Unit 4: LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

WORD FAMILIES
VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB MEANING
1. examine exam examinable examinably Kiểm tra
examination
examiner
examinee
2. agree agreement agreeable agreeably Đồng ý
3. disagree disagreement disagreeable disagreebly Không đồng ý
4. attend attendance attentive attentively Tham dự
5. repute reputation reputable reputably Danh tiếng
6. excel excellence excellent excellently Giỏi
7. experience experience experienced experiencedly Kinh nghiệm
inexperience inexperienced inexperiencedly
8. west western west Hướng tây
9. improve improvement improved improvably Cải thiện
10. advertise advertisement advertised advertisedly Quảng cáo
advertiser
advertising
11. edit edition editorial editorially Chỉnh sửa
editor
12. inquire inquiry inquired inquiringly Yêu cầu
13. scholar scholastic scholastically Bác học
scholarship
14. avail availability available availably Có sẵn
15. inform information informative informatively Thông tin
16. qualify qualification qualified qualifiedly Đạt yêu cầu
17. foreigner foreign Ngoại quốc
18. persuade persuasion persuasive Persuasively Thuyết phục
19. culture cultural culturally Văn hóa
20. approximation approximate approximately Xấp xit
21. speak speaker spoken Nói
speech

A/ Word forms
1. What aspect of learning do you find most …………difficult………… (difficulty)
2. He is a young teacher, but he is very …………experienced………… (experience)
3. Her listening and speaking are …………excellent………… (excellence)
4. Peter worked …………hard………… and passed the exam. (hardly)
5. Could you please …………inform………… us about the courses and fees? (information)
6. The school is noted for its academic …………excellence………… (excel)
7. He will pass the examination if there is an …………improvement………… in his class
work. (improve)
8. The university has an international …………reputation………… as a center of excellence.
(repute)
9. We will take an …………exam………… at the end of the year. (examine)
10. He takes ……pride……… in being students of one of the most famous schools in this
city. (proud)
11. Our school has a lot of …………qualified………… teachers. (qualify)
12. The …………examiner…………looked so serious that she forgot all that she had
revised. (examine)
13. Oxford is a university with an excellent …………reputation………… in England. (repute)
14. My sister works for a …………national………… bank in HCM City. (nation)
15. I watch news on TV every day because it is very …………informative………… (inform)
16. He can complete a …………speaking………… Vietnamese test if necessary. (speak)
17. This shirt costs …………approximately…………100,000 VND. (approximate)
18. They enjoy talking to …………foreigners………… in English. (foreign)
19. We need further …………information………… about the course. (inform)
20. Since the …………attendant………… was poor, they had to cancel the course. (attend)
21. They are ……………………-qualified teachers. (good)
22. The question was so hard that the ……………………couldn’t answer it. (examine)
23. The ……………………exam is on Sunday morning. (write)
24. He’ll get angry if you ……………………with his idea. (agreement)
25. He’s had treatment for two months now without any …………………… (improve)
26. Young kids often like to watch ……………………while they are having meals. (advertise)
27. You can receive a lot of ……………………by using Google. (inform)
28. I’m afraid you don’t have the necessary ……………………for the job. (qualify)
29. The second ……………………of the book adds a more detailed appendix. (edit)
30. My cousin was awarded a ……………………of US$2,000 to attend an English language
summer course abroad. (scholar)

B/ GRAMMAR - IF CLAUSE (type 1)

Điều kiện loại 1 là điều kiện có thật ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

IF S + V (simple present) , S + will / can + V

Eg 1: My father will give me some money tomorrow.
-> If my father gives me some money, I will buy some books.
Eg 2: Study harder and you will pass the next exam.
-> If you study harder, you will pass the next exam.
Eg 3: Be careful or you will have an accident.
-> If you are not careful, you will have an accident

I/ Supply a correct form of verbs. Use these modals in main clauses: can, could, may,
might, should, ought to, must, …
1. If you …………… to see clearly, you …………… your glasses. (want / wear)
2. If you …………… the lesson, I …………… you with your homework. (not understand /
help)
3. If Jane …………… still ill tomorrow, she …………… at home (be / stay)
4. Mark …………… early if he …………… to get to Montevideo on time. (leave / want)
5. If he …………… coming tonight, he …………… next week. (not be / come)
6. If the wind …………… strong enough, we …………… sailing, b ut I am not sure. (be / go)
7. You …………… your baby to the doctor’s if his temperature …………… up again. (take /
go)
8. If you …………… work early, you …………… for a drink with us. (finish / come)
9. If Jack …………… a video recorder, he …………… any programme he wants. (have /
record)
II/ IF CLAUSES
1. He gets terrible marks so he must study harder.
-> If he wants …………………………………………………………………………………
2. You have to study very well so that you can go to university.
-> If you want …………………………………………………………………………………
3. Practise speaking English every day or you can’t improve your English.
-> If ……………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Give back my money you took or I will call the police.
-> If ……………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Keep silent or you have to go out.
-> If ……………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Unless he is so weak, he can walk by himself
-> If he isn’t weak, he can walk by himself.
7. I am sorry I can’t finish my lesson tonight.
-> If only I could finish my lesson tonight.
8. She can’t go to Vung Tau with me because she is very busy.
-> If she weren’t busy, she could go to Vung Tau with me.
9. The child will die if nobody sends for a doctor. (unless)
-> Unless somebody sends the child for a doctor, the child will die.
10. Be careful or you are punished.
-> If you aren’t careful, you will be punished.
11. He phones her immediately or he won’t get any information.
-> If he doesn’t phone her immediately, he won’t get any information
12. Don’t make any more mistakes or you get bad marks.
-> If you make any more mistakes, you’ll get bad marks.
13. You can’t withdraw any money unless you show me your identify card.
-> If you don’t show me your identify card, you can’t withdraw any money.
14. You must speak slowly or he will be able to misunderstand you. (Unless and if)
-> If you don’t speak slowly, he will be able to misunderstand you.
-> Unless you speak slowly, he will be able to misunderstand you.
15. He doesn’t want to be fat, so he must take exercise.
-> If he doesn’t want to be fat, he must take exercise.
-> Unless he wants to be fat, he must take exercise.
16. Leave now or you miss the train.
-> If you don’t leave now, you’ll miss the train.
-> Unless you leave now, you’ll miss the train.
17. Wear your coat or you will be cold
-> If you don’t wear your coat, you’ll be cold.
-> Unless you wear your coat, you’ll be cold.

REPORTED SPEECH
Muốn đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp phải chú ý đến :

1. Các đại từ cần phải thay đổi cho phù hợp

Subject I He She It We You They

Object me him her it us you them
Possessive my his her its our your their

2. Thì động từ và trạng từ

Present -> Past -> Past Perfect
Note: Nếu động từ giới thiệu ở thì hiện tại (say, tell, ask, …) ta không đổi thì động từ trong mệnh
đề tường thuật, chỉ đổi các đại từ cho phù hợp
Nếu động từ tường thuật ở quá khứ (said, told, asked, …)  ta đổi :
 đổi các đại từ cho phù hợp
 đổi thì động từ trong mệnh đề tường thuật.
 đổi các trạng từ chỉ vị trí, thời gian, nơi chốn, …
this –> that yesterday –> the day before, tomorrow –> the following day
these –> those the previous day ,
tonight –> that night last ……… –> the ……… the next day
now –> then before next …… –> the following
here –> there …… ago –> the ……before ……

Quy tắc đổi thì:

 

Direct speech Reported speech

a. Simple present : S + V (s / es) a. Past simple : S + V2 / V-ed
b. Present continuous: S + am / is /are + V-ing b. Past continuous: S + was/were + V-ing
c. Past simple : S + V2 / V-ed c. Past perfect : S + had + V3 / V-ed
d. Past continuous: S + was / were + V-ing d. Past perfect continuous : S + had been + V-ing
e. Present perfect: S + have / has + V3/V-ed e. Past perfect : S + had + V3 / V-ed
f. Pr. Perf. continuous: S + have / has been + f. Past perfect continuous : S + had been + V-ing
V-ing
g. Must / have to g. Had to
h. Can / May / Will / Shall h. Could / Might / Would / Should

 A. STATEMENTS (Câu nói thường)

Ex 1: “ She is going to America for six months”
 They say ( that) she is going to America for six months
Ex 2: “ I went home early”  She told me she had gone home early

B. IMPERATIVE (Mệnh lệnh) V -> to V

Don’t V -> not to V
1. Affirmative (khẳng định)
Ex : “ Stay in bed for a few days.” The doctor said to me
 The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days
2. Negative (Phủ định)
Ex : “ Don’t wait,” he said to me
 He asked me not to wait
Ex : “ Never do that again ,” she said to her son
 She told her son never to do that
C. QUESTIONS (Câu hỏi)
1. WH – QUESTIONS :
Câu hỏi có từ hỏi (what, where, how, …) -> sử dụng lại từ hỏi (what, where, how, …)
Ex: He asked , “ What have you got in your bag ?”
 He asked (me) what I had got in my bag
Ex: He said , “ Mary , when is the next train ? “
 He asked Mary when the next train was
2. YES / NO questions Câu hỏi không có từ hỏi -> sử dụng if hoặc whether
Ex: She said , “ Areyou thirsty , Peter ? “.
 She asked Peter if(whether)hewas thirsty.
Ex: He asked me, “Didyougo to school yesterday ?“
 He asked me if (whether)Ihad gone to school the day before
EXERCISES
I. Reported speech – Statements
1. “I have to go to the school library now,” John said.
-> John said he had to go to school library then.
2. “I’ll see you tomorrow morning, Lan.” said Ba.
-> Ba told Lan that he would see her the next morning.
3. He said, “I’ll lend you my book, Alice”.
-> He told Alice that he would lend her his book.
4. “It’s going to rain tonight.”
-> Lan’s mother said it was going to rain that night.
5. Paola said, “I must go now.”
-> Paola said she had to go then.
6. “We offer classes for beginners and intermediate learners,” they said.
-> They offered classes for beginners and intermediate learners.
7. Mai said, ”He is a well-qualified teacher.”
-> Mai said he was a well-qualified teacher.
8. “They teach advanced learners in this language school,” said Nam.
-> Nam said the taught advanced learners in that language school.
9. “I’m going to visit my aunt next week,” Tom said to Daisy.
-> Tom said to Daisy he was going to visit his aunt the next week.
10. “I can’t hear you very well,” she said.
-> She said she couldn’t hear me very well.
11. “All of you have to hand in your papers now,” the teacher said to the students.
-> The teacher said to the students all of them had to hand in your papers then.
12. “The Parkers will visit Vietnam next summer,” Van said to me.
-> Van said to me The Parkers would visit Vietnam the next summer.
13. Mrs. Linda said, “ I must stay at home today to help you decorate your room, my son.”
-> Mrs. Linda said he had to stay at home that day to help me decorate my room.
14. “I have a wonderful time in Ha Noi with you.” She said to me.
-> She said to me she had a wonderful time in Ha Noi with me.
15. “I will teach you French tomorrow,” Tom said to Mary.
Tom said to Mary he would teach her French the next day.
16. “I’m studying Japanese for my job,” Peter said.
Peter said he was studying Japanese for my job.
17. ”The farmers like to wear jeans to work here,” Jack said.
Jack said the farmers liked to wear jeans to work there.
18. ”I will work for a national bank tomorrow,” Mrs. Nga said.
Mrs. Nga said she would work for a national bank the next day.
19. “We are happy to see you,” the students said to Mrs. White.
The students said to Mrs. White they were happy to see them.
20. “I’ll see you tomorrow morning, Helen,” said Tom.
Tom said he would see Helen the next morning.

II/ Reported speech – Command

1. He said :”Come and work for your company next week, Sally.”
2. She said to her children:” Take a bus to your school today.”
3. I said to her:” Don’t tell my address to your friend tomorrow.”
4. Tom said :” Give me your book.”
5. “Give these books to the girls and boys in your class?” Tom said.
6. “Go to school with me tomorrow, Mary” Tom said.
7. He asked:” Buy a newspaper for me in this shop, Jane?”
8. They asked me :” Stay with our children.”
9. “ Don’t put your feet on my table, Tom” she said.
10. “Don’t turn on the light when you go to bed, Anna.” said Tony
11. “Don’t tell my parents about my bad mark, Peter” said Linda
12. “Learn English harder, Tom and Linda.” said I
13. “Ask your mother about this when she comes back ” he said to me
14. “Don’t eat hungrily like this, boys” said their mother.
III/ Reported speech – Yes-No questions and WH-question
1. ”Do you want me to help you?”
-> She asked me …………………………………………………………………………………
2. “Will you be free tomorrow, Paola?” said Mai.
-> Mai ……………………………………………………………………………………..…………
3. “Does your brother live in London, Nam?” Lan asked.
-> Lan ………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. “Do you know that I’m suffering from the noise you are making?” said the old man.
-> The old man asked the boy ……………………………………………………………………
5. “May I sit here in this room?”
-> She asked me ……………………………………………………………………………………
6. ”Can you use a computer well?”
-> I asked him ………………………………………………………………………………………
7. ”Are you listening to English music now?”
-> I asked my sister
…………………………………………………………………………………
8. “Do you enjoy your Vietnamese class?”
-> I asked Peter ……………………………………………………………………………………
9. “Have you hurt yourself?” He asked his sister.
-> He ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
…
10. Jane said,” When will the new bridge be built, Tom?”
-> Jane ……………………………………………………………………………………………
11. “Why don’t you come to class today, Nam?”
-> She asked ………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Hung asked, “With whom will you go to the cinema tonight, Huong?
-> Hung ……………………………………………………………………………………………
13. “Which of these is your favorite activity in your free time?”
-> His mother asked ………………………………………………………………………………
14. “How much does this dictionary cost?”
-> I asked the assistant
……………………………………………………………………………
15. “Why were you so late for the party last night?” he said to his friends.
-> He asked ………………………………………………………………………………
16. “What are you going to buy for your sister on her birthday this time, David?” said Ann.
-> Ann asked ………………………………………………………………………………
17 . “What are you doing now?”
-> She asked me ………………………………………………………………………………
UNIT 4 LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
PRACTICE 1
PRONUNCIATION
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that
of the others

1. A. advance B. advertise C. attend D. amount

2. A. aspect B. edition C. experience D. examine
3. A. campus B. until C. supply D. publish
4. A. polite B. candidate C. deposit D. persuasive
5. A. amount B. found C. course D. council

II. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is different from that of the
others

1. A. edition B. linguistics C. persuasive D. scenery

2. A. dormitory B. institution C. intermediate D. reputation
3. A. comprise B. equal C. picnic D. poet
4. A. puppet B. novel C. language D. until
5. A. information B. inspiration C. logically D. separation

USE OF ENGLISH
I. Choose the word / phrase that best fits the space in each sentence.
1. If you study at the Brighton language center – UK, you can live in a ……………on
campus.
(hotel, mobile room, private room, dormitory)
2. Are there places …………… in the intermediate classes? (available, rest, left, still)
3. Hai decided to …………… all her work at the end of every week. ( study, do, tell, revise )
4. Tam’s parents were very pleased when they read his school …… (letter, papers, report,
diploma)
5. My teacher said we needed to learn that poem …………… heart. (in, by, on, with)
6. This year the only award for the …………… student belongs to him. (better, best, good,
well)
7. We have rooms for 2,000 students …………… campus. (in, on, at, among)
8. If you want to attend the course, you … pass the written examination.(has to, have to, had
to, could)
9. She …………… me whether I liked classical music or not. (ask, asks, asked, asking)
10. What subjects are you good …………… in the 9th form ? (at, in, about, on)
11. Students who complete the training successfully will …………… a diploma. (award, be
awarded, be award, be awarding)
12. My favorite …………… at school is maths. (topic, subject, class, teacher)
13. An exchange student needs to be …………… enough to live away from their family for a
year. (intelligent, independent, popular, communicative)
14. What ……… of learning English do you find the most interesting? (sides, aspects, fields,
angles)
15. What did she say ……………the end? (at, in, to, by)
16. He told me he ………leave the city the following day.(has to, had to, would have to, will
have to)

II. Use the correct form of the word given in each sentence.
1. I …………… with you on spending so much money on the project. It’s a waste of money.
(agree)
2. Well- …………… teaching staff is one of the attractions of that language school. (qualify)
3. This job sounds interesting. I think I’d better write a letter of …………… for more details.
(inquire)
4. The book is small, but it is …………… (inform)
5. I’d like some …………… about your school, please. (inform)
6. Look at the …………… and choose a suitable language school for you. (advertise)
7. I want to …………… an English language summer course abroad. (attendance)
8. This school has excellent …………… (repute)
9. We often take part in ……………activities. (culture)
10. If you want to ……………your English, we can help you. (improvement)
III. Use the correct tense or form of the verb given in each sentence
1. If you ……………to attend the course, you must pass the written examination. (want)
2. People have the chance ……………between the green paddy fields. (travel)
3. We will wait until you ………………your work. (finish)
4. Everyone felt tired, so they ……………down under the tree and …………… a snack. (sit -
have)
5. In the afternoon, they went ……………in the river and had a picnic on the river bank
before
……………home late in the evening. (boat – go)
6. I wish I ……………your home village again someday. (visit)
7. Rice ……………in tropical countries. (grow)
8. Many people like ……………there for their weekends. (go)
9. She took a lot of photographs ……………the trip to their parents. (show)
10. How long ……………it ……………to get there? (take)

IV. Choose the word / phrase (a, b, c or d) that best fits the space in the following
passage.
Millions of people (1) ……… the world want to learn English. Many of them go to the USA
and other English (2) ……… countries to study at language schools, especially (3) ………
summer. There are thousands of different schools. They offer courses (4) ……… children,
teenagers and adults.
If you go to a language school, you should try (5) ……… English as much as possible.
Students can stay with a local family. This is a good opportunity (6) ……… your English and
to learn a lot about everyday life. You should try to talk to students from other countries. This
will help you to improve your English (7) ……… it will also show how important English is for
international (8) ………
1. A. at B. around C. on D. to
2. A. speak B. spoke C. speaking D. spoken
3. A. at B. on C. for D. in
4. A. to B. with C. between D. for
5. A. to speak B. speak C. spoke D. speaking
6. A. to improve B. improved C. improving D. improve
7. A. but B. so C. and D. therefore
8. A. communicator B. communication C. communicative D. communicate

V. Read the advertisement and answer with True (T) / False (F) / not given (NG)

G/F, 149 Pasteur Street

Study English, Germany, and Japanese
in the morning and evening.
Places available in
Beginner / intermediate classes.
Courses start November 3
Please call 08.8.113.114 for further
Information

1. The school is on the ground floor.

2. They teach English, German, and Japanese here.
3. If you don’t know any English word, you cannot study here.
4. You can begin to study from November 3.
5. There are classes available from 1:00 P.M to 4:00 P.M.
6. If you want to get information, you can phone 08.8.113.114.

VI. Choose the underlined word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that needs correcting.
1. They asked him not give that new information to anyone else.
A B C D
2. Do you know what was she doing at this time yesterday?
A B C D
3. Listening is my the biggest problem and everyone seems to talk very quickly.
A B C D
4. They listened to their teacher carefully, as they understand the lesson easily.
A B C D
5. My daughter wishes she were taller and that her hair will be blond and curly
A B C D
6. They reached in Hanoi at 5.30 in the morning.
A B C D
7. I think that all students from primary to high schools should wear on uniforms.
A B C D
8. How long have you read that book? – For two o’clock.
A B C D

9. We are good friends. We have known each other when I was a student.
A B C D
10. First of all, she asked me where I came from and how old was I.
A B C D
VII. Rewrite each of the following sentences in another way so that it means almost
the same as the sentence printed before it.
1. They said, “We’ve lived here for a long time.”
They said ……………………………………………………………………………………
2. He said,” I really like this furniture.”
He said ………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Mai said,” He is a well-qualified teacher.”
Mai …………………………………………………………………………………………
4. “They teach advanced learners in this language school,” said Nam.
Nam …………………………………………………………………………………………
5. “My parents are arriving tomorrow,” Lan said.
Lan said ………………………………………………………………………………………
6.Minh asked me:” Are you coming with me?”
Minh asked me ………………………………………………………………………………
7. “Where will you spend your vacation this summer, Peter?” said Mary.
Mary …………………………………………………………………………………………
8. “Who teaches you English this academic year?” said Lan to Mai.
Lan …………………………………………………………………………………………
9. With hard work, he can improve his pronunciation quickly.
If ……………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Practice speaking English and you can improve your English.
If …………………………………………………………………………………………….

VIII. Write sentences with the cues given to make meaningful sentences:
1. oral / He / examination/ failed / his /, / so / he / take / it / has / to / again.
-> ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. After / graduation, a / do / he / was / sholarship / to / research / awarded /.
-> ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

UNIT 4: LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

PRACTICE 2
PRONUNCIATION
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that
of the others

1. A. campus B. candidate C. award D. examine

2. A. exercise B. persuade C. detail D. intermediate
3. A. dormitory B. edition C. examine D. terrible
4. A. order B. scholarship C. oral D. foreign
5. A. scenery B. advance C. grocery D. notice

II. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is different from that of the
others

1. A. advance B. amount C. campus D. attend

2. A. describe B. foreign C. study D. order
3. A. persuade B. polite C. publish D. supply
4. A. until B. begin C. oral D. award
5. A. advertise B. deposit C. candidate D. institute

USE OF ENGLISH
I. Choose the word / phrase that best fits the space in each sentence.
1. Working hard helps us get good ……………at school. (places, grades, points, stands)
2. The place for students to live instead of going home every days is called ……………
(campus, dormitory, school ground, institute)
3. ……………aspects of learning English do you find the most difficult? (Where, Why, What,
When)
4. We have many well- ……………teachers here. (quality, qualify, qualified, qualification)
5. This shirt costs …… 88,000VND. (approximate, approximation, approximately,
approximative)
6. I can complete a ……………English test if you want. (speaking, spoken, speak, spoke)
7. I saw your school’s advertisement ……………today’s edition of the Vietnam News. (in, on,
at, of)
8. She said that she ……………learning English with you. (liked, like, liking, to like)
9. My teacher said we needed to learn this poem ……………heart. (in, on, by, with)
10. We are looking forward ……………hearing from you. (at, from. to, of)
11. If you want to …………… your speaking, you should speak English with friends.
(pass, describe, express, improve).
12. They offer afternoon and evening classes for those new ……………English. (to, in, at,
with)
13. Students will ……………a two-hour examination at the end of the year.(take, make, do,
come)
14. Don’t worry, Mom. I am ……………a good time here. (being, doing, making, having)
15. The police officer stopped us and asked us where …………… (were you going, are
you going, we are going, we were going)

II. Use the correct form of the word given in each sentence.
1. English spelling presents special ……………for foreign learners. (difficult)
2. If you want to attend the course, you must pass the ……………examination. (writing)
3. Let me introduce you a ……………university. I think it’s really reliable. (repute)
4. Learning a foreign language also includes learning the ……………of that country.
(cultural)
5. Since they are not used to ……………culture, some students from Asian countries don’t
feel quite at ease at first. (West)
6. Since the ……………was poor, they had to cancel the course. (attend)
7. We should practice speaking English with native …………… (speak)
8. My sister will work for a ……………bank in Ha Noi next month. (nation)
9. Many adults learn English because it is ……………for their work. (use)
10. The ……………asked me why I was learning English. (exam)

III. Use the correct tense or form of the verb given in each sentence
1. Since he ……………, he …………… a lot about life on a farm. (arrive – learn)
3. Van likes the Parkers and he enjoys …………… a member of their family. (be)
4. She put down the blanket and …………… out the food. (lay)
5. If we ……………the train, we can take the next one. (miss)
6. The material, ……………jean, was named after sailors from Genoa in Italy. (call)
7. It is necessary for secondary school students ……… uniforms when they are at school.
(wear)
8. How long ……………you …………… English? (learn)
9. We spent half an hour …………… to reach the waterfall. (walk)
10. He …………… them since 2003. (not see)

IV. Read the passage, then decide if the statements that follow it are TRUE or FALSE
Like other languages, English is always changing, but it changes very slowly. People invent
new words, borrow words from other languages and change the meaning of words as
needed. For example, the English word “byte” was invented by computer specialists in 1959.
The word “tomato” was borrowed from Nahuati, an American Indian language spoken in
Mexico. The word “meat” once referred to food in general. People learn English as well as
languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most school
children learn their first language easily and sometimes other languages as well.
1. English is changing very quickly.
2. Some English words are borrowed from other languages.
3. Some English words are invented by computers.
4. “Meat” means food in general. It used to but not now
5. One of the ways to learn English is copying what you hear.
6. It is not easy for children to learn their first language.

V. Choose the word / phrase (a, b, c or d) that best fits the space in the following
passage.
Every year, students in many (1) …… learn English. (2) ……… of these students are young
children. Others are teenagers. Many are adults. Some learn at school, others study (3)
…………… themselves. A few learn English just by (4) …… the language in films (5) ………
television, in the office or among their friends. But not many are lucky enough to do that.
Most people must work (6) …………… to learn another language.
Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects. They study
their own language, and mathematics …………… and English. In England, America, or
Australia, many boys and girls study their own language, which (7) …………… English, and
mathematics …. and another language, perhaps French, or German or Spanish.
Many adults learn English, because it is (8) … for their work. Teenagers often learn English
(9) … their higher studies, because some of their books are in English at the college or
university. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines
(10) … English.
1. A. countries B. homes C. house D. families
2. A. None B. Some C. Any D. All
3. A. for B. with C. by D. on
4. A. hear B. heard C. to hear D. hearing
5. A. on B. at C. in D. to
6. A. hardly B. hard C. easy D. easily
7. A. are B. is C. was D. were
8. A. use B. used C. useful D. useless
9. A. for B. with C. to D. of
10. A. for B. with C. of D. in

VI. Choose the underlined word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that needs correcting.
1. The fruit was so rotten that it had to throw away.
A B C D
2. The children are used to be picked up after school every day.
A B C D
3. She is particularly fond of cook, and she often cooks really delicious meals.
A B C D
4. Nghi and Quyen would take part in the English speaking club tomorrow.
A B C D
5. When he was younger, he used to go to bed in midnight.
A B C D
6. Lan asked Mai that she would come to the meeting the following day.
A B C D
7. The first courses were offered in 1 January 2007.
A B C D
8. Gerry called yesterday and said he needed the report right now.
A B C D
VII. Rewrite each the sentences in another way so that it means almost the same as
the sentence printed before it.
1. Tom said,” I want to visit my friends this weekend.”
-> Tom said …………………………………………………………………………………………
2. He said, “We’re planting a small bamboo forest at the entrance to the village now,
mother.”
-> He said …………………………………………………………………………………………
3. ”I will stay here till the beginning of October,” Van said.
-> Van said …………………………………………………………………………………………
4. “ Are you enjoying the language class, Nam?”
-> Hoa asked ………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Mark asked me,” Why do you want to study Russian?”
-> Mark ……………………………………………………………………………………………
6. “Do you have Mary’s telephone number, Lan? Peter asked Lan.
-> Peter ……………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Minh said to me, “Why don’t you come to class today?”
-> Minh ……………………………………………………………………………………………
8. “What do I have to do in this situation?” said the lady to the policeman.
-> The lady …………………………………………………………………………………………
9. With luck, he may pass the entrance examination.
-> If …………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Stop talking in class, or you can’t understand the lesson.
-> If …………………………………………………………………………………………………
VIII. Write sentences with the cues given to make meaningful sentences:
1. could / mind / persuade / Nobody /to / change / her/ her.
-> ………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. You / take / exam / intermediate / or / at / the / advanced / can / level.
-> ………………………………………………………………………………………………….