LET’S TALK ABOUT COMPUTER

Understanding Basic Computer Concepts

Quarter 1 Week 2 Module 2

Most Essential Learning Competency 2 – Performing Computer

Operations

2.1. PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TASK TO BE UNDERTAKEN

2.2. INPUT DATA INTO COMPUTER

HOW DO YOU USE THIS MODULE?

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you
while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the
objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances learning, that
is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the lessons
in the module.

• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be mastered
throughout the lesson.

• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings and skills
did you understand from the previous lesson.

• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.

• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.

• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons.

• Check your Understanding- It will verify how you learned from the lesson.

• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire module.
MELC – PERFORMING COMPUTER OPERATIONS

EXPECTATION:
After reading this MODULE, STUDENT(S) MUST be able to:
• identify appropriate hardware and software used in computer operations;
• input data into computers using different software; and
• explain the difference between hardware and software.

PRE - TEST
DIRECTIONS: Read the questions carefully and ENCIRCLE the letter of the correct
answer.
1. It is an electronic device that is used to manipulate data, so that useful
information can be generated.
A. Computer C. Radio
B. Digital Box D. Television
2. Part of a computer that is considered as the primary input device.
A. Hard Disk Drive C. Monitor
B. Keyboard D. Mouse
3. It is considered as the brain of the computer unit.
A. Arithmetic Logic Unit C. Control Unit
B. Central Processing Unit D. Peripheral Devices
4. Is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a
surface.
A. Hard Disk Drive C. Monitor
B. Keyboard D. Mouse
5. It is the temporary data storage space of a computer.
A. CD/DVD Drives C. Random Access Memory (RAM)
B. Hard Disk Drives D. Read-Only Memory (ROM)
6. The primary output device of a computer.
A. Camera C. Printer
B. Monitor D. Scanner
7. It refers to the set of instruction that is installed into the computer.
A. Hard Copy C. Peopleware
B. Hardware D. Software
8. This is the term that is used to describe the persons involved in the computing
process.
A. Hard Copy C. Peopleware
B. Hardware D. Software
9. A software that is created in order to create harm or havoc in your computer.
A. Deep Web C. Virus
B. Freeware D. Worm
10. What do you call with the output coming from the printer?
A. Duplicate copy C. Soft Copy
B. Hard Copy D. All of the Choices
LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

DIRECTION: Identify the name of the following electronic components below. Write your
answers on the spaces provided.

1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. _____________

4. _____________ 5. ____________

TOPIC 2.1: PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TASK TO BE

UNDERTAKEN
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

Planning is the most critical stage in every task to do. Everything you’ll need should
be critically scrutinized during this stage. In this Module, you will learn on what are the different
parts of a computer and how each part works.

Before we proceed to the topic, let us first define the meaning of COMPUTER.
Computer is an electronic device that is used to process or manipulate data, so that
useful information can be generated. While most of it works on a microscopic level, it
certainly has recognizable macroscopic components that contribute to its uses.

HOW COMPUTER WORKS?

The computer does its

primary work in a part of the
machine we cannot see, a control
center that converts data input to
information output. This control
center, called the central
processing unit (CPU), is a highly
complex, extensive set of
electronic circuitries that executes
stored program instructions.
COMPUTER HARDWARE – it refers to the tangible devices that made up the
the computer unit.

PARTS OF THE COMPUTER

1. The motherboard is lovingly named, because

it is either the origin point of other parts of the
computer or where every other component
connects to. The motherboard is basically a
circuit board of a decent size, depending on
the size of the computer we’re dealing with. It
acts as a nexus of sorts because it facilitates
the communication of the other components in
the computer.
2. The power supply, as you might have already
guessed is the powerhouse of the computer. It
ensures that every other component gets the
juice that it needs to function properly. It is
plugged into the motherboard, where it
supplies power to the other components of the
computer.
3. You may have heard of the cliché that the
Central Processing Unit is the brain of the
computer. Well, the only reason it’s a cliché is
that it’s true. The central processing unit, or
CPU, is where all the magic happens. It is to
the computer and what an engine is to a car.
The CPU mainly does mathematical and
logical tasks. It will make a bunch of
calculations to ensure the functions of the
computer are carried out efficiently.
4. The Random-Access Memory, or RAM, is a
temporary form of memory. When you open an
application in our computer, the computer will
place that application and all its data in the
RAM. When you close the application, then
space in the RAM is freed. That is why your
computer gets so slow when you have too
many applications open; your RAM is probably
being used at capacity.
5. The hard drive or solid-state drive -
Traditionally, the hard drive is a drum with
several platters piled on it and spinning, and
physical arm then writes data onto these
platters. These disks are very slow because of
the mechanics through which data is stored,
although latest hard drives, solid state drives,
are much faster.
6. The video card is a dedicated component that
enhance the image output by your monitor display.
They come with their own RAM, dedicated to this
singular purpose. If your work involves highly visual
work at very high definitions, then you should get
yourself a video card to take the load off your RAM.
7. An optical drive is used to read CDs and DVDs,
which can be used to listen to music or watch
movies. They can also be used to install software,
play games, or write new information into a disk.
8. A computer keyboard is an input device used with
all types of computers. It is also referred to as the
primary input device of a computer. It comes with
different parts: escape key, function keys,
alphanumeric keys, booster keys, arrow keys, special
purpose key and the numeric keypad; each of them
has a specific purpose.
9. The Mouse - Is a hand-held pointing device that
detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface. It
moves a pointer on the screen, allowing the user to
select icons, buttons, menus, and other ‘screen
objects. It has four mouse actions: left click – select,
right click – to show options, double click – execute and
drag and drop.

THE COMPUTER SOFTWARE – are the set of instructions or programs installed

into the system so that computer will work
according to what we want it to perform.

TYPES OF SOFTWARE
1. Operating System - is a software which acts as an interface between the end
user and computer hardware. Every computer must have at least one OS to run
other programs. An application like Chrome, MS Word, Games, etc. needs some
environment in which it will run and perform its task. The OS helps you to
communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's
language. It is not possible for the user to use any computer or mobile device
without having an operating system. Some of the operating systems in the market
are Microsoft Windows (Windows OS), Apple Operating System (MAC OS) and
the LINUX OS. The most commonly used operating system in our country is the
Windows OS.
2. Application Software - is a program or group of programs designed for end
users. Examples of an application include a word processor, a spreadsheet,
an accounting application, a web browser, an email client, a media player, a file
viewer, simulators, a console game or a photo editor. The collective
noun application software refers to all applications collectively.
ACTIVITY

WORKSHEET 2.1
Name: Date:
Gr & Sec: Teacher:

ACTIVITY TITLE: COMPUTER CROSSWORD PUZZLE

DIRECTIONS: Complete the puzzle shown following the hints given for a specific
number.

REMEMBER

• Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as

the case, central processing unit (CPU), monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data
storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard.
• By contrast, Computer software is the set of instructions that can be stored and run
by hardware. Hardware is so-termed because it is "hard" or rigid with respect to
changes, whereas software is "soft" because it is easy to change. It is classified into
operating System (OS) and application program (AP).

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 2.1

DIRECTIONS: Identify the images shown in Column A. Write your answer in Column B.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

TOPIC 2.2: INPUT DATA INTO THE COMPUTER USING

MICROSOFT WORD APPLICATION PROGRAM.

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

This module is a first step towards exploring the possibilities of MS Word. It will
introduce you the Word Basics, Starting the Word Application, closing a document, Exiting
the Word Application, Manipulating the Program and Document Windows. Word processing
allows you to Copy, Paste, Cut, and Move Texts with ease.

HOW TO START MICROSOFT WORD?

1. Using your mouse, click Start then select Word from the menu.
2. The new Ms Word window environment will open and is now ready for encoding.

CLOSING A DOCUMENT AND EXITING WORD

You can close a document after you finish working on it. Closing a document
make more computer memory available for other processes. Closing a document is
different from exiting Word. Word continues to run even after you close the document.
When you’re finished using word, you can exit the program. To protect a document,
always exit from Word before turning off the computer

CLOSING A DOCUMENT
1. On the file menu, click close. You may also click X on the document window.

2. You may also use CTRL + F4 on your keyboard

EXITING A WORD DOCUMENT

1. On the file menu click Exit. You may also press ALT + F4 on your keyboard.
UNDERSTANDING MICROSOFT WORD ELEMENTS

1. Title Bar – displays the program name, MS word. If you have a document opened
and maximized, the name of the document appears too.
2. Menu bar – contains the name of the Word menus that are available. The menus
changes depending on the task at hand.
3. Minimize button – expand the program window to a button on the task bar.
4. Maximize button – expand the program window so it fills the entire screen.
When you click this button, a Restore button appears in its place. You can click
the latter to restore the window to its original size.
5. Close button – closes the program window and exits the program.
6. Toolbars – contain buttons that you may click to carry out commands that you
use most frequently. You can display additional toolbars as you need them.
7. Task pane – appears on the right side of the screen by default, to quickly perform
searches, open or start new document, and view the content of the clipboard and
format their documents.
8. Horizontal scroll bar – move you to the left or right portion of the document. The
vertical scroll bar moves you to the previous or next page of the document. You
can drag the vertical scrollbar to move to different page faster.
9. Cursor or Insertion Point – is the blingking vertical line in the document window
that indicates where the next chapter typed on the key board will appear.
10. Document window – displays the document you’re currently working on.
11. Vertical and Horizontal ruler – acts as guides when moving and aligning
objects.
12. View Buttons – is used for to switch to different document views.
13. Status bar – indicates information about a command or toolbar button, an
operation in progress, or the location of the insertion point.
14. Browse button – makes navigation through a document faster and easier.
15. Window Control Menu Button – is the word icon on the left of the tittle bar. It is
one of the many ways you can maximize ,minimize ,restore , close and move the
program window.

MICROSOFT WORD VIEWS

1. Normal View – it is the preset view. It allows you to type, edit and format exts. It
shows text formatting but simplifies the layout so that you can type and edit
quickly.

2. Web Layout View – displays the document in Word as it would appear in a

webPage. In a web layout view you can see Auto shape, backgrounds and other
effects commonly used in web documents.
3. Print Layout View – you can see how the object will be positioned on the printed
page. This view is used for editing headers and footers, for adjusting margins
and working with columns, drawing, objects and frames.

4. Outline View – makes it easier for you to look at the structure of a document. You
can quickly move, copy and reorganize text by dragging headings. You can
collapse a document. You can also expand it to see the entire document.

CREATING A NEW DOCUMENT

1. Click File choose New..
SAVING A DOCUMENT
1. Click File choose Save As..

2. Select the folder where you want to save. Type the filename, then click Save.
ACTIVITY

WORKSHEET 2.2 A
Name: Date:
Gr & Sec: Teacher:

ACTIVITY TITLE: PARTS OF THE MICROSOFT WORD WINDOWS

DIRECTIONS: Identify the parts of the Microsoft Word Windows.

WORKSHEET 2.2 B
Name: Date:
Gr & Sec: Teacher:

ACTIVITY TITLE: HANDS ON ACTIVITY

DIRECTIONS: Type the selection below using Microsoft Word following specific
instructions:
1. Open Microsoft Word and choose new document.
2. Center the title in all capital letters.
3. Use Arial font and size 12.
4. Save it on your desktop with Your name as its file name.
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created a global
health crisis that has had a deep impact on the way we perceive our world and our
everyday lives. Not only the rate of contagion and patterns of transmission threatens
our sense of agency, but the safety measures put in place to contain the spread of the
virus also require social distancing by refraining from doing what is inherently human,
which is to find solace in the company of others. Within this context of physical threat,
social and physical distancing, as well as public alarm, what has been (and can be) the
role of the different mass media channels in our lives on individual, social and societal
levels?

REMEMBER

• Microsoft Word is a complete word processing system that you can use to create many
kinds of documents such as letters, memos, researches and projects.
• As a student you need to have a basic knowledge on how to manipulate this powerful
application program.
• In all your MS Word activity you must save your files in an organized manner for easy
access of the files whenever you need it.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 2.2

DIRECTIONS: Draw a line from the word to its correct definition.

POST - TEST
DIRECTIONS: Read the questions carefully and ENCIRCLE the letter of the correct
answer.
1. It is an electronic device that is used to manipulate data, so that useful
information can be generated.
A. Computer C. Radio
B. Digital Box D. Television
2. Part of a computer that is considered as the primary input device.
A. Hard Disk Drive C. Monitor
B. Keyboard D. Mouse
3. It is considered as the brain of the computer unit.
A. Arithmetic Logic Unit C. Control Unit
B. Central Processing Unit D. Peripheral Devices
4. Is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a
surface.
A. Hard Disk Drive C. Monitor
B. Keyboard D. Mouse
5. It is the temporary data storage space of a computer.
A. CD/DVD Drives C. Random Access Memory (RAM)
B. Hard Disk Drives D. Read-Only Memory (ROM)
6. The primary output device of a computer.
A. Camera C. Printer
B. Monitor D. Scanner
7. It refers to the set of instruction that is installed into the computer.
A. Hard Copy C. Peopleware
B. Hardware D. Software
8. This is the term that is used to describe the persons involved in the computing
process.
A. Hard Copy C. Peopleware
B. Hardware D. Software
9. A software that is created in order to create harm or havoc in your computer.
A. Deep Web C. Virus
B. Freeware D. Worm
10. What do you call with the output coming from the printer?
A. Duplicate copy C. Soft Copy
B. Hard Copy D. All of the Choices
11. A complete word processing program that you can use to create many kinds of
documents.
A. MS Excel C. MS Publisher
B. MS PowerPoint D. MS Word
12. It is the preset or the default view of MS Word application program.
A. Normal View C. Outline View
B. Print Layout View D. Web Layout View
13. Part of the MS word window that displays the program name or the filename of
the document you are working with.
A. Close Button C. Title Bar
B. Menu Bar D. View Buttons
14. It is used to switch different document views.
A. Close Button C. Title Bar
B. Menu Bar D. View Buttons
15. It indicates information about a command or toolbar button, an operation in
progress or the location of the insertion point.
A. Browse Button C. Task pane
B. Status bar D. Toolbar
16. It is the vertical blinking line in the document window that indicates where the
next character that you typed will appear.
A. Cursor C. Menu Bar
B. Document Window D. Title Bar
17. It contains buttons that you may click to carry out commands that you use most
frequently.
A. Browse Button C. Task pane
B. Status bar D. Toolbar
18. What shortcut command will you use if you want to CLOSE a word document?
A. ALT + F3 C. CTRL + F3
B. ALT + F4 D. CTRL + F4
19. What shortcut command will you use if you want to EXIT a word document?
A. ALT + F3 C. CTRL + F3
B. ALT + F4 D. CTRL + F4
20. It is a portable computer that you can carry with you.
A. Desktop Computer C. Mainframe
B. Laptop D. Minicomputer

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

I learned that…
___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
ANSWER KEY
Looking back to your lesson:
1. Capacitor
2. Transistor
3. Resistor
4. Antenna
5. Diode

Check your understanding 2.1 Check your understanding 2.2

1. Mouse 1. F 6. B
2. Video Card 2. C 7. D
3. Operating System 3. A
4. Printer 4. E
5. Motherboard 5. G

WORK SHEET 2.1 WORK SHEET 2.2A

1. CPU 1. Print Preview
2. LINUX 2. Spell Check
3. POWER SUPPLY 3. New
4. MOUSE 4. Print
5. KEYBOARD 5. Font Style
6. WINDOWS 6. Font Size
7. SOFTWARE 7. Italic
8. HARDWARE 8. Center Align
9. RAM 9. Bulleting
10. Vertical Scroll Bar

PRE - TEST POST - TEST

1. A 1. A 11. D
2. B 2. B 12. A
3. B 3. B 13. C
4. D 4. D 14. D
5. C 5. C 15. B
6. C 6. C 16. A
7. D 7. D 17. D
8. C 8. C 18. D
9. C 9. C 19. B
10. B 10. B 20. B
REFERENCES
• K to 12 Electronics Module for Computer Systems Servicing
• Innovate: A mentors Guide to ICT Foundation Competencies
• https://smallbusiness.chron.com/parts-computer-uses-54052.html
• https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch001689.htm
• https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-functions-of-a-computer-mouse
• https://www.guru99.com/operating-system-tutorial.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software
• https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/what-is-a-computer/1/
• The Computer Knowledge Book

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This module was outlined based on the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC)
for S.Y. 2020-2021, the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Guide and the Learning
Continuity Plan (LCP) for Electronic Products Assembly and Servicing NC II.

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Marjon G. Arias

Master Teacher II, Manuel A. Roxas High School

Editor: Dr. Ariel D. Tosio, EPS – TLE-TE / VOC

Reviewer/Validator: Reynaldo Weber, HT-VI

Illustrator: Marjon G. Arias

Master Teacher II, Manuel A. Roxas High School

Layout Artist: Marjon G. Arias

Master Teacher II, Manuel A. Roxas High School

Management Team: Malcolm S. Garma, Regional Director

Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief

Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS in Charge of LRMS

and Regional ADM Coordinator

Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V, Schools Division

Superintendent

Aida H. Rondilla, Chief-CID

Lucky S. Carpio, Division EPS In-Charge of LRMS and

Division ADM Coordinator