Scribd
Upload
138 views

Seepage 3

The document provides information to calculate seepage under a dam based on given parameters. It gives the length of the dam as 250m, the permeability constant K as 1.5 x 10-3 mm/sec, upstream water level as 18m, and downstream level as 6m. It then shows the calculations to find the seepage rate per meter as 9 x 10-3 m2/sec and the total seepage rate as 2250 x 10-3 m2/sec.

Uploaded by

سماح سعد كليب
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
138 views

Seepage 3

The document provides information to calculate seepage under a dam based on given parameters. It gives the length of the dam as 250m, the permeability constant K as 1.5 x 10-3 mm/sec, upstream water level as 18m, and downstream level as 6m. It then shows the calculations to find the seepage rate per meter as 9 x 10-3 m2/sec and the total seepage rate as 2250 x 10-3 m2/sec.

Uploaded by

سماح سعد كليب
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Ex 19: compute the quantity of seepage under the dam in fig below if K= 1.

5 x10-3
mm/sec. and level of water upstream is 18 m above the base of dam and
downstream is 6 m above the base of the dam. The length of the dam is 250 m.

1- Nf = 9 and Nd =18
2- if K= 1.5 x10-3, ' h= 18-6 =12m
3- q per m =1.5 x10-3x(9/18)x12 = 9x10-3 m2/sec
4- q = 9x10-3 m2/sec x 250 = 2250 x 10-3 m2/sec
Ex 20: A river bed consist of a layer of sand 8-25m thick overlying impermeable
rock, the depth of water is 2.5m. A long cofferdam 5.5m wide is formed by driving
two lines of sheet piling to a depth of 6 m below the level of the river bed and
excavation to a depth of 2.0 m below bed level is carried out within the cofferdam.
The water level within the cofferdam is kept at excavation level by pumping. If the
flow of water into cofferdam is 0.25 m3/h per unit length, what is the coefficient of
permeability of the sand? what is the hydraulic gradient immediately below the
excavated surface.

Sol: the section and flow net appear in fig below in the flow net there are 6 flow
channel and 10 equipotential drops. The total head loss is 4.5m. The coefficient of
permeability is given by:
Ex 21: for the flow net shown below

a) How high would water rise if piezometer is place at A, B and C.


b) if K= 0.01 mm/s, determine the seepage loss of the dam in m3/(day.m).
c) Draw uplift distribution and calculate the up lift force on the structure.
Sol. The maximum hydraulic head h is 10 m in the fig. Nd=12, Ʌh= h/
Nd=10/12=0.833

x METHODS OF OBTAINING FLOW NETS

The following methods are available for the determination of flow nets:

1. Graphical solution by sketching

2. Mathematical or analytical methods

3. Numerical analysis

4. Models

5. Analogy methods ‫طﺮ ق اﻟﻘﯿﺎس او اﻟﺘﻤﺎﺛﻞ‬


All the methods are based on Laplace’s equation.

6.8.1 Graphical Solution by Sketching

A flow net for a given cross-section is obtained by first transforming the cross-
section (if the subsoil is anisotropic), and then sketching by trial and error, taking
note of the boundary conditions.
(a) Every opportunity to study well-constructed flow nets should be utilised ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬
to get the feel of the problem.

(b) Four to five flow channels are usually sufficient for the first attempt.

(c) The entire flow net should be sketched roughly ‫ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﻲ‬before details are
adjusted ‫ﺗﻌﺪل‬.

(d) The fact that all transitions are smooth and are of elliptical or parabolic shape
should be borne in mind.

(e) The boundary flow lines and boundary equipotentials should first be recognised
and Sketched.

x Quick sand

Let us consider the upward flow of water through a soil sample as shown in Fig.
below. Total upward water force on the soil mass at the bottom surface = (h + L) γw
. A . Total downward force at the bottom surface = Weight of the soil in the saturated
condition
This means that an upward hydraulic gradient of magnitude (G – 1)/(1 + e) will be
just sufficient to start the phenomenon of ‘‘boiling’’ in sand. This gradient is
commonly referred to as the ‘‘Critical hydraulic gradient’’, ic. Its value is
approximately equal to unity.

SEEPAGE FORCES

You might also like