6/1/2022 ISP250_USERFACE, INPUT & OUTPUT DESIGN (C7) – HUDA JAAFAR

User Interface Design

Evolution of User - User Interface (UI), describe how users interact with a computer system
Interface Design - Consists of hardware, software, screens, menus, functions, output, and features that affects 2-way
communications between the user and the computer.
- Older system  analysis design all the printed & screen output first then worked on the inputs necessary to
produce the results.
- User interface mainly consists of process-control which allowed the user to send commands to the system,
this method worked well with traditional system that simply transformed input data into structured output.
- Information management system evolved from centralized data processing  dynamics
- Enterprise-wide system shifts their primary focus from IT department to the users themselves.
- IT group became a supplier of information technology, rather than the supplier of information.
- Main focus: ① Users within and outside the company
② How they communicate with the information system
③ How the system supports the firm’s business operations
Tk complete lgi… sambung ebook pg: 347
- User interface design require an understanding of human-computer interaction and user-centered design
principles.
- UI based on basic principles of human-computer interaction.
- IBM believe that user interface evolution will lead to computer s that truly are consumer products that are
simple and natural for the general population to use.

User-Centered - The distinction blurs between input, output and the interface itself
System - Most user work with a varied mix of inputs, screen output and data entries as they perform day-2-day job
functions.
~ those task require interaction with the computer system, the user interface is a vital element in the
systems design phase.
- Ergosoft laboratories one of the firm offers consulting services and software solutions to help companies
develop successful user interfaces.
- Basic Principle of User-Centered Design

Human-Computer - Started in 1980s with users typing complex commands in green text on a black screen.
Interaction (HCI) - Describe the relationship between computers & people who use them to perform business-related tasks.
- Applies to everything from PC desktops to global networks
- User interface includes all the communications & instructions necessary to enter input to the system and to
obtain output in the form of screen displays or printed reports.
- Then came graphical user interface (GUI) that used icons, graphical objects and pointing devices.
- SA will design user interfaces for in-house developed software & customized interfaces for various
commercial packages & user productivity applications.
- Create a user friendly design that is easy to learn and use.
- Industry leaders Microsoft & IBM devote considerable resources to user interface researched.
- Microsoft’s Redmond labs where engineers observe volunteers
- Almaden Reasearch Center, IBM conducts usability testing & studies HCI.

Basic Principles of Understand the Underlying  Interface designer must understand the underlying business functions &
User-Centered Business Functions how the system supports individual, departmental, and enterprise goals
Design  Objective: to design an interface that helps to perform their jobs.
 Start by analyze a functional decomposition diagram (FDD)
~ a graphical representation of business functions that starts with major
functions and then breaks them down into several level of detail
 FDD can provide a checklist of user tasks that you must include in the
interface design.

Maximized Graphical  A well GUI design can help user to learn new system rapidly and work
Effectiveness with the system effectively
 In GUI environment user can display and work with multiple windows on
a single screen and transfer data between programs.
~ this is because GUI are used for data entry as well as for process control.

Profile the System’s Users  SA should understand user experience, knowledge, skill levels
 The interface should be flexible enough to accommodate novices as well
as experience users

Think like A User  Designer must learn to think like a user and see the system through their
eyes
 Need to use metaphor and terms that the users understand.
 Eg: for search function use a magnifying glass (everyone knows what it
means)

Use Prototype  From user’s viewpoints interface is most crucial part of the system design
because this is where they’ll interact with it, and perhaps for a long period
of time.
 So essential to construct models & prototypes for user approval
~ designer should obtain as much feedback as possible
 Can present initial design to the user using storyboard
~ storyboard: a sketch that shows the general screen layout & design
~ can be created using software or drawn freehand.
 User must test all aspects of the interface design & provide feedbacks to
the designers.
 User input (apa yg user nk dlm system dia) can be obtained in interviews,
via questionnaires & observation
 Interface designers also can obtain data called usability metrics
~software that can record and measure user interaction with the system.

Design a Comprehensive  UI should include all tasks, commands, & communications between users
Interface and the information system
 Objective: to offer a reasonable number of choices that a user easily can
comprehend.
 Too many choices can confuse the a user, but too few options increase the
number of submenu levels and complicate the navigational process.
 An effective strategy is to present the most common choice as a default,
but allow the user to select other options.

Continue the Feedback  After the system is operational, it’s important to monitor system usage and
Process solicit user suggestions.
~ this can determine if system features are being used as intended by
observing and surveying users.
 Full-scale operations highlight problems that were not apparent when the
prototype was tested.
 Based on user feedback Help screen might need revision & design changes
to allow the system to reach its full potential.

Document the Interface  Should document all screen design for later use by programmers
Design  If you’re using CASE tool or screen generator, number the screen designs
and save them in a hierarchy similar to a menu tree.
 User approve storyboard can also be used to document the user interface.

Guidelines for User

Focus on Basic
Objectives