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Software Testing Foundation - ISTQB-ISEB Topics Why Is Testing Necessary?

The document provides an overview of software testing fundamentals including: 1. Why testing is necessary to find defects, prevent failures, and gain confidence in software quality. It discusses testing objectives and principles. 2. The fundamental test process including planning, analysis, implementation, execution, evaluation, and reporting. 3. Factors that influence testing such as the psychology of developers and testers, test independence, and codes of ethics.

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173 views

Software Testing Foundation - ISTQB-ISEB Topics Why Is Testing Necessary?

The document provides an overview of software testing fundamentals including: 1. Why testing is necessary to find defects, prevent failures, and gain confidence in software quality. It discusses testing objectives and principles. 2. The fundamental test process including planning, analysis, implementation, execution, evaluation, and reporting. 3. Factors that influence testing such as the psychology of developers and testers, test independence, and codes of ethics.

Uploaded by

nirvana nirvana
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 1 – FOUNDATION LEVEL

Software Testing
Foundation – ISTQB-
ISEB Topics

1. Fundamentals Why is Testing Human -> Error (mistake) -> Defect (fault,
of Testing Necessary? bug) which when executed may cause ->
Failure
Measures the quality of the software
Gives confidence in the quality
Reduces the overall level of risk
How much testing? Depends on risk, safety
& project constraints

Testing Objectives Finding Defects


Providing information for decision-making
Preventing defects
Gaining confidence about the level of quality

Seven Testing Principles Testing shows presence of defects


Exhaustive testing is impossible
Early testing
Defect clustering
Pesticide paradox
Testing is context dependent
Absence-of-error fallacy

Fundamental Test Planning & Control


Process Analysis & Design
Implementation & Execution
Evaluating Exit Criteria & Reporting
Test Closure

The Psychology of Mindset of Developer & Tester


Testing Communication in a constructive manner
Test Independence

Code of Ethics Code is necessary, among other reasons, to


ensure information accessed by testers are
not put to inappropriate use.
The success of testing is not influenced by the Psychological factor :
1. Blindness to one s own errors
2. Clear test objectives determine testers effectiveness
3. Gaining confidence about the level of quality and providing information
4. Courteous communication and feedback on defects 

Defects occur not because of


1. Complexity of Infrastructure
2. Execution of software by changing hardware conditions
3. System interactions
4. Changed technologies

Which activity in the fundamental test process includes evaluation of the testability
of the requirements and the system?
1. Testing implementation and execution
2. Test analysis
3. Test analysis and design
4. Test planning and control

Which of the following is a major task of test planning?


1. Determining test approach
2. evaluating entry criteria
3. Preparing test specifications
4. Measuring and analyzing results.

Which of the following is a major task of test planning?


1. Determining test approach
2. evaluating entry criteria
3. Preparing test specifications
4. Measuring and analyzing results.

Which of the following statements about regression testing is false?

1. regression testing should be performed whenever software is changed.


2. Regression tests can be run many times
3. Automated regression testing is always more efficient than manual regression
testing.
4. Regression tests should be reviewed to ensure that they are still relevant to
the business

What is true of a quality system?


 A. It is secure
 B. It meets specified requirements, customer needs
 C. It costs more than other systems with the same feature
 D. It was delivered on time and budget.

A phone ringing in an adjacent cubicle momentarily distracts a a programmer,


causing him to improperly program the logic that checks the upper boundary of an
input variable. Later, during system testing, a tester notices that this variable
accepts input values. The improperly coded logic for the upper boundary check is :
1. The root cause
2. The error
3. The defect
4. The Failure

Which of the following is not a test objective


1. Gaining confidence about the quality of the code
2. finding defects
3. Analyzing cause of failure
4. Preventing defects

Which of the following is a general testing principle?


1. Exploratory testing
2. Confirmation testing
3. Defect masking or Defect clustering
4. Defect masking
A programmer is working on code which is very complex. Which of the following is
a general testing principle that may affect his work?
1. Pesticide Paradox
2. Component testing
3. Defect clustering
4. Early testing

Which of the following is a fundamental test activity?


1. Test design and Implementation
2. Test Implementation and Execution
3. Test Planning and design
4. Evaluating Test plan

What is operational testing?


1. Testing the changes to an operational system or the impact of a changed
environment to an operational system 
2. Testing conducted to evaluate a component or system in its operational
environment
3. Acceptance testing by users or customers at their site, normally including h/w as
well as s/w
4. The process of testing to determine the maintainability of a software product.

A programmer is writing and executing unit tests against code which he has
written. Which of the following is a tester mindset that the programmer should
adopt to perform unit testing effectively?
1. Good communication skills
2. Code coverage
3. Probe effect
4. Attention to detail

What does a test design specification contain?


1. Test Inputs
2. Expected results
3. Procedure steps
4. Test conditions

Test control is done to compare project progress


1. At initial stage of the project plan
2. when defining the entry and exit criteria of the project
3. When defining the entry criteria
4. throughout the project

What is a Test condition?


1. An item or event of a component or system that could be verified by one or
more test cases
2. A condition or capability needed by a user to solve a problem or achieve an
objective that must be met or possessed by a system or system component to
satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed document.
3. An approach to testing in which test cases are designed based on test objectives
and test conditions derived from requirements
4. A set of input values, execution preconditions, expected results and execution
post conditions.

During which fundamental test process activity we determine if more Test s are
needed?
 A. Test analysis and design
 B. Test implementation and execution
 C. Test exit criteria
 D. Test entry criteria

A fault fix doesn't cause side effect endured by--------


1. Re testing
2. Regression testing
3. Functional testing
4. Unit testing
Which is not an exit criteria measure

1. Cost
2. Time
3. No of resources
4. Fault found or coverage

A useful glossary of terms used in software testing is called BS___________ 

1. BS 7925 -1
2. BS 7295 -1
3. BS 7529 - 5
4. BS 7952- 5

The component test plan must consist of a single document


1. True
2. False

Writing test summary report is an test closure activity


1. True
2. False

Testing Must be Planned is stated in 


1. Bill hetzel principle
2. Ed Kit principle
3. IEEE 829
4. IEEE 829

The component test plan must specify test completion criteria?


1. True
2. False
IEEE standard for software test documentation is
 A. IEEE 829 -2008 or IEEE 829
 B. IEEE 827
 C. IEEE 828
 D. IEEE 8295

We split testing into distinct stages primarily because:

 Each test stage has a different purpose


  It is easier to manage testing in stages

  We can run different tests in different environments

  The more stages we have, the better the testing

Which of the following is not a quality characteristic listed in ISO 9126 Standard?

Functinality

Usability

Supportability

Maintainability

Which of the following is NOT included in the Test Plan document of the Test
Documentation Standard:

 Test items (i.e. software versions)


  What is not to be tested

  Test environments

  Quality plans

  Schedules and deadlines

Which of the following is NOT included in the Test Plan document of the Test
Documentation Standard?

 What is not to be tested


  Test environment properties

  Quality plans

  Schedules and deadlines

Test managers should not:


 Report on deviations from the project plan
  Sign the system off for release

  Re-allocate resource to meet original plans

  Raise incidents on faults that they have found

IEEE 829 test plan documentation standard contains all of the following except

 Test Items
  Test deliverables

  Test tasks

  Test specifications

In prioritising what to test, the most important objective is to:

 Find as many faults as possible


  Test high risk areas

  Obtain good test coverage

  Test whatever is easiest to test

Which of these activities provides the biggest potential cost saving from the use of
CAST?

 Test management
  Test Design

  Test Execution

  Test Planning

 Given the following sets of test management terms (v-z), and activity
descriptions (1-5), which one of the following best pairs the two sets?

 v – test control
w – test monitoring
x – test estimation
y – incident management
z – configuration control

 1 – calculation of required test resources


2 – maintenance of record of test results
3 – re-allocation of resources when tests overrun
4 – report on deviation from test plan
5 – tracking of anomalous test results

 v-3,w-2,x-1,y-5,z-4

  v-2,w-5,x-1,y-4,z-3

  v-3,w-4,x-1,y-5,z-2

  v-2,w-1,x-4,y-3,z-5

Which of the following would NOT normally form part of a test plan?

 Features to be tested
  Incident reports

  Risks

  Schedule

Enough testing has been performed when:

 Time runs out


  The required level of confidence has been achieved

  No more faults are found

  The users won’t find any serious faults

What is the purpose of a test completion criterion?

 To know when a specific test has finished its execution


  To ensure that the test case specification is complete

  To set the criteria used in generating test inputs

  To determine when to stop testing

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