Reference Material: Computers: Information Technology in Perspective, 9/e by Larry
Long and Nancy Long, Prentice Hall, 2002/ISBN: 0130929891. A n Invitation to
Computer Science, Schneider and Gersting, Brooks/Cole Thomson Learning, 2000.
Computer Science: A n overview of Computer Science, Sherer.
Course Name: Programming Fundamentals
Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 4
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: The course is designed to familiarize students with the basic structured
programming skills. It emphasizes upon problem analysis, algorithm designing, and
programme development and testing.
Course Outline: Algorithms and problem solving, development of basic algorithms,
analyzing problem, designing solution, testing designed solution, fundamental
programming constructs, translation of algorithms to programmes, data types, control
structures, functions, arrays, records, files, testing programmes.
Reference Material: Programme Design with Pseudo-code, Bailey and Lundgaard,
Brooks/Cole Publishing, 1988 Simple Programme Design: A step-by-step approach, 4/e,
Lesley Anne Robertson, ISBN: 0-619-16046-2 © 2004.
Course Name: Discrete Structures
Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: Introduces the foundations of discrete mathematics as they apply to Computer
Science, focusing on providing a solid theoretical foundation for further work. Further, this
course aims to develop understanding and appreciation of the finite nature inherent in most
Computer Science problems and structures through study of combinatorial reasoning,
abstract algebra, iterative procedures, predicate calculus, tree and graph structures.

Course Outline: Introduction to logic and proofs: Direct proofs; proof by contradiction,
Sets, Combinatorics, Sequences, Formal logic, Prepositional and predicate calculus,
Methods of Proof, Mathematical Induction and Recursion, loop invariants, Relations and
functions, Pigeon whole principle, Trees and Graphs, Elementary number theory,
Optimization and matching. Fundamental structures: Functions (surjections, injections,
inverses, composition); relations (reflexivity, symmetry, transitivity, equivalence
relations); sets (Venn diagrams, complements, Cartesian products, power sets); pigeonhole
principle; cardinality and countability.
Reference Material:
Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, 5th edition; by Rosen; McGraw-Hill; 0-0 7-242434-
6.

Discrete Mathematics by Richard Johnsonbaugh, Prentice Hall, 0135182425.

Discrete Mathematical Structures, 4th Edition, by Kolman, Busby & Ross, 2000, Prentice-
Hall, ISBN: 0-13-083143-3.

Course Name: Calculus and Analytical Geometry

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: To build the basic calculus and analytical geometry background.
Course Outline: Complex Numbers, DeMoivre’s Theorem and its Applications,
Simple Cartesian Curves, Functions and Graphs, Symmetrical Properties, Curve
Tracing, Limit and Continuity, Differentiation of Functions. Derivative as Slope of
Tangent to a Curve and as Rate of Change, Application to Tangent and Normal,
Linearization, Maxima/Minima and Point of Inflexion, Taylor and Maclaurin
Expansions and their convergence. Integral as Anti- derivative, Indefinite
Integration of Simple Functions. Methods of Integration: Integration by
Substitution, by Parts, and by Partial Fractions, Definite Integral as Limit of a
Sum, Application to Area, Arc Length, Volume and Surface of Revolution.
Reference Material: Calculus and Analytical Geometry By Swokowski, Olinick
and Pence. Calculus, H. Anton, John Wiley and Sons (WIE), ISBN: 0471572608.
Calculus, William E. Boyce Richard C. Diprima, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN:
0471093335
Course Name: English Composition and Comprehension
Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: To develop good English writing, language usage and reading skills.
Course Outline: Principles of writing good English, understanding the composition
process: writing clearly; word, sentence and paragraph. Comprehension and expression.
Use of grammar and punctuation. Process of writing, observing, audience analysis,
collecting, composing, drafting and revising, persuasive writing, reading skills, listening
skills and comprehension, skills for taking notes in class, skills for exams.
Reference Material: Warriner’s English Grammar and
Composition, John E. Warriner

Course Name: Islamic & Pakistan Studies

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: To impart an understanding of the fundamental principles and teachings of
Islam through study of selected verses of the Quran and Prophetic Sayings. Important
facets of the Prophet’s life and salient, features of Islamic Civilization. To provide
appreciation of other prominent religions, systems of ethics and cultures to prepare
students to survive in international and multicultural work place. To take an analytical
view in the history and development of Muslim society and culture in the sub-continent,
emergence of Pakistan and its constitutional development. To develop an appreciation of
the issues and challenges currently being faced in Pakistan. The strengths of its people
and strategies to deal with the impediments to progress. International relations of
Pakistan

Course Outline: Fundamentals of Islam. (Aqaid, Ibadat, Islamic Dawah etc.); Ethical
values of Islam; Ser ah of the Holy Prophet (PBUH); Islamic Civilization and its affects
on humanity. Study of other prominent world religions and ethical systems in comparison
with Islamic viewpoint. Multicultural societies. Historical background of Pakistan:
Muslim society in Indo-Pakistan, the movement led by the societies, The downfall of
Islamic society, The establishment of British Raj- Causes and consequences. Political
evolution of Muslims in the twentieth century: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan; Muslim League;
Nehru; Allama Iqbal: Independence Movement; Lahore Resolution; Pakistan culture and
society, Constitutional and Administrative issues, Pakistan and its geo-political
dimension, Pakistan and International Affairs, Pakistan and the challenges ahead.
Reference Material: Chaudary M. Ali ,The Emergence of Pakistan, 1967. K.K.Aziz,The
making of Pakistan, 1976.

Semester II Credit Hours 18

Course Name: Object Oriented Paradigms

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Introduction to Computing, Programming Fundamentals
Objectives: The course aims to focus on object-oriented concepts, analysis and
software development.
Course Outline: Evolution of OO, OO concepts and principles, problem solving
in OO paradigm, OO programme design process, classes, methods, objects and
encapsulation; constructors and destructors, operator and function overloading,
virtual functions, derived classes, inheritance and polymorphism. I / O and file
processing, exception handling
Reference Material: Understanding Object Oriented Programming, Budd, Addison
Wesley. Java: How to Programme, 5/e, Deitel and Deitel, Prentice Hall,
0131016210/ 0131202367 International Edition. C++: How to Programme, Deitel
and Deitel, 4/e, Pearson. Thinking in C++, 2nd Edition, Bruce Eckel, Prentice Hall.
Course Name: Data Structures and Algorithms
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: The course is designed to teach students structures and schemes,
which allow them to write programmes to efficiently manipulate, store, and
retrieve data. Students are exposed to the concepts of time and space complexity
of computer programmes.
Course Outline: Introduction to data structures; Arrays, Stacks, Queues,
Priority Queues, Linked Lists, Trees, and Graphs. Recursion, sorting and
searching algorithms, Hashing, Storage and retrieval properties and techniques
for the various data structures. Algorithm Complexity, Polynomial and
Intractable Algorithms, Classes of Efficient Algorithms, Divide and Conquer,
Dynamic, Greedy
Reference Material: Data Abstraction and Problem Solving with C++, 2nd ed, Frank
M. Carrano, Paul Helman, Robert Verof, Addison-Wesley, 1998. Data Structures and
Algorithms (SAMS teach yourself), Lafore, Sams Publishing, 1999. Fundamentals
of Data Structures in C++, Horowitz, Sahni, and Mehta, Computer Science Press,
1995. Data Structures in JA V A , Standish, Addison Wesley, 2000
Course Name: Digital Logic and Computer Architecture
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Discrete Structures, Introduction to Computing
Objectives: This course introduces the concept of digital logic, gates and the
digital circuits. Further, it focuses on the design and analysis combinational and
sequential circuits. It also serves to familiarize the student with the logic design of
basic computer hardware components.
Course Outline: Overview of Binary Numbers, Boolean Algebra, switching
algebra, and logic gates, Karnaugh Map and Quin-McCluskey methods,
simplification of Boolean functions, Combinational Design; two level
NAND/NOR implementation, Tabular Minimization, Combinational Logic
Design: adders, subtracters, code converters, parity checkers, multilevel
NAND/NOR/XOR circuits, MSI Components, design and use of encoders,
decoders, multiplexers, BCD adders, and comparators, Latches and flip-flops,
Synchronous sequential circuit design and analysis, Registers, synchronous and
asynchronous counters, and memories, Control Logic Design, Wired logic and
characteristics of logic gate families, ROMs, PLDs, and PLAs, State Reduction
and good State Variable Assignments, Algorithmic State Machine (ASM) Charts,
Asynchronous circuits, Memory systems, Functional organization, Multiprocessor
and alternative architectures: Introduction to SIMD, MIMD, VLIW, EPIC; systolic
architecture; interconnection networks; shared memory systems; cache coherence;
memory models and memory consistency, Performance enhancements,
Contemporary architectures.
Reference Material: Digital Design, 2nd Ed., M. Morris Mano, Prentice Hall,
1991. Practical Digital Logic Design and Testing, P K Lala, Prentice Hall, 1996.

Course Name: Probability and Statistics

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: To introduce the concept of statistics, randomness and probability and
build on these concepts to develop tools and techniques to work with random
variables
Course Outline: Introduction to Statistics, Descriptive Statistics, Statistics in
decision making, Graphical representation of Data Stem-and Lead plot, Box- Cox
plots, Histograms and Ogive, measures of central tendencies, dispersion for
grouped and ungrouped Data, Moments of frequency distribution; examples with
real life, use of Elementary statistical packages for explanatory Data analysis.
Counting techniques, definition of probability with classical and relative frequency
and subjective approaches, sample space, events, laws of probability. General
Probability Distributions, Conditional probability and Bayes theorem with
application to Random variable (Discrete and continuous) Binomial, Poisson,
Geometric, Negative Binomial Distributions; Exponential Gamma and Normal
distributions. Regression and Correlation.
Reference Material: Introduction to Statistics, Walpole, 1982 Prentice Hall, ISBN:
0024241504. Statistical Data Analysis, G. Cowan G, 1998, Clarendon, Oxford.
Advances in Statistical Analysis and Statistical Computing III Mariano R (Ed.), (1993),
JAI Press, Greenwich, Conn.

Course Name: Physics(circuit theory)

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3(2+3)
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: Introduction of Electronics
Course Outline: Fundamentals of Semiconductorphysics: Band theory,
semiconductors (intrinsic and extrinsic), pn junction, pn junctions as a rectifier,
clipper and clamper circuits, zener diode and voltage regulator, LED and LCD
etc., Transistors: Bipolar Junction transistors, BJT biasing circuits, Q-point, BJT
as a switch, BJT amplifiers, classes of amplifiers, power amplifiers, Metal oxide
transistors, nMOS, pMOS and CMOS inverters circuits. Introduction to A/D
and D/A conversion circuits.
Reference Material:
University Physics by Freedman and Young (10 th and higher editions).
Colege Physics by Resnick, Halliday and Krane (6 th and higher edition).

Course Name: Technical and Business Writing

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: To develop efficient literature survey, analysis, report writing and
document designing skills.
Course Outline: Overview of technical reporting, use of library and information
gathering, administering questionnaires, reviewing the gathered information.
Technical exposition; topical arrangement, exemplification, definition,
classification and division, casual analysis, effective exposition, technical
narration, description and argumentation, persuasive strategy. Organizing
information and generation solution: brainstorming, organizing material,
construction of the formal outline, outlining conventions, electronic
communication, generation solutions. Polishing style: paragraphs, listening
sentence structure, clarity, length and order, pomposity, empty words, pompous
vocabulary, document design: document structure, preamble, summaries,
abstracts, table of contents, footnotes, glossaries, cross-referencing, plagiarism,
citation and bibliography, glossaries, index, appendices, typesetting systems,
creating the professional report; elements, mechanical elements and graphical
elements. Reports: Proposals, progress reports, Leaflets, brochures, handbooks,
magazines articles, research papers, feasibility reports, project reports, technical
research reports, manuals and documentation, thesis. Electronic documents,
Linear verses hierarchical structure documents.
Reference Material: Greenfield, T., Research Methods, Guidance for
Postgraduates, Arnold, 1996,
Semester III 18 Credit Hours

Prerequisites: Operating Systems

Objectives: Demonstrate mastery of the internal operation of Unix system
software including assemblers, loaders, macro-processors, interpreters, inter-
process communication.
Course Outline: System Programming overview: Application Vs. System
Programming, System Software, Operating System, Device Drivers, OS Calls.
Window System Programming for Intel386 Architecture: 16 bit Vs 32 bit,
Programming, 32 bit Flat memory model, Windows Architecture. Virtual Machine
(VM)Basics, System Virtual Machine, Portable Executable Format, Ring O
Computer, Linear Executable format, Virtual Device Driver (V + D), New
Executable format, Module Management, COFF obj format 16 bit. (Unix) other
32-bit O.S Programming for I 386; Unix Binaryble format (ELF), Dynamic shared
objects, Unix Kernel Programming (Ring O), Unix Device Architecture (Character
& Block Devices), Device Driver Development, Enhancing Unix Kernel.
Reference Material: The UNIX Programming Environment, B. Kernighan & R.
Pike Prentice-Hall, 1984. System Software, Leland L. Beck, Addison-Wesley
Longmsan, 1990, ISBN: 0-201-
50945-8.
Course Name: Database Systems
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Data Structures and Algorithms
Objectives: The course aims to introduce basic database concepts, different data
models, data storage and retrieval techniques and database design techniques. The
course primarily focuses on relational data model and DBMS concepts.

Course Outline: Basic database concepts; Entity Relationship modelling,

Relational data model and algebra, Structured Query language; RDBMS;
Database design, functional dependencies and normal forms; Transaction
processing and optimization concepts; concurrency control and recovery
techniques; Database recovery techniques; Database security and authorization.
Small Group Project implementing a database. Physical database design: Storage
and file structure; indexed files; hashed files; signature files; b-trees; files with
dense index; files with variable length records; database efficiency and tuning
Data Warehousing and Data Mining, Emerging Database Technologies and
Applications.
Reference Material: Database Systems, C.J.Date, Addison Wesley Pub. Co.
(2004). Database Systems: A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation and
Management, R.Connolly and P.Begg, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co (2003).
Fundamentals of Database Systems, 3/E, Elmasri and Navathe, Addison- Wesley,
ISBN: 0-201-74153-9.

Course Name: Linear Algebra

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Objectives: None
Course Outline: Vectors, Vector Spaces, Matrices & Determinants, Cofactor and
Inverse, Rank, Linear Independence, Solution of Linear systems, Gaussian
Elimination, Positive Definite matrix, Linear Transformations, Operations on
matrices, Inner products, Eigenvalues & Eigenvectors. Applications to Systems of
Equations and to Geometry.
Reference Material: Linear Algebra, David C Lay, Pearson Addison Wesley,
1999, ISBN: 0201660369
Course Name: Communication Skills
Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: English Composition & Comprehension.
Objectives: To develop good English writing, language usage and reading skills.
To appreciate the importance of business communication and to develop
understanding of communication concepts, principles, theories and problems. To
develop good oral communication and presentation skills. Course Outline:
Principles of writing good English, understanding the composition process:
writing clearly; words, sentence and paragraphs. Comprehension and expression.
Use of grammar and punctuation. Process of writing, observing, audience
collecting, composing, drafting and revising, persuasive writing, reading skills,
listening skills and comprehension, skills for taking notes in class, skills for
exams. Business communications; planning messages, writing concise but with
impact. Letter formats, mechanics of business, letter writing, letters, memo and
applications, summaries, proposals, writing resumes, styles and formats, oral
communications, verbal and non-verbal communication, conducting meetings,
small group communication, taking minutes. Presentation skills; presentation
strategies, defining the objective, scope and audience of the presentation, material
gathering material organization strategies, time management, opening and
concluding, use of audio-visual aids, delivery and presentation.
Reference Material: Business English, Vawdrey, Stoddard, Bell.
Course Name: Physics (Electromagnetism)
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3 (2+ 1)
Prerequisites: None
Course Outline: Review of Vectors, Electric Charge: Coulomb’s Law, electric
field and intensity, electric potential, capacitors and charge storage concepts,
Magnetism: magnetic fields, Faraday’s and Lenz’s Laws, Ampere’s law and its
applications, Eddy Currents, inductance, induced current and their applications,
definitions of the values of AC signals (Average and RMS Values), Electric and
Magnetic circuits: Electric current, resistance, Ohm’s Law, simple resistive circuits
(series and parallel), Kirchoff laws, Network theorems (DC analysis), RC and RL
circuits. Fundamentals of Semiconductor physics: Band theory, semiconductors
(intrinsic and extrinsic), pn junction, pn- junctions as a rectifier.
Reference Material: University Physics by Freedman and Young (10 th and higher
editions), Colege Physics by Resnick, Halliday and Krane (6 th and higher edition)

Course Name: Multivariable Calculus

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Calculus
Course Outline: Functions of Several Variables and Partial Differentiation.
Multiple Integrals, Line and Surface Integrals. Green’s and Stoke’s Theorem.
Fourier Series: periodic functions, Functions of any period P-2L, Even & odd
functions, Half Range expansions, Fourier Transform. Laplace Transform, Z -
Transform, Difference Equations
Reference Material: Calculus and Analytical Geometry by Swokowski, Olinick
and Pence.
Semester IV 18 Credit Hours

Course Name: Software Engineering-I

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Data Structures and Algorithms
Objectives: To study various software development models and phases of
software development life cycle. The concepts of project management, change
control, process management, software development and testing are introduced
through hands-on Team Projects.
Course Outline: Introduction to Computer-based System Engineering; Project
Management; Software Specification; Requirements Engineering, System
Modelling; Requirements Specifications; Software Prototyping; Software Design:
Architectural Design, Object-Oriented Design, UML modelling, Function-
Oriented Design, User Interface Design; Quality Assurance; Processes &
Configuration Management; Introduction to advanced issues: Reusability,
Patterns; Assignments and projects on various stages and deliverables of SDLC.
Reference Material: Software Engineering: A Practioner's Approach, Roger
Pressman, McGraw-Hill, 2001. Object-Oriented Software Engineering, Stephan
Schach, Irwin, 1999.
Course Name: Computer Organization and Assembly Language
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Digital Logic Design

Objectives: The main objective of this course is to introduce the organization

of computer systems and usage of assembly language for optimization and
control. Emphasis should be given to expose the low-level logic employed for
problem solving while using assembly language as a tool. At the end of the
course the students should be capable of writing moderately complex assembly
language subroutines and interfacing them to any high level language.

Course Outline: Objectives and Perspectives of Assembly Language,

Microprocessor Bus Structure: Address, Data and Control, Memory
Organization and Structure (Segmented and Linear Models), Addressing Modes,
Introduction to the Assembler and Debugger, Introduction to Registers and Flags, Data
Movement, Arithmetic and Logic, Programme Control, Subroutines, Stack and its
operation, Peripheral Control Interrupts, Interfacing with high level languages, Real-time
application.

Reference Material:
Assembly Language for Intel-Based Computer, Third Edition, 1999, by Kip R. Irvine.
Prentice-Hall Publishing, 1999

Course Name: Principal of Programming (Teacher Dependent)

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3

Course Name: Web Engineering

Course Structure: Lectures: Labs: (2-3) Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: Design and implementation of web based applications.

Course Outline: Overview of Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, Overview of 3-tier

Architecture, Web Based Applications Architecture. Developing Front End
Applications: Front End Development Tools, HTML, DHTML, Scripting (Java
Script, Jscript, Vbscript), Java Applets, ActiveX.

Reference Material: Web enabled Commercial Application Development Using…

HTML, DHTML, JavaScript, Perl, CGI, Ivan Bayross, BPB Publications.

Course Name: Differential Equations

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Multivariate Calculus
Objectives: Develop fundamental skills of solving ordinary differential equations,
and developing differential equations for real-world problems.

Course Outline: Ordinary Differential Equations of the First Order: Geometrical

Considerations, Isoclines, Separable Equations, Equations Reducible to Separable
Form, Exact Differential Equations, Integrating Factors, Linear First-Order
Differential Equations, Variation of Parameters. Ordinary
Linear Differential Equations; Homogeneous Linear Equations of the Second Order,
Homogeneous Second-Order Equations with Constant Coefficients, General Solution, Real
Roots, Complex Roots, Double Root of the Characteristic Equation, Differential Operators,
Cauchy Equation, Homogeneous Linear Equations of Arbitrary Order, Homogeneous
Linear Equations of Arbitrary Order with Constant Coefficients, Non-homogeneous Linear
Equations. Modelling of Electrical Circuits. Systems of Differential Equations. Series
Solutions of Differential Equations. Partial Differential Equations: Method of Separation of
variables, wave, Heat & Laplace equations and their solutions by Fourier series method.

Reference Material:
Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Michael Greenberg, ISBN: 0133214311. Advanced
Engineering Mathematics,7/e, Erwin Kreyszig. John Wiley & Sons 1992 ISBN: 0471553808.
A First Course in Diferential Equations, Zill, Prindle, Weber and Schmidt. Brooks/Cole
Publishing, 1996. ISBN: 0534955746.

Diferential Equations With Boundary-Value Problems, Dennis G. Zill, Michael R. Cullen.

Brooks/Cole Publishing, 1996. ISBN: 0534955800.
Elementary Diferential Equations With Applications, C. H. Edwards, David E. Penney. Prentice
Hall, 1993. ISBN: 013253428
Course Name: Financial Management
Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None

Course Outline: Introduction to Financial Management, Concepts and Models in

Valuation, The time value of money, Fundamentals of risk and portfolio analysis,
Valuation of stocks and bonds, The capital Asset Pricing Model, the Arbitrage
Pricing Model and other valuation models. The Cost of Capital: Capital structure
and Dividend Policy, The cost of capital, Capital structure theory, Capital
structure policy and optimal capital structure, Internal financing and dividends
policy Capital Budgeting: The basis of capital budgeting, The determination and
use of cash flow, Mutually exclusive investments and capital rationing, Annual
equivalent cost and replacement decisions, Risk analysis and the optimal capital
budget, Islamic guidelines for financial management: The rational of prohibition
of interest, Alternate capital structure, Capital Budgeting in an Interest free
economy, working Capital Management in 100% equity capital structure.

Reference Material: Financial Management by Charles H. Gibson.

Semester V 15 Credit Hours

Course Name: Theory of Automata and Formal Languages

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Discrete Structures

Objectives: The course aims to develop an appreciation of the theoretical

foundations of computer science through study of mathematical & abstract models
of computers and the theory of formal languages. Theory of formal languages and
use of various abstract machines as ‘recognizers’ and parsing will be studied for
identifying/validating the synthetic characteristics of programming languages.
Some of the abstract machines shall also study as “Transducers”.

Course Outline: Finite State Models: Language definitions preliminaries, Regular

expressions/Regular languages, Finite automata (Fas), Transition graphs (TGs),
NFAs, kleene’s theorem, Transducers (automata with output), Pumping lemma
and non regular language Grammars and PDA: Context free grammars,
Derivations, derivation trees and ambiguity, Simplifying CFLs, Normal form
grammars and parsing, Push-down Automata, Pumping lemma and non-context
free languages, Decidability, Chom sky’s hierarchy of grammars Turing Machines
Theory: Turing machines, Post machine, Variations on TM, TM encoding,
Universal Turing Machine, Context sensitive Grammars, Defining Computers by
TMs.

Reference Material: Introduction to Computer Theory, by Denial Cohen, John

Wiley & Sons, Inc. Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages and Computation,
by J Hopcraft, D. Ullman. Languages and Machines, An Into to the Theory of Comp.
Sc., by Thomas A. Sudkamp.
Course Name: Analysis of Algorithms
Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Discrete Structures, Data Structures
Objectives: Detailed study of the basic notions of the design of algorithms and the
underlying data structures. Several measures of complexity are introduced.
Emphasis on the structure, complexity, and efficiency of algorithms.
Course Outline: Introduction; Asymptotic notations; Recursion and recurrence
relations; Divide-and-conquer approach; Sorting; Search trees; Heaps; Hashing;
Greedy approach; Dynamic programming; Graph algorithms; Shortest paths;
Network flow; Disjoint Sets; Polynomial and matrix calculations; String matching;
NP complete problems; Approximation algorithms.

Reference Material: Introduction to Algorithms by Thomas H Carmen.

Course Name: Software Engineering-II

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Data Structures, Software Engineering–I

Objectives: The students will study techniques for software verification, validation
and testing. They would also study reliability and performance issues in software
design and development.

Course Outline: Software verification and validation: Techniques are introduced

to evaluate software correctness, efficiency, performance and reliability,
integration of these techniques into a verification and validation plan. Technical
reviews, software testing, programme verification, prototyping, and requirement
tracing. Attitude of industry toward reliability and performance.
Reference Material: Software Engineering: A Practioner's Approach, Roger Pressman,
McGraw-Hill, 2001. Software Engineering, Ian Sommerville, Addison-Wesley 2001,
ISBN: 0-201-39815- X.
Course Name: Data Communication
Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None

Course Outline: Time and frequency domain concepts, Fourier Transform. Introduction to
Analogy and digital signals. A/D conversion, Nyquist sampling and quantization. Introduction to
modulation and demodulation. Amplitude modulation, frequency modulation and phase
modulation. ON-OFF keying, FSK and PSK. Binary codes for transmission (NRZ, RZ, HDB3,
Manchester code), delta modulation. Serial and parallel communication, RS232. Modems.

Recommended Readings:

1. Sanders, Donald II, Computers Today, 3rd edition, McGraw Hill, 1988.
2. Lonnie, Mastering Office 1997, BPB Publications, 1997.
3. Parker, Charles S., Computers and Their Applications, 3rd edition, The Dryden Press,
1993.

Course Name: Human Resource Management

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Course Outline: An overview of Human Resource Management and Human
Resource Manager. The Environment of Human Resource Management, external
and Internal Environment. Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative
Action. Job Analysis: A Basic Human Resource Tool. Human Resource Planning,
Recruitment, and Selection. Organization Change and Human Resource
Development. Corporate Culture and Organization Development. Career Planning
Development. Performance Appraisal.
Reference Material: Managing Human Resource by Wayne F. Cascio.
Semester VI 15 Credit Hours

Course Name: Computer Communication and Networks

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Operating Systems

Objectives: To introduce students to the concept of computer communication.

Analogue & digital transmission. Network Layers, Network models (OSI,
TCP/IP) and Protocol Standards. Emphasis is given on the understanding of
modern network concepts.

Course Outline: Analogue and digital Transmission, Noise, Media, Encoding,

Asynchronous and Synchronous transmission, Protocol design issues. Network
system architectures (OSI, TCP/IP), Error Control, Flow Control, Data Link
Protocols (HDLC, PPP). Local Area Networks and MAC Layer protocols
(Ethernet, Token ring), Multiplexing, Switched and IP Networks, Inter-
networking, Routing, Bridging, Transport layer protocols TCP/IP, UDP.
Network security issues. Programming exercises or projects involving
implementation of protocols at different layers.

Reference Material: Introduction to Computer Networks, Tanenbaum Unix

Network Programming, Richard Stevens Computer networks: a systems approach,
Larry Peterson, Bruce Davie, Princeton Univ., Princeton. Computer Networking:
A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 2/e, James F Kurose, Keith W
Ross, Addison Wesley 2003. ISBN: 0-201-97699-4.
Course Name: Computer Graphics
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Object Oriented Programming , Visual Programming

Objectives: Study of various algorithms in computer graphics and their

implementation in any programming language.
Course Outline: Graphics hardware. Fundamental algorithms. Applications of
graphics. Interactive graphics programming — graph plotting, windows and
clipping, and segmentation. Programming raster display systems, panning and
zooming. Raster algorithms and software — Scan-Converting lines, characters and
circles. Region filling and clipping. Two and three dimensional imaging geometry
and transformations. Curve and surface design, rendering, shading, colour and
animation.

Reference Material: 1. Computer Graphics, Principles and Practice, J. D. Foley,

A. van Dam, S. K. Feiner and J. F. Hughes, Addison-Wesley ISBN: 0-201-12110-
7. 2. Computer Graphics, F.S.Hill, Maxwell MacMillan ISBN: 0-02-354860-6.

Course Name: Compiler Construction

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: At the end of the course students should understand the overall
structure of a compiler, and will know significant details of a number of important
techniques commonly used. They will be aware of the way in which language
features raise challenges for compiler builders.
Course Outline: Compiler techniques and methodology. Organization of
compilers. Lexical and syntax analysis. Parsing techniques. Object code generation
and optimization, detection and recovery from errors. Contrast between compilers
and interpreters.
Reference Material: Compiler Design and Construction, by Alfred V. Aho, Ravi
Sethi, Hardcover 2nd edition, 1987, Van Nostrand Reinhold; ISBN: 0317636367.

Course Name: Introduction to Psychology

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: This course focus on to develop the psychological skill in science
students, which will assist the student in the field of neural network and also
improve the managerial skill in the students.

Course Outline: Introduction to Psychology Nature and Application of Psychology with

special reference to Pakistan, Historical Background and Schools of Psychology (A Brief Survey)
Methods of Psychology Observation, Case History Method, Experimental Method, Survey
Method, Interviewing Techniques Biological Basis of Behavior Neuron: Structure and
Functions, Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System, Endocrine Glands
Sensation, Perception and Attention Sensation Characteristics and Major Functions of
Different Sensations, Vision: Structure and functions of the Eye., Audition: Structure and
functions of the Ear. Perception (i) Nature of Perception (ii) Factors of Perception: Subjective,
Objective and Social (iii) Kinds of Perception: Spatial Perception (Perception of Depth and
Distance) Temporal Perception; Auditory Perception Attention (i) Factors, Subjective and
Objective (ii) Span of Attention (iii) Fluctuation of Attention (iv) Distraction of Attention
(Causes and Control)

Reference Material: Atkinson R. C., & Smith E. E. (2000). Introduction to psychology (13th
ed.).
Harcourt Brace College Publishers.
Fernald, L. D., & Fernald, P. S. (2005). Introduction to psychology. USA:
WMC Brown Publishers.
Glassman, W. E. (2000). Approaches to psychology. Open University Press.
Hayes, N. (2000). Foundation of psychology (3rd ed.). Thomson Learning.
Lahey, B. B. (2004). Psychology: An introduction (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc.
Leahey, T. H. (1992). A history of psychology: Main currents in psychological
thought. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International, Inc.
Myers, D. G. (1992). Psychology. (3rd ed.). New York: Wadsworth
Publishers.
Ormord, J. E. (1995). Educational psychology: Developing learners. Prentice-Hall,
Inc.

Course Name: Fundamentals of Economics

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None
Objectives: This course focus on to develop the economic skill in science
students.
Course Outline: Introduction Nature, scope and importance of Economics, Microeconomics vs.
Macroeconomics, Scarcity and choice, Opportunity cost, Factors of production, Production
possibility frontier. Demand, Supply and Equilibrium Concepts of demand and supply, Laws
of demand and supply, Market equilibrium, Shifts in demand and supply curves, and market
equilibrium. Elasticity Concept of elasticity, Price elasticity of demand, Income elasticity of
demand, Cross Elasticity of Demand, Price elasticity of supply, Application of elasticity. Utility
Theory Consumer behavior, Preferences, Utility function, Laws of Increasing and diminishing
marginal utility, Law of Equi-marginal utility. Theory of Firm Factors of production and their
rewards, Total, average, and marginal products, Laws of returns, Cost of production, Total,
average, and marginal costs, Total, average, and marginal revenue. Concept of profit
maximization/Cost minimization. Market Structure Perfect competition & imperfect
competition: assumptions and Price/Output determination. National Income Concepts of national
income, GDP & GNP, Real vs. nominal GNP, NNP, NI, PDY, Saving and Personal
Consumption. Macroeconomic Issues Concept of inflation, unemployment, Balance of payment,
Exchange rate and Business cycles. Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy and their role in the
economy.
Reference
1. Michel Parkin. 2004. Economics, 5 th Ed., Addison Wesley.
2. Paul A. Samualson and W.D. Nordhaus. 2004. Economics, 18 th Ed.,
McGraw Hills, Inc.
3. John Sloman, Economics (Latest edition).
4. Miller. Microeconomic Theory (Latest edition).
5. Lipsey and Crystal. Economics (Latest edition).
Semester VII 18 Credit Hours
Course Name: Artificial Intelligence
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Data Structures
Objectives: This course focuses on the set of computational tools and techniques,
which mimic the human decision-making process and capability.

Course Outline: Introduction to Common Lisp. AI classical systems: General

Problem Solver, rules, simple search, means-ends analysis. ELIZA, pattern
matching, rule based translators, OPS-5. Knowledge Representation: Natural
language, rules, productions, predicate logic, semantic networks, frames, objects,
scripts. Search: Depth first search, breadth first search, best first search, hill
climbing, min-max search, A* search. Symbolic Mathematics: student, solving
algebra problems, translating English equations, solving algebraic equations,
simplification rules, re-write rules, meta-rules, Macsyma, PRESS, ATLAS. Logic
Programming: Resolution, unification, horn-clause logic, Prolog, Prolog
programming. Sample case studies of shells and Knowledge Based Systems. A
brief appreciation of state of the art computational techniques like neural
networks, genetic algorithm, fuzzy sets. Reference Material: Artificial Inteligence
by Luger, 4th edition Pearson Education.

Course Name :Numerical and Symbolic Computation (teacher dependent)

Credit Hours: 3

Course Name: System Programming

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Operating Systems
Objectives: Demonstrate mastery of the internal operation of Unix system
software including assemblers, loaders, macro-processors, interpreters, inter-
process communication.
Course Outline: System Programming overview: Application Vs. System
Programming, System Software, Operating System, Device Drivers, OS Calls.
Window System Programming for Intel386 Architecture: 16 bit Vs 32 bit,
Programming, 32 bit Flat memory model, Windows Architecture. Virtual Machine
(VM)Basics, System Virtual Machine, Portable Executable Format, Ring O
Computer, Linear Executable format, Virtual Device Driver (V + D), New
Executable format, Module Management, COFF obj format 16 bit. (Unix) other
32-bit O.S Programming for I 386; Unix Binaryble format (ELF), Dynamic shared
objects, Unix Kernel Programming (Ring O), Unix Device Architecture (Character
& Block Devices), Device Driver Development, Enhancing Unix Kernel.
Reference Material: The UNIX Programming Environment, B. Kernighan & R.
Pike Prentice-Hall, 1984. System Software, Leland L. Beck, Addison-Wesley
Longmsan, 1990, ISBN: 0-201-
50945-8.
Course Name: Distributed Database Systems
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Data Base Systems
Objectives: The student will learn the design, algorithms and techniques involved
in distributed database system and their implementation.
Course Outline: Advanced data models. Conceptual Database design.
Concurrency control techniques. Recovery techniques. Query processing and
optimization. Integrity and security. Client-Server architecture. Distributed database
systems. Current trends in database systems. Database machines.

Reference Material: Distributed Databases: Principles and System, Ceri and

Pelagatti McGraw-Hil Book Company 1984, ISBN: 0-07-010829-3.
Course Name: Visual Programming
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Data Structures, Data and Network Security
Objectives: To development applications using various tools and APIs in visual
programming.

Course Outline: Introduction to Windows programming, Use of Windows API, MFC Class
hierarchy, Class Wizard, Application Wizard and Application Studio, Graphics Device
Interface, Menus, document view architecture, Multiple Views, files and archiving
mechanisms, converting Windows programmes to MFC, Sub-classing controls.
Reference Material: MFC from the Ground Up. Windows 98 API Programming. VC+ + A
complete References.

Course Name: International Relations(teacher dependent)

Course Structure: Lectures: 3 / Labs: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: None

Objectives: This course develops the understanding about the current affairs and inter-
relationship among the different countries of the world.

Course Outline: Meaning, Definition and Scope of International Relations, Nature, Evolution
and Significance of International Relations’ Concepts and Ideas:, Nation State: Sovereignty and
Security, System and Sub-Systems, Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, Power and Balance of Power,
National Interest
Regionalism, Globalization, State and Non State Actors, Human Rights and International
Relations., Religion, Ethics, Morality and Justice in International Relations
Reference Material:1. Columbus, Theodore, Introduction to International Relations: Power
and
Justice, New Delhi: Prentice Hall, 1992
2. Goldstine, Josha, International Relation, Washington DC: Pearson
Education, 2003.
3. Lawson, Stephanie International Relations, Cambridge; Polity, 2003.
4. Amstutz, Mark R., International Conflict and Cooperation: An
Introduction to World Politics. Chicago: Brown & Benchmark, 1995.
5. Griffiths, Martin, and Callaghan, Terry O’, International Relations: The
Key Concepts. London, Routledge, 2003.
6. Henderson, Conway W., International Relations: Conflict & Cooperation
at the Turn of the 21 st Century. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 1998.
7. Jackson, Robert and Sorensen, Georg, Introduction to International
Relations Theories and Approache, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
8. Papp, Denial S., Contemporary International Relations. (2 nd ed). New
York: Macmillan, 1988.

Semester VII I 12 Credit Hours

Course Name: Software Project Management

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3

Course Outline: Software Project management: Manage the development of software products,
software estimation, planning, monitoring and controlling, metrics and measurement, process
maturity, quality assurance, Software quality standards, human factors in people management,
leadership and team building.

Reference Material: Software project Management, by E.M.Bennatan

Course Name: E-Commerce:

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 / Labs: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Course Outline: Introduction to Ecommerce, two waves of Ecommerce, Ecommerce Models
and Architecture, History of Arpanet, Segmentation, Trading basics, Market Behavior, User
Attitude, achieving web presence goals, Client Side Scripting, Server Side Scripting, Basic Server
side Programming, Server Objects, Sessions, Open database Connectivity, SQL queries for
navigating between Web Server and Database Server. Website Design and Development, case
studies, mini project

Reference Material: Introduction to Ecommerce (Techmedia Series), Ecommerce Trading

(Schilber Chauts), Java Server Pages (Dietel & Dietel), Client Scripting in 24 days (Techmedia
Series)

Course Name: Senior Design Project

Course Structure: Lectures: 0 / Labs: 18 18 Credit Hours: 6
Prerequisites: Software Engineering – I, Data Base Systems, Computer
Architecture
Objectives: The software project involves research, conceive, plan and develop a
real and substantial project related to computer science. It provides an opportunity to
the students to crystallize their acquired professional competence
in the form of a demonstrable software product. Make oral and written project
presentations.
Resources:
Software Project Management in Practice by Jalote, Pankaj.