• Topics Meet an entrepreneur; A nation's entrepreneurial vision ;

Innovation; Start-ups; Brand 'you' ; Teenage business men and women

• Use of English Simple future and present perfect passive;
complex declarative sentences

Lessons 1-2 Meet an entrepreneur

• Do you know anyone who has their own business? What do they do?
• Would you like to have your own business?

listening
1 What do you think makes a good entrepreneur? Vocabulary
Put these things in order of importance an entrepreneur (noun): someone
(1 = most important and 7 = least important). who starts their own business,
Then compare your opinions with a partner. especially with some risk involved
D how confident they are entrepreneurship (noun): skill in
starting new businesses, especially
D their business experience with the ability to see new
D their determination opportunities
D their ability to take risks entrepreneurial (adjective): used to
describe someone who makes money
D their passion by starting their own business,
D their creativity and in novation especially when this involves seeing a
new opportunity and taking risks
D family background
2 You are going to listen to two people talking about entrepreneurship and what makes a
successful entrepreneur. Before you listen, match options a-d with 1-4.
a If someone is a good businessperson, 1 it is likely that you will have an
b If a lot of people in your family are entrepreneurial gene.
entrepreneurs, 2 you can become a better entrepreneur.
C If your first business idea fails, 3 you are never going to be a successful
d If you work hard at developing your entrepreneur.
entrepreneurial skills, 4 he/she has the same skills needed to be a
successful entrepreneur.
•• •••• •••• •••• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

3 1 Listen to the discussion between two p eople Listening strategy

I
talking about entrepren eurship and w h at m akes a When you are going to listen
s uccessful entrepren eur. Which statem ent (a, b, c or d ) to an in-depth discussion,
d o b oth sp eakers agree on? it is important to establish
r what you are listening for
4 Now look at the tran script and highlight the p arts before you start to listen.
w here the ideas in sta tem ents a, b, c or d are m entione d. This will help you to pick out
Did yo u ch oose the right answer? the details and information
you need.
5 Find an d underline these phrasal verbs in the tran script.
Look carefully at h ow they ar e used, then use them to
complete the sentences below.

give up come up with figure out take on set up

a It didn't take m e long to an idea for my project.

b This is so frustrating! I really wan t to , but I'll keep trying.
C When I'm older, I plan to my own business.
d This maths question is so hard, I really can't it _ _ _ __
e I will a lot more responsibilities and extra work if I accept that promotion .

Speaking Speaking tip

6 Read the extracts below. To wh at extent d o you agree When you are exchang ing ideas
or d isagree with them? with another person, remem ber
to listen and respond to what
'There is no difference between an entrepreneur and a
they are saying. A d iscussion
businessperson.'
is not just a repetition of yo ur
'Successful entrepreneurs are born with an own ideas, but an opportunity
entrepreneurial spirit and natural ability.' to listen to and analyse the
Make notes of your ideas if yo u wish. opinions of others - even if
you disag ree. Remember to
7 In p airs, d iscuss yo ur op inions and ideas . Do yo u agree? show you are listening and as k
appropriate questions.
Lessons 1-2 Meet an entrepreneur
1 Find the words and expressions (a-g) in the passage. Use the context to match them with
their meanings (1-7).
a went for it 1 not do something quickly because you are nervous
b make his mark 2 an advantage or benefit for all people in society or a group
C legacy 3 something that is left behind as a part of history
d build on 4 to become more and more rare and then disappear completely
e died out 5 to do something that is important and meaningful or makes you
f hesitant famous or successful
9 a common good 6 to start with something and add to it or extend it
7 to try to have or achieve something

2 Look at the headline of the newspaper article. What do yo u think the text will be about?

Meet the Emirati entrepreneur who turned his hobby into a

fashion-related business
Driven by passion and a vision, an "We rlidn't know where to start," the Dubai-
Emirati entrepreneur is well on the way to based Kazim admits. "We wanted to leave
contributing to his culture's fashion footprint a good legacy in our community, but were
in the UAE. Mohammed Kazim saw a market clueless about how to move forward."
for his idea and went for it. Kazim and his team decided to build on the
Kazim, 32, wanted to make his mark in zbairiya - a traditional men's sandal worn
the region, so he decided to resign from his by people in the Gee. They went through
government job to follow his dreams. historical photographs of the Old Souq in
"I quit my job with another colleague," he Dubai and the types of footwear people wore
explains. Not long after, along with Muneera in the past.
Al Tamimi, Ali AI Youha and Amine Mamlouk, "We wondered why such footwear died out
he began brainstorming ideas fo r a project to in this part of the world," he says, adding
focus on. After some thought, they concluded that the answer was simply that it wasn't
that their project should include three main comfortable to wear.
social goals: to preserve identity, represent the Today, people look for style and comfort,
Emirati culture and colour people's lives. something missing from the zbairiyas

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•• •••• •••••• ••• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

of years gone by. So they began their provicling background information about the
reinvention of the traditional footwear, materials used.
adding colours and comfort with a "We work directly with universities in the
21st-century twist, eventually launching Gee to find artists and give exposure to
their sandal brand, Tamashee. them," Kazim says. Last year in Saudi Arabia,
The journey was not easy. They were met with for example, his team found some talented
many challenges, from the detail and logistics artists, but their families were h esitant about
involved in creating their own brand through their daughters working with Tamashee.
to finding the right manufacturer. However, "We - Tamashee's founders - went to their
their efforts were rewarded when a factory in homes and tried to convince their families
Spain agreed to work with them. to allow their daughters to participate for a
Tamashee released its first collection last common good," he says. "It was amazing to
year and it became a big hit. Today, the UAE- work with everyone."
based Tamashee sandals are known for their The Tamashee team is also on a mission to
range of colours and comfort. For Tamashee's raise awareness about people with Down
founders," colouring life" is dear to their syndrome. A portion of the money from
hearts. They place importance on integrating everyTamashee sale supports the UAE Down
art and fashion in the footwear. For this Syndrome Association.
reason, the team has been recruiting artists
For Eid, Tamashee introduced embroidery and
from the Gee as a means of encouraging the
patterns to its footwear collection, which can
community to work together and represent
be found in the Level Shoe District at Dubai
the culture of the UAE internationally.
Mall or online at www.tamashee.com.
They also make it a priority to educate
the community about their products by

3 Read the sente n ces abo ut Moh ammed Kazim 's exp erie n ces. Use in fo rmation fro m the text
to p ut the m in the correct order (1-8)
a Kazim and his team began brainstorming ideas for a new business.
b New embroidery designs and patterns for the shoes were introduced.
c Kazim resigned from his government job.
d Kazim and his team found a Spanish factory to work with them.
e Kazim and his team redesigned the zbairiya to make it more comfortable and colourful.
f Kazim and his colleagues looked through photographs of the Old Souk.
9 Kazim's company, Tamashee, released their first collection.
h Kazim and his colleagues launched Tamashee.

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5 Entrepreneurship and business •• •••• •••• •••
Lessons 3-4 A nation's entrepreneurial vision
• D o you h ave any entrep re n eurs i n your family?
Did you know?
• Would you like to have your own bu sin ess? What k in d of
Developing entrepreneurship
business woul d it be?
is part of Vision 2021, the
UAE's national agenda.
Reading
Entrepreneurs will be
1 Read the following text and answer the questions that follow. supported by practical
programmes that will help
What is an entrepreneur? develop businesses.
An entrepreneur is someone who is willing to take the risk of seHing up
their own business. An entrepreneur sees an opportunity, or a better way
of doing something, and tries to make a profit from it. They have to be
willing to work hard , inspire others and learn from their mistakes.

Why is entrepreneurship important to the UAE?

Vision 2021, the UAE's national agenda, puts in p lace
plans and strategies for the success of the country.
One particularly key element that is focused on is
entrepreneurship; th is shows the commitment of the
leaders to supporting entrepreneurship amongst
its citizens. For any economy, having a variety of
businesses encourag es competition and productivity
and generates wealth, which in turn contributes to the
overall efficiency and health of the economy.

What are the challenges lor developing

entrepreneurs?
There are a number of challenges to encouraging
entrepreneurship here. Many Emiratis prefer to work in the
public sector. Government jobs are perceived as being
more secure, and they offer a good salary and benefits.
Public sector jobs are a good fit with the family and the
wider community and the working environment is culturally
familiar. Other challenges include the lack of funds to set up the
business and an unwillingness to take a risk - after all , the business
might not be a success.

What does entrepreneurship oller?

The benefits of entrepreneurship are that it encourages the person to
'follow a dream' or work in an area that they are utterly passionate about.
Developing entrepreneurship wi ll help diversify the economy as more language tip
an d more small business are established and people begin to work in the
Adverb intensifiers are
private sector. Entrepreneurship will also attract those who do not have a
used to add emphasis to a
job or who did not go to university, as it gives them an opportunity to set
up a business and contribute to the economy of the country. verb, adjective or adverb.
· . .... ... . . • 5 Entrepreneurship and business

Read the following statements about Reading

entrepreneurship. Are the statements true
(T), false (F) or is there no information (NI)? 3 Look at the Language tip box. Read the
1 Being a risk-taker is a characteristic of an text again and underline all the adverbs
entrepreneur. _ __ + adjectives.
2 Making mistakes is not expected when 4 Look at the short introduction to an
starting a business. _ __ essay that is given below. You are going
3 According to the definition of to finish the essay. Choose the argument
entrepreneurs, they need a good work that best supports your position.
ethic. _ __
4 The UAE's National Agenda must be Point 1
adopted by all businesses. _ __ If you work for an employer your job is more
secure, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5 The leadership of the UAE is keen to
encourage entrepreneurs. _ __ a the company is well-established and not
6 Women are more unlikely to be likely to run into trouble this is particularly
entrepreneurs. _ __ true for government jobs.
7 Emiratis prefer to work in the public sector b but you will be limited in what you can do;
because the environment is more familiar. you must do what your employer wants.
Point 2
8 People start businesses because they did Working for yourself
not go to university. _ __ can be really rewarding,
9 The economy of the country is dependent
on small businesses. _ __ a you can do something you enjoy such as
10 Vision 2021 will give people money to start photography studio or set up a shop selling
a business. _ __ unique chocolates and hopefully earn a
living from it.
Speaking b but it is very difficult to make a success of
your own business.
2 Work with your partner. Use the the text
to help you and come up with a list of
three arguments for or against setting up
your own business verses working for
someone.
Your own business Working for someone
5 Entrepreneurship and business •• •••••••• ••••
Lessons 3-4 A nation's entrepreneurial vision
1 Match the word from the box with its definition below.

established strategies
elements
commitment
funds risk
citizens generates
economy
contribute
secure
1 Something that is very safe _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 Money _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

3 A word that means creates or makes _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

4 Something that is already set up _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5 People who live and work in a country _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 Take a chance/uncertainty _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
7 Plans of action _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
8 Parts of something _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
9 To give or add something _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
10 A promise or obligation _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
11 Management of the country's resources _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

2 Replace the adjective in bold with one of the adverbs + adjective below.

particularly important totally shattered really awful extremely clever terribly exciting

1 Fahad is intelligent: he has managed to set up two small businesses.

2 The ability to work hard is key to the success of any entrepreneur.
3 I felt bad when my first business failed .
4 It is thrilling to set up a business.
5 Khulood was exhausted after her long day at work.

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•• •••••• •••• ••• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

3 Use the space below to plan your writing. Remember to support your argument or
challenge a position.

Choose the argument that b est supports your position.

4 Now write your essay.

• Using ideas from Activity 2 in the Coursebook, write two paragraphs arguing yo ur view.
• In your first paragraph support your opinion by giving an example.
• In the second paragraph criticise the opposing view.
• Complete your writing with a concluding paragraph that clearly states which side you support.

Which is better: to work for yourself or to have a boss?

In to day's world the more job options we have the better. But there is a constant debate about
which is better, to work for an employer or go it alone and set up your own business. In my view
is better and in the following paragraphs I will explore this further.

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5 Entrepreneurship and business •• •••• •••• •••
Lessons 5-6 Innovation
• Computer
Look at the photographs on the page. Do you know these parts innovations?
technological
• How did they improve upon existing technology? Furniture
Shoes
Clothing
listening Offices
1 122 You will listen to two proposal presentations
Parts for phones and tablets
from teams using 3D printing. Before yo u listen,
discuss what you know about 3D printing. Cases
Listen and answer the question. Screen
Button
What can be produced using 3D printing?
Food
2 2 Listen again and decide if the questions are Chocolate
true (T) or false (F).
1 The Innovation Week is a presentation of the board
members. _ __
2 Mr Fahad's team wants to print car parts. _ __
3 He has already started manufacturing the parts. _ __
4 Mrs Reem's team wants to print chocolates. _ __
5 H er team has several differe nt food concepts. _ __
6 Mrs Reem's proposal is a safe investment. _ __

3 Which proposal is more innovative?

Which do you prefer?

--
•
Use of English
We can use the future simple passive and present perfect passive for formal register
when the subject (who/what made the action) is not important.
We use the future simple passive, will be + past participle, to speak about actions that
someone will do in the future.
Example: The building will be planned at the meeting next week.
We use the present perfect passive, has/ have + past participle, to speak about actions
that have already been completed, but are connected to the present.
Example: The building has been planned.
In formal speech, we do not use the contractions won't and hasn't/ haven't in the negative.
• • •••••• •••• •• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

language focus
4 23 Look at the excerpts from the audio track and complete the sentences with the
correct form of the verbs in brackets. Then listen and check.
1 ... priority (give) to our two innovation and design teams ...
2 The first prototypes (produce) on a small scale ...
3 ... although they are being tested right now and all the problems ___ (work out)
for another month.
4 A printed chocolates concept (design) by our research team.
S Otherfood concepts (not develop) ...

Speaking
5 You will be giving a presentation on a new innovation.
Brainstorm ideas for a presentation.

What do you What will you

want to innovate? design?

INNOVATION

How does it Why will it be

• •
Improve on prevIous a successful
technology? innovation?

6 Present your proposals. While listening to the other proposals take notes.
Be prepared to ask questions afterwards.
5 Entrepreneurship and business •• •••• •••••• ••
Lessons 5-6 Innovation
1 Listen to the proposals again. Then match each word/phrase (1-8) with its m eaning (a-h).
1 reshaping a to change form
2 technological innovation b to give resources to a project
3 propose c present an idea
4 concept d the first version of something
5 work out e an improvement on an older technology
6 invest f to solve a problem
7 niche 9 a limited market
8 prototype h an idea

2 Read the short n ews story about 3D printing in Dubai. Fill in the gap s with the correct
form of the future simple passive or present p erfect passive.

Over the last two decades, technological innovations like the mobile phone and the Internet
have completely reshaped the world we live in. Now, in Dubai, developers are working to
improve everyday work life by printing 3D office builclings.
The first printed office has already been completed (complete). His Highness Sheikh
Mohammed Bin Rashid al Maktoum opened the first fully functional printed office in May,
2016. Developers used a 3D printer measuring 20 feet high, 120 feet long and 40 feet wide with
an automated robotic arm to layer the mixture of cement and special builcling materials. The
final product is a 250-square foot office with an innovative floorplan that _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(develop) to promote easier communication between different workplace teams. Not only does
the"office of the future " look sleek and modern, the technique saved 80% on construction costs.
This is not the only 3D printing project that Dubai is working on. 3D printed laboratories in
Dubai's Solar Park (plan) by the Dubai Electricity and Water Authority
(DEWA) to open in the near future. The hope is that by 2030 at least 25 % of buildings in Dubai
________ (construct) using this technique.
For now, the office demonstrates the commitment in the UAE to continuing to develop
3D printing. The goal is that by continuing to innovate the 3D printing field, the UAE
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (give) the status of the global centre of 3D printing by the year 2030.

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3 Rewrite the followin g sente n ces usin g the passive voice. The first one has been don e
for yo u.
1 The company will give the innovation team priority moving forward.
Movingforward, the innovation team will be given priority.
2 Will the board complete the plans for the new IT department by next spring?

3 I heard that Huda has finished the new 3D printed chocolate prototypes, I can't wait to try them'

4 Even though there is bad weather, the council will not cancel the summit.

5 The transportation authority has proposed a new international airport in Fujairah.

language tip
Remember you can use the adverbs just and
already to modify the positive present perfect tense
e.g. that have ljust/already) been completed recently.

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5 Entrepreneurship and business ••
Lessons 7- 8 Start,ups
• Can you think of a successful small business that was
started in your area rece ntly?
• What made it successful?

Reading
1 Read the presenta tion below. Use the words in the box and complete the text.
even though Whereas So Provided that Unless Because

INTROOUCTION
Good afternoon ladies and genllernan First. let me thank you all lor coming here today -I am delighted
that so many of you could make it. Let me introduce myself. my name is Hassan AI Khaja, and I am the CEO
of ACME International Home Delivery Services. We are a new start-up company in the UAE market and are
excited to present you with a lucrative investment opportunity. " let's get started.
MAIN BOOY
I am sure many 01 us have had similiar problems when trying to order items from abroad, that is, many
companies will not deliver to places without recognised postal addresses. While researching this problem, we
discovered that ' international delivery services exist. most of them are limited to specific regions
of the world. We believe that we have found a solution to that problem We will employ personnel already
living in the target countries with established P.O. boxes to work as postal agents, forwarding to our building
in Sharjah After, we will deliver packages to the final destination in the UAE. 3 we have already
established contacts with businesses in 95 countries around the world, our customers will have the widest
possible range of products available to choose from.
And now this leads us to the client base. We will be available to deliver to customers located in every emirate
throughout the UAE. Furthermore, our services wi ll not only be available to individual clients but to smal l
businesses as well. We have already begun negotiating with shipping companies to provide the ability to ship
large quantities of products for different small businesses in the retail, agricultural and manufacturing sectors.
As afinal point, I would like to talk about our competition. • current home delivery services claim
that they can deliver the product within two weeks of ordering , we will be able to promise a one-week delivery
time fromthe moment a client clicks the "Submit" button, to the moment it arrives at their door Moreover, by
using innovative methods like automated ordering and shipping, we have developed a way to cut costs and
save our luture clients' money and time. This wi ll help us establish ourselves as the premier international
home delivery service in the UAE.
Conclusion
To sumup. we have established contacts with businesses in more countries than any other international
home delivery services. 5 we can secure funding Irom investors like you , we will be able to start
operating on a limited scale within four months. Within nine months, we will be lully operational, providing
our services from companies in 95 countries around the world. We are determined to become the biggest
name in international delivery services in the UAE. 6 there are any questions, I think that is

everything I wanted to say Thank you lor listening

•• •••• •• •••• •• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

2 Read the prese ntation again a nd answer the Speaking tip

questions in pairs . Business Presentations
1 What is the main idea of the business? In the Introduction, greet the
2 Who will its main customers be? audience and introd uce yourself and
3 What is the current problem with home delivery your topic. Useful phrases incl ude:
services? Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen,
3 Read the text a gain a nd an swer the question s. I am happy/ delighted so many of you
could make it today ...
• What phrases does the speaker use to greet the
audience, and introduce h imself? Let me introduce myself, I am .. .

• What phrases does the speaker use to move on to In the Main Body, state what your
the next point in the main body of the presen tation? idea is, how it wi ll help yo ur future
• H ow does the speaker end the presentation ? clients and what your competition
will look li ke. Useful phrases incl ude:
Speaking This now leads us to ...
As a final point .. .
4 Look at some extracts from a presenta tion a b out
a n ew b u siness . Use the tran sition words on the In th e Conclusion, summarise
left to link the ideas in the sp eech bubbles . your ideas. Thank the audience for
listening. Useful phrases include:
Moreover J Thank you all fo r lis tening ...
/ Thank you fo r your attention .. .
This leads us~

To sum up )
As a final point
We me two Grade 12 students from We think it will be
Fujairah. We have an excellent very popular with
Furthermore J idea for a new start-up. teenagers.

We hope that we can make a

A description
profit from this start-up and
of our clients.
help support our family.

We would like to We have described our start-

discuss our plans up ideas in detail and we hope
for the future. we can rely on your support.
5 Entrepreneurship and business •••••••• •••• ••
Lessons 7-8 Start,ups
1 Refer to the text on page 160 of the Coursebook. Circle the correct answer.

1 A start-up is a new idea for a company that:

a tries to innovate the current market
b only works early in the morning
2 A small business is a company that:
a is important for local business only
b has limited size and financial returns
3 Lucrative is an adjective that means:
a profitable
b useless
language tip
4 Premier is an adjective that means: You can use subordinating
a first in importance conjunctions to provide
b unnecessary additional or contrasting
5 Low-risk means it is a: information:
a safe investment Even though we finished our
b unsafe investment work early, we couldn't make it to
the cinema.
6 Funding is when a company:
We were hungry, so we stopped
a organises a festival for the employees
at the restaurant for lunch.
b receives money from outside sources

2 Fill the gaps in the following sentences with subordinating conjunctions from the box.

even though provided that unless whereas so because

1 _______ our competition offers a 20% discount to members, we offer 25%.

2 The Bridgewater Hotel will lose clients _ _ _ _ _ _ they start focusing on better customer
service after our experience with them.
3 _ _ _ _ _ _ we are the first company to provide home delivery, we will have little
competition.
4 Mona will bring in investors _______ she gives an excellent presentation today.

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•••••• ••••••• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

5 _ _ _ _ _ _ Fahad created an excellent prototype, the investors decided to give their support
to a rival firm.
6 Please remember that we will have a presentation from a start-up company tomorrow morning
at 8:30 am, don't be late'

3 Write half of a s ubordin atin g clause. Ask your p artner to complete yo ur sentence.
1 Because we were so late leaving our home, ...

2
3
4
5
6

4 Reread the text on p age 160 of the Course book. Put the underlined words in the correct
category.
transitions addin more information
r---------~--~~-----------r------~-
nwreover

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5 Entrepreneurship and business •••• •• •
Lessons 9-10 Brand you
• What would you describe as the best quali ties for an employee?
• What are your best skills/abilities?

Reading
W
QI

1 Read this extract from a teen magazine 2 Hassan Al Khaja's n ew business is

and answer the questions. expanding and he now n eed s to hire
1 According to paragraph one, what m akes up som eon e to h e lp market the busin ess.
'brand you'? He has placed an advertisement on his
2 What two pieces of advice does paragraph website. Read the ad and answer the
one give about creating'brand you'? questions.
3 When is your initial o ppo rtunity to market 1 What skill set is required for this job ?
'brand you'? 2 What qualificatio ns are needed ?
3 Wha t experience is required?
'Brand you' exists! It is not about what you do, 4 Do you have to speak English and Arabic?
but who you are. It is particularly important for 5 Wha t would a cover letter in an applicatio n
your career and the best way to market your for this job n eed to sh ow?
skills and abilities. A positive brand can lead
to a great career. Build your own brand - you Job Title: Ma rketin g Coordinato r
know more about yourself than anyone! Be
Employer: Acme Internatio nal Ho me De livery
positive, be honest and showcase all your talent
and ability. location: Sharjah
Where to start? Well, first you need to Essential Requirements
understand your strengths and areas for At least two years wo rking in a similar position.
improvement. Try drawing a mind map of all Enthu sias m and excellent co mmunicati ve skills.
your skills and give examples that demonstrate A degree in marketin g o r equivalent. Exce llent
your abilities. o rganisational skills and a professio nal attitude .
What's next? Take the first chance you get Desired Requirements
to market 'brand you' to employers. This will Candidates who speak both Arabic and
usually be the cover letter you write when English preferred .
applying for a job. Introduce yourself and write
about your experience. Show how you are the If you have th e right skill set and are up to
best person for the job. th e challenge of th is respo nsible rol e please
A word of advice! submit a CV and cover letter to
Understand what the Hassan.AIKhaja@acmeinternati o na l.ae
employers want by reading
the job advert carefully.
Show how your talent and
ability match this and then
you are on your way to a
great career.
•••• •••• •••• •• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

3 Look at the responses that Hassan received.

brand is better 'brand Abdullah' or 'brand
Mansour'? Why?

U\....I S"bje"~,= = = = = = = = Use of English

Hi Hassan, Would is used to write about a future
circumstance, where if the situation
How are you? I saw your ad on a website
recently. I think your business is really cool. allows, you will do something.
I'd like to do the job. I've got all the skills and For example:
experience that you're asking for, like a BA in I would be happy to come ...
Marketing, 2 years of experience and all the I would welcome an opportunity ...
other skills. I'd like to ask some questions.
How much do you pay? When are the holidays?
I would be very happy to start next month.
Thanks,
Abdullah

Ou Subject:

Dear Mr AI Khaja,
I would like to apply for the position of Marketing Coordinator at Acme International
Home Delivery.
I am currently working in the marketing department of All-things-online, and have
done so for the past three years. When I joined, the business was new, and I helped
develop its online customer base. I loved this experience and would welcome an
opportunity to work in a new company like yours again.
I have excellent communication skills, and I am well organised and professional in
my approach to my work. I speak both Arabic and English fluently and completed
my BA in Marketing three years ago.
I believe I have all the skills required for this position. Moreover, I have a great deal
of experience in a start-up similar to yours. I have attached my CV. I would be very
happy to attend an interview.
I look forward to hearing from you in the near future.
Yours sincerely,
Writing tip
Mansour AI Kaabi
When writing a cover letter make sure
you use formal language. In formal
language we do not use contractions
or informal words such as cool, Hi.
5 Entrepreneurship and business •••••• •••• •••
Lessons 9-10 'Brand you'
1 Refer to the two emails in the Coursebook. Put a besides the key characteristics of a formal
email and b besides the key characteristics of an informal email.
1 Uses contractions e.g. I'd, I've 5 Uses formal phrases _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 Uses paragraphs _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 Uses first names _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 7 Expresses ideas clearly and gives detail
3 Addresses the recipient using their surname
8 Uses slang _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 Uses short sentences _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

2 Choose the correct word to complete the sentence

1 Abdullah apologised for accidentally dropping his friend's phone.
a sincerely b desired C enthusiasm
2 The two interviewees have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ experience.
a attached b equivalent C sincerely
3 The email had three documents that detailed the company's sales.
a attached b marketing C brand
4 The company's _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ was in Umm AI Quwain.
a requirements b marketing c base
5 In Shamsa's job she is responsible for all finances.
a marketing b current c base
6 After the went through, Aziz was promoted.
a current b deal c requirements
7 The latest phone by this big brand is by all.
a desired c enthusiasm c current
8 Afra showed great _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ at the interview and thus got the job.
a desired b responsible c enthusiasm
9 The company's _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ campaign was targeted at teenagers.
a attached b current C marketing
10 The job included fluency in English and Arabic.
a responsible b requirements C desired
11 The big names have most of the market.
a brand b deal c requirements
12 In Shamsa's previous job she was for three employees.
a requirements b equivalent c responsible

Bridge to Success Book 12 Workbook Unit 5

•••• •••• ••••••• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

3 Look at the job advert on Course book page 162. Imagine you have all the essential and
desired skills for the job. Use some of the fixed phases below to help you write your letter.

Greeting Dear Sir/Madam, Dear MriMrs _____ ,

Opening Paragraph I am writing in response to your advertisement.
I would like to apply for the position advertised ...
I am interested in the position advertised ...
Main Paragraphs I am currently working in ...
At present I am ...
In my current position I am ...
I am fluent in ...
I am confident that I can ...
My interests include ...
I have the following qualifications ...
Closing Paragraphs I believe I have the skills and experience ...
I have attached my Cv.
I am available for an interview ...
I look forward to hearing from you.
Signing off Yours sincerelylYours faithfully,

Bridge to Success Book 12 Workbook Unit 5

5 Entrepreneurship and business •••• •••••• ••
Lessons 11-12 Teenage business men and women
• Do you eat healthily?
• H ow could you m ake m oney fro m healthy food?

Reading
1 Read the first part of a newspaper
EM IRATI TEEN DELIVERSGREENS
article about teenage business people As part of our series on
and choose the correct meaning of the young, successful Emiratis,
words in bold. this week we are speaking
to Majed AI Kaabi . At the
1 He has already set up h is own food
age of nineteen he has
delivery company ...
already set up his own
a started food delivery company
b bought which is currently valued at
2 So, Majed decided to try and change 20 million AED. We asked •
h is fa mily's dietary habits . him how he got the idea
a m ethods of losing weigh t for his business.
b food usually eaten
'Well, we were studying healthy eating habits
3 When his fam ily noticed the benefits
at school and I found it really interesting. I also
of their new healthy lifestyle ...
became worried about my family since the lessons
a disadvan tages made me realise how unhealthy our diet was.'
b advantages
4 So how did Majed cope with the So, Majed decided to try and change his family's
increas ing dem and fo r his healthy dietary habits. He had always been interested in
food ... ? cooking so he started to prepare the daily meals
a deal with and eventually took control of the weekly grocery
shopping. When his family noticed the benefits of
b put up with
their new healthy lifestyle, they began to tell their
friends and neighbours.
Whenever a neighbour was having a dinner party,
they would pay me to prepare and deliver the food.
Pretty soon I was getting orders every day and
often several orders for one evening. It was crazy.
I wouldn't have been able to cope with both school
and the business unless I changed something.'
So how did Majed cope with the increasing
demand for his healthy food as well as keep up
with his schoolwork? It must have been difficult to
balance school while expanding his business.
•••• •••• •••• •• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

2 Read the last paragraph again. How do you think Majed coped with both
school and his business? How do you think he expanded his company?

language focus
3 Look at the following ideas. Combine pairs to make four sentences. I didn't have
Add extra words where you need to. enough money
launching his own
her business partner business
I decided to start my was doubttul
own business

my friends were busy

Abdullah carried out doing homework
Meera was confident the a lot of research
business would be successful

I was out trying to

find customers

Use of English
Independent clause + dependent clause = complex sentence.
language tip
We connect a dependent clause to an independent clause with a
subordinating conjunction : The subordinating
conjunction comes
When his family noticed the benefits of their new healthy lifestyle, they
before the dependent
began to tell their friends and neighbours.
clause. This means that
I wouldn 't have been able to cope unless I changed something. the listener or reader are
Find examples of subordinating conjunctions in the newspaper article clear that this information
and circle them. What do you notice about the punctuation? is not as important.

Writing
4 Imagine that you are a successful entrepreneur. You have been
asked to write a short article for a local newspaper which is
doing a series on successful Emirati teenagers.

Writing tip
Remember to brainstorm needed money ",-cleanedmy fa.ther-s car
ideas and make notes I cleaned my father's car since I was short of money
before writing. Look at making a profit - invested money
ways to combine ideas.
_ Once-' was making a.profit,-, decided to invest_more
money in advertising.
5 Entrepreneurship and business •••• •••••• •• •
Lesso ns 11 - 12 Teenage business men and women
1 Read the second part of the newspaper article about young s uccessful Emirati.
Did Majed find it difficult to balance work and school? How did he expand his business?

EMIRATI TEEN DELIVERS GREENS

"Even though I was so busy my school grades
improved. I think it was because running
a business allowed me to relate school to
the real world. It also helped that I was able
to pay my friends to deliver the food in the
evenings."
People are spending more and more time
at work and don't have time to prepare a
real, healthy meal. That's why fast food is
\
so populaLIt's convenient. Once it became I

clear to Majed that there was a real need for a

healthy food delivery service, he could see the
\
potential to make a lot of money.
"Because I was working from my family
home I had very few overheads. My largest
expense was the healthy ingredients, which
were very often imported. Then one night, during lunch hours. They believed that the
after watching an interesting documentary healthy meals, as opposed to fast food or no
on the environment and reducing carbon meals, raised and maintained energy levels
footprints, I had the idea of working with leading to increased productivity.
local producers. I got in touch with a few and Within two years, Majed was making enough
they were very keen on my proposal." money to move into his own premises and
This proved to be a clever move since start a chain of healthy food delivery outlets
promoting local producers not only cut costs across the UAE. He currently employs 2000
but highlighted the health benefits which staff full -time nationwide. And remember,
helped advertise Majed's service. Before long, he is still only nineteen years old. Having
local businesses were signing contracts with achieved so much in such a short time, what's
Majed for him to supply meals for their staff left for him?

Bridge to Success Book 12 Workbook Unit 5

•• •••••• •••• ••• 5 Entrepreneurship and business

2 Match the definitions with words/expressions from the second part of the newspaper article.
1 House or building occupied by a business _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 Costs paid by a business for electricity, rent etc _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3 Supporting or encouraging someone _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 Tomanageacompany _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5 To notice that something can be developed in the future _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 Toreduceexpenses _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
7 To make a legal agreement _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

3 Put the subordinating conjunctions from the newspaper article into the correct place on
the table.

Suboardinating conjunctions
Contacts Condition Time Result (often surprising) Reason

4 Add the following subordinating conjunctions to the diagram above.

if although whereas as soon as whether or not as soon as though

5 Combine the two sentences using one of the words from the diagram.
Sultan didn't have much money. He bought the car.

I prefer to watch TV over the Internet. I can watch what I want when I want.

Hanan is preparing for job interviews. She wants to get a new job.

I thought it was a bad idea. I decided to go ahead with it.

I developed a business plan. I had found a niche in the market.

Bridge to Success Book 12 Workbook Unit 5