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Slide 04 Analysis Design

The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design, explaining that analysis focuses on understanding problems through idealized designs, behaviors, and requirements, while design focuses on solutions through operations, attributes, and code; it also outlines the analysis and design process, roles of architects and designers, and artifacts like use case models, design models, and software architecture documents.

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Nguyen Hoai Tam
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43 views20 pages

Slide 04 Analysis Design

The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design, explaining that analysis focuses on understanding problems through idealized designs, behaviors, and requirements, while design focuses on solutions through operations, attributes, and code; it also outlines the analysis and design process, roles of architects and designers, and artifacts like use case models, design models, and software architecture documents.

Uploaded by

Nguyen Hoai Tam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object-Oriented Analysis and Design

Lecture 4: Analysis and Design Overview


Objectives: Analysis and Design Overview
 Review the key Analysis and Design terms
and concepts
 Introduce the Analysis and Design process,
including roles, artifacts and workflow
 Explain the difference between Analysis
and Design

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 2


Analysis and Design in Context
The purposes of Analysis and Design
are to:
 Transform the requirements into a
design of the system-to-be.
 Evolve a robust architecture for the
system.
 Adapt the design to match the
implementation environment,
designing it for performance.

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 3


Analysis and Design Overview

Design Model
Use-Case Model Analysis
and Design

Architecture
Document
Glossary
Supplementary
Specification

Data Model
Object Oriented Analysis and Design 4
Analysis & Design Overview Topics
 Key Concepts
 Analysis and Design Workflow

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 5


Analysis Versus Design
 Analysis  Design
 Focus on  Focus on
understanding the understanding the
problem solution
 Idealized design  Operations and
 Behavior attributes
 System structure  Performance
 Functional  Close to real code
requirements  Object lifecycles
 A small model  Nonfunctional
requirements
 A large model

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 6


Analysis and Design Are Not Top-Down or Bottom-Up
Analysis and Design

Top
Down Subsystems

Use Cases Analysis Classes


(Define a
middle level)
Bottom
Up

Design Classes

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 7


What Is Architecture?
 Software architecture encompasses a set of
significant decisions about the organization
of a software system.
 Selection of the structural elements and their
interfaces by which a system is composed
 Behavior as specified in collaborations among
those elements
 Composition of these structural and behavioral
elements into larger subsystems
 Architectural style that guides this organization
Grady Booch, Philippe Kruchten, Rich Reitman, Kurt Bittner; Rational
(derived from Mary Shaw)

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 8


Architecture Constrains Design and Implementation
 Architecture involves a set of strategic
design decisions, rules or patterns that
constrain design and construction.

Code
Implementation
Design
Architecture

Architecture decisions are the most fundamental


decisions, and changing them will have significant effects.

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 9


Software Architecture: The “4+1 View” Model

Logical View Implementation View

End-user
Analysts/Designers Programmers
Structure Functionality
Software management
Use-Case View

Process View Deployment View


System integrators System engineering
Performance System topology
Scalability Delivery, installation
Throughput communication

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 10


Analysis & Design Overview Topics
 Key Concepts
 Analysis and Design Workflow

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 11


Analysis and Design Workflow
[Early
Elaboration [Inception
Iteration] Iteration (Optional)]

Define a Candidate Perform


Architecture Architectural
Synthesis

Analysis

Analyze Behavior

(Optional)
Refine the
Architecture

Design Define Design the


Components Database

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 12


Analysis and Design Activity Overview

Architect

Designer

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 13


Software Architect’s Responsibilities
 The
Software
Architect Analysis Model
leads and Architect
coordinates
technical
activities
Design Model
and artifacts.

Software
Reference Architecture
Deployment Model Architecture Document

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 14


Designer’s Responsibilities
 The designer
must know
use-case
modeling Use-Case
techniques, Realization Designer
system
requirements,
and software
design
techniques. Package/
Subsystem Class

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 15


Review: Analysis and Design Is Use-Case Driven
 Use cases defined for a system are the
basis for the entire development process.
 Benefits of use cases:
 Concise, simple, and understandable by a wide range
of stakeholders.
 Help synchronize the content of different models.

Check Balance

Customer

Withdraw Money

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 16


What Is a Use-Case Realization?
Use-Case Model Design Model

Use Case Use-Case Realization

Collaboration Diagrams
Sequence Diagrams

Use Case
Class Diagrams

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 17


Analysis and Design in an Iterative Process

Start of Use Case A Use Case B


iteration
Scenarios 1 & 2 Scenario 1

Use Case A
Scenario 3

Use-Case
Realization A

Use-Case
End of Realization A
iteration Use-Case
Realization B
Iteration n Iteration n + 1
Object Oriented Analysis and Design 18
Review: Analysis and Design Overview
 What is the purpose of the Analysis and
Design Discipline?
 What are the input and output artifacts?
 Name and briefly describe the 4+1 Views of
Architecture.
 What is the difference between Analysis
and Design?
 What is architecture?

Object Oriented Analysis and Design 19


Object Oriented Analysis and Design 20

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