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DBMS Assignment - 3

The document discusses implementing various PL/SQL concepts like procedures, functions, views, exceptions, triggers and cursors. It provides code examples for a procedure and function to swap two values, a view to select student records, exception handling for division by zero, an audit trigger for an employee table and a cursor to iterate through records in a student table. The code examples are accompanied by output sections.

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parteek singhal
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39 views

DBMS Assignment - 3

The document discusses implementing various PL/SQL concepts like procedures, functions, views, exceptions, triggers and cursors. It provides code examples for a procedure and function to swap two values, a view to select student records, exception handling for division by zero, an audit trigger for an employee table and a cursor to iterate through records in a student table. The code examples are accompanied by output sections.

Uploaded by

parteek singhal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mohan Aggarwal MCA – 1B

ASSIGNMENT – 3
IMPLEMENTING TRIGGERS, PROCEDURES, FUNCTIONS, VIEWS.
QUESTION 1: Write a procedure using pl/sql to implement swapping two values.
CODE:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SWAP_PROC(A IN OUT INTEGER, B IN OUT
INTEGER) AS
TEMP INTEGER;
BEGIN
TEMP := A;
A := B;
B := TEMP;
END;
/

DECLARE
X INTEGER := 5;
Y INTEGER := 7;
BEGIN
SWAP_PROC(X, Y);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('X = ' || X || ', Y = ' || Y);
END;
/
Mohan Aggarwal MCA – 1B

OUTPUT:

QUESTION 2: Write a function to implement swap two values.


CODE:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION SWAP_FUNC(A IN OUT INTEGER, B IN OUT
INTEGER) RETURN VARCHAR IS
TEMP INTEGER;
BEGIN
TEMP := A;
A := B;
B := TEMP;
RETURN 'A = ' || A || ', B = ' || B;
END SWAP_FUNC;
/

DECLARE
A INTEGER := 5;
B INTEGER := 7;
STR VARCHAR(50);
Mohan Aggarwal MCA – 1B

BEGIN
STR := SWAP_FUNC(A, B);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(STR);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('A = ' || A);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('B = ' || B);
END;
/

OUTPUT:

QUESTION 3: Implement the concept of views.


CODE:
CREATE VIEW DETAILS AS
SELECT NAME, ADDRESS
FROM STUDENT
WHERE SID < 5;
Mohan Aggarwal MCA – 1B

OUTPUT:

CODE:
SELECT * FROM DETAILS;

OUTPUT:
Mohan Aggarwal MCA – 1B

QUESTION 4: Implement the concept of exception handling.


CODE:
DECLARE
A INTEGER := 10;
B INTEGER := 0;
ANSWER INTEGER;
BEGIN
ANSWER := A/B;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(ANSWER));

EXCEPTION WHEN ZERO_DIVIDE THEN


DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ERROR: DIVISION BY ZERO');
END;
/

OUTPUT:

QUESTION 5: Implement the audit trigger.


CODE:
Mohan Aggarwal MCA – 1B

CREATE TRIGGER EMP_UPDATE


BEFORE UPDATE ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF UPDATING THEN
INSERT INTO AUDIT_EMP VALUES(:OLD.ENO, SYSDATE, 'UPDATE');
END IF;
END;
/

UPDATE EMP SET ENO = 5 WHERE ENO = 3;


SELECT * FROM AUDIT_EMP;

OUTPUT:

QUESTION 6: Implement one example of cursor.


CODE:
DECLARE
S_ID STUDENT.SID%TYPE;
Mohan Aggarwal MCA – 1B

S_NAME STUDENT.NAME%TYPE;
S_ADDR STUDENT.ADDRESS%TYPE;
CURSOR S_STUDENT IS
SELECT SID, NAME, ADDRESS FROM STUDENT;
BEGIN
OPEN S_STUDENT;
LOOP
FETCH S_STUDENT INTO S_ID, S_NAME, S_ADDR;
EXIT WHEN S_STUDENT%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(S_ID || ' ' || S_NAME || ' ' || S_ADDR);
END LOOP;
CLOSE S_STUDENT;
END;
/

OUTPUT:

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