9

Mathematics
First Quarter – Module 12:

Graphing a Quadratic Function

Mathematics - Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Floripis A. Montecillo, MAEd - Math

Editor: Dr. Pamela A. Rodemio
Reviewers: Dr. Anecita U. Mendez (Moderator)
Mr. Edsel Ursal
Illustrator & Layout: Myrna P. Soco
Management Team:
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Dr. Cartesa M. Perico
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Dr. Leah B. Apao
Chief, CID: Dr. Mary Ann P. Flores
EPS in LRMS: Mr. Isaiash T. Wagas
EPS in Math: Dr. Pamela A. Rodemio

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Office Address : IPHO Building, Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
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9

Mathematics
First Quarter – Module 12:

Graphing a Quadratic Function

Introductory Message

This module is carefully designed to continually facilitate learners to achieve

mastery on the Most Essential Learning Competencies and develop their 21st century
skills. This module consists of essential components developed appropriately for self-
instructional mode of learning. The components come in various developmental
purposes that are designed to diagnose (pretest), recall and associate (review),
discuss, explain and even provide practice activities, enrichment tasks, assessments
and answer keys.

Upon taking the pre-test, determine whether you need to take or skip this
module. At 100% accuracy, you possess the mastery of the topic in the module; hence,
you don’t need to take it and you may choose to proceed to the next module. At 99%
and below, you are recommended to undertake the module to acquire the necessary
skills.

Though allowed, adult supervision is limited only to providing assistance in

accomplishing this module. It is highly recommended that YOU, the learner, should try
to engage independently in doing the different tasks for you to become a critical thinker
and problem solver which are the twin goals of Mathematics.

May this module be utilized to its fullest extent in the purpose of learning the
competencies construed as Most Essential for a learner in this level. God bless and
enjoy learning!

PAMELA A. RODEMIO
Education Program Supervisor - MATH
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

Graphing a Quadratic Function

PERFORMANCE STANDARD:
In this module, the learner is able to investigate thoroughly mathematical
relationshipsin various situations, formulate real-life problems involving quadratic
equations, inequalities and functions, and rational algebraic equations, and solve
these problems using variety of strategies.

I. Most Essential Learning Competency: graphs a quadratic function: (a)

domain; (b) range; (c) intercepts; (d) axis of symmetry; (e) vertex; (f) direction
of the opening of the parabola. M9AL-Ig-h-i-1

What I Need to Know

In this lesson the learner:

a. identify the vertex, domain, range, axis of symmetry, intercepts and opening
of the graph of a quadratic function
b. sketch the graph of a quadratic function
c. appreciate the value of independent learning

Have you ever asked yourself why PBA players are good in free throws? How
do angry bird expert players hit their targets? Do you know the secret key in playing
this game? What is the maximum height reached by an object thrown vertically upward
given a particular condition? One of the most interesting topics in mathematics is the
quadratic function.

What I know

Pre-test
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Read each problem carefully and choose the appropriate answer from the given
options.

Grade 9 Mathematics 1
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

1. Which of the following is a quadratic function?

a. F(x) = x+ 4 b. f(x) = x2 + 1 c. x2 +4x- x2 = y d. x + y = -4
2. How many possible zeros of function are there in a quadratic function?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3
3. What is the appearance of the graph of a quadratic function?
a. U-shaped curve b. V-shaped curve c. S curved d. line
4. In a quadratic function y= 2(x-1)2 - 4 what is the coordinates of the vertex of
the parabola?
a. (-1, 4) b. (-1, -4) c. (1, 4) d. (1, -4)
5. In a quadratic function y= 2(x-1)2 - 4 what is the axis of symmetry?
a. x = 1 b. x = -1 c. x = 0 d. x = 2
6. Which of the following is the graph of y = 3x2+12x-15?

7. Which of the following is the graph of y = -x2 - 8x -12?

8. Which of the following is the graph of y = -2x2 +2x-15?

9. Which of the following is the graph of y = x2 - 6x + 5?

Grade 9 Mathematics 2
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

10. In a quadratic function y= -2(x+1)2 + 4 what is the direction of the opening of

the parabola?
a. Upward b. downward c. sideward d. counterclockwise

Lesson : Graphing a Quadratic Function

What’s In

Graph of a Quadratic Function

To better understand the properties of the graph of a quadratic function, study
some key points below.

The graph of a quadratic function y = ax2 + bx + c is called parabola. The

parabola opens upward or downward. It has a turning point called vertex which is
either the lowest point or the highest point of the graph. If the value of a > 0, the
parabola opens upward and has a minimum point but if a < 0, the parabola opens
downward and has a maximum point. There is a line called axis of symmetry which
divide the graph into two parts such that one- half of the graph is a reflection of the
other half. If the quadratic function is expressed in the form y = a(x – h)2 + k, the vertex
is the point ( h , k ). The line x = h is the axis of symmetry and k is the minimum or
maximum value of the function.

The domain of a quadratic function is the set of all real numbers. The range
depends on whether the parabola opens upward or downward. If it opens upward, the
range is the set { y : y ≥ k } ; if it opens downward, then the range is the set
{ y : y ≤ k }.

The intercepts are the intersection of the graph of a quadratic function to the
axes. The intersection of the graph of a quadratic function to the x-axis is called x-
intercepts and the intersection to the y-axis is called y-intercepts. To find the x-
intercept is let y be equal to zero and to find the y-intercept let x be equal zero.

Grade 9 Mathematics 3
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

What’s New

Task 1: Given the quadratic functions y = x2 – 2x – 3 and y = - x2 + 4x – 1, complete

the table of values for x and y.
y = x2 – 2x – 3
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y 12 5 0
y = - x2 + 4x – 1
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y -22 -13

Task 2: Sketch the graph of a quadratic function on the Cartesian plane.

y = x2 – 2x – 3 y = - x2 + 4x - 1
Task 3: Determine the properties of a quadratic function.

Grade 9 Mathematics 4
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

Domain: ____________________
Range: _____________________
x-intercepts: _________________
y-intercept: _________________
Vertex: _____________________
Minimum Value: _____________
Axis of Symmetry: ____________
Open Up or Down: ____________

Domain: ____________________
Range: _____________________
x-intercepts: _________________
y-intercept: _________________
Vertex: _____________________
Minimum Value: ______________
Axis of Symmetry: ____________
Open Up or Down:____________

Task 4: Given the quadratic functions y = x2 – 2x – 3 and y = - x2 + 4x – 1, transform

them into the form y = a(x-h)2 + k.

y = x2 – 2x – 3
y = - x2 + 4x – 1

a. Complete the table of values for x and y.

y = x2 – 2x – 3
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y 12 5

y = - x2 + 4x – 1
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y -22 - -1 3 -6

b. Sketch the graph on the Cartesian plane.

y = x2 – 2x – 3 y = - x2 + 4x - 1
Task 5: Identify the domain of function, range of function, x-intercepts, y-intercept,
vertex of the parabola, minimum value or maximum value, axis of symmetry and
direction of the opening of the graph of a quadratic function.
QUADRATIC DOMAIN RANGE X- Y- VERTEX Min. Max. axis Open-
EQUATION INTERCEPT INTERCEPT Pt. Pt. sym. ning

Grade 9 Mathematics 5
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

1. y =(x+5)2
–9
2.y=2x2 +
4x
3.y = x2-2x -
3
4.Y= –(x-1)2
+1
5.Y=3(x-3)2
-12

What is It

Task 1(Discussion and solutions)

Directions: Complete the function table and sketch the graph.
Given the quadratic functions y = x2 – 2x – 3 and y = - x2 + 4x – 1, complete the
table of values for x and y.
y = x2 – 2x – 3
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y 12 5 0 -3 -4 -3 0 5 12

y = - x2 + 4x – 1
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y -22 -13 -6 -1 2 3 2 -1 -6

Task 2(Discussion and solutions)

Directions: Sketch the graph on the Cartesian plane.
1. y = - x2 + 4x – 1
TO GRAPH A QUADRATIC FUNCTION
1. Find the vertex.
2. Determine the line of symmetry.
3. On one side of the line symmetry, choose at least one value of x and compute
the value of y.
4. Similarly, choose at least one value of x on the other side and compute the
value of y.
5. Plot the points and connect them by a smooth curve.
Example 1. Graph the quadratic function y = x2 - 4x + 1
Solution:
1. Find the vertex.
y = ( x2 – 4x + 4) + 1 – 4
x 2
y = ( x - 2 )2 – 3 y -3
Vertex ( 2 , -3 )
Grade 9 Mathematics 6
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

2. Determine the line of symmetry: x =2.(x value of the vertex)

3. On one side of the line symmetry, choose at least one value of x and compute
the value of y.
x 1 2 x=1 ; y = (1)2 – 4(1) + 1 = -2
y -2 -3

4. Similarly, choose at least one value of x on the other side and compute the value of y.
x 2 3 X=3 ; y = (3)2 – 4(3) + 1 = -2
y -3 -2
5. Plot the points and connect them by a smooth curve.

The quadratic function y = x2 - 4x + 1 has : Domain: Set of all real numbers

Range: {y: y ≥ -3}
Example 2. Draw the graph of the quadratic equation y = -3x2 - 6x + 4
Solution: 1. Find the vertex.
y = -3x2 - 6x + 4 a = -3, b = -6, c=4
−𝑏 −(−6) 4𝑎𝑐−𝑏² 4(−3)(4)−(−6)²
x= = = -1 ; y = = =7 x -1
2𝑎 2(−3) 4𝑎 4(−3)
y 7
Vertex ( -1 , 7 )

2. Determine the line of symmetry.( x value of the vertex) x = -1

3. In one side of the line symmetry, choose at least one value of x and compute
the value of y.
x -2 -1 x = -2 ; y =-3 (-2)2 – 6(-2) + 4 = 4
y 4 7

4. Similarly, choose at least one value of x on the other side and compute the
value of y.

x -1 0 X=0 ; y = -3(0)2 – 6(0) + 4 = 4

y 7 4

5. Plot the points and connect them by a smooth curve.

Grade 9 Mathematics 7
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

The quadratic function y = -3x2 - 6x + 4 has : Domain: Set of all real numbers

Range: {y: y ≤ 7}

Task 3 (Discussion and solutions)

Find the value corresponds to the specified properties of a quadratic
function.

Domain: set of all real numbers

Range: {y: y ≥-4}
x-intercepts: (-2,0) and (5,0)
y-intercept: (0, -3)
Vertex: (2, -4)
Minimum Value: y = - 4
Axis of Symmetry: x = 2
Open Upward or Downward: open upward

Domain: set of all real numbers

Range: {y: y ≤ 4}
x-intercepts: (-2,0) and (2,0)
y-intercept: (0, 4)
Vertex:_ (0, 4)
Minimum Value: y = 4
Axis of Symmetry: x = 0
Open Upward or Downward: open downward

Task 4 (Discussion and solutions)

Given the quadratic functions y = x2 – 2x – 3 and y = - x2 + 4x – 1, transform them

into the form
y = a(x-h)2 + k.
Solution:

Grade 9 Mathematics 8
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

y = x2 – 2x – 3 y = (x-1)2 - 4
y = - x2 + 4x – 1 y = -(x-2)2 + 3

How to transform into y = a(x-h)2 + k.

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y 12 5 0 -3 -4 -3 0 5 12

y = - x2 + 4x – 1
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y -22 -13 -6 -1 2 3 2 -1 -6

Task 5 (Discussion and solutions)

Identify the domain of function, range of function, x-intercepts, y-intercept,
vertex of the parabola, minimum value or maximum value, axis of symmetry and
direction of the opening of the graph of a quadratic function.

QUADRATIC DOMAIN RANGE X- Y- VERTEX

EQUATION INTERCEPT INTERCEPT
1. y =(x+5)2 – Set of all real {y: y ≥-9} (-8,0) and (- (0, 16) (0, 16)
9 numbers 2,0)
2.y=2x2 + 4x Set of all real {y: y ≥-2} (0,0) and (-2,0) (0, 0) (-1, -2)
numbers
3.y = x2-2x -3 Set of all real {y: y ≥-4} (-1,0) and (3,0) (0, -3) (1, -4)
numbers
4.Y= –(x-1)2 + Set of all real {y: y ≤ 1} (0,0) and (2,0) (0, 0) (1, 1)
1 numbers
5.Y=3(x-3)2 - Set of all real {y: y ≥- (1,0) and (5,0) (0, 15) (3, -12)
12 numbers 12}

QUADRATIC MINIMUM MAXIMUM AXIS OF DIRECTION OF the

EQUATION VALUE VALUE SYMMETRY PARABOLA
y =(x+5)2 – 9 y=-9 x = -5 upward

y=2x2 + 4x y= -2 x = -1 upward

y = x2-2x -3 y= -4 x= 1 upward

Y= –(x-1)2 + 1 y =1 x=1 downward

Y=3(x-3)2 -12 y = -12 x=3 upward

What’s More

A. Independent Activity 1 (consists of 5-item test)

Grade 9 Mathematics 9
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

Directions: Complete the function table of values of Domain of the function (x) and
the values of the Range of the function (y).
1. y = x2 - 6x + 11
x 1 2 3 4 5
y

2. y = -(x + 1)2 + 3
x -3 -2 -1 0 1
y
3. y =3 x2
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y
4. y =x2 -2
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y
5. y=x(x-4)
x -3 -2 -1 0 1
y

B. Independent Assessment 1(consists of 5-item test)

Directions: Use the table of values computed in the given quadratic functions and
sketch the graph in a cartesian Plane.
1. y = x2 - 6x + 11
x 1 2 3 4 5
y

2. y = -(x + 1)2 + 3
x -3 -2 -1 0 1
y

Grade 9 Mathematics 10
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

3. y =3 x2
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

4. y =x2 -2

x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

5. y=x(x-4)
x -3 -2 -1 0 1
y

Grade 9 Mathematics 11
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

C. Independent Activity 2(consists of 5-item test)

1. Which of the following is the graph of y = -3(x-1)2 +12?

2. Which of the following is the graph of y = -(x-6)2 +9?

3. Which of the following is the graph of y = 3/2 (x+ 3)2 - 6?

4. Which of the following is the graph of y = 2 (x- 1)2 + 3?

Grade 9 Mathematics 12
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

5. Which of the following is the graph of y = - (x- 1)2 + 1?

D. Independent Assessment 2 (consists of 4-item test)

1.

Domain: ____________________
Range: _____________________
x-intercepts: _________________
y-intercept: _________________
Vertex: _____________________
Minimum Value: _____________
Axis of Symmetry: ____________
Open Up or Down: ____________

2.

Domain:____________________
Range:_____________________
x-intercepts:_________________
y-intercept:_________________
Vertex:_____________________
Minimum Value:_____________
Axis of Symmetry:____________
Open Up or Down:____________

E. Independent Activity 3 (consists of 5-item multiple choice test)

Read and analyze each problem carefully. Choose the appropriate answer from the
given options.

Grade 9 Mathematics 13
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

1. What is the axis of symmetry of a quadratic function f(x) = -2(x +1)2 - 7?

a. x= -1 b. x =1 c. x = -2 d. x = -7
2
2. What is the vertex of a quadratic function f(x) = -2(x +1) - 7?
a. (1, 7) b. (1, -7) c. (-1, -7) d. (-1, 7)
3. Express the given of a quadratic function f(x) = -2(x +1) – 7 into general form.
2

a. f(x)= x2 - 4x +3 b. f(x) = -3x2 – 2x

c. f(x)= -x2 d. f(x)= -2x2 - 4x -5
4. Which of the following quadratic functions has the graph that opens upward?
a. f(x)= x2 - 4x +3 b. f(x) = -3x2 – 2x -5
c. f(x)= -t2 d. f(x) +2r2 = r + 7
5. What is the vertex form of a quadratic function?
a. f(x)= x2 - 4x +3 b. f(x) = -3x2 – 2x
c. f(x)= -t2 d. f(x) = -2(x +1)2 - 7

F. Independent Assessment 3 (Consists of 5-item multiple choice test)

Which of these quadratic functions described each of the given graph below?
1.
2
a. f(x) = x (x+1)
5
b. f(x) = (x-2)(x-6)

c. f(x) = x2 +4x-12

2.

a. f(x) = x2 – 4
b. f(x) = 7x2 +5x-3
c. f(x) = x2 - 2

3.

1 2
a. f(x) = x +1)
3
1
b. f(x) = x2 +
2

1
c.f(x)= x2 + 2x -
6

4.

Grade 9 Mathematics 14
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

a. f(x) = 4x2 – 18x -9

b. f(x) = 3x2 – 6x - 4

c. f(x) = 3(x+2)(x+3)

5.

a. f(x) = -x2 + 8x + 12
b. f(x) = x2 + 7x +5

c. f(x) = -(x+2)(x+6)

What I Have Learned

1. What are the properties of the graph of a quadratic function?

2. What are the characteristics of the parabola as its shifted from the y =
x2 to several ways? ( right or left , and upward or downward shift of the
vertex)

What I can Do

Hit the Ball!

James Emman hit the volleyball at 3 feet above the ground with an initial velocity
of 32ft/sec. The path of the ball is given by the function H(t) = -16t2 +32t + 3, where
H is the height of the ball at t seconds. What is the maximum height reached by
the ball?
1. What kind of function is used to model the path of volleyball?
2. Draw the path of the volleyball and observe the curve.
3. What is the maximum height reached by the ball?
4. What is represented by the maximum point of the graph?

Grade 9 Mathematics 15
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

Assessment

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Analyze each problem carefully and select the appropriate answer from the
given options.
1. What is the appearance of the graph of a quadratic function?
a. smooth curved c. line
b. hyperbola d. parabola or U-shaped curved
2. A line that divides the parabola into two equal parts, such that one-half of the
graph is the reflection of the other half.
a. Axis of symmetry c. Minimum Point
b. Maximum Value d. Vertex
3. The values of the Domain of the quadratic function is a set of all____.
a. Not real numbers c. negative integers
b. Real numbers d. positive integers
4. Which of these quadratic functions, has the graph that opens upward?
a. y = -x2 + 3x - 10 c. y = - (-x2 ) -121
b. y= -x2 - 10x + 25=0 d. y= -x2 + 7x = -12

5. The graph y = x2 - 4 is obtained by sliding the graph of y = x2?

a. 4 units downward c. 4 units to the right
b. 4 units upward d. 4 units to the left
2
6. In a quadratic function y = -3(x-2) + 4, what is the axis of symmetry?
a. x = 2 b. x = 4 c. x = -2 d. x = -3
2
7. In a quadratic function y = -3(x-2) + 4, what is the coordinates of the vertex of
its graph?
a. (-2, 4) b. (2, 4) c. (-2, -4) d. (2, -4)
8. The vertex is the ______ of the parabola.
a. Maximum point c. either a or b
b. Minimum point d. none of the above
9. In the given graph or parabola below, what are the values of its x- intercepts?

a. x = 2 and x = 6
b. No real roots
c. x = -2 and x = -6
d. d. Two complex roots

Grade 9 Mathematics 16
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

10. Which of the quadratic function has a parabola or graph that opens upward?
a. y = -x2 + 7x + 10 c. -x2 - 12x + 36 = y
b. y = 2(-x2 + 7x -15 ) d. y = x2 - 144

Additional Activities

It’s Time To Note!

Tell something about what you have learned in Graphing Quadratic Functions.

1. What are the properties of the graph of a quadratic function?

Discuss briefly
2. Enumerate the steps in graphing quadratic function.
3. How can you determine the vertex of a quadratic function.
4. Cite some physical representation of a parabola.
5. What are your insights in this lesson?

Grade 9 Mathematics 17
18 Grade 9 Mathematics
ANSWER KEY
Pre-Test
1. b 6. b
2. c 7. b
3. a 8. b
4. d 9. a
5. a 10. b
A and B Activity (Solutions)
Directions: Complete the function table and sketch the graph.
1. y = x2 - 6x + 11
x 1 2 3 4 5
y 6 3 2 3 6
2. y = -(x + 1)2 + 3
X -3 -2 -1 0 1
Y -1 2 3 2 -1
Key to Correction
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function
19 Grade 9 Mathematics
3. y =3 x2
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y 12 3 0 3 12
C. Independent Activity 2
1. A 2. D 3. C 4. C. 5. D
D.
1. 2.
2. 4.
E. Independent Activity:
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D
F. Independent Assessment 3:
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C
Assessment:
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A
6. a 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

REFERENCES

Mathematics for 21st Century Learner 9, pages 31-34. Published by DIWA LEARNING
SYSTEMS INC
Mathematics Grade 9 Learner’s Material, pages 56-65. First Edition, 2014. Published
by DepEd

https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fspiral.ac%2Fsharing%2Fc74s2be%2Fnat
ure-of-roots-of-quadratic-equation-discriminant-quadratic-
formula%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR1w2NQN5i8bytwkbZe8ZVcGTK8Yzs441WkEMMkNKVc-
3jEofQkYSNqA-LM&h=AT1IUC15r_fyJjUFZrRUjvUqT_KU3XiRDI6-o_SVFXK72WI5jL-
mJOO9bltzLdAFPCq2OSb0ETnEtX_3LqrB7TiJ1_fSaaA2q6SEp9mEXdz2wOcU-
0PA3YXEFtfVC5Eu26k

Grade 9 Mathematics 20
Module 12: Graphing a Quadratic Function

For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province
Office Address: IPHO Bldg. Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255-6405
Email Address: [email protected]

Grade 9 Mathematics 21