7

SCIENCE
Second Quarter – Module 1
Parts and Functions of the Microscope
The Microscope:
Parts and their Functions

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Science – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Quarter – Module 1: The Microscope: Parts and their Functions
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort
has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over
them.

Published by the Department of Education – Region 10

Regional Director: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Micha Cristy L. Elumbaring

Reviewers: Marisa M. Olarte, Charisma F. Mangharal Julmar I. Pacarat
Evaluators: Marisol P. Moreno Maricel B. Compania Grace S. Doong
Michelle S. Balat Norlyn Q. Lobido Gloria V. Salvacion
Rizza Mae L. Serino
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Micha Cristy L. Elumbaring Remegio C. Adlaon Jr.
Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
Asst. Regional Director
Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI
Schools Division Superintendent
Eugene I. Macahis Jr.
OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD

Members Marie Emerald A. Cabigas, Ph.D., EPS-LRMS

Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Marites A. Caguindangan, EPS - Science
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Asela I. Elumbareng, EdD, PSDS
Nelia T. Lanzaderas, PhD, Principal III/District In-
charge
Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II
Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Region 10
Office Address: Zone 1, DepEd Building, Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang
Cagayan de Oro City
Contact Number: (088) 880 – 7072
E-mail Address: [email protected]

7
SCIENCE
Second Quarter – Module 1
The Microscope:
Parts and their Functions

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public secondary schools of the Division of Misamis
Occidental. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education – Region 10 at region10@ deped.gov.ph.

Your feedback and recommendations are highly valued.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message

For the learner:

Welcome to the Science 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The
Microscope: Parts and their Functions!

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create,
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you are
capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to
Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what
you already know about the lesson to take. If you get
all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to
skip this module.

This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

What’s In
current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

What’s New
you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem,
a problem opener, an activity, or a situation.

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.

What is It This aims to help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to

What’s More
solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You

iv
may check the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have This includes questions or blank

Learned sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to process what
you learned from the lesson.

This section provides an activity that will help you

What I Can Do
transfer new knowledge or skill to real life situations
or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

Assessment
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Additional enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.
Activities This also tends the retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

This is a list of all sources used in

References
developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use your Science activity notebook in answering all activities.
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task and finish them before
proceeding to the next.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the task and checkin your answer.

4. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

v
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

Table of Contents

What I Need to Know ---------------------- 1

What I Know ---------------------- 2

Lesson: Parts of the Microscope and their Functions

What’s In

Activity 1: Arrange Me ---------------------- 4

What’s New

Activity 2: Say My Name ---------------------- 4

What is It ---------------------- 5

What’s More

Activity 3: That’s My Job ---------------------- 7

What I Have Learned ---------------------- 8

What I Can Do ---------------------- 9

Assessment ---------------------- 10

Additional Activities ---------------------- 12

Answer Key ---------------------- 13

References ---------------------- 14

vi
What I Need to Know

The wonders of the microbial world cannot be viewed without the use of a
scientific instrument called microscope. It is an instrument designed to produce
magnified visual or photographic images of objects which make learning more
interesting and engaging.

This module is designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the nature of Biology. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course, but the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you should be able to identify the parts of
the microscope and their functions (S7LT-IIa-1), specifically:

1. identify the three (3) main parts of the microscope according to

their functions; and
2. describe the function of each part of the microscope.

1
What I Know

Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the best answer from the
given choices. Write the letter of your answer in your Science activity
notebook.

1. Which of the following instruments is used to view a plant cell?

A. Kaleidoscope B. Microscope C. Periscope D. Telescope

2. What part of the compound microscope holds the objective lenses?

A. Adjustment knob B. Arm C. Diaphragm D. Nosepiece

3. Which two parts of the compound microscope magnify the image of an object?

A. Eyepiece and mirror C. Eyepiece and objective

B. Objectives and mirror D. Objectives and diaphragm
4. Which statement below describes the function of the diaphragm?
A. It changes the amount of light reflected.
B. It focuses on the specimen in the glass slide.
C. It reflects light from the mirror, lenses and objects to be observed.
D. It regulates the amount of light reflected in the object being viewed.

5. What is the function of the mirror in a microscope?

A. It bends light. C. It refracts light.
B. It reflects light. D. It captures light.
6. Which part of a microscope is used as a flat surface where the mounted slide
is placed?
A. Eyepiece C. Objective Lens
B. Fine Adjustment D. Stage s
7. How many objective lenses are there in a compound microscope?
A. 1 B.2 C. 3 D. 4
8. Which of the following parts of a compound microscope allows movement of
the body tube upward or downward?
A. Stage C. Fine Adjustment
B. Eyepiece D. Coarse Adjustment

2
9. Which of the following belongs to the mechanical parts of a compound
microscope?
A. Base B. Diaphragm C. Mirror D. Objective

10. When lifting or moving the microscope, which part will you use?
A. Arm and Base
B. Base and Stage
C. Body Tube and Eyepiece
D. Objectives and Revolving Nosepiece

For items 11-12, refer to the diagram of a compound microscope below.

C
A
D

B E

11. What part of the microscope is with label B?

A. Base B. Body tube C. Eyepiece D. Mirror

12. Which of the labeled parts serves as a lens attached to the body tube?
A. E B. D C. C D. B
13. Which of the following supports the body tube and holds the microscope?
A. Arm B. Base C. Inclination Joint D. Stage
14. Who is recognized as the “Father of Microscopy”?
A. Anton Van Leeuwheok C. Robert Hooke
B. Hans Janssen D. Zacharias Janssen
15. Which of the following is used as a flat surface where the mounted slide is
placed?
A. Fine Adjustment C. Stage
B. Mirror D. Stage Clip

3
Lesson
Parts of the Microscope
and their Functions

What’s In

Activity 1: Arrange Me!

Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters to know the name of the scientist who is
known as the Father of Microscopy. Write your answer in your
Science activity notebook.

TNANO AVN KEOHNEWUEEL

Figure 1. The Father of Microscopy

Source: https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/
10.1063/pt.5.031335/full/

What’s New

Activity 2 : Say My Name!

Directions: Fill in the box below with the missing letters using the six (6) pictures as
CLUE. Write your answers in your Science activity notebook.

+MI -S +C +O +P +E

M I ____ ____ ____ ____ C ____ ____ E

4
What is It

A microscope is an instrument that can help you see objects and living
organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. The image of an object is
magnified through at least one lens in the microscope. This lens bends light toward
the eye and makes an object appears larger than it actually is.

It consists of three main parts which are grouped according to their functions,
namely: mechanical, illuminating, and magnifying parts.

1. Mechanical Parts - used to support and adjust other parts of the microscope
a. Base
b. Body tube
c. Coarse adjustment knob
d. Fine adjustment knob
e. Inclination joint
f. Stage
g. Stage clip
h. Revolving nosepiece

2. Illuminating Parts - used to regulate the amount of light towards the focus
specimen
a. Diaphragm
b. Stage condenser
c. Mirror

3. Magnifying Parts - used to magnify or enlarge the image of the specimen in

focus
a. Eyepiece
b. Objective lenses
 Scanner objective
 Low Power objective
 High Power objective
 Oil Immersion objective

5
Parts of the Compound Microscope and their Functions

It is a lens that is
Body Tube/
attached to a draw
It allows the Draw Tube
tube.
movement of the tube
upwards or
It is a tube that
downwards.
separates the objective
and the eyepiece and
assumes the continuous
alignment of the optics.

It is used to bring
the specimen into Revolving Nosepiece
sharp focus under
low power.
It is responsible for
holding the objective
lenses (HPO, LPO,
Oil Immersion and
Scanner). It facilitates
the changing of
objectives.
It is a curve shape
that supports the
body tube. It is used Objectives: Scanner,
in holding the HPO, LPO, Oil
microscope. Immersion

It magnifies the
image of the
specimen.

Stage Clip
It connects the arm
to the base. It helps
It holds the glass slide
incline the in place.
microscope for a
comfortable viewing.
Mirror
Stage
It allows the light to
pass through the hole It is a flat surface
in the stage and where the mounted
It provides support to
illuminate the slide is placed.
the microscope.
specimen.

Figure 2. The Compound Microscope

6
What’s More

Activity 3: That’s My Job!

Directions: Given the parts of the microscope in Column A, describe its function as
mechanical, illuminating, and magnifying in Column B. Write your
answers in your Science activity notebook. (Number 1 is done for you.)

Column A Column B

\
Parts of a Compound Microscope Function

1. Objectives
Magnifying

2. Coarse
Adjustment Knob

3.Stage

4. Mirror

5.Diaphragm

6. Stage Clip

7
What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the paragraphs below with the parts of a compound

microscope listed in the word box. Write your answers in your Science
activity notebook.

WORD BOX

arm diaphragm inclination joint mirror

base eyepiece objectives stage
body tube fine microscope

The compound microscope consists of three main parts: mechanical,

illuminating, and magnifying parts. Its mechanical parts provide support to all other
1
parts of the microscope. The _______ holds the objectives and revolving nosepiece
in place. The coarse adjustment knob allows the movement of the tube upward or
downward. On the other hand, the 2______ brings the specimen into sharp focus.
The3 ______ and stage clips support and hold the specimen in place.4 The _______
5
provides support to the compound microscope while the curve-shaped _______ is
6 The ______ supports the
used for holding the microscope when transporting.
compound microscope when it is in an inclined position.

The illuminating part consists of the ______

7 which allows light to pass through
8
the ______ and controls the amount of light. 9 the
The magnifying part includes
10 the
______ which is a lens attached to a body tube. The specimens are magnified by
______ which are classified into Scanner, Low Power Objective (LPO), High Power
Objective (HPO), and Oil immersion.

8
What I Can Do

:
Directions: Identify the parts of the compound microscope below and write your
answers in your Science activity notebook.

14
1
13

2 12

11
3

4 10

9
5
8
6

7
Figure 3. The Compound Microscope

Assessment

9
Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the best answer from the
given choices. Write the letter of your answer in your Science activity
notebook.

1. What is the function of the mirror in a microscope?

A. It bends light. C. It refracts light.

B. It reflects light. D. It captures light.

2. How many objective lenses are there in a compound microscope?

A. 1 B.2 C. 3 D. 4

3. Which of the following parts of a compound microscope allows movement of the

body tube upward or downward?
A. Stage C. Fine Adjustment
B. Eyepiece D. Coarse Adjustment
4. Which of the following belongs to the mechanical parts of a compound microscope?
A. Base B. Diaphragm C. Mirror D. Objective

5. Which part of a microscope serves as a flat surface to hold the mounted slide in
position?

A. Eyepiece C. Objective Lens

B. Fine Adjustment D. Stage

6. Which of the following instruments is used to view a plant cell?

A. Kaleidoscope C. Periscope
B. Microscope D. Telescope
7. When lifting or moving the microscope, which part will you use?
A. Arm and Base C. Body Tube and Eyepiece
C. Base and Stage D. Revolving Nosepiece and Arm

8. What part of the compound microscope holds the objective lenses?

A. Adjustment knob B. Arm C. Diaphragm D. Nosepiece
For items 9-10, refer to the diagram of a compound microscope below.

C
A
10 D
9. What part of the microscope is with label C?
A. Base B. Body tube C. Eyepiece D. Mirror

10. Which of the following labeled parts serves as a lens attached to the body
tube?
A. E B. D C. C D. B

11. Which two parts of the compound microscope magnify the image of an object?
A. Eyepiece and mirror C. Eyepiece and objectives
B. Objectives and mirror D. Objectives and diaphragm
12. Which statement below describes the function of the diaphragm?
A. It changes the amount of light reflected.
B. It focuses on the specimen in the glass slide.
C. It reflects light from the mirror, lenses and objects to be observed.
D. It regulates the amount of light reflected in the object being viewed.

13. Which of the following parts supports the body tube and holds the microscope?

A. Arm B. Base C. Inclination Joint D. Stage

14. Who is recognized as the “Father of Microscopy”?

A. Anton Van Leeuwheok C. Robert Hooke
B. Hans Janssen D. Zacharias Janssen
15. Which of the following is used to hold the glass slide in place and prevent it from
moving?

A. Fine Adjustment B. Mirror C. Stage D. Stage Clip

Additional Activities
11
Directions: Match the parts of the microscope in Column A with its functions in
Column B. Write the letter of your answers in your Science activity
notebook.

Column A Column B
1. Mirror A. serves as a flat surface where the
mounted slide is placed

2. Coarse Adjustment Knob B. magnifies the object being viewed

3. Stage C. reflects light through the object

4. Objective Lenses D. revolves and carries different lenses

5. Fine Adjustment Knob E. contains lens at the top through

Which the viewer can look through

6. Eyepiece F. allows movement of the body tube

upward or downward

7. Revolving Nosepiece G. brings the specimen into sharp focus

8. Stage Clip H. holds the glass slide in place

Congratulations! You have completed Module 1.

12
13
Books
References
What I Know What’s New What I Have Learned
1. B 6. D 11. D MICROSCOPE 1. Body tube
2. D 7. D 12. C 2. Fine adjustment
3. C 8. D 13. B What’s More knob
4. D 9. A 14. A 3. Stage
5. B 10. A 15. D 1. Magnifying 4. Base
2. Mechanical 5. Arm
What’s In 3. Mechanical
4. Illuminating
6. Inclination Joint
ANTON VAN 5. Illuminating 7. Mirror
LEEUWENHOEK 6. Mechanical 8. Diaphragm
9. Eyepiece
10. Objectives
What I Can Do
1. Body tube
2. Arm
Assessment
3. LPO / Low Power
Objective 1. B 11. C
4. HPO/High Power Additional Activity
2. D 12. D
Objective
5. Stage Clip 3. D 13. B 1. C
6. Diaphragm 4. A 14. A 2. F
7. Base
8. Inclination joint 5. D 15. D 3. A
9. Mirror 6. B 4. B
10. Stage
11. Revolving nosepiece 7. A 5. G
12. Fine adjustment 8. D 6. E
knob
13. Coarse adjustment 9. C 7. D
knob 10. C 8. H
14. Ocular / eyepiece
Asuncion, Alvie J., et.al, Department of Education-Instructional Materials Council
Secretariat (DepEdIMCS), First Edition, 2013

Department of Education. Science & Technology – Learner’s Manual.

Hwa, K.S., Sao-Ee, G., & Luan, K. S. Mt pals are here! 6A science.
(International Ed.). Singapore: Marshall Cavendish, 2010

Miller, K.R., & Levine, L. Prentice Hall biology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson,
2006

Philippines. Department of Education. Science and Technology II textbook. (Rev.

ed.). Pasig City: Instructional Materials Development Corporation. 2009

Reyes, V.F. & Alfonso, L.G. The Microscope: Part 1, Manila, Alimar- Phoenix
Publishing House., 1979

Teaching Guide for Junior High School,First Edition, 2013

Links/Websites

Adam Johnson. Parts of the Microscope and Their Uses. April 28, 2018.
https://sciencing.com/parts-microscope-uses-7431114.html. Retrieved May 26,
2020.

Coarse Adjustment Knob. http://hopepestcontrolcompany.com/absensi-nline/coarse-

focus-knob-function.html. Retrieved on June 01, 2020.

CheggPrep. https://www.chegg.com/flashcards/biology-5-experiment-1-microscope-
and-the-cell-ecc09cdb-35ca-4a98-8c75-
5f28ce48276f/deck?referrer=https://www.studyblue.com. Retrieved on June 01,
2020.

CheggPrep. https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/1-total-
magnification-calculated-adding-magnification-objective-ocular-lens--true-b-
false--q55637564. Retrieved on June 01, 2020.

How to use microscope. Microbus.2020. www.microscope

microscope.org/activities/school/microscope-use.htm
Retrieved on June 1, 2020.
14
Home Science Tools. https://learning-
center.homesciencetools.com/article/introductory-microscope-experiments-
science-lesson/. Retrieved on June 01, 2020.

Microbe Notes. Parts of a Compound Microscope and Labeled Diagram.

https://microbenotes.com/parts-of-a-microscope/. Retrieved on June 1,
2020.

Microscope Blog. 1222 McDowell Avenue, Roanoke, VA

24012.https://www.microscope.com/compound-microscopeparts.Retrieved
June 2, 2020

Microscope parts and functions. Amscope. 2020.https//www.

Amscope.com/cobblearning.net/dist/3/4204/files/2018/parts-of-theMicroscope-
103b21p.pdf.Retrieved May 26, 2020.

Microscope 101-General Knowledge. Microscope LLC.

https://www.microscope.com/education-center/microscopes-
101/history-of-microscopes

National Geographic. Microscopes.

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/microscopes/. Retrieved on
June 1, 2020.
Science Quiz.net.http://www.sciencequiz.net.weebly.com.Retrieved June 27, 2020
Shannan Muskopf. Microscope Introduction “e” lab. August 25, 2018.

www.biologycorner.com/bio1/microscope.html Retrieved on June 1, 2020.

15
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region 10

Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang

Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: [email protected]