PROF ED 7 - The Teacher and The School Curriculum: Talisay City College
PROF ED 7 - The Teacher and The School Curriculum: Talisay City College
Province of Cebu
City of Talisay
TALISAY CITY COLLEGE
Poblacion, Talisay City, Cebu
nd
2 Semester, Academic Year 2020-2021
Let us now go to the discussion of instructional medial which is also referred to as media technology or learning
technology. Technology plays a crucial role in delivering instruction to learners. Technology offers various tools of
learning and these ranges from non-projected to projected media depending on what he sees fit with the intended
instructional setting. When we say instructional setting we mean the availability of equipment which the school
administration can afford, the location of your school (whether there is or there is no power supply) and more importantly,
the teacher’s knowledge and skill in using the equipment.
Let us not discuss thoroughly, just a presented classification is shown, the entire type of media, non-projected
media or projected media, as you have learned this when you had your Prof Ed 5. Just in case it was not discussed by
your teacher, please refer it with your teacher during your virtual classes. Types of Media Technology
Non-projected Media Projected Media
Real objects Models Overhead projector Opaque Projector
Printed Materials Field Trips Slide Projector Video, VCD, DVD
(books, worksheets) Kits Filmstrips Betamax (before) let me include
Visuals (drawings, Visual boards such as Computer/laptop Multi- this one because some schools still
graphs, photographs, (chalkboard, whiteboard, media presentations have this as a donation from
charts, posters) flannel board ) LCD Projectors private entities
Audio Materials
Factors in Technology Selection
In deciding on which technology to use from a wide range of media available, the factors on which to base
selection are: (Note: the questions asked in each factor will guide you answering the practicality, appropriateness,
suitability and objective matching)
1. Practicality. Is the equipment (hardware) or already prepared lesson material (software) available? If not, what
would be the cost in acquiring the equipment or producing the lesson in audial or visual form? We all believe that
acquiring good or quality equipment will entail a big amount for the school administrator to spend. Therefore, let check if it
is very practical for the teachers to use it in their teaching-learning task.
2. Appropriateness in relation to the learners. Is the medium suitable to the learners’ ability to comprehend? LCD
Projector with a pair the teacher’s laptop is very ideal. But let us consider who the type of learners do the teachers have.
Do they not have visual or hearing impairment? If the students are visually impaired how would they appreciate the lesson
if they see nothing? And for those who have hearing impairment, what will they hear unless otherwise there are subtitles or
the animation have caricatures of text that becomes appropriate. Will the medium be a source of plain amusement or
entertainment, but not learning? There are teachers who use film showing or movie stories in their lessons with simple
instruction of “please watch this movie”. This gives us an impression that teachers did not prepare guide questions to the
students while watching the film/movie that will lead them to a more of an entertainment than a supplementary lesson for
their existing lesson. What am I trying to drive at? Teachers should prepare a lesson guide prior to the viewing of the
material so that students will be more cognizant on portions that will lead them to answer the activity. Thus, learning will
take place.
3. Activity/Suitability. Will the chosen media fit the set instructional event, resulting in either information,
motivation, or psychomotor display? Let us go back to the table presented above that classified non-projected and
projected media. Let us use Field Trips as an example. If you think that it is not dangerous, not costly, and not cumbersome
to use this medium why not use it when you will find it very suitable for your activity. Another example is the models
(realia). When the teacher’s discussion is the Earth’s rotation and revolution it is very difficult to use a printed material or a
graph nor a chart for this activity. Therefore, as a teacher you should use models (made of styrophor if you do not have it in
the bukid paper mache) where you can rotate and revolve the material for the students to see the difference between
rotation and revolution.
4. Objective – Matching. Over-all, does the medium help in achieving the learning objectives? Recall the lessons you
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learned from your teachers on the formulation of objectives. If the teacher’s objective in the lesson Philippine Geography is
the students will match the product, industry, tourist spot of each region therefore there is a specific instructional
material we should use. Let me therefore ask you, what material should we use? Can we use filmstrips? How about VCD or
DVD? Are they possible? No, it is impossible because you could not edit the material prepared by the maker. But using a
flannel board with pictures, drawings, posters, postcards is more appropriate because you are able to let the students
match the region with the specified elements.
The 1st trend is the paradigm (model/pattern) shift from teacher-centered to student-centered approach to learning.
John Dewey (a progressivist) insisted that the old model of schooling – students sitting in rows, memorizing and reciting –
was antiquated. Students should be active, not passive. They required compelling and relevant projects, not lectures.
Students should become problem solvers. Jerome Bruner (a constructivist) proposes that learners construct their own
knowledge and do this by organizing and categorizing information using a coding system. The concept of discovery learning
implies that students construct their own knowledge.
The 2nd trend is the broadening realization that education is not simply a delivery of facts and information but an
educative process of cultivating the cognitive, affective, psychomotor and much more the contemplative intelligence
of the learners of a new age. Learning is not only an improved knowledge on facts and information but a process of
modifying adjustment in one’s perceptual thinking (cognitive), reflective form of attitude (affective), and readiness in skills
(psychomotor) that can help them become a more effective, efficient and competent individual members of our ever
changing society. Again, Dewey puts education as the light of the rapid social and economic changes in the world.
Education should ensure an adequate preparation for immediate life. Education should encourage pupil to learn making
the school as an essential social and psychological institution.
The 3rd trend is the increase in the use of new information and communication technology (ICT). Ratheeswari (2018)
construed ICT as a dynamic change in society. It influences all aspects of life and these influences are felt more and more at
schools. Because ICT provides both students and teachers with more opportunities in adapting learning and teaching to
individual’s needs forcing schools to respond to technical innovation.
The primary roles of educational technology in delivering the school curriculum’s instructional program are:
1) Upgrading the quality of teaching – and – learning in schools
2) Increasing the capability of the teacher to effectively inculcate learning and for students to gain mastery of lessons
and courses.
3) Broadening the delivery of education outside schools through non-traditional approaches to formal and informal
learning.
4) Revolutionizing the use of technology to boost educational paradigm shifts that give importance to student
centeredness and holistic learning.
Stakeholders in Curriculum Implementation
by Bilbao, P., Dayagbil, F., Corpuz, B.
Source: p.92-106 Curriculum Development
What is a stakeholder? Stakeholder can be defined in many ways depending how you will use it. As far education is
concerned, edglosarry defined it as to anyone who has invested in the welfare and success of a school and its students,
including administrators, teachers, staff members , parents, families, community members, local business leaders and
elected officials of a state or government. Stakeholders can also be called as Collaborator, Colleague, Partner,
Shareholder, Participant or Associate. With that, you can already have an idea who are those people whom you can call
as partners in the school where you will be connected with. These are:
1) LEARNERS the core of the curriculum
the recipients of the curriculum
the dynamic participants in the planning, designing, implementing and evaluating
involved in the curriculum and their involvement is based on their maturity
make or break curriculum implementation by their active or non-involvement
put action to the curriculum together with the teachers
they make curriculum alive
Explanation: If not for the learners the curriculum will not exist. That is why in the 1 st function they are the core of the
curriculum is said.
2) TEACHERS are the curricularists
they plan, design, teach, implement and evaluate the curriculum making
the most important person in curriculum implementation
are stakeholders that need to continue with their professional development as it is contributory to their
participation in the curriculum development
they possess the full knowledge of the program, philosophy, content and components
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they manage the ways of teaching and they are also they are module writers
design, enriches and modifies the curriculum to suit the learner's characteristics
they should be part of the school's textbook committee
teachers are like technicians that when the curriculum is implemented they see to it that it is workable
or does not lead to failure
they reflect on the curriculum as they put their hearts in what they do
they are mindful that the center of everything they do, is the learner
Explanation: Reading the functions of teachers, you will notice how they work side by side with any of these other
stakeholders. In fact, others would claim that they are the key players in the implementation of the curriculum.
3) SCHOOL LEADERS are the curriculum managers
they understand fully the need for change in the implementation process
they should be ready to assist the teachers and students in the implementation
must open the communication lines in both or all ends that will lead to teamwork
they are the frontliners of the school
they should be committed to change and should employ strategies to meet the needs of the teachers,
learners, facilities and other resources
Explanation: School administrators have functions separate and distinct from the teachers. I can clearly remember
when a Music Teacher wanted to equip our school’s Music Room. He requested for an amount from the Management
and when it was granted the purchase of musical instruments was managed by him and me as the overseer of the funds
granted by our school administrators.
4) PARENTS are significant school partners
they equally have a role to play in the curriculum implementation
they raise their concerns regarding students' books, resources, activities, grading system and
sometimes school management
they engage themselves in the school program or activities
they volunteer to help in various activities that are within their lines of their professions
they may not be directly involved, but are formidable partners in the success of curriculum endeavor
A Simple Way of Curriculum Process – there are 8 steps to undertake and each step has its consideration
Identifying primary Curriculum Program Sponsors, Administrators, School Heads, Content Specialist
audiences
Identifying critical Outcomes (expected, desired, intended) Process (Implementation) Resources
issues/problems (Inputs)
Identifying data sources People (stakeholders) documents, records, evaluation studies
Identifying techniques Standardized test, informal tests, samples of students’ work, interviews, participant
for collecting data observations, checklist, anecdotal records
Identifying established Standards from CHED, DepEd, TESDA, and Professional Organizations
standards and criteria
Identifying techniques in Content Analysis, Process Analysis, Statistics, Comparison, Evaluation Process
data analysis
Preparing evaluation Written; Oral; Progress; Final; Summary; Descriptive; Graphic; Evaluative and
report Judgmental
Preparing Modes of Case Studies, Test Scores Summary, Testimonies, Multi Media Representation,
Display Product Displays, Exhibit, Technical Report
LEARNING CHECK:
1. Who among the stakeholders are the most important? Why?
2. Which among the models will you use if you are given the chance to evaluate a curriculum and why?
Supplementary Material/s:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B99FXVamqMM – Using Digital Tools to Transform the Classroom
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCi8rRfIw-8 – The Importance of Technology in the Classroom
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6CWsLR5SuyU - What is Technology and Its Advantages and Disadvantages
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=547X9PraJG0 – Content, Process and Product
KNOWLEDGE-BUILDING
SS
SS
A
CRITICAL THINKING
Assessment Task 2 Reflection Paper
In a short bond paper, divide it into 6 columns and identify each column with the 6
Instructions: stakeholders of curriculum implementation. Granted you are the school owner and
you got data from them on how they have been a part of the school curriculum. Write
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your answer legibly/clearly
Imagine yourself on situations that you are portraying the 6 roles. Create a list of task
Help Guide
that you accomplish in one school year
Your Rating/ Total Points
Basis for Rating:
/100
Grammar and Usage Organization of Thoughts
Grammar
No error in 6-10 errors in 11- 15 errors Write-up Write-up
Write-up and Usage
Questions to be grammar, grammar, in grammar, was very was very Organization of Thoughts is
somewhat is
answered spelling & spelling & spelling & informative poorly Multiplied by
informative Multiplied
punctuation punctuation punctuation (20 pts) organized
(15 pts) by
(20 pts) (15 pts) (10 pts) (10 pts)
Learner 2 5
Teacher 2 5
Parent 2 5
Community 2 5
Government Agencies
Other stakeholders
10 submitted + 8 2 days late + 6 3 days + 4 4 days + 2 5 days 0 after 5
Date of submission
on time late late late days
CREATING
Assessment Task 3 Evaluation of the Mode of Delivery
It has been a year we have been utilizing modules or the social media in the delivery
of our teaching - learning process. We have encountered problems, lapses and
Instructions:
maybe sort of successes. Create a Curriculum Evaluation using the Daniel
Stufflebeam’s CIPP Model as your guide.
Develop a curriculum evaluation design on the modality we are currently
Help Guide
experiencing
Rubric:
Stage What is expected for you to do?
Context Assess the needs and problems
Process Monitor the process and what modifications can you recommend?
Level
Component %age Multiplier
3 2 1
No error in grammar, spelling & 6-10 errors in grammar, spelling & 11- 15 errors in grammar, spelling
Grammar punctuation (20 pts) punctuation (15 pts) & punctuation 25% 35
(10 pts)
Handwriting/
(20 pts) (15 pts) (10 pts) 25% 35
Neatness of the Paper
Explanation on Context (20 pts) (15 pts) (10 pts)
SOURCES/REFERENCES
https://education.msu.edu/green-and-write/2015/the-role-of-technology-in-the-educational-process/ The Role of
Technology in the Educational Process, Joyce Waddell (2015) (Retrieved: March 16, 2021)
Simplypsychology https://www.simplypsychology.org/bruner.html Bruner - Learning Theory in Education
https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/education/john-deweys-view-on-education/69149 Dewey’s Educational
Theories and Aims of Education (Retrieved: March 17, 2021)
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7062/0994de93258ffab9824be8825bc4d23a376b.pdf Information
Communication Technology in Education by K. Ratheeswari (2018) (Retrieved: March 16, 2021)
https://www.edglossary.org/stakeholder/#:~:text=In%20education%2C%20the%20term%20stakeholder,as%20scho
ol%20board%20members%2C%20city Education Glossary
Bilbao, P. Dayagbil, F and Corpuz, B (2015). Curriculum Development for Teachers, Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Pawilen, Greg T. ( 2019) The Teacher and the School Curriculum (A Guide to Curriculum Development Practice)
Rex Bookstore
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