Scribd
Upload
42 views18 pages

Lecture 2829multiple IntegralsDouble Integrals

1. Double integrals are used to calculate the integrals of functions with two variables over a region. 2. The order of integration does not matter if both limits are constant. If one limit is variable, integrate first with respect to the variable with variable limits. 3. Three examples are worked out, finding the double integrals of functions such as e^x and x^2+y^2 over different regions.

Uploaded by

James Prakash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
42 views18 pages

Lecture 2829multiple IntegralsDouble Integrals

1. Double integrals are used to calculate the integrals of functions with two variables over a region. 2. The order of integration does not matter if both limits are constant. If one limit is variable, integrate first with respect to the variable with variable limits. 3. Three examples are worked out, finding the double integrals of functions such as e^x and x^2+y^2 over different regions.

Uploaded by

James Prakash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

MTH165

Lecture-28/29

Multiple Integrals
(Double Integrals)
Unit 5: Multiple Integrals

(Book: Advanced Engineering Mathematics By Jain and Iyengar, Chapter-2)

Learning Outcomes:

1.To know about the concept of double integrals.

2. To calculate double integrals of various regions.


Multiple Integrals

Earlier: You studied integrals of the type:

න 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑎

Now: You will study the integrals of the type:

ඵ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ම 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑧


𝑅 𝐷

Which are called multiple integrals.


Double Integrals

Case 1. When limits of both the variables are constant.

𝑅 = { 𝑥, 𝑦 : 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏, 𝑐 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑑}. Rectangular Region

𝑑 𝑏 𝑏 𝑑
‫𝑓 𝑎=𝑥׬ 𝑐=𝑦׬‬ 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 = ‫𝑓 𝑐=𝑦׬ 𝑎=𝑥׬‬ 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
Note:

1. When limits of both the variables are constant.𝑅 = 𝑥, 𝑦 : 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏, 𝑐 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑑 ,


(Rectangular Region), the order of integration does not make any difference.

2. In case of constant limits:

𝑑 𝑏 𝑑 𝑏

න න 𝑓 𝑥 𝑔 𝑦 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 = න 𝑔 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 න 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑦=𝑐 𝑥=𝑎 𝑦=𝑐 𝑥=𝑎
𝑑 𝑏
Problem 1. The value of integral ‫𝑦𝑑𝑥𝑑 𝑎׬ 𝑐׬‬ is:

𝑑 𝑏
Solution. Let 𝐼 = ‫𝑦𝑑𝑥𝑑 𝑎׬ 𝑐׬‬

𝑑 𝑏
= ‫𝑐=𝑦׬‬ ‫𝑥𝑑 𝑎=𝑥׬‬ 𝑑𝑦

𝑑
= ‫𝑐=𝑦׬‬ 𝑥 𝑏𝑎 𝑑𝑦

𝑑
= (𝑏 − 𝑎) ‫𝑦𝑑 𝑐=𝑦׬‬

= (𝑏 − 𝑎) 𝑦 𝑑
𝑐

= (𝑏 − 𝑎)(𝑑 − 𝑐) Answer.
1 2
Problem 2. The value of integral ‫=𝑦׬‬0 ‫=𝑥׬‬0 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 is:

1 2
Solution. Let 𝐼 = ‫=𝑦׬‬0 ‫=𝑥׬‬0 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦

1 2
= ‫=𝑦׬‬0 𝑦𝑑𝑦 ‫=𝑥׬‬0 𝑥𝑑𝑥

1 2 2
𝑦2 𝑥
=
2 0 2 0

1 4
= −0 −0
2 2

=1 Answer.
Polling Quiz
1 2
The value of integral ‫=𝑦׬‬0 ‫=𝑥׬‬0 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 is:

(A) 𝑒2 − 1
(B) 𝑒−1
(C) 𝑒2 + 1
(D) 𝑒2
Case 2. When the limits of 𝑥 are constant, but limits of 𝑦 are variable:
𝑅 = { 𝑥, 𝑦 : 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏, 𝜑1 (𝑥) ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝜑2 (𝑥)}.

In such cases we always integrate first with respect to the variable which is
having variable limits, then with respect to the variable having constant
limits.

𝑏 𝜑2 (𝑥)
‫𝑎=𝑥׬‬ ‫𝑓 )𝑥( 𝜑=𝑦׬‬ 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
1
Case 3. When the limits of 𝑦 are constant, but limits of 𝑥 are variable:
𝑅 = { 𝑥, 𝑦 : 𝑐 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑑, 𝜑1 (𝑦) ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜑2 (𝑦)}.

In such cases we always integrate first with respect to the variable which is
having variable limits, then with respect to the variable having constant
limits.

𝑑 𝜑2 (𝑦)
‫𝑐=𝑦׬‬ ‫𝑓 )𝑦( 𝜑=𝑥׬‬ 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
1
2 𝑥/2 𝑥 2
Problem 1. Evaluate ‫=𝑥׬‬0 ‫=𝑦׬‬0 𝑒 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥

2 𝑥/2 𝑥 2
Solution. Let 𝐼 = ‫=𝑥׬‬0 ‫=𝑦׬‬0 𝑒 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥

2 𝑥/2 𝑥 2
= ‫=𝑥׬‬0 ‫=𝑦׬‬0 𝑒 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

2 𝑥/2
𝑥2
= ‫=𝑥׬‬0 𝑦𝑒 0
𝑑𝑥

2 𝑥 𝑥2
= ‫=𝑥׬‬0 2 𝑒 𝑑𝑥

1 2 𝑥 2
= ‫׬‬ 2𝑥𝑒 𝑑𝑥
4 𝑥=0
1 2 𝑥 2
𝐼= ‫׬‬ 2𝑥𝑒 𝑑𝑥
4 𝑥=0

1 2
𝑥2
= 𝑒
0
4

1
= 𝑒4 − 𝑒0
4

1
= 𝑒4 − 1 Answer.
4
1 𝑦
Problem 2. Evaluate ‫=𝑦׬‬0 ‫=𝑥׬‬0 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦

1 𝑦
Solution. Let 𝐼 = ‫=𝑦׬‬0 ‫=𝑥׬‬0 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦

1 𝑦
= ‫=𝑦׬‬0 ‫=𝑥׬‬0 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦

𝑦
1 𝑥3
= ‫=𝑦׬‬0 3 + 𝑦2𝑥 𝑑𝑦
0

1 𝑦3
= ‫=𝑦׬‬0 3 + 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦
4 1
= ‫׬‬
3 𝑦=0
𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦
4 1
𝐼= ‫׬‬ 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦
3 𝑦=0

1
4 𝑦4
=
3 4 0

1
= (1)4 −0
3

1
= Answer.
3
Polling Quiz
If the limits of integration are constants that is 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑎, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑏, 𝑎 ≠ 𝑏,
then region of integration is:
(A) Rectangular
(B) Circular
(C) Triangular
(D) Parabolic
3 5𝑥 𝑦 2
Problem 3. Evaluate ‫׬‬1 ‫׬‬4𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥

3 5𝑥 𝑦 2
Solution. Let 𝐼 = ‫׬‬1 ‫׬‬4𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥

31 5𝑥 2
= ‫׬‬1 𝑥 ‫׬‬4𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

3 1 𝑦 3 5𝑥
= ‫׬‬1 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥
4𝑥

31 5𝑥 3 4𝑥 3
= ‫׬‬1 𝑥 3
− 3
𝑑𝑥

1 1 61 3
= ‫=𝑦׬‬0 𝑥 3 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
61 3 2
𝐼= ‫𝑥𝑑 𝑥 ׬‬
3 1

3
61 𝑥 3
=
3 3 1

61
= (3)3 −(1)3
9

1586
= Answer.
9

You might also like