Romblon State University

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY

Odiongan, Romblon

Learning Module
in
PE 103
Fundamentals of Sports and
Games
INTRODUCTION

The Fundamentals of Games and Sports module is designed to explore

knowledge and skills that will assist you in improving your body’s mental and physical
fitness. Through engaging in sports and games, a student learns a range of skills,
experiences and trust that help to grow his personality. The researcher is also showing
that schooling without sports is incomplete. Compared to average citizens, sports
players are often more active, safer and disease free.

Studying Fundamentals of Games and Sports plays a significant role in human

personality development. Such games also play a crucial role in the mental growth of
student. Sports are an important part of our lives. It teaches us how to stay strong and
healthy and is measuring our physical abilities.

This module will the source of information for you to acquire knowledge and skills
in particular lesson independently and at your own pace with minimum supervision or
help from your instructor.

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Module

1
Introduction to Games and
Sports

Learning Outcomes:

 Classify sports activities based on its nature of skills and participation

Learning Objectives:
 Discuss the definition of sports, history and development, importance and
objectives.
 Clarify the meaning of Sports, its history & development, and its significance
in physical fitness development & maintenance.
 Explain the various sports activities and their impact on physical fitness
development and maintenance.

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HISTORY OF GAMES AND SPORTS

Games and sports have been around for thousands of years. The Egyptians' senet is the
earliest example of a board game and dates back to 3000 B.C. The first traces of competitive
sports also go back to the Egyptians around 2000 B.C. In an Egyptian tomb at Beni Hasan,
archaeologists found numerous wrestling pictures depicting many holds and moves that are still
used today, according to HistoryWorld.net.

Sport has been recorded for centuries. In fact, the sport of wrestling is depicted on
ancient Egyptian urns known to be older than 4000 years. Formal sport was a natural follow-up
to the games children played in many cultures and in different countries.
The ancient Greeks are considered to be the originators of competitive sport. Their
intercity competitions evolved into the original Olympic Games, which carried over to the Roman
gladiator sports. Throughout medieval times, productive work was considered of utmost
importance, and games and sport were considered to be trivial, unless they were used in
preparation for war and combat. Eventually, with the reincarnation of the Olympic Games in
1896 by Baron Pierre de Coubertin of France, a venue was made available for international
competition at the amateur level. By the 1970s, professional sport had begun to permeate many
sports, and the concept of amateur was removed from the Olympics in the 1980s.

The modern Olympic Games have the greatest economic impact of any world-wide
event and have the greatest media coverage of any event up to and including the two weeks of
competition. Unfortunately, drug use and abuse have taken away some of the glitter from sport
and even from the Olympics, but modern technology and people’s innate love of sport are
working towards overcoming this problem.

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DEFINITIONS

Sports - is an activity that requires physical actions and skills where individuals or
teams compete under a set of rules.
Games - is a recreational activity involving one or more players, defined by a goal that
the players try to reach, and some set of rules to play it.

Types of Sports

1. Individual sports- played by one participant on each competing side.

2. Dual sports- played by two competing pairs.
3. Team sports- played by three or more players.

Types of Games

There are two types of games such as Indoor Games and outdoors Games.

 Indoor Games – Indoor games mean play in the rooms and halls example cards,
carrom, ludo, chess etc. are the most common games. Any indoor games help us
to practice essential cognitive skills and enhance the parts of brain responsible
for complex thought and memory formation. Creative indoor games help the
brain retain and build cognitive associations well in old age.
 Outdoor Games – Outdoor games mean play in the open place and play
grounds example Hockey, Cricket, Tennis, etc. This game is most important for
student’s life.

Need of Games

Games and Sports are very necessary of life. It provides the best exercise to the body.
The shade body becomes active physical exercise is very important for digestion. In this
way games and sports not only fresh the mind but improve digestion and fill in the hung

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with pure air. Games and sports make the students active and fresh. It also teaches
students the value of discipline.

TYPES OF SPORTS
Sports is categories into three (3): individual, dual and team sports. Below are some
examples as well as basic skills used in each type of sports.

INDIVIDUAL/DUAL SPORTS

Individual sports are those played by one person against another or against a number of
solo players .A dual sport (not to be confused with team sports) is played by partners (two
people) against another set of partners or a number of sets of partners. Examples of sports that
can be played as individual &/or dual include, bowling, tennis, badminton, golf, figure skating,
and so on. 

Table Tennis
is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball, also known as the ping-pong
ball, back and forth across a table using small rackets. The game takes place on a hard table
divided by a net. A point is scored when a player fails to return the ball within the rules. Play is
fast and demands quick reactions. Spinning the ball alters its trajectory and limits an opponent's
options, giving the hitter a great advantage.
1. Grip • Shakehand Grip • Penhold
Grip
2. Ready Position
3. Forehand and Backhand
4. Basic hitting
5. Topsin Serve
6. Basic Position, Forehand and
Backhand Drive
7. Forehand and Backhand Push

Badminton

is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. Although it

may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one
player per side) and "doubles" (with two players per side). Points are scored by striking the
shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it
within the opposing side's half of the court.
1. Grip • Handshake Grip (forehand
and backhand)
2. Ready Position and footwork

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3. Serve • Long serve • Short serve (forehand and backhand)
4. Forehand and Backhand Overhead Stroke
5. Forehand and Backhand Clear
6. Forehand and Backhand Drop
7. Forehand and Backhand Smash
8. Forehand and Backhand Drive

TEAM SPORTS

A team sport includes any sport where individuals are organized into

opposing teams which compete to win. Team members act together towards a shared objective.
This can be done in a number of ways such as outscoring the opposing team. Team members
set goals, make decisions, communicate, manage conflict, and solve problems in a supportive,
trusting atmosphere in order to accomplish their objectives. Examples
are basketball, volleyball, rugby, handball, lacrosse, cricket, baseball, and the various forms
of association football and hockey.

Volleyball

is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries
to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules.

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1. Stance (ready position of the body and foot)
2. Service (Underhand, sidearm, and overhand serve)
3. Tossing (underhand and overhand or finger toss)
4. Passing/receiving (Forearm pass, Overhand, and dig pass)
5. Attacking
6. Blocking
7. Defensive skills (Rolling/Sliding)

Basketball
is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly
of five players each, opposing one another on a
rectangular court, compete with the primary objective
of shooting a basketball through the defender's hoop while
preventing the opposing team from shooting through their
own hoop.

1. Footwork
2. Pivoting
3. Catching the Ball
4. Dribbling
5. Passing
6. Shooting
7. Rebounding

Softball

is a game similar to baseball played with a larger ball (11 to 16 in. circumference) on a

field that has base lengths of 60 feet, a pitcher's mound that ranges from 43–50 feet away from
home plate, and a home run fence that is 220–300 feet away from home plate, depending on

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the type of softball being played.The name "softball" was given to the game in 1926,[4] because
the ball used to be soft; however, in modern-day usage, the balls are hard.

1. Throwing
2. Catching
3. Fielding Flyballs and Ground Balls
4. Playing Catcher
5. Pitching
6. Batting
7. Base running
8. Sliding

Some of the important aspects to consider in learning a sport:

1. History
2. Court Dimensions/ Venue
3. Equipment and Gear
4. Technical and Tactical Skills
5. Rules of the Game
6. Officiating

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IMPORTANCE OF SPORTS AND GAMES

 Sports give us a good exercise which makes us physically strong and increases our
stamina and strength. Regular Sports activities make us active and lead to good
Health.
 Playing Games makes us aware of our environment i.e. Makes us mentally awake
and increases our concentration power.
 Various Games needs good strategies for better performance and teamwork, so it
increases our thinking ability and teaches us the power of teamwork and to find a
way out of difficult situations.
 Games and sports also need a lot of energy i.e. it makes us energetic.
 Games and Sports need a lot of cooperation between the players. Hence it
increases cooperation with each other.
 And at last, all of the Games have their own rules and regulations which if not
followed, lead to negative points. Hence, we can say that it teaches us the
Importance of following Rules in life.

Given below are the reasons why sports and games are essential in a student’s life:

 Improves physical and mental health - One of the main benefits of sports and games
is to boost the physical and mental health of a student. Sports is played between teams
in a healthy competitive environment which ensures that the student remains active and
fit. Outdoor sports like volleyball, basketball, tennis, swimming, running, etc., keeps the
body and mind active and engaged. Indoor games like chess, badminton, and table
tennis enhance the concentration level of the student. It also strengthens the immunity
system of the body and energizes them.
 Empower students with life skills - While sports not only help in developing physical
and mental health, it also develops the life skills of a student’s personality. It enhances
their capabilities and helps them to have a better understanding of themselves. Sports
also help in developing social skills and getting along with people. They learn to interact
not only with children of their age but also with adults like their coaches and seniors.
Additionally, children acquire decision-making skills through various team activities.
 Learn time management and discipline - Constructive use of time and discipline is a
major characteristic of any sportsperson. If a student plays a sport, he/she needs to
show the commitment of time to be in a particular place at a particular time every day as

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a part of their routine. He/she must be patient, disciplined which will enable the student
to cope with criticism and setbacks. Each sport has a set of rules and regulations to be
followed which helps the students to stay fit and disciplined.
 Improved leadership and team building qualities - Sports is all about teamwork.
Romblon State University encourages team sports such as volleyball, football, basketball
etc. which gives an individual a sense of identity and belonging to a group. Such sports
encourage student to showcase their talent and communicate with their team members.
It also helps to identify and hone their leadership skills which add values to their
personality.
 Winning and losing is all part of the game - Sports is not always about winning. It is
about fair play and believing in equality and justice. Losing is a part and parcel of any
game and accepting defeat in a positive competitive spirit distinguishes a true
sportsperson which propels him/her to strive harder the next time to achieve what he/she
missed out on the previous game.
 Boost self-confidence - Scoring a goal, hitting a six or winning a race not only makes a
student happy but also it boosts their confidence. Performing in front of a crowd which is
constantly noticing your each and every move can be quite unnerving. But a
sportsperson is one with focus, patience, the right amount of confidence having a never-
say-die attitude.

TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL SKILLS IN PLAYING SPORTS

Technical Skills -these are basic or fundamental skills needed to play the game.
Examples of Technical Skills:
 In basketball (dribbling, passing, and shooting)
 In volleyball (ball reception, attacking/spiking, and setting)
Tactical Skills -these are the decision-making skills or strategies used in different situations
during the game.
 A basic example is the use of quick pass and movement against a taller but slower
opponent in basketball.
 The use of tactical decision during a game is called game sense.
Five Steps in Teaching Tactical skills
1. Distinguishing the important decision
2. Establishing essential knowledge for athletes

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3. Recognizing the signals in situations
4. Giving appropriate tactical options
5. Planning a Practice Game

PLANNING A PRACTICE GAME

Preparation/Planning
• Date, time, and duration of training/practice
• Objectives/Goals
• Equipment needed during training/practice
Training Proper
• Warm-up/Stretching
• Teaching new skills/practice of previously taught skills
• Scrimmage/Practice game
• Cool down and assessment
CHOOSING A SPORT
Some of the considerations that will guide an individual in their choice of sports include:
1. Weather extremities (hot or cold) for an outdoor sports activity.
2. Enjoyment derived from the activity.
3. Previous activities tried and enjoyed.
4. Financial capacity or budget. Activities like skating, golf, and scuba diving require
financial investment on equipment and actual activity.
Try this:

Name: Date:
Course & Blk.:

This activity will help you determine whether you already have advanced knowledge about
sports forms. Please read carefully the instructions and write your answers in your worksheet.

1. The table below is illustrating the activity forms involved in playing individual, dual and
team sports. Your task is to classify which type of sport fits each of the sports mentioned
in the table below.

2. Write the corresponding type of sport in the space provided at the right side of the
column for different sports.

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Individual Dual Team

Sports Activities Corresponding Types of Sports

1. Badminton Individual/Dual
2. Basketball Team
3. Beach Volleyball Dual
4. Cricket Team
5. Discus Throw Individual
6. Football Team
7. Hockey Team
8. Kick Volleyball/ Sepak Takraw Team
9. Lawn Tennis Individual/Dual
10. Long Jump Individual
11. Shot put Individual
12. Softball Team
13. Swimming Individual
14. Table Tennis Individual/Dual
15. Volleyball Team

Check Your Understanding

Name: Date:
Course & Blk.:

I. Directions: Your understanding of the nature and benefits of games and sports
participation will be tested through this study. You should present your answers in
whatever type you are comfortable with. It may be one to have entries inside the
graphic organizer. You may also find other ways of interpretation that reflect yourself.
Write your answer inside the box below.

Games and Sports

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Physical Emotional Mental Benefits Social Benefits
Benefits Benefits
I benefit with games When you are having a When you are Sports will introduce
and sports physically hard time or you are physically active your you to a lot of people
because it helps my having a bad day, it mind gets a chance to having the same
body and blood to will give you unplug from daily interest with you,
circulate well and it is relaxation and will stresses and strains and this social
a good exercise to make you bad mood of life. It is always benefits will give you
burn fats and to be into good mood. Also, help you to avoid more mental and
stresses
II. Directions:
healthier. Read and analyze the following
when you need to questionsmost
especially when you
below. emotional
Write benefit
your answer
because when you
on
think of something or
are enjoying are playing with
the space provided.
you want to decide,
something. friends, it would be
but a lot of things are
running into your more fun.
mind, sports will help
1.What advantages would
you.you reap from playing in sports?
Answer: There are a lot of advantages you will reap by playing sports: first, a
strong heart and it will make you stronger and healthier than before. By playing
sports, you will have a better sleep. And then, you will have many new
connections. When you are looking for a thing you want to do to reduce stress,
sports and playing sports will give you a benefit.

2. Do you think that playing sports will promote exercise, safety, and well-being among
teammates, family and community? How?

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Answer: Actually, when we are talking about safest way to exercise or burn fats, playing
sports is highly recommended. Playing sports is an easy exercise for everyone, while
you are having fun, you became healthier and a strong connection with your friends and
family. It is doing four things by playing: burning fats, became healthy, reduces stress
and a bonding to you friends and family.

3.Give your opinion or idea about this quote: “What matter most in sports is not winning, it
is how you play the game.”
Answer: Doing the sports in a right way, and in a fair way, it will give you the winning feeling. It is not
always the medal, it is the excitement and bliss you’ve felt while playing. When you did your best, and
put some efforts while enjoying it, it is the meaning of win for me.

4.What other physical, emotional, mental and social benefits can you derive from playing
sports?
Answer: Making regular exercise a habit from a young age, it will make you used for
something you’d benefit every day. Developing bone and muscle strength and other that could
make your body healthier at such a young age. And of course , the everyone wants, it is the
maintaining a healthy weight and importance of eating right.

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Module

Nature and Background 2

... of Basketball

Learning Outcomes:

 Sketch the playing court with its specification; enumerate & identify the
technical equipment used in playing basketball.

Learning Objectives:
 Discuss the history and development of basketball
 Describe how Basketball is being played and identify who invented it.
 Identify National & International governing organization for Basketball and
name persons responsible for its development in the Philippines.

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INTRODUCTION

What is basketball?

Basketball is a team sport, wherein the objective is to shoot a ball through a basket
horizontally positioned to score points while following a set of rules. Usually, two teams of five
players play on a marked rectangular court with a basket at each width end. Basketball is one of
the world's most popular and widely viewed sports. A regulation basketball hoop consists of a
rim 18 inches in diameter and 10 feet high mounted to a backboard. A team can score a field
goal by shooting the ball through the basket during regular play. A field goal scores two points
for the shooting team if a player is touching or closer to the basket than the three-point line, and
three points (known commonly as a 3-pointer or three) if the player is behind the three-point
line. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime)
may be issued when the game ends with a draw. The ball can be advanced on the court by
bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling) or throwing (passing) it to a team mate. It is a
violation to move without dribbling the ball (travelling), to carry it, or to hold the ball with both
hands then resume dribbling (double dribble).

Various violations are generally called "fouls". Disruptive physical contact (a personal
foul) is penalized, and a free throw is usually awarded to an offensive player if he is fouled while
shooting the ball. A technical foul may also be issued when certain infractions occur, most
commonly for unsportsmanlike conduct on the part of a player or coach. A technical foul gives
the opposing team a free throw, and the opposing team is also retained possession of the ball.
Basketball has evolved many commonly used techniques of shooting, passing, dribbling, and
rebounding, as well as specialized player positions and offensive and defensive structures
(player positioning) and techniques. Typically, the tallest members of a team will play "center",
"power forward" or "small forward" positions, while shorter players or those who possess the
best ball handling skills and speed play "point guard" or "shooting guard". While competitive
basketball is carefully regulated, numerous variations of basketball have developed for casual
play. Competitive basketball is primarily an indoor sport played on a carefully marked and
maintained basketball court, but less regulated variations are often played outdoors in both
inner city and remote areas.

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HISTORY

Basketball was invented in December 1891 by the Canadian clergyman, educator, and
physician Dr. James Naismith. Naismith introduced the game when he was an instructor at the
Young Men's Christian Association Training School (now Springfield College) in Springfield,
Massachusetts. At the request of his superior, Dr. Luther H. Gulick, he organized a vigorous
recreation suitable for indoor winter play. The game involved elements of American football,
soccer, and hockey, and the first ball used was a soccer ball. Teams had nine players, and the
goals were wooden peach baskets affixed to the walls. By 1897-1898, teams of five became
standard. The game rapidly spread nationwide and to Canada and other parts of the world,
played by both women and men; it also became a popular informal outdoor game. U.S.
servicemen in World War II (1939-1945) popularized the sport in many other countries.
A number of U.S. colleges adopted the game between about 1893 and 1895. In 1934
the first college games were staged in New York City's Madison Square Garden, and college
basketball began to attract heightened interest. By the 1950s basketball had become a major
college sport, thus paving the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball.
The first pro league, the National Basketball League, was formed in 1898 to protect
players from exploitation and to promote a less rough game. This league only lasted five years
before disbanding; its demise spawned a number of loosely organized leagues throughout the
Northeastern United States. One of the first and greatest pro teams was the Original Celtics,
organized about 1915 in New York City. They played as many as 150 games a season and
dominated basketball until 1936. The Harlem Globetrotters, founded in 1927, a notable
exhibition team, specializes in amusing court antics and expert ball handling.
In 1949 two subsequent professional leagues, the National Basketball League (formed in
1937) and the Basketball Association of America (1946) merged to create the National
Basketball Association (NBA). The Boston Celtics, led by their center Bill Russell, dominated the
NBA from the late 1950s through the 1960s. By the 1960s, pro teams from coast to coast
played before crowds of many millions annually. Wilt Chamberlain, a center for the Los Angeles
Lakers, was another leading player during the era, and his battles with Russell were eagerly
anticipated. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, also a center, came to prominence during the 1970s. Jabbar
perfected his famed "sky hook" shot while playing for the Los Angeles Lakers and dominated
the opposition.

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The NBA suffered a drop in popularity during the late 1970s, but was resuscitated,
principally through the growing popularity of its most prominent players. Larry Bird of the Boston
Celtics, and Magic Johnson of the Los Angeles Lakers are credited with injecting excitement
into the league in the 1980s through their superior skills and decade-long rivalry. During the late
1980s Michael Jordan of the Chicago Bulls rose to stardom and helped the Bulls dominate the
NBA during the early 1990s. A new generation of basketball stars, including Shaquille O'Neal of
the Orlando Magic and Larry Johnson of the Charlotte Hornets, have sustained the NBA's
growth in popularity.

In 1959 a Basketball Hall of Fame was founded in Springfield, Massachusetts. Its rosters
include the names of great players, coaches, referees, and people who have contributed
significantly to the development of the game.

Facilities and Equipment

A. BASKETBALL COURT

Court Dimensions
The size of the court depends on the playing level. The size of the court for NBA and
College games is 94 feet long and 50 feet wide. (Example picture above.)

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Backboard and Rim
The regulation height above the ground for the rim (hoop) is 10 feet, and the rim is 18
inches in diameter. Backboards are six feet wide (72 inches) by 42 inches tall, with the inner
square being 24 inches wide by 18 inches tall.

The Foul Line

For all size courts the 'foul line' is 15 feet in front of the backboard.

The Key
The key is 12 feet wide, and is the same for all basketball courts. The backboard
extends four feet out over the baseline into the key. A half circle of diameter 6 foot extends from
the foul line away from the basket to complete the key.

The 3-Point Line (Arc)

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For NBA Basketball Courts the 3 point arc is 22 feet to the center of the rim on the sides
with a straight line extending out 16 feet 9 inches from the baseline. Past those points the line
extends out 23 feet 9 inches from the center of the rim.

Line Markings
All line markings on the floor are two inches wide and can vary in color.

A. BALL
The basketball is an inflated sphere with an outer covering.
It is 75 to 78 cm in circumference and weighs 600-650 grams.
It must be made of leather in the official FIBA competitions.

B. BASKET
Also called goal. It is made up of horizontal circular metal rim
With a net hanging from it. It is mounted 3.05 m above floor level.

C. BACKBOARD
The rigid rectangular board behind the rim.
Standard widths are 24”-42”, 44:-48”, 60”-72”.

D. SHOES
High-topped shoes

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Checking Learning
Name: Date:
Course & Blk:
I.
Directions: Identify the parts of the basketball court.

II. Directions: Answers the following questions. Write your answers on the space
provided.

1. Who was the creator of basketball?

Answer:

2. What is basketball? Write in your own opinion.

Answer:

3. What is the height of the basketball ring in feet?

Answer:

4. What is the circumference of the ball according to FIBA?

Answer:

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5. What do you mean FIBA?
Answer:

1-5 Give at least 5 Equipment for basketball.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6-10 Give at least 5 Technical Equipment for basketball?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

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Module

3
The Basics of Basketball
“A good basketball player develops his or her skills through practice.”

Learning Outcomes

 Executes all the basic playing skills with controlled and refined
movement.

Learning Objectives:
 Discuss the basics skills in basketball

Basketball is an extremely physical game involving technique,

expertise, strength, endurance, and intellectual ability. Through a variety of fun
games and good health practices, there are many opportunities to teach the
game of basketball and develop student skills in the game.

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BASIC SKILLS IN BASKETBALL

1. SHOOTING
The 1st basic skill to be learned is shooting. Every basketball player loves to shoot the ball! The
most practiced skill in the game is shooting. Players spend a good deal of their practice time on
shooting drills to improve their skill level. After all, if you can't shoot - you can't score! So, here’s
how you can improve your shooting skills in basketball:
 Remember BEEF (Balance, Elbow, Elbow, Follow
Through) when shooting the ball.
 Be relaxed and concentrate on the basket.
 Know when you have a good shot and then take it.
 Be in proper balance when shooting the ball.
 Follow through on every shot you take.
 Jump naturally.
 “Up, hang, shoot!” is an easy way to remember this.
 Make sure you have an arc on every shot you take.
 Be relaxed when shooting free throws.
 Practice all of your shots.

TYPES OF SHOTS

Push Shot, Two Hands

a. Stand with feet together or assume a stride position with one foot leading.
b. With knees slightly bent and the hands positioned more to the back, flick the wrist
slightly to propel the ball.
c. Make a good follow through with your wrist and fingers.

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Push Shot, One Hand
a. Stand in stride position, one foot ahead of the other with knees slightly bent.
b. Hold the balls with both hands at shoulder eye level.
c. Execute vertical jump as you flick your wrist to propel the ball.
d. Make a good follow through

Lay-Up
a. Approach the goal as you dribble the ball around a 45 degree angle.
b. Prior to shooting, shift weight to the foot opposite the shooting hand then raise the ball
as far as possible with two hands.
c. Release the non-shooting hand as shooting arm carries the ball.
d. Release the ball off the fingertips.
e. The ball should bounce against the backboard before dropping into the hoop.

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Free Throw
a. Stand back straight with knees slightly bent and weight equally distributed to both feet.
Some players prefer standing with one foot forward.
b. Hold the ball with fingertips of both hands, the shooting hand placed under the ball.
c. Simultaneously swing arms forward and backward as you straighten the knees.
d. Release the ball off the tips of the finger.

2. DRIBBLING
Dribbling in basketball is a skill that you should master. It
allows you to move around the court while you’re in possession of
the ball. It is a legal method that allows you to advance with the ball
and make a score as opposed to that of passing it to a teammate to
shoot it for the basket. This move involves bouncing the ball off the
floor with your hands as you cover the floor. This is how it’s done:

 Dribble the ball with hand and use only the tips of your finger in
dribbling it.

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 Employ the wrist and the forearm to push the ball while covering the court.
 Don’t involve the whole hand to avoid losing control of the ball.
 Don’t keep your fingers in touch with each other while dribbling.
 Spread your fingers to allow full control of the ball as it dribbles.
 Dribble the ball in one side of your body and not right in front.
 While dribbling in one hand, use the other hand to drive your defender away from the
ball.

BASIC TYPES OF DRIBBLE

Low Dribble
A low dribble is done by keeping the ball bouncing low, nearest to the floor.
a. Dribble the ball as low as possible.
b. Your back should be bent forward at the
hip while your arms and elbow are used
to shield the ball.

High Bounce Dribble

A high bounce dribble is done to move the ball to your
side of the court quickly, or when executing a fast-break.
a. Keep upper body erect while pushing the top of the ball forward, going ahead of your
body.
b. The bounce of the ball should reach
between your upper thigh and above
your waist.

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Cross Over
This is dribbles that use a quick change of direction using both hands alternately. The
aim if a crossover move is to confuse your defender on which direction you are going.
a. Bounce the ball from one hand towards the other hand.
b. Move your body from side to side.
c. Dribble away to the opposite of where
your defender is going.

POINTS TO REMEMBER
Position of Hands *fingers should be spread out
*wrist should be firm but movable
Forearm and Wrist Action *pushing action
*ball goes back to the pad of the fingers: yo-yo action
Eyes *keep eyes away from the ball. Train yourself not to look at the
ball while dribbling.
Height of Dribble *below the waist
*higher dribble for higher speed
*lower dribble for lower speed
Body *protect the ball with your arm (arm bar)

Activity: Shadow Dribbling

a. Get a partner and face each other.
b. Dribble the ball with your right hand while your partner “mirrors” what you are doing
without the ball.
c. Do step b. again with your left.
d. Switch roles with your partner.
e. Do all the steps again but this time with a ball.

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Running While Dribbling
Aside from dribbling the ball in place, one should learn how to execute dribbling while
running from one place to another. To do this, start by walking while dribbling the ball. As you
get used to the movements, move up your pace until you can run with the ball. Always practice
to improve your skills.

3. PASSING
Basketball is a team game. By definition, that means all players are involved with the
process of playing the game and should function as one. One of the primary skills created to
accomplish this is passing. It is a skill that maximizes the involvement of all players in setting
up a play to earn successful shots and earn points for the whole team. To learn more about
passing, read and practice as instructed below:
 Basically, there are two types of pass: air pass and bounce pass. Air passes travels
between players without hitting the floor. Bounce pass is thrown to the floor so that it
bounces to the intended receiver.
 Air passes include chest pass-a pass that originates from the chest to the receiver’s
chest level; and overhead pass-a pass that originates from the forehead. With this pass,
aim for your teammate's chin. Don’t bring the ball behind your head, because it can get
stolen and it takes a split-second longer to throw the pass.
 In executing bounce passes, calculate about 3/3 distance from the receiver as the hitting
point so that the ball bounces right to your receiver. But for better accuracy, you have to
experiment by yourself because the bounce is directly proportional with how strong the ball
hits the floor.
 A good pass is a pass a teammate can catch.
 When passing, step toward your receiver.
 When catching, step toward the pass.
 Like shooting, the ball should have a backspin to it. This is accomplished by following
through on every pass.

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TYPES OF PASSES

Overhead Pass
a. Stand in stride position-legs open to shoulder width apart.
b. Hold the ball just above the head.
c. Simultaneously take a short step forward, hold the ball to extended arms.
d. Make a follow through in the direction of the pass.

Underhand Pass
a. Stand in stride position, legs shoulder width apart and with knees slightly bent with
either side of the body toward to the receiver.
b. Hold the ball with hands on one side, while the opposite foot move point towards the
receiver.
c. Push the ball toward the receiver of the ball by a step with the leading foot.

Chest Pass
a. Stand in stride position with one foot ahead of the other. Knees should be placed a
bit forward.

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b. Hold the ball with both hands at chest level. Make sure the fingers are spread on
each side of the ball.
c. With a quick arm extension and snap by the wrists, push the ball forward. One foot
should move towards the receiver.

Baseball Pass
a. Stand with one foot more advanced than the other.
b. Hold the ball with the throwing hand.
c. Bring throwing arm upward backward. With a forceful action, throw the ball to the
desired direction.
d. Shift the weight of the body from the back foot to the front foot.

Bounce Pass
a. Stand in stride position, legs shoulder with apart.
b. Hold the ball in front, waist height.
c. With a quick movement, push the ball with both hands downward towards the floor.
d. Bounce the ball to the direction of the receiver.

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Catching the Basketball
Receiving the ball is an important as passing it. The catcher should move in front or
towards the passed ball. There are two basic types of catches”
 Overhead Catch- a ball catches above waist level.
 Underhand Catch- a ball catches below waist level.
Important Points in Catching the Basketball
 Always keep your eyes on the ball.
 Move to the direction of the ball to catch it properly.
 Spread your fingers well, and then slightly “cup” palms to ready for catch.
 Relax arms to catch the ball.

4. REBOUNDING
Rebounding is one of the major aspects of the game. It is your ability to jump with power
to gain possession of the ball as it bounces to the rim after a failed shot before it touches the
floor. Just how is it rebounding important? Whenever you grab a rebound, your team gains a
chance to shoot again while the other team actually loses it. The difference is double. So, how
to make a good rebound, here’s how...
 Practice good footwork and vertical leap or jumps.
 Anticipate where the ball will land.
 The longer the shot or the harder the rim, the
farther the bounces.
 When a shooter is a soft shooter, this means he
always takes time to put an arc on his shots, the ball
bounces near the ring.
 When a shooter is a hard shooter, this means
there’s a little or no arc on his shots, and then the ball
bounces far from the ring.
 Leg power and strong body are needed in
rebounding that’s why it is essential that strength and
power exercises should be considered to
conditioning your body.

5. RUNNING
Running is one of the basic skills that a basketball player should possess. Because
in this sport, speed defines the best. Whether you’re on the offensive or defensive side of
the game, passing, receiving, shooting or rebounding a ball, you always have to run in any
way possible. Here are some tips for you to improve your running skills:
 Always have a good pair of playing shoes.
 Always do a combination of dynamic stretching and warm-up activities across the court
before goingout to play a game.

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Dynamic Stretching
Toe Walk Shuffle Heel Walk Back Pedal
Inch Walk Jogging High Knees
Carioca Butt Kicks Jumping jacks

Assessment
Activity 1: Passing Drills
Get partner and practice each kind of pass. Challenge yourself to go farther apart.

BASKETBALL PASSING RUBRIC

Types of Efficient (10) Average (7) Needs of Improvement (5)
Passes
Overhead Pass The student is able The student is The student is able to do an
to do an overhead able to do an overhead pass to another
pass to another overhead pass to partner but needs of
partner with another partner improvement in terms of
enough force, with less force, force, speed, and control of
speed, and control speed, and control the ball direction.
of the ball direction. of the ball
direction.
Underhand The student is able The student is The student is able to do an
Pass to do an underhand able to do an underhand pass to another
pass to another underhand pass to partner but needs of
partner with another partner improvement in terms of
enough force, with less force, force, speed, and control of
speed, and control speed, and control the ball direction.
of the ball direction. of the ball
direction.
Chest Pass The student is able The student is The student is able to do a
to do a chest pass able to do a chest chest pass to another
to another partner pass to another partner but needs of
with enough force, partner with less improvement in terms of
speed, and control force, speed, and force, speed, and control of
of the ball direction. control of the ball the ball direction.
direction.
Baseball Pass The student is able The student is The student is able to do a
to do a baseball able to do a baseball pass to another
pass to another baseball pass to partner but needs of
partner with another partner improvement in terms of
enough force, with less force, force, speed, and control of
speed, and control speed, and control the ball direction.
of the ball direction. of the ball
direction.
Bounce Pass The student is able The student is The student is able to do a
to do a bounce able to do a bounce pass to another
pass to another bounce pass to partner but needs of
partner with another partner improvement in terms of
enough force, with less force, force, speed, and control of
speed, and control speed, and control the ball direction.
of the ball direction. of the ball
direction.

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Activity 2: Catching Drills

Get a partner. Your partner will be the passer and you will be the receiver. Your partner will
pass you the ball, and your goal is to efficiently catch them. After you practice your overhead
and underhand catches, switch roles with your partner.

BASKETBALL CATCHING RUBRIC

Types of Efficient (10) Average (7) Needs of Improvement (5)
Catches
Overhead The student is able The student is The student is able to do an
Catch to do an overhead able to do an overhead catch from a pass
catch from a pass overhead catch thrown by another partner
thrown by another from a pass with minimal control or with
partner with much thrown by another a much fumble of the ball.
control of the ball. partner with less
control or with a
little fumble of the
ball.
Underhand The student is able The student is The student is able to do an
Catch to do an underhand able to do an underhand catch from a
catch from a pass underhand catch pass thrown by another
thrown by another from a pass partner with minimal control
partner with much thrown by another or with a much fumble of the
control of the ball. partner with less ball.
control or with a
little fumble of the
ball.

Activity 3: Practicing different shots while dribbling

Student will be able to dribble and shoot the ball in the ring (one at a time).

BALL DRIBBLING AND SHOOTING RUBRIC

Skills Advanced (10) Intermediate (7) Basic (5)
Dribbling  Student is  Student’s eyes  Student’s eyes are
dribbling are focused focused on the ball at all
without looking on the while times while dribbling.
at the ball. dribbling.  Student cannot dribble
 Student fully  Student dribbles properly with either
controls the the ball using hand.
ball-switching just the  Student cannot keep
on both hands. dominant control dribbling to the
 Student dribbles hand. goal.
with full control  Student cannot
all the way to keep control
the basket and when dribbling
shoots. at full speed.

Lay-up Shot  Student is able  Student is able  Student is able to dribble

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to dribble all to dribble all all the way to the basket
the way to the the way to the but is looking at the ball.
basket without basket but is  Student stops before he
looking at the looking at the or she jumps to the
ball. ball while basket.
 Student jumps to dribbling.  Student does not use the
the basket at  Student jumps backboard to bounce
full speed. to the basket the ball
 Student uses the at full speed.  Student does not make
backboard to  Student uses the shot.
bounce the ball the backboard  Student lands correctly on
 Student makes to bounce the the floor.
the shot. ball
 Student lands  Student does
correctly on the not make the
floor. shot.
 Student lands
correctly on
the floor.
Push Shot  Student dribbles  Student dribbles  Student dribbles and
and aims to and aims to releases the ball to
shoot. shoot. shoot.
 Student bends  Student does  Student does not bend
the knees and not bend the the knees and
straightens it as knees and straightens it as the
the short is straightens it short is thrown.
thrown. as the short is  Student’s hands are on
 Student’s hands thrown. the correct spot on the
are on the  Student’s hands basketball.
correct spot on are on the  Student’s does not reach
the basketball. correct spot the goal.
 Student’s sight is on the  Student does not make
on the goal basketball. the shot.
while shooting.  Student’s sight
 Student makes is on the goal
the shot. while
shooting.
 Student does
not make the
shot.

Activity 4
Did you feel tired after doing the passing, dribbling, and shooting drills? Why do you think? Do
you think you handled the ball properly? Why do you say so?

Answer: Yes. Because it is not easy for a woman like me.

Yes, because I was taught and accompanied by a basketball player and because I follow the rules of
basketball well.

Name: Date:

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Course & Blk.:

Write a reflection on the things you learned in this lesson and their relevance to you. Tell
how you can apply what you have learned in your daily life and cite specific instances in which
you feel this learning’s will come handy.

FITNESS LOG

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Module

4
Officiating Officials/Rules and
Regulations of Basketball

Learning Outcomes

 Execute properly the skills and observe the basic rules in an actual game

Learning Objectives

 Recall and explain the basic and standard rules of Basketball;

 Explain the mechanics of officiating Basketball;
 Enjoy playing with observance to the rules and expected level of
sportsmanship.

THE OFFICIATING STAFF

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The makeup of the officiating corps is strictly a matter of choice. The minimum number is
five: a referee, an umpire, a scorer, a timer and a shot-clock operator. In some cases, eight
officials are used in a line-up comprising a referee, two umpires, a shot-clock operator, two
scorers and two timers.

REFEREE IS OFFICIAL IN CHARGE

The referee is the official that controls the game. He is the one who tosses the ball up for
the center jump at the start of the game and each overtime period. His duties range from
inspecting and approving all equipment before the game's starting time to approving the final
score. In between, the referee is responsible for the notification of each team three minutes
before each half is to begin and deciding matters of disagreement among the officials. The
referee has the power to make decisions on any point not specifically covered in the rules and
even to forfeit the game if necessary.

OFFICIALS CONDUCT GAME

During actual play, there is no practical difference between the referee and umpire(s).
They are equally responsible for the conduct of the game; and, because of the speed of play,
their duties are dictated essentially by their respective positions on the court from moment to
moment. For this reason, the rules specify that no official has the authority to question decisions
made by another official. The officials' control, which begins 30 minutes before starting time for
men and 15 minutes for women and concludes with the referee's approval of the final score,
includes the power to eject from the court any player, coach or team follower who is guilty of
flagrant unsporting conduct. When the referee leaves the confines of the playing area at the end
of the game, the score is final and may not be changed. As we pointed out earlier, jump balls
occur only at the start of the game and all overtimes; but officials still must concentrate upon
throwing the ball up straight. At other times, play resumes with a throw-in. The team that fails to
get the ball after the first center jump will begin the alternating process.

OFFICIALS' SIGNALS

When a foul occurs, the official is required by the rules to (a) signal the timer to stop the
clock, (b) designate the offender to the scorer and use his or her fingers to indicate the number
of free throws. When a team is entitled to a throw-in, an official must (a) signal what caused the
ball to become dead, (b) indicate the throw-in spot (except after a goal) and (c) designate the
team entitled to the throw-in.

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DUTIES OF SCORERS AND TIMERS

Scorers must (a) record, in numerical order, names and numbers of all players, (b)
record field goals made and free throws made and missed, (c) keep a running summary of
points scored, (d) record fouls called on each player and notify officials when a player-
disqualification or bonus-free-throw situation arises, (e) record timeouts and report when a team'
s allotted number has been used, and (f) record when a squad member has been ejected for
fighting. It is the game-clock and shot-clock operators' responsibility to keep everyone abreast
of key factors while carrying out the timing regulations.

BASKETBALL REFEREE HAND SIGNALS

There are “Fouls” and there are “Violations”

Fouls are caused by physical contact (holding, pushing), or actions (acting out like you are
going to hit another player but you don’t) or even extreme abusive yelling or cussing (technical
foul).

Violations are actions by players that break a basketball rule – such as traveling, stepping on
the line, and back court.

Foul (Closed Fist) Violation (Open Fist)

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Types of Personal Fouls:

Holding Foul – A “Holding Foul” occurs when a defender holds, grabs, or pulls an offensive
player (it doesn’t matter if the offensive player has possession of the ball or not).

Pushing Foul – A “Pushing Foul” occurs when a defender pushes an offensive player or bumps
into the body of an offensive player.

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Illegal Use of Hands Foul – This is a foul called when a defender slaps, hacks, or smacks an
offensive player with the ball.

Blocking Foul – A “Blocking Foul” occurs when a defender uses their body and makes contact
with an offensive player with the ball (could be in the form of running into the player, or setting
an illegal screen, etc).

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Charging Foul (Charge) / Player Control Foul – A “Charging Foul” occurs when an offensive
player runs into (or over) a defensive player who already has position (the defender must first
establish position). Other types of player control fouls are when a dribbler uses an elbow and
hits a defender, or excessive physical contact by an offensive post player trying to gain position.

Personal Foul Penalties:

Shooting Foul (2 Point Shot) – If a player gets “fouled” while in the act of shooting , the player
gets to shoot free throw(s). If the shot is made – the player gets to shoot 1 free throw, you will
hear this called “And 1.” If the shot is not made and a foul is called – the player gets to shoot 2
free throws.

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Shooting Foul (3 Point Shot) – If a player gets “fouled” while in the act of shooting a 3-point
shot , the player gets to shoot free throw(s). If the shot is made – the player gets to shoot 1 free
throw (which could turn out to be a 4-point play). If the shot is not made and a foul is called – the
player shoots 3 free throws.

Non-Shooting Fouls / Team Fouls:

Non-Shooting Fouls: If an offensive player is fouled while not in the act of shooting the ball,
the ball stays in possession with the team that the foul was committed on (they will get to
inbound the ball out of bounds at the nearest sideline or baseline). When inbounding the ball the
team with possession will have 5 seconds to pass the ball in to another teammate on the court.
All fouls – including shooting fouls and non-shooting fouls add up and are counted as team
fouls. Offensive fouls (player control fouls) do not count as a team foul.

Team Fouls: Team fouls are the combined number of fouls that all the players on a team
commit during one half of play. The fouls are totaled up and logged in by the scorekeeper in the
official score book. When a team reaches 7 fouls, their opponent will get to shoot free throws –
this is called a “one and one.” The player shooting the free throws gets to shoot 1 free throw, if
they make it, they get to shoot another (one and one), if they miss the first free throw, they don’t

44
get to shoot the second free throw. When a team reaches 7+ team fouls, their opponent is said
to be in the “bonus” (and will start shooting free throws after getting fouled).

When a team reaches 10 (or more) fouls, their opponent will automatically get to shoot 2 free
throws. At half time the team fouls from the first half of the game are “zeroed” out, and team
fouls are totaled all over again during the second half of the game.
Important Note: Offensive fouls do not count towards team fouls (so when an offensive player
happens to commit an offensive foul, the defense will not get to shoot free throws).

Types of Violations:

Traveling (also called Walking or Walk) – If a ball handler takes too many steps while
dribbling the referee can call a violation (considered a turnover by the player and the possession
of the ball goes to the other team). Also if a player has stopped dribbling and moves their pivot
foot – this is also considered a traveling (or walking) violation.

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Violation / Traveling, Walking
Double Dribble (Illegal Dribble) – A dribbling violation occurs when a player stops dribbling
and then attempts to dribble again or if a player attempts to dribble the ball with 2 hands.

Violation / Double Dribble

Backcourt (Backcourt violation) – Once the Offensive team has passed the half court line,
they cannot: a) dribble and/or b) pass back over the half court line. If this occurs, a “Backcourt”
violation will be called by the referee and possession of the ball will go to the other team.

Backcourt Violation Signal

Inbound Pass Violation (5-Second Violation) – There are time restrictions that a player has
when the ref hands them the ball to pass the ball into play. The player passing in the ball has
five seconds to pass the ball in to another player. If the player fails to pass the ball in within 5
seconds, the ref will blow the whistle (5-second violation), and the ball is awarded to the other
team.

46
5-Second Violation Signal
10 Second Violation – When your opponent makes a basket, your team has 10 seconds to get
the ball in play and past the half court line – if your team fails to do this within 10 seconds, the
ball is awarded to the other team.

47
Three/ Five Second Violation – An offensive player cannot remain in the “paint” area for more
than 3 or 5 seconds (depending on the division), if the Ref happens to spot an offensive player
in the paint area for more than 3 seconds, the whistle will blow, and the other team will get
possession of the ball.

Closely Guarded Violation (does not apply to 1st/2nd grades) – An offensive player cannot
have possession of the ball for more than five seconds while being closely guarded by a
defender. For example if an offensive player is dribbling the ball and is guarded closely by a
defender for 5 seconds, the ref will blow the whistle, and the ball will be awarded to the other
team.

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Jump Ball (also called Tie Up or Held Ball) – When an offensive player and a defensive
player gain possession of the ball at the same time – the referee will blow the whistle. The
referee will then look at the possession arrow (at the scorer’s table) and award possession to
the team that the direction is pointing (possession is on a rotating basis).

Out of Bounds Designation – When the ball goes out of bounds (for any reason), or a player
with possession of the ball steps out of bounds – the referee will designate the spot where the
ball went out of bounds.

49
A Few Misunderstood Rules:

a) Players can “recover” a fumbled ball, traveling does not occur during the time it takes the
player to recover. A player must have control of the ball in order to travel, and a “fumbled” ball
is not considered having control of the ball.

b) Players cannot travel while dribbling the basketball, traveling is considered taking one or
more steps without dribbling.

c) If a player attempts to set a screen and is moving, it is not considered a foul unless contact
is made.

d) The ball is not “out of bounds” if it rolls along the top edge of the backboard without
touching the supports.

Some Myths Regarding Common Basketball Rules:

1. “Reaching In” Foul – There is no foul called “reaching in” found in the rulebook. The act of
simply “reaching in” is allowed unless contact is made. The referee can call a pushing or
holding foul, but there is no “reaching in” violation.

2. A player dribbles the ball above their head – Dribbling the Ball above players head line is
not a violation as long as dribblers hand stays on top of the ball.

3. “Over the Back” – Players are allowed to reach over the back of another player as long as
no contact is made. A taller player simply reaching over the back of another player for the
rebound (without making contact) has not committed a foul. Again, the referee can call
pushing, holding, or illegal contact fouls, but there is no violation called “Over the Back” in the
rule book.

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Referees should focus on 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16

Referees should focus on 19,20,21,22, 24, 25, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34

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Performance Task
Name: Date:
Course & Blk.:

Activity: Playing Basketball Family Journal

This activity will inspire you to get your family interested in basketball games. It is a
type of wellness practice that allows you to make a video about your family’s sports
participation.

You will need

 photographs of you and your family engaging in team sports

 coloring materials
 folders or card boards and other similar materials
 Writing or printing materials
 adhesives or glues
 anything good for collage like recyclable materials
as in old magazines
 computer (with any of these software
applications: movie-maker, photoshop,
powerpoint, nero, etc.)
 camera
 blank CD/s

Criteria for Assessment:

 Uniqueness and originality
It encompasses the specific way the families plan or organizes team sports events like
basketball games and the sort of competitive activity they are participating and whether they
are portrayed in pictures or videos.
 Creativity and resourcefulness
It includes the use of less costly materials such as natural or recyclable material with a
touch of the imagination and craftsmanship of the learner in bringing together the design
elements such as color, form, texture, harmony, balance and proportion.
 Deep understanding of the benefits derived from participating in playing basketball

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This describes the awareness of the learner of the nature of basketball games as seen
by pictures and/or videos related to the learner’s basketball games.
 Involving the family in playing basketball endeavours
Clear proofs that the family of the student is very interested in some competitive sports
based health endeavours.

Here’s how you will accomplish the activity:

1. Gather some pictures or videos of the basketball game events for your family. Prepare a
video by arranging it into a portfolio or some other presentation that you may want to make.
You are also allowed to get digitally presented (video graph, powerpoint presentation, film-
makers presentation and other related media).

2. Put descriptions or captions for each documented activity. Your descriptions or captions
may include the team sport played, date and place it was taken, and the like.

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References

Textbook

1. Bauzon, Orlando D. & De Jesus, Virginia B. [2000] TEAM SPORTS, SLA Publishing
House.
2. FIBA Official Rule Book. Latest Edition
3. Rivera, Aquilino R., Today’s Physical Education. 24K Printing Co. Inc., Mla.
4. Officiating Manual. FIBA
5. Reyes, et.al: Living with Music, Art, Physical Education, & Health, VIBAL

Web Sources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball
http://library.thinkquest.org/10615/no-frames/basketball/history.html
Vector Clip Art Picture of a Basketball Player Dribbling the Ball in Front...@ chumpysclipart.com
The Form Trainer Arm Band The UltimateBasketball Shooting Device @ yhst-
12654132427.stores.yahoo.net
"Extract" 2.7.2 Zone Defence (This is a Member's Only Section). Basketball ...
basketballcrazy.fortixcom.au
Basketball bounce pass. Bounce Pass – Video Clip. The Chest Pass: The chest ...
avcssbasketball.com
Overhead basketball pass. Overhead Pass – Video Clip. The Step Around Pass:
avcssbasketball.com
Vector Illustration: Basketball rebound blue @ dreamstime.com
Basic Conditioning Drills for BasketballPlayers @ stack.com
High School / College Basketball Court Dimensions @ apollostemplates.com
http://www.topendsports.com/sport/basketball/equipment.htm
http://www.livestrong.com/article/376547-what-is-the-size-of-a-
basketballbackboard/#ixzz2AHUW4eMI
http://www.hoopsvibe.com/basketball-training/articles/79171-basketball-rules-officials-their-
duties
www.youth-baketball-tips.com/how-to-shoot-a-basketball.html
www.youth-baketball-tips.com/how-to-dribble-a-basketball.html
www.youth-baketball-tips.com/how-to-rebound-a-basketball.html
www.buzzle.com/articles/how-to-dribble-a-basketball.html
www.buzzle.com/articles/how-to-pass-a-basketball.html
www.buzzle.com/articles/how-to-shoot-a-basketball.html

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www.buzzle.com/articles/how-to-run-a-basketball.html
www.wikihow.com/Become-a-better-Basketball-Shooter
https://study.com/academy/lesson/basketball-skills-activities-safety.html
www.fiba.basketball/documents/official-basketball-rules-2018.pdf
http://assets.ngin.com/attachments/document/0109/5058/Basketball_Referee_Signals.pdf

Prepared by:

JHONATHAN F. FABILA
EMMANUEL G. MIÑON
Lecturer

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