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Discuss and Sharing CSWIP 3.1 (Duties and Terminology

The document discusses welding terminology, inspection duties, and welding concepts. It covers: - The European standard for visual inspection of fusion welds. - Key duties of a welding inspector before, during, and after welding. - Important qualities of good welding inspectors like honesty and knowledge. - Joint types, welding positions, and weld preparations that affect root penetration. - Definitions of welding terminology like butt joints, fillet welds, and welding positions.

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untoro firdaus
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138 views

Discuss and Sharing CSWIP 3.1 (Duties and Terminology

The document discusses welding terminology, inspection duties, and welding concepts. It covers: - The European standard for visual inspection of fusion welds. - Key duties of a welding inspector before, during, and after welding. - Important qualities of good welding inspectors like honesty and knowledge. - Joint types, welding positions, and weld preparations that affect root penetration. - Definitions of welding terminology like butt joints, fillet welds, and welding positions.

Uploaded by

untoro firdaus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TERMINOLOGY

DUTIES OF WI & WELDING SYMBOLS


DEFINITIONS

INTRODUCTION TO
WELDING PROCESS WELDING DEFECT
WELDING PROCESS

WELD ABILITY HEAT TREATMENT DESTRUCTIVE TEST

NDT
QUESTION

BEFORE

DURING

WELDING INSPECTOR
AFTER
▪ MAIN RESPONSIBILITY
▪ Code Compliance
▪ Workmanship Control
▪ Documentation Control

▪ Issued PQR/WPS – WELDING ENGINEER


▪ Supervise Welder – WELDING SUPERVISOR

Important qualities that GOOD INSPECTORS are expected to have are:


▪ Honesty.
▪ Integrity.
▪ Knowledge.
▪ Good communicator.
▪ ISO 17637 (Non-Destructive Examination of Fusion Weld - Visual Examination)

▪ Minimum Illumination 350 Lux But Recommended 500 Lux


▪ Within 600mm Distance of The Surface Being Inspected and NOT Less Than 30°
Viewing Angle
▪ Have a Good Vision – In Accordance to EN 473 and Checked Every 12 Months
▪ Magnifying Lens (If Used) Should be X2 to X5
▪ Check Material
▪ Check WPS (Approved and Available to Welders)
▪ Check Welding Equipment
▪ Check Weld Preparation
▪ Check Welder Qualification
▪ Check Welding Consumables
▪ Check Joint Fit Up (Configuration and Dimensional)
▪ Check Weld Face (Free from Contaminations)
▪ Check Preheat (If Required) “Minimum Temp. in accordance with WPS”
▪ Ensure Weather Condition on Site/ Field Welding
▪ Check WPS
▪ Check Preheat (If Required) “Minimum Temp. in Accordance with WPS”
▪ Check Interpass Temperature “Maximum Temp. In Accordance with WPS”
▪ Check Welding Consumable
▪ Check Welding Parameter (Current, Volt, Travel Speed)
▪ Check Root Run (For Single Side Weld)
▪ Ensure Gouging and Grinding (As Per Approved Method and Procedure)
▪ Ensure Inter Run Cleaning
▪ Check Welder (Approved Welder)
▪ Check Weld Identification (Welder Id, Joint No., NDT Requirements)
▪ Check Weld Appearance (Profile, Cleanness)
▪ Check Dimensional Survey
▪ Review Drawing (Ensure Any Modification Include As Built Drawing)
▪ Ensure NDT (Ensure all Requirement NDT is Completed Include Report)
▪ Ensure Welding Repair
▪ Ensure PWHT (If Required)
▪ Ensure Pressure/Load Test (If Required)
▪ Ensure Documentation Record
1. The European Standard for NDE of fusion welds by visual examination is:
a EN 15614.
b EN 2560.
c EN 287.
d EN 17637.
2. Visual inspection of a fabricated item for a high integrity application should cover
inspection activities:
a Before, during and after welding.
b Before welding only.
c After welding only.
d During and after welding only.
3. A Code of Practice is a:
a Standard of workmanship quality only.
b Set of rules for manufacturing a specific product.
c Specification for the finished product.
d Code for the qualification of welding procedures and welders qualifications.
4. If a Welding Inspector detects a type of imperfection not allowed by the
application Standard he must:
a Request further NDE.
b Reject the weld.
c Prepare a concession request.
d Reject the weld if he considers it to be harmful.
5. BS EN 17637 allows the use of a magnifying glass for visual inspection, but
recommends that the magnification is:
a x2.
b x2 to x5.
c x5 to x10.
d Not greater than x20.
QUESTION

TYPE

DEFINITON
PREPARATION

WELD

PENETRATION POSITION

RUN (PASS)
▪ JOINT
▪ A connection where the individual components, suitably prepared and assembled,
are joined by welding or brazing.

▪ BRAZING
▪ A process of joining generally applied to metals in which, during or after heating,
molten filler metal is drawn into or retained in the space between closely adjacent
surfaces of the parts to be joined by capillary attraction.

▪ WELDING
▪ An operation in which two or more parts are united by means of heat, pressure or
both, in such a way that there is continuity in the nature of the metal between these
parts.
BUTT JOINT T JOINT CORNER JOINT

EDGE JOINT CRUCIFORM JOINT LAP JOINT


▪ AUTOGENOUS WELD
▪ A fusion weld made without filler metal by TIG, plasma, electron beam, laser or
oxy-fuel gas welding.

▪ HOMOGENEOUS WELD
▪ Welded joint in which the weld metal and parent material have no significant
differences in mechanical properties and/or chemical composition. Example: Two
carbon steel plates welded with a matching carbon steel electrode.

▪ HETEROGENOUS WELD
▪ Welded joint in which the weld metal and parent material have significant
differences in mechanical properties and/or chemical composition.
Example: A repair weld of a cast iron item performed with a nickel-based
electrode.
▪ DISSIMILIAR / TRANSITION WELD
▪ Welded joint in which the parent materials have significant differences in
mechanical properties and/or chemical composition.
Example: A carbon steel lifting lug welded onto an austenitic stainless steel
pressure vessel.
BUTT WELD FILLET WELD

SLOT WELD PLUG WELD


COMPOUND WELD
Configuration of Butt Weld
Single Side Weld Double Side Weld
a = Design Throat Thickness
z = Leg Length

a = 0.707 x z
or
z = 1.41 x a

design throat size must always


be taken as the stress
parameters in design
calculations.
The throat thickness is
symbolised with s instead of a
Mitre Fillet Weld
Convex Fillet Weld
Concave Fillet Weld
Assymetrical Fillet Weld
Convex Fillet Weld

Concave Fillet Weld

▪ A concave fillet weld gives a smooth blend profile and a low stress concentration at
the fillet weld toe.
▪ Convex fillet welds can have a higher stress concentration at the weld toe.
▪ Having a smooth toe blend is important to give better fatigue performance for fillet
welds.
Square Preparation

for thinner plate up to 3mm thickness


V preparations are
usually used for
plate of 3-20mm If the included angle
thickness. is too large then heavy
distortions can result
and more filler metal
If the root gap is is required.
too wide or root
face too narrow
there is a risk of
burn through.
Single V Preparation
If the included angle
If the root gap is is too small there is a
too narrow or root risk of lack of
face is too deep penetration or lack of
there is a risk of sidewall fusion.
lack of root
penetration. Double V Preparation
U preparations are
usually used for plate
>20mm thickness.

It uses less filler


metal than a V
Single U Preparation
preparation joint

U preparations can
be produced only by
machining (slow and
expensive)

Double U Preparation
Single Bevel Preparation

Double Bevel Preparation


Single J Preparation

Double J Preparation
To reduce distortions on stainless steels welds, reduce
included angle and increase root face.

To avoid lack of side wall fusion problems aluminium


require larger included angles than steel.
FULL PENETRATION PARTIAL PENETRATION
Single Pass Multi Pass
For detail information see module
CSWIP WIS 5 Table 2.2 “Welding
position, sketches and definition”.
1. A fabrication procedure calls for the toes of all welds to be blended in by
grinding. The reason for doing this is to:
a Make the welds suitable for liquid (dye) penetrant inspection.
b Improve the fatigue life.
c Reduce residual stresses.
d Improve the general appearance of the welds.
2. For full penetration single-sided butt joints, root bead penetration and profile are
mainly influenced by:
a Root face.
b Bevel angle.
c Root gap.
d Included angle.
3. The strength of a fillet weld is determined by:
a Leg length.
b Weld profile.
c Weld width.
d Throat thickness.
4. For fillet welds it is normal practice in the UK and USA to measure:
a Throat thickness.
b Leg lengths.
c Penetration depths.
d Both a and c.
5. Which of the following fillet welds is the strongest assuming they are all made
using the same material and welded using the same WPS?
a 8mm throat of a mitre fillet.
b 7mm leg + 2mm excess weld metal.
c Mitre fillet with 10mm leg.
d Concave fillet with 11mm leg.

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