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Lec 8 Domain of Vector Valued Function

Vector valued functions are used to describe curves and motion in space. A vector valued function is defined as r(t) = <f(t), g(t), h(t)>, where t is the parameter and f(t), g(t), h(t) are the individual components that vary with respect to t. The terminal points of the vectors generated by a vector valued function trace out a curve in 3D space. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to determine the domain of a vector valued function by analyzing the individual component functions.

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41 views

Lec 8 Domain of Vector Valued Function

Vector valued functions are used to describe curves and motion in space. A vector valued function is defined as r(t) = <f(t), g(t), h(t)>, where t is the parameter and f(t), g(t), h(t) are the individual components that vary with respect to t. The terminal points of the vectors generated by a vector valued function trace out a curve in 3D space. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to determine the domain of a vector valued function by analyzing the individual component functions.

Uploaded by

Mahad Elahi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture no.

8
Vector Valued Function
Here we study functions whose values are vectors because such functions are needed to
describe curves and surfaces in space. We will also use vector valued functions to describe the
motion of objects through space.

• A vector valued function is a function whose domain is the set of real numbers and
whose range is the set of vectors.
Vector Valued function is denoted by 𝑟⃗(𝑡)

𝑟⃗(𝑡) = 𝑓 (𝑡)𝑖⃗ + 𝑔(𝑡)𝑗⃗ + ℎ(𝑡)𝑘⃗⃗


Here 𝑡 is the parameter for some interval I on the common domain.
We can write 𝑟⃗(𝑡) as
𝑟⃗(𝑡) = 〈𝑓(𝑡), 𝑔(𝑡), ℎ(𝑡)〉

• The terminal point of a vector valued function creates a curve.


• A vector valued function is a parametrically defined function, which generates vectors
whose terminal points trace a curve in 3D.

For example, 𝑟⃗(0) = 〈−3,5,2〉 is a vector with

Terminal Point: (-3,5,2) and Initial Point: (0,0,0)

Domain of a Vector Valued Function


Example 1:
1
𝑟⃗(𝑡) = 〈√𝑡 , , ln 𝑡〉
𝑡−1
Solution: Domain of 𝑓(𝑡)= [0, ∞)
Domain of 𝑔(𝑡)= 𝑅\{1}
Domain of ℎ(𝑡)= (0, ∞)

Domain of 𝑟⃗(𝑡)= (0,1) ∪ (1, ∞)


Can you figure out two specific vectors?
Find the vectors for 𝑡 = 2,4

• 𝑡 = 2, 𝑟⃗(2) = 〈√2 ,1, 𝑙𝑛2〉


1
• 𝑡 = 4, 𝑟⃗(4) = 〈2, 3 , 𝑙𝑛4〉

Example 2:
𝑟⃗(𝑡) = 〈 𝑡, 𝑡 2 , 𝑡 3 〉
Solution:

Domain of 𝑓 (𝑡)= 𝑅
Domain of 𝑔(𝑡)= 𝑅
Domain of ℎ(𝑡)= 𝑅
Domain of 𝑟⃗(𝑡)= 𝑅

Example 3:
𝑟⃗(𝑡) = 〈𝑡 3 , ln (3 − 𝑡), √𝑡〉
Solution:
Domain of 𝑓 (𝑡)= 𝑅
Domain of 𝑔(𝑡)= (−∞, 3)
Domain of ℎ(𝑡)= [0, ∞)
Domain of 𝑟⃗(𝑡)= [0,3)

Example 4:
𝑟⃗(𝑡) = 〈√4 − 𝑡 2 , 𝑒 −3𝑡 , ln (𝑡 + 1)〉
Solution:

Domain of 𝑓 (𝑡): 4 − 𝑡2 ≥ 0
−𝑡 2 ≥ −4
𝑡2 ≤ 4
±𝑡 ≤ 2
Domain of 𝑓 (𝑡) = [−2,2]
Domain of 𝑔(𝑡)= 𝑅
Domain of ℎ(𝑡)= (−1, ∞)

Domain of 𝑟⃗(𝑡)= (−1,2]

Example 5:
𝑡−2
𝑟⃗(𝑡) = 𝑖̂ + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑗̂ + ln (9 − 𝑡 2 )𝑘̂
𝑡+2
Solution:
Domain of 𝑓 (𝑡)= 𝑅\{−2}
Domain of 𝑔(𝑡)= R

Domain of ℎ(𝑡) = ln (9 − 𝑡 2 )
9 − 𝑡2 > 0
−𝑡 2 > −9
𝑡2 < 9
±𝑡 < 3
Domain of ℎ(𝑡) = (−3,3)
Domain of 𝑟⃗(𝑡)= (−3, −2) ∪ (−2,3)

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