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APA Style: 1. Throughout The Text: In-Text Citations

APA style is a writing format commonly used in behavioral and social sciences for citing sources. It consists of in-text citations with author and year, and a reference list at the end. In-text citations include the author's name, year of publication, and page number when quoting directly. The reference list provides full bibliographic details of all sources cited, organized alphabetically by author's last name. APA style is described in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association and is used to standardize research writing.

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96 views

APA Style: 1. Throughout The Text: In-Text Citations

APA style is a writing format commonly used in behavioral and social sciences for citing sources. It consists of in-text citations with author and year, and a reference list at the end. In-text citations include the author's name, year of publication, and page number when quoting directly. The reference list provides full bibliographic details of all sources cited, organized alphabetically by author's last name. APA style is described in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association and is used to standardize research writing.

Uploaded by

احمد
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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APA style

APA style (also known as APA format) is a writing style and format for
academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and books. It is
commonly used for citing sources within the field
of behavioral and social sciences. It is described in the style guide of
the American Psychological Association (APA), which is titled
the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. The
APA (American Psychological Association) style requires two elements:
in-text citations throughout your assignment, and a reference list at the
end.
1. Throughout the text: In-text citations

 Include information about a source within the text of your


assignment:
 the name of the author or authors
 the year of publication
 the page number (see below for further information).
Citations may be placed at the end of a sentence before the concluding
punctuation in brackets.
Paraphrase of the source in your own words
Encouraging students to memorize information and then testing their
memory has been a consistent criterion of pedagogy (Broudy, 1998).
Broudy (1998, p. 8) explains that memorization does not result in an
ability to solve problems.
Quotation (exact words from the source)
Broudy (1998, p. 9) argues that “on the common criteria for schooling,
our sample citizen has failed because he cannot replicate the necessary
skill or apply the relevant principles”.
2. At the end: References
At the end of the text, include a list of references; a single list of all the
sources of information you have cited in your assignment. Begin the
reference list on a new page and title it “References”. Centre the title on
the page. Each entry should have a hanging indent.
Each list item requires specific bibliographic information. For example,
in the case of a book, ‘bibliographical details’ refers to: author/editor,
year of publication, title, edition, place of publication and publisher, as
found in the title pages (some details will vary).
Wolpe, A. (1988). Within school walls. London, England: Routledge.
Woods, C. & Griffiths, A. (1995). The real McCoy. Design World, 12(3),
2-13.
Citing Books
Basic Format
Author Name. (Year of publication). Title and subtitle. City of
publication: Name of publisher.
Lee, H. (1960). To kill a mockingbird. New York: Grand Central
Publishing.
Online Book
Twain, M. (2010) Autobiography of Mark Twain, Volume 1. Available at
[URL]
Article online
Al-Bahrani, R.H. (2000, November). Arabic grammar. Retrieved
from…...
Electronic book
 Al-Bahrani, R.H. (2000). Arabic grammar [e- books]. Retrieved
from…...
Magazines, and Newspapers
Author’s Name. (Date of publication in Parenthesis). Title and
subtitle. Journal Title, Volume number, Page number.

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