NAME:- IBRAHIM RIDWAN ADEMOLA

MATRIC NO:- 16/30GB067

DEPARTMENT:- CIVIL ENGINEERING

COURSE:- STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 3 {CVE463}

Question

I. For the structure shown below, state whether stable or unstable, determinate or indeterminate and state
the degree of static and kinematic indeterminacy.
II. Solve for the reactions using stiffness and flexibility methods.

1. 3

2.

SOLUTION TO QUESTION NUMBER ONE

1.

r = 4. Since r > 3, it is stable.

r – 3 = 1. Therefore, it is statically indeterminate to 1º.
Vertical and horizontal translation will occur at B. Therefore, it is kinematically indeterminate to 2º.

a. Using flexibility method.

Remove the redundant reaction at point B to make the beam to be statically determinate.
−Pa2( 3 L−a) −20 X 22 [3( 5)−2] −520
Δ= = =
6 EI 6 EI 3 EI

Remove the external load on the beam and replace the redundant with 1KN force

−Pl3 1 x 53 125
F= = =
3 EI 3 EI 3 EI

The compatibility equation is given by:-

Δ + FVB =0

−520 125
+ V =0 VB = 4.16KN. ↑
3 EI 3 EI B

Substitute VB into the original/actual beam

ΣFy=0↑+
VA + 4.16 = 10 VA = 20 – 4.16 VA = 15.84KN. ↑

ΣMA = 0 ⤸+
(-4.16 X 5) + (20 X 2) + (15.84 X 0) + (HA X 0) + M = 0
M = -19.2KNm M = 19.2KNm ⤹

ΣFx = 0 →+
HA = 0KN

b. Using stiffness method

Fix end B as below to make the beam to be kinematically determinate
Pb 2 a −Pa2 b Pa2 ( a+3 b) Pb 2( 3 a+b)
MA = MB = RB = RA =
L2 L2 L3 L3

Remove the external load and apply a unit rotation at B.

Also, determine the value of moment that caused that unit rotation.

From slope deflection equation, we know that

2 EI (2θ A+ θ B)
MAB = + FEMAB θ A = 0 θ B = 1.
L

2 EI [2(0)+ 1] 2 EI
MAB = = MAB =
L L

2 EI ¿ 4 EI
S= = S=
L L

ΣMA = 0 ⤸+
-S - MA - rBL = 0
4 EI 2 EI
- - = rB L
L L
−6 EI
rB =
L2
ΣFy = 0 ↑+
6 EI
rB + r A = O :- rA =
L2

Compatibility equation is given by:-

AD = ADL + SDL Note that DL = θ B
−Pa2 b 4 EI
0= + θB
L 2
L
−20 X 22 X 3 4 EI
0= + θ
5 2
5 B
12
𝜃B =
EI

Compatibility for reaction B is given by:-

RB = RBDL + rB θ B
Pa2 ( a+3 b) −6 EI 12
RB = + 2 X
L 3
L EI
RB = 4.16KN. ↑

Go back to the original structure and substitute for RA and M.

ΣFy = 0 ↑+
RA + RB = 20
RA =20 – 4.16 RA = 15.84KN. ↑

ΣMA = 0 ⤸+
(- 4.16 X 5) + (20 X 2) + M = 0 M = 19.2KNm ⤹

SOLUTION TO QUESTION NUMBER 2

2.

r = 4. Since r > 3, it is stable.

r – 3 = 1. Therefore, it is statically indeterminate to 1º.
Vertical and horizontal translation will occur at end B. Therefore, it is kinematically indeterminate to
2º.

a. Using flexibility method

Remove the redundant moment at joint A as to make the beam to be statically determinate.
DIAGRAM
wl 3 Pl 2 495
θA = + θA =
8 EI 16 EI 4 EI
Remove the external load and apply a unit moment at joint A.

−ML
f=
3 EI
Compatibility equation is given by:-
DL = θ A + Fm
495 6
0= – xM
4 EI 3 EI
M = 61.875KNm ⤹
Insert the value of M in the original structure.

ΣMA = 0 ⤸+
(-RB x 6) + (15 x 3) + (10 x 6 x 3) – 61.875 = 0

RB = 27.1875KN ↑

Σfy = 0 ↑+
RA + RB = 15 + (10 X 60)
RA = 60 + 15 – 27.1875 RA = 47.8125KN ↑

b. Using stiffness method

Fix end B to make the beam to be kinematically determinate.

wl P wl 2 Pl
RA = R B = + FEMA = -FEMB = +
2 2 12 8
Remove the external loads and provide a unit rotation at B and calculate the moment that caused that
unit rotation.
DIAGRAM
4 EI 2 EI 6 EI −6 EI
S= MAB = rA = 2 rB =
L L L L2

Compatibility equation is given by:-

AD = ADL + SDL DL = θ B

wl 2 Pl 4 EI 495
0=-[ + ]+ θB θB =
12 8 L 8 EI

Compatibility equation at B is given by

RB = RBDL + rB θ B
wl P 6 EI 495 10 x 6 15 6 495
RB = [ + ] – 2 x = [ + ]– x
2 2 L 8 EI 2 2 36 8
RB = 27.1875KN ↑

Compatibility equation at A is given by:-

RA = RADL + rA θ B
wl P 6 EI 495 10 x 6 15 6 495
RA = [ + ]+ 2 x = [ + ]+ x
2 2 L 8 EI 2 2 36 8
RA = 47.8125KN ↑

2 EI (2θ A+ θ B)
MAB = + FEMAB
L
2 EI 495 wl 2 Pl 2 X 495 10 X 36 15 X 6
MAB = [ ]+[ + ] = +[ + ]
L 8 EI 12 8 6X8 12 8
MAB = 61.875KNm ⤹

SOLUTION TO QUESTION NUMBER THREE

3.

r = 6. Since r > 3, it is stable.

r – 3 = 3. Therefore, it is statically indeterminate to 1º.
With visual inspection, no translation or rotation will occur at both ends because it is fixed.
Therefore, it is kinematically indeterminate to 0º.

Using flexibility method

Remove the moment at end A, the horizontal translation and moment at B to make the beam to be
statically determinate.

DIAGRAM

Pb ( L2−b2 ) Pa(L2 −a2 )

θA = θB =
6 EIL 6 EIL

30 X 2(52−22 ) 30 X 3 (52−32 )
θA = θB =
6 EI X 5 6 EI X 5

42 48
θA = θA =
EI EI

DIAGRAM

Remove the external load and provide a unit moment at end A.

DIAGRAM

ML 5 ML 5
F11 = = F21 = =
3 EI 3 EI 6 EI 6 EI

DIAGRAM
ML 5 ML 5
F12 = = F22 = =
6 EI 6 EI 3 EI 3 EI

Compatibility equation is given by:-

5 5
θ A + F11MA + F12MB = 0 42 + M + M =0
3 A 6 B

5 5
θ B + F21MA + F22MB = 0 48 + MA + MB = 0
6 3

Solving simultaneously, we have

MA = 14.4 KNm ⤹ MB = 21.6 KNm ⤸

DIAGRAM

ΣMA = 0 ⤸+
21.6 + (30 x 3) – 14.4 – (RB x 5 ) = 0
RB = 19.44 KN ↑

ΣFy=0↑+
RA + RB = 30
RA = 30 – 19.44 RA = 10.56 KN ↑

Using stiffness method

The degree of kinematic indeterminacy is ZERO. Therefore, the values of the reactions can be gotten
from the stiffness table directly.

DIAGRAM

Pb 2 a 30 X 22 X 3
MA = = = 14.4 KNm ⤹
L2 52
Pa2 b 30 X 3 2 X 2
MB = = = 21.6 KNm ⤸
L2 52

Pb 2(3 a+b) 30 x 22 (9+2)

RA = = = 10.56 KN ↑
L3 53

Pa2 ( a+3 b) 30 x 32 (3+6)

RB = = = 19.44 KN ↑
L3 53