0VE TEST - 745-158-394

001 - Which of the following commands updates the already installed RPM package
rpmname?
A. rpm –update rpmname
**B. rpm -U rpmname
C. rpm -q rpmname
D. rpm –force rpmname
E. rpm -u rpmname

002 - Which of the following commands will mount an already inserted CD-ROM in
/dev/sr0 onto
an existing directory /mnt/cdrom when issued with root privileges?
A. mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
B. mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom
**C. mount -t cdrom /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom
D. mount -l cdrom /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom
E. mount -f /dev/sr0/mnt/cdrom

003 - Which of the following is the device file name for the second partition on
the only SCSI drive?
A. /dev/hda1
**B. /dev/sda2
C. /dev/sd0a2
D. /dev/sd1p2

004 - Which option to the tee command will cause the output to be concatenated on
the end of
the output file instead of overwriting the existing file contents?
**A. -a
B. -c
C. –no-clobber
D. –continue

005 - Which of the following commands is used to change metadata and options for
ext3 filesystems?
A. mod3fs
B. tune3fs
C. mod2fs
**D. tune2fs
E. dump2fs

006 - When using regular expressions, which of the following characters match the
beginning of a line?
**A. ^
B. ?
C. *
D. +
E. $

007 - Which of the following commands will change the quota for a specific user?
**A. edquota
B. repquota
C. quota -e
D. quota

008 - What command changes the nice level of a running process? (Specify ONLY the
command without
any path or parameters)
Anwser: renice

009 - What is the maximum niceness value that a regular user can assign to a
process with the nice
command when executing a new process?
A. 9
**B. 19
C. 49
D. 99

010 - Which of the following commands will produce the following output?
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START
TIME COMMAND
root 1255 4.4 0.9 60716 34824 ttu7 Ss+ 09:25 19:04
/usr/bin/X :0 -
A. jobs
B. proclist
C. netstat
**D. ps

011 - Which variable defines the directories in which a Bash shell searches for
executable commands?
A. BASHEXEC
B. BASHRC
**C. PATH
D. EXECPATH
E. PATHRC

012 - Which of the following statements is correct regarding the command foo 1>
bar?
A. The stdout from the command foo is appended to the file bar.
**B. The stdout from the command foo overwrites the file bar.
C. The command foo receives its stdin from the file bar.
D. The command foo receives its stdin from the stdout of the command bar.
E. The stderr from the command foo is saved to the file bar.

013 - Which file from the /proc file system contains a list of all currently
mounted devices?
(Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: mounts

014 - Which of the following commands prints all files and directories within
the /tmp directory or
its subdirectories which are also owned by the user root? (Choose TWO correct
answers.)
A. find /tmp -uid root -print
B. find -path /tmp -uid root
**C. find /tmp -user root -print
**D. find /tmp -user root
E. find -path /tmp -user root -print

015 - Which of the following describes the correct order in which the components of
the system
boot process are started?
A. BIOS, kernel, bootloader, init system
**B. BIOS, bootloader, kernel, init system
C. Bootloader, BIOS, kernel, init system
D. BIOS, bootloader, init system, kernel
E. Bootloader, BIOS, init system, kernel

016 - Which of the following are init systems used within Linux systems? (Choose
THREE correct answers.)
A. startd
**B. systemd
**C. Upstart
D. SysInit
**E. SysV init

017 - Which of the following commands will load a kernel module along with any
required dependency modules?
A. depmod
B. insmod
**C. modprobe
D. module_install
E. loadmod

018 - Which character, added to the end of a command, runs that command in the
background as a child
process of the current shell?
A. !
B. +
**C. &
D. %
E. #

019 - Which of the following commands can be used to display the inode number of a
given file?
A. inode
**B. ls
C. ln
D. cp

020 - Which umask value will result in the default access permissions of 600 (rw
——-) for files and 700
(rwx——) for directories? (Specify only the numerical umask value.)
Answer: 0077, 077

021 - Which of the following information is stored within the BIOS? (Choose TWO
correct
answers.)
**A. Boot device order
B. Linux kernel version
C. Timezone
**D. Hardware configuration
E. The system’s hostname

022 - Which of the following command lines creates or, in case it already exists,
overwrites a file
called data with the output of ls?
A. ls 3> data
B. ls >& data
**C. ls > data
D. ls >> data

023 - Creating a hard link to an ordinary file returns an error. What could be the
reason for this?
A. The source file is hidden.
B. The source file is read-only.
C. The source file is a shell script.
D. The source file is already a hard link.
**E. The source and the target are on different filesystems.

024 - Where does the BIOS search for a bootloader?

A. On all connected storage media regardless of the boot device order.
**B. On all connected storage media in the defined boot device order.
C. Only on hard disk drives in the defined boot device order.
D. Only on the last added storage media.
E. The BIOS is not responsible to search for a valid bootloader.

025 - When piping the output of find to the xargs command, what option to find is
useful if the
filenames have spaces in them?
A. -rep-space
**B. -print0
C. -nospace
D. -ignore-space

026 - What information can the lspci command display about the system hardware?
(Choose
THREE correct answers.)
**A. Device IRQ settings
**B. PCI bus speed
C. System battery type
**D. Device vendor identification
E. Ethernet MAC address

027 - Which Debian package management tool asks the configuration questions for a
specific already
installed package just as if the package were being installed for the first time?
(Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: dpkg-reconfigure

028 - Which of the following commands will print the last 10 lines of a text file
to the standard output?
A. cat -n 10 filename
B. dump -n 10 filename
C. head -n 10 filename
**D. tail -n 10 filename

029 - Which of the following commands moves and resumes in the background the last
stopped shell job?
A. run
**B. bg
C. fg
D. back

030 - Which of the following commands will print important system information such
as the kernel
version and machine hardware architecture?
A. sysinfo
**B. uname
C. lspci
D. arch
E. info
031 - Which of the following statements describes a difference between GNU GRUB
Legacy and GRUB 2?
A. GRUB 2 no longer requires a configuration file.
**B. Partition numbers start at 0 in GRUB Legacy and 1 in GRUB 2.
C. grub-mkconfigonly works with GRUB Legacy if the–version 1option is used.
D. The configuration filemenu.lst(andgrub.conf) have been replaced withgrub.config.

032 - What does the ? symbol within regular expressions represent?

A. Match the preceding qualifier one or more times.
B. Match the preceding qualifier zero or more times.
**C. Match the preceding qualifier zero or one times.
D. Match a literal ?character.

033 - In order to display all currently mounted filesystems, which of the following
commands could
be used? (Choose TWO correct answers.)
**A. cat /proc/self/mounts
B. free
**C. mount
D. lsmounts
E. cat /proc/filesystems

034 - In the vi editor, how can commands such as moving the cursor or copying lines
into the buffer be issued multiple times or applied to multiple rows?
A. By using the command :repeat followed by the number and the command.
**B. By specifying the number right in front of a command such as 4l or 2yj.
C. By selecting all affected lines using the shift and cursor keys before applying
the command.
D. By issuing a command such as :set repetition=4 which repeats every
subsequentcommand 4 times.

035 - Which of the following commands will write a message to the terminals of all
logged in users?
A. bcast
B. mesg
C. print
**D. wall
E. yell

036 - Which of the following files, located in the user home directory, is used to
store the Bash history?
**A. .bash_history
B. .bash_histfile
C. .history
D. .bashrc_history
E. .history_bash

037 - In Bash, inserting 1>&2 after a command redirects

A. standard error to standard input.
B. standard input to standard error.
**C. standard output to standard error.
D. standard error to standard output.
E. standard output to standard input.

038 - Which command will disable swapping on a device? (Specify ONLY the command
without any path or parameters.)
Answer: swapoff, /sbin/swapoff

039 - Which of the following statements is correct when talking about /proc/?
A. All changes to files in /proc/ are stored in /etc/proc.d/ and restored on
reboot.
B. All files within /proc/ are read-only and their contents cannot be changed.
**C. All changes to files in /proc/ are immediately recognized by the kernel.
D. All files within /proc/ are only readable by the root user.

040 - Which of the following commands creates an ext3 filesystem on /dev/sdb1?

(Choose TWO correct answers.)
**A. /sbin/mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1
**B. /sbin/mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
C. /sbin/mkfs -c ext3 /dev/sdb1
D. /sbin/mke3fs -j /dev/sdb1

041 - Which of the following commands will send output from the program myapp to
both standard output
(stdout) and the file file1.log?
A. cat < myapp | cat > file1.log
B. myapp 0>&1 | cat > file1.log
C. myapp | cat > file1.log
**D. myapp | tee file1.log
E. tee myapp file1.log

042 - In a nested directory structure, which find command line option would be used
to restrict the
command to searching down a particular number of subdirectories?
A. -dirmax
**B. -maxdepth
C. -maxlevels
D. -n
E. -s

043 - In compliance with the FHS, in which of the directories are man pages found?
**A. /usr/share/man
B. /opt/man
C. /usr/doc/
D. /var/pkg/man
E. /var/man

044 - Which of the following commands will change all CR-LF pairs in an imported
text file,
userlist.txt, to Linux standard LF characters and store it as newlist.txt?
A. tr ‘\\r\\n’ ” < userlist.txt > newlist.txt
B. tr -c ‘\\n\\r’ ” < newlist.txt > userlist.txt
**C. tr -d ‘\\r’ < userlist.txt > newlist.txt
D. tr ‘\\r’ ‘\\n’ userlist.txt newlist.txt
E. tr -s ‘^M’ ‘^J’ userlist.txt newlist.txt

045 - What happens after issuing the command vi without any additional parameters?
A. vi starts and loads the last file used andmoves the cursor to the position where
vi was when it last exited.
B. vi starts and requires the user to explicitly either create a new or load an
existing file.
C. vi exits with an error message as it cannot be invoked without a file name to
operate on.
**D. vi starts in command mode and opens a new empty file.
E. vi starts and opens a new file which is filled with the content of the vi buffer
if the buffer contains text.

046 - In which directory must definition files be placed to add additional

repositories to yum?
Answer: /etc/yum.repos.d, /etc/yum.repos.d/, yum.repos.d, yum.repos.d/

047 - Which of the following shell redirections will write standard output and
standard error output to a file named filename?
A. 2>&1 >filename
**B. >filename 2>&1
C. 1>&2>filename
D. >>filename
E. 1&2>filename

048 - Which of the following environment variables overrides or extends the list of
directories holding shared libraries?
A. LD_LOAD_PATH
B. LD_LIB_PATH
**C. LD_LIBRARY_PATH
D. LD_SHARE_PATH
E. LD_RUN_PATH

049 - Which of the following pieces of information of an existing file is changed

when a hard link pointing to that file is created?
A. File size
B. Modify timestamp
**C. Link count
D. Inode number
E. Permissions

050 - Which SysV init configuration file should be modified to disable the ctrl-
alt-delete key combination?
A. /etc/keys
B. /proc/keys
**C. /etc/inittab
D. /proc/inittab
E. /etc/reboot

051 - What can the Logical Volume Manager (LVM) be used for? (Choose THREE correct
answers.)
A. To create RAID 9 arrays.
**B. To dynamically change the size of logical volumes.
C. To encrypt logical volumes.
**D. To create snapshots.
**E. To dynamically create or delete logical volumes.

052 - Which of the following commands can be used to create a new file that is
100kB in size?
**A. dd
B. file
C. mkfile
D. touch

053 - In the vi editor, what vi command will copy (but not paste) from the current
line at the cursor and the
following 16 lines (17 lines total)? Specify the correct vi command without spaces.
Answer: 17yy

054 - What does the command mount -a do?

A. It mounts all available filesystems onto the current directory.
B. It shows all mounted filesystems.
C. It mounts all user mountable filesystems for thecurrent user.
**D. It mounts all filesystems listed in /etc/fstab which have the option auto set.
E. It mounts all filesystems listed in /etc/fstab which have the option noauto set.

055 - What is the process ID number of the init process on a SysV init based
system?
A. -1
B. 0
**C. 1
D. It is different with each reboot.
E. It is set to the current run level.

056 - When starting a program with the nice command without any additional
parameters, which
nice level is set for the resulting process?
A. -10
B. 0
**C. 10
D. 20

057 - Which signal is missing from the following command that is commonly used to
instruct a daemon to
reinitialize itself, including reading configuration files? killall -s _______
daemon
Answer: HUP, SIGHUP, 1

058 - Which of the following commands reboots the system when using SysV init?
(Choose TWO correct answers.)
**A. shutdown -r now
B. shutdown -r “rebooting”
**C. telinit 6
D. telinit 0
E. shutdown -k now “rebooting”

059 - In Bash, inserting 2>&1 after a command redirects:

A. standard error to standard input.
B. standard input to standard error.
**C. standard output to standard error.
D. standard error to standard output.
E. standard outputto standard input.

060 - What is the output of the following command? echo “Hello World” | tr -d aieou
A. Hello World
B. eoo
**C. Hll Wrld
D. eoo Hll Wrld

061 - Which of the following are filesystems which can be used on Linux root
partitions? (Choose two.)
A. NTFS
**B. ext3
C. XFS
D. VFAT
**E. swap

062 - Which of the following commands instructs SysVinit to reload its

configuration file?
A. reinit
B. initreload
C. telinit 7
**D. telinit q
E. init reinit

063 - Which of the following is a limitation of the cut command?

A. The cut command can only select output by field position.
**B. The cut command cannot reorder fields.
C. The cut command only works on ASCIItext.
D. The cut command cannot use different input and output delimiters.

064 - Which of the following commands print the current working directory when
using a Bash shell? (Choose two.)
**A. echo “${PWD}”
B. echo “${WD}”
**C. pwd
D. printwd
E. echo “${pwd}”

065 - Which of the following commands displays the contents of a gzip compressed
tar archive?
A. gzip archive.tgz | tar xvf –
**B. tar ztf archive.tgz
C. gzip -d archive.tgz | tar tvf –
D. tar cf archive.tgz

066 - Which of the following commands kills the process with the PID 123 but allows
the process to “clean up” before exiting?
A. kill -PIPE 123
B. kill -KILL 123
C. kill -STOP 123
**D. kill -TERM 123

067 - When running the command

sed -e “s/a/b/” /tmp/file >/tmp/file
While /tmp/file contains data, why is /tmp/file empty afterwards?
A. The file order is incorrect. The destination file must be mentioned before the
command to ensure redirection.
B. The command sed did not match anything in that file therefore the output is
empty.
**C. When the shell establishes the redirection it overwrites the target file
before the redirected command starts and opens it for reading.
D. Redirection for shell commands do not work using the > character. It only works
using the | character instead.

068 - Which of the following command sets the Bash variable named TEST with the
content FOO?
A. set TEST=”FOO”
B. TEST = “FOO”
C. var TEST=”FOO”
**D. TEST=”FOO”

069 - Which command shows all shared libraries required by a binary executable or
another shared library?
(Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: ldd

070 - What is the first program that is usually started, at boot time, by the Linux
kernel when using SysV init?
A. /lib/init.so
**B. /sbin/init
C. /etc/rc.d/rcinit
D. /proc/sys/kernel/init
E. /boot/init

071 - When given the following command line.

echo “foo bar” | tee bar | cat
Which of the following output is created?
A. cat
**B. foo bar
C. tee bar
D. bar
E. foo

072 - During a system boot cycle, what program is executed after the BIOS completes
its tasks?
**A. The bootloader
B. The inetd program
C. The init program
D. The kernel

073 - Which command displays a list of all background tasks running in the current
shell?
(Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: jobs

074 - Which of the following commands can be used to download the RPM package
kernel without installing it?
A. yum download –no-install kernel
**B. yumdownloader kernel
C. rpm –download –package kernel
D. rpmdownload kernel

075 - Which of the following Linux filesystems preallocates a fixed number of

inodes at the filesystem’s
make/creation time and does NOT generate them as needed? (Choose TWO correct
answers.)
**A. ext3
B. JFS
**C. ext2
D. XFS
E. procfs

076 - Which of the following commands changes the number of days before the ext3
filesystem on
/dev/sda1 has to run through a full filesystem check while booting?
A. tune2fs -d 200 /dev/sda1
B. tune2fs -c 200 /dev/sda1
**C. tune2fs -i 200 /dev/sda1
D. tune2fs -n 200 /dev/sda1
E. tune2fs –days 200 /dev/sda1

077 - What is the difference between the i and a commands of the vi editor?
A. i (interactive) requires the user to explicitly switch between vi modes whereas
a (automatic) switches modesautomatically.
**B. i (insert) inserts text before the current cursor position whereas a (append)
inserts text after the cursor.
C. i (independent rows) starts every new line at the first character whereas a
(aligned rows) keeps the indentation of the previous line.
D. i (interrupt) temporarily suspends editing of a file to the background whereas a
(abort) terminates editing.

078 - Which file should be edited to select the network locations from which Debian
installation package files are loaded?
A. /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg
B. /etc/apt/apt.conf
C. /etc/apt/apt.conf.d
**D. /etc/apt/sources.list
E. /etc/dpkg/dselect.cfg

079 - Which chown command will change the ownership to dave and the group to staff
on a file named data.txt?
A. chown dave/staff data.txt
B. chown -u dave -g staff data.txt
C. chown –user dave –group staff data.txt
**D. chown dave:staff data.txt

080 - Which of the following commands can be used to locate programs and their
corresponding man pages and configuration files?
A. dirname
B. which
C. basename
D. query
**E. whereis

081 - Which of the following commands is used to change options and positional
parameters for a running Bash?
A. history
**B. set
C. bashconf
D. setsh
E. envsetup

082 - What is the purpose of the Bash built-in export command?

A. It allows disks to be mounted remotely.
B. It runs a command as a process in a subshell.
C. It makes the command history available to subshells.
**D. It sets up environment variables for applications.
E. It shares NFS partitions for use by other systems on the network.

083 - Pressing the Ctrl-C combination on the keyboard while a command is executing
in the foreground sends which of the following signal codes?
A. 1(SIGHUP)
**B. 2(SIGINT)
C. 3(SIGQUIT)
D. 9(SIGKILL)
E. 15(SIGTERM)

084 - What command will generate a list of user names from /etc/passwd along with
their login shell?
A. column -s : 1,7 /etc/passwd
B. chop -c 1,7 /etc/passwd
C. colrm 1,7 /etc/passwd
**D. cut -d: -f1,7 /etc/passwd

085 - Which command is used to create and initialize the files used to store quota
information?
(Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: quotacheck
086 - What does the command grub-install /dev/sda do?
A. GRUB creates partitions on the device/dev/sdato be used with Linux.
B. GRUB sets the default BIOS boot device to/dev/sda.
**C. GRUB installs all required files and configures the boot loader on
device/dev/sda.
D. GRUB recompiles the Linux Kernel and installs it on the Master Boot Record of
device/dev/sda.

087 - Regarding the command: nice -5 /usr/bin/prog

Which of the following statements is correct?
A. /usr/bin/prog is executed with a nice level of -5.
**B. /usr/bin/prog is executed with a nice level of 5.
C. /usr/bin/prog is executed with a priority of -5.
D. /usr/bin/prog is executed with a priority of 5.

088 - After successfully creating a hard link called bar to the ordinary file foo,
foo is deleted from the filesystem.
Which of the following describes the resulting situation?
A. foo and bar would both be removed.
**B. foo would be removed while bar would remain accessible.
C. foo would be removed. bar would still exist but would be unusable.
D. Both foo and bar would remain accessible.
E. The user is prompted whether bar should be removed, too.

089 - What is the default action of the split command on an input file?
A. It will break the file into new files of 1,024 byte pieces each.
**B. It will break the file into new files of 1,000 line pieces each.
C. It will break the file into new files of 1,024 kilobyte pieces each.
D. It will break the file into new files that are no morethan 5% of the size of the
original file.

090 - Which of the following commands lists the dependencies of a given dpkg
package?
A. apt-cache depends-onpackage
B. apt-cache dependencies package
**C. apt-cache depends package
D. apt-cache requires package

091 - What is the effect of the egrep command when the -v option is used?
A. It enables color to highlight matching parts.
**B. It only outputs non-matching lines.
C. It shows the command’s version information.
D. It changes the output order showing the last matching line first.

092 - Which command will display messages from the kernel that were output during
the normal boot sequence?
Answer: dmesg, /bin/dmesg

093 - Which world-writable directory should be placed on a separate partition in

order to prevent users
from being able to fill up the / filesystem? (Specify the full path to the
directory.)
Answer: /tmp, tmp, /var/tmp, /tmp/, /var/tmp/

094 - Which RPM command will output the name of the package which supplied the file
/etc/exports?
A. rpm -F /etc/exports
**B. rpm -qf /etc/exports
C. rpm -Kl /etc/exports
D. rpm -qp /etc/exports
E. rpm -qi/etc/exports

095 - Which of the following kernel parameters instructs the kernel to suppress
most boot messages?
A. silent
B. verbose=0
C. nomesg
**D. quiet

096 - Which command is used to start another command with a given nice level?
(Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: nice

097 - Which of the following commands updates the linker cache of shared libraries?
A. mkcache
B. soconfig
C. mkldconfig
D. lddconfig
**E. ldconfig

098 - Instead of supplying an explicit device in /etc/fstab for mounting, what

other options may be used
to identify the intended partition? (Choose TWO correct answers.)
A. FIND
B. ID
**C. LABEL
D. NAME
**E. UUID

099 - Which of the following options must be passed to a filesystem’s entry in

/etc/fstab in order to mount the file system without root privileges?
A. auto
B. norestrict
C. noauto
**D. user

100 - How is a symbolic link called bar.conf pointing to foo.conf created?

**A. ln -s foo.conf bar.conf
B. ln foo.conf bar.conf
C. ln -s bar.conf foo.conf
D. ln bar.conffoo.conf

101 - Which of the following commands is used to modify quota settings? (Choose
two.)
A. editquota
**B. setquota
**C. edquota
D. quotaedit
E. quotaset

102 - Which of the following options is used in a GRUB Legacy configuration file to
define the amount of time
that the GRUB menu will be shown to the user?
A. hidemenu
B. splash
**C. timeout
D. showmenu
103 - What is the purpose of the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard?
A. It is a security model used to ensurefiles are organized according to their
permissions and accessibility.
B. It provides unified tools to create, maintain and manage multiple filesystems in
a common way.
C. It defines a common internal structure of inodes for all compliant filesystems.
**D. It is a distribution neutral description of locations of files and
directories.

104 - Which of the following settings for umask ensures that new files have the
default permissions -rw-r—– ?
A. 0017
B. 0640
C. 0038
**D. 0027

105 - Which file in the /proc filesystem lists parameters passed from the
bootloader to the kernel?
(Specify the file name only without any path.)
Answer: cmdline, /proc/cmdline

106 - From a Bash shell, which of the following commands directly executes the
instruction from the
file /usr/local/bin/runme.sh without starting a subshell? (Please select TWO
answers.)
**A. source /usr/local/bin/runme.sh
**B. . /usr/local/bin/runme.sh
C. /bin/bash /usr/local/bin/runme.sh
D. /usr/local/bin/runme.sh
E. run /usr/local/bin/runme.sh

107 - Which of the following commands enables the setuid (suid) permission on the
executable /bin/foo?
A. chmod 1755 /bin/foo
**B. chmod 4755 /bin/foo
C. chmod u-s /bin/foo
D. chmod 755+s /bin/foo

108 - How many fields are in a syntactically correct line of /etc/fstab?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
**D. 6
E. 7

109 - Which of the following commands converts spaces in a file to tab characters
and prints the
result to standard output?
A. iconv
B. expand
**C. unexpand
D. tab

110 - In compliance with the FHS, in which of the following directories are
documentation files found?
A. /usr/share/documentation
B. /usr/local/share/documentation
**C. /var/share/doc
D. /usr/share/doc
E. /etc/share/doc

111 - How can the list of files that would be installed by the RPM package file
apache-xml.rpm be previewed?
A. rpm -qp apache-xml.rpm
B. rpm -qv apache-xml.rpm
C. rpm -ql apache-xml.rpm
**D. rpm -qpl apache-xml.rpm

112 - When planning a partition scheme, which of the following directories could be
considered for
separate partitions? (Choose three.)
A. /etc
**B. /home
**C. /var
D. /lib
**E. /opt

113 - Which of the following signals is sent to a process when the key combination
CTRL+C is
pressed on the keyboard?
A. SIGTERM
**B. SIGINT
C. SIGSTOP
D. SIGKILL

114 - Which of the following commands will reduce all consecutive spaces down to a
single space?
A. tr ‘\\s’ ‘ ‘ < a.txt > b.txt
B. tr -c ‘ ‘ < a.txt > b.txt
C. tr -d ‘ ‘ < a.txt > b.txt
D. tr -r ‘ ‘ ‘\\n’ < a.txt > b.txt
**E. tr -s ‘ ‘ < a.txt > b.txt

115 - After running the command umount /mnt, the following error message is
displayed:
umount: /mnt: device is busy.
What is a common reason for this message?
A. The kernel has not finished flushing disk writes to themounted device.
**B. A user has a file open in the /mnt directory.
C. Another file system still contains a symlink to a file inside /mnt.
D. The files in /mnt have been scanned and added to the locate database.
E. The kernel thinks that a process is about toopen a file in /mnt for reading.

116 - What do the permissions -rwSr-xr-x mean for a binary file when it is executed
as a command?
A. The command is SetUID and it will be executed with the effective rights of the
owner.
B. The command will be executed with the effective rights of the group instead of
the owner.
**C. The execute flag is not set for the owner. Therefore the SetUID flag is
ignored.
D. The command will be executed with the effective rights of the owner and group.

117 - Which of the following file permissions belong to a symbolic link?

A. -rwxrwxrwx
B. +rwxrwxrwx
**C. lrwxrwxrwx
D. srwxrwxrwx

118 - Which of the following commands determines the type of a file by using a
definition database
file which contains information about all common file types?
A. magic
B. type
**C. file
D. pmagic
E. hash

119 - Which of the following characters can be combined with a separator string in
order to read
from the current input source until the separator string, which is on a separate
line and without any
trailing spaces, is reached?
**A. <<
B. <|
C. !<
D. &<

120 - Which of the following commands will NOT update the modify timestamp on the
file
/tmp/myfile.txt?
**A. file /tmp/myfile.txt
B. echo “Hello” >/tmp/myfile.txt
C. sed -ie “s/1/2/” /tmp/myfile.txt
D. echo -n “Hello” >>/tmp/myfile.txt
E. touch /tmp/myfile.txt

121 - What of the following statements are true regarding /dev/ when using udev?
(Choose TWO
correct answers.)
A. Entries for all possible devices get created on boot even if those devices are
not connected.
**B. Additional rules for udev can be created by adding them to /etc/udev/rules.d/.
C. When using udev, it is not possible to create block orcharacter devices in /dev/
using mknod.
**D. The /dev/ directory is a filesystem of type tmpfs and is mounted by udev
during system startup.
E. The content of /dev/ is stored in /etc/udev/dev and is restored during system
startup.

122 - Which of the following commands lists all currently installed packages when
using RPM
package management?
A. yum –query –all
B. yum –list –installed
**C. rpm –query –all
D. rpm –list -installed

123 - When removing a package, which of the following dpkg options will completely
remove the
files including configuration files?
A. –clean
B. –delete
**C. –purge
D. -remove
124 - Which of the following statements is correct for a command line ending with a
& character?
A. The command’s output is redirected to/dev/null.
B. The result of the command defines if the next command will be run.
**C. The command is run in background of the current shell.
D. The command is run as a direct child of theinitprocess.

125 - Which function key is used to start Safe Mode in Windows NT?
A. F10
B. F8
C. F6
**D. Windows NT does not support Safe Mode

126 - When in Normal mode invi, which character can be used to begin a reverse
search of the text?
**A. ?
B. /
C. F
D. r

127 - Which signal is sent by the kill command by default?

A. SIGHUP(1)
B. SIGQUIT(3)
C. SIGKILL(9)
**D. SIGTERM(15)

128 - After modifying GNU GRUB’s configuration file, which command must be run for
the changes
to take effect?
A. kill -HUP $(pidof grub)
B. grub-install
C. grub
**D. No action is required

129 - Which command is used in a Linux environment to create a new directory?

(Specify ONLY the
command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: mkdir, /usr/bin/mkdir

130 - Which of the following commands is used to update the list of available
packages when using
dpkg based package management?
**A. apt-get update
B. apt-get upgrade
C. apt-cache update
D. apt-get refresh
E. apt-cache upgrade

131 - Which run levels should never be declared as the default run level when using
SysV init?
(Choose TWO correct answers.)
**A. 0
B. 1
C. 3
D. 5
**E. 6

132 - Which of the following commands set the sticky bit for the directory /tmp?
(Choose TWO
correct answers.)
A. chmod +s /tmp
**B. chmod +t /tmp
**C. chmod 1775 /tmp
D. chmod 4775 /tmp
E. chmod 2775 /tmp

133 - Which of the following are modes of the vi editor? (Choose two.)
A. edit mode
**B. insert mode
C. change mode
D. review mode
**E. command mode

134 - Which of the following commands can be used to search for the executable file
foo when it
has been placed in a directory not included in $PATH?
A. apropos
B. which
**C. find
D. query
E. whereis

135 - Which command will uninstall a package but leave its configuration files in
case the package is
re-installed?
A. dpkg -s pkgname
B. dpkg -L pkgname
C. dpkg -P pkgname
**D. dpkg -r pkgname

136 - Which of the following commands prints a list of usernames (first column) and
their primary
group (fourth column) from the /etc/passwd file?
A. fmt -f 1,4 /etc/passwd
B. split -c 1,4 /etc/passwd
**C. cut -d : -f 1,4 /etc/passwd
D. paste -f 1,4 /etc/passwd

137 - Which of the following commands makes /bin/foo executable by everyone but
writable only
by its owner?
**A. chmod u=rwx,go=rx /bin/foo
B. chmod o+rwx,a+rx /bin/foo
C. chmod 577 /bin/foo
D. chmod 775 /bin/foo

138 - Which of the following apt-get commands will install the newest versions of
all currently
installed packages?
A. auto-update
B. full-upgrade
**C. dist-upgrade
D. install
E. update

139 - Which Bash environment variable defines in which file the user history is
stored when exiting a
Bash process? (Specify ONLY the variable name.)
Answer: HISTFILE

140 - Which shell command is used to continue background execution of a suspended

command?
A. &
**B. bg
C. cont
D. exec
E. :&

140 - Which of the following commands brings a system running SysV init into a
state in which it is
safe to perform maintenance tasks? (Choose TWO correct answers.)
A. shutdown -R 1 now
B. shutdown -single now
**C. init 1
**D. telinit 1
E. runlevel 1

141 - Which utility would be used to change how often a filesystem check is
performed on an ext2
filesystem without losing any data stored on that filesystem?
A. mod2fs
B. fsck
**C. tune2fs
D. mke2fs
E. fixe2fs

142 - Which of the following commands are common Linux commands for file
management?
(Choose three correct answers.)
A. copy
**B. mv
C. move
**D. cp
**E. mkdir

143 - Which of the following partition types is used for Linux swap spaces when
partitioning hard
disk drives?
**A. 82
B. 83
C. 8e
D. fd
E. 7

144 - What is the default nice level when a process is started using the nice
command?
A. -10
**B. 10
C. 20
D. 0

145 - Which of the following are valid stream redirection operators within Bash?
(Choose THREE
correct answers.)
**A. <
**B. <<<
**C. >
D. >>>
E. %>

146 - Which of the following commands can be used to create a USB storage media
from a disk
image?
A. gdisk
**B. dd
C. cc
D. fdisk
E. mount

147 - Which command creates a swap space on a block device or a file? (Specify ONLY
the command
without any path or parameters.)
Answer: mkswap

148 - Which file in /proc describes the IRQs that are used by various kernel
drivers? (Specify the file name
only without any path.)
Answer: interrupts

149 - Which permissions and ownership should the file /etc/passwd have?
A. -rw——-1 rootroot531 Jun 5 22:45 /etc/passwd
**B. -rw-r–r–1 rootroot531 Jun 5 22:45 /etc/passwd
C. -rw-r–r–1 11531 Jun 5 22:45 /etc/passwd
D. -rw——-1 11531 Jun 5 22:45 /etc/passwd

150 - Which of the following shell commands makes the already defined variable TEST
visible to new
child processes? (Choose two.)
A. visible TEST
B. declare +x TEST
**C. declare -x TEST
**D. export TEST
E. export -v TEST

151 - Which of the following is correct when talking about mount points?
**A. Every existing directory can be used as a mount point.
B. Only empty directories can be used as a mount point.
C. Directories need to have the SetUID flag set to be used as a mount point.
D. Files within a directory are deleted when the directory is used as a mount
point.

152 - Which of the following options for the kernel’s command line changes the
systemd boot target
to rescue.target instead of the default target?
A. systemd.target=rescue.target
B. systemd.runlevel=rescue.target
C. systemd.service=rescue.target
D. systemd.default=rescue.target
**E. systemd.unit=rescue.target

153 - Which of the following commands changes the ownership of file.txt to the user
dan and the group staff?
A. chown dan/staff file.txt
**B. chown dan:staff file.txt
C. chown -u dan -g staff file.txt
D. chown dan -g staff file.txt
154 - After moving data to a new filesystem, how can the former path of the data be
kept intact in
order to avoid reconfiguration of existing applications? (Choose TWO correct
answers.)
A. By creating an ACL redirection from the old to the new path of the data.
B. By creatinga hard link from the old to the new path of the data.
**C. By creating a symbolic link from the old to the new path of the data.
D. By running the command touch on the old path.
**E. By mounting the new filesystem on the original path of the data.

155 - A user accidentally created the subdirectory \\dir in his home directory.
Which of the following
commands will remove that directory?
A. rmdir ‘~/\\dir’
B. rmdir “~/\\dir”
C. rmdir ~/’dir’
D. rmdir ~/\\dir
**E. rmdir ~/\\\\dir

156 - Which of the following commands will display the inode usage of each mounted
filesystem?
A. du -i
**B. df -i
C. lsfs -i
D. printfs -i

157 - Which of the following commands prints a list of available package updates
when using
RPM-based package management?
A. dpkg list
B. yum list
C. dpkg check-update
**D. yum check-update
E. yum list-update

158 - Which type of filesystem is created by mkfs when it is executed with the
block device name
only and without any additional parameters?
**A. ext2
B. ext3
C. ext4
D. XFS
E. VFAT

160 - What is the name of the main configuration file for GNU GRUB? (Specify the
file name only without any path.)
Answer: menu.lst, grub.conf, grub.cfg

161 - Which command is used to query information about the available packages on a
Debian system?
**A. apt-cache
B. apt-get
C. apt-search
D. dpkg
E. dpkg-search

162 - Which of the following commands can be used to determine how long the system
has been
running? (Choose TWO correct answers.)
**A. uptime
B. up
**C. top
D. uname -u
E. time -up

163 - When using rpm –verify to check files created during the installation of RPM
packages, which
of the following information is taken into consideration? (Choose THREE correct
answers.)
**A. Timestamps
**B. MD5 checksums
C. Inodes
**D. File sizes
E. GnuPG signatures

164 - In the vi editor, which of the following commands will copy the current line
into the vi buffer?
A. c
B. cc
C. 1c
**D. yy
E. 1y

165 - Following the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), where should binaries that
have been compiled
by the system administrator be placed in order to be made available to all users on
the system?
Answer: /usr/local/bin/

166 - Which of the following commands overwrites the bootloader located on /dev/sda
without
overwriting the partition table or any data following it?
A. dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512
B. dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1
**C.dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=440 count=1
D. dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=440

166 - Which command reads and displays the current contents of the Kernel Ring
Buffer on the command
line? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: dmesg

167 - Which command reads and displays the current contents of the Kernel Ring
Buffer on the command
line? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer: dmesg

168 - What does the command mount -a do?

A. It ensures that all file systems listed with the option noauto in /etc/fstab are
mounted.
B. It shows all mounted file systems that have been automatically mounted.
C. It opens an editor with root privileges and loads /etc/fstab for editing.
**D. It ensuresthat all file systems listed with the option auto in /etc/fstab are
mounted.
E. It ensures that all file systems listed in /etc/fstab are mounted regardless of
their options.
169 - What is the purpose of the xargs command?
A. It passes arguments to an X server.
**B. It reads standard input (STDIN) and builds up command lines to execute.
C. It helps shellscripts take variable argument lists.
D. It asks a question, graphically, and returns the answer to the shell.
E. It allows users to specify long options for commands that normally only accept
short options.

170 - Which of the following examples for Bash file globbing matches a file named
root-can-dothis.txt when used in the directory holding that file? (Choose three
correct answers.)
**A. root*can?do-this.{txt,odt}
B. r[oOoO]t-can-do*.txt
**C. {root,user,admin}-can-??-this.txt
D. root*can*do??this.txt
**E. root***{can,may}-do-this.[tT][xX][tT]

171 - Which of the following is true for hard linked files? (Choose three.)
A. The output ofstatwill reporthardinstead ofregular file.
**B. The hard linked files have the same permissions and owner.
**C. The hard linked files share the same inode.
D. The hard linked files are indicated by a -> when listed withls -1.
**E. The hard linked files must be on the same filesystem.

172 - Which grep command will print only the lines that do not end with a / in the
file foo?
A. grep’/$’ foo
B. grep ‘/#’ foo
**C. grep -v ‘/$’ foo
D. grep -v ‘/#’ foo

173 - Immediately after deleting 3 lines of text in vi and moving the cursor to a
different line, which
single character command will insert the deleted content below the current line?
A. i (lowercase)
B. P (uppercase)
**C. p (lowercase)
D. U (uppercase)
E. u (lowercase)

174 - Which option to the yum command will update the entire system? (Specify ONLY
the option name
without any additional parameters.)
Answer: update, upgrade

175 - Which of the following commands replaces each occurrence of ‘bob’ in the file
letter with
‘Bob’ and writes the result to the file newletter?
A. sed ‘/bob/Bob’ letter > newletter
B. sed s/bob/Bob/ letter < newletter
C. sed’s/bob/Bob’ letter > newletter
**D. sed ‘s/bob/Bob/g’ letter > newletter
E. sed ‘s/bob, Bob/’ letter > newletter

176 - Which of the following commands shows the definition of a given shell
command?
A. where
B. stat
**C. type
D. case

177 - Which SysV init configuration file is commonly used to set the default run
level? (Specify the full
name of the file, including path.)
Answer: inittab

178 - Which of the following commands changes all occurrences of the word “bob” in
file data to
“Bob” and prints the result to standard output?
A. sed’/bob/Bob’ data
**B. sed’s/bob/Bob/g’ data
C. sed’s/bob/Bob/’ data
D. sed’/bob/Bob/’ data
E. sed’s/bob,Bob/’ data

179 - Which of the following sequences in the vi editor saves the opened document
and exits the
editor? (Choose TWO correct answers.)
**A. esc ZZ
B. ctrl :w!
C. esc zz
**D. esc :wq!
E. ctrl XX

180 - Regarding the command: nice -5 /usr/bin/prog

which of the following statements is correct?
A. /usr/bin/prog is executed with a priority of 5
B. /usr/bin/prog is executed with a nice level of -5
C. /usr/bin/prog is executed with a priority of -5
**D. /usr/bin/prog is executed with a nice level of 5

181 - What is true regarding UEFI firmware? (Choose two.)

A. It can read and interpret partition tables
**B. It can use and read certain file systems
C. It stores its entire configuration on the /boot/ partition
**D. It is stored in a special area within the GPT metada
E. It is loaded from a fixed boot disk position

182 - Which of the following statements are true about the boot sequence of a PC
using a BIOS? (Choose two.)
**A. Some parts of the boot process can be configured from the BIOS
B. Linux does not require the assistance of the BIOS to boot a computer
C. The BIOS boot process starts only if secondary storage, such as the hard disk,
is functional
**D. The BIOS initiates the boot process after turning the computer on
E. The BIOS is started by loading hardware drivers from secondary storage, such as
the hard disk

183 - Which daemon handles power management events on a Linux system?

**A. acpid
B. batteryd
C. pwrmgntd
D. psd
E. inetd

184 - What is the process ID number of the init process on a System V init based
system?
A. -1
B. 0
**C. 1
D. It is different with each reboot
E. It is set to the current run level

185 - In compliance with the FHS, in which of the directories are man pages found?
A. /opt/man/
B. /usr/doc/
**C. /usr/share/man/
D. /var/pkg/man
E. /var/man/

186 - When considering the use of hard links, what are valid reasons not to use
hard links?
**A. Hard links are not available on all Linux systems because traditional
filesystems, such as ext4, do not support them
B. Each hard link has individual ownership, permissions and ACLs which can lead to
unintended disclosure of file content
C. Hard links are specific to one filesystem and cannot point to files on another
filesystem
D. If users other than root should be able to create hard links, suln has to be
installed and configured
E. When a hard linked file is changed, a copy of the file is created and consumes
additional space

187 - Which chown command changes the ownership to dave and the group to staff on a
file named data.txt?
A. chown dave/staff data.txt
B. chown –u dave –g staff data.txt
C. chown –user dave –group staff data.txt
D. chown dave+staff data.txt
**E. chown dave:staff data.txt

188 - In order to display all currently mounted filesystems, which of the following
commands could be used? (Choose two.)
**A. cat /proc/self/mounts
B. free
C. lsmounts
**D. mount
E. cat /proc/filesystems

189 - Consider the following directory:

drwxrwxr-x 2 root sales 4096 Jan 1 15:21 sales
Which command ensures new files created within the directory sales are owned by the
group sales? (Choose two.)
A. chmod g+s sales
B. setpol –R newgroup=sales sales
**C. chgrp –p sales sales
D. chown –persistent *.sales sales
**E. chmod 2775 sales

190 - Consider the following output from the command ls –i:

How would a new file named c.txt be created with the same inode number as a.txt
(Inode 525385)?
A. ln –h a.txt c.txt
B. ln c.txt a.txt
**C. ln a.txt c.txt
D. ln –f c.txt a.txt
E. ln –i 525385 c.txt
191 - Which of the following is true when a file system, which is neither listed in
/etc/fstab nor known to system, is mounted manually?
A. systemd ignores any manual mounts which are not done using the systemctl mount
command
**B. The command systemctl mountsync can be used to create a mount unit based on
the existing mount
C. systemd automatically generates a mount unit and monitors the mount point
without changing it
D. Unless a systemd mount unit is created, systemd unmounts the file system after a
short period of time
E. systemctl unmount must be used to remove the mount because system opens a file
descriptor on the mount point

192 - Which is the default percentage of reserved space for the root user on new
ext4 filesystems?
A. 10%
B. 3%
C. 15%
D. 0%
**E. 5%

193 - Which of the following commands changes the number of days before the ext3
filesystem on /dev/sda1 has to run through a full filesystem check while booting?
A. tune2fs –d 200 /dev/sda1
**B. tune2fs –i 200 /dev/sda1
C. tune2fs –c 200 /dev/sda1
D. tune2fs –n 200 /dev/sda1
E. tune2fs –days 200 /dev/sda1

194 - Which umask value ensures that new directories can be read, written and
listed by their owning user, read and listed by their owning group and are not
accessible at all for everyone else?
A. 0750
**B. 0027
C. 0036
D. 7640
E. 0029

195 - Which type of file system is created by mkfs when it is executed with the
block device name only and without any additional parameters?
A. XFS
B. VFAT
**C. ext2
D. ext3
E. ext4