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REPAIR AND CATEGORY L T P CREDIT

YEAR OF
CET456 REHABILITATION OF INTRODUCTION

BUILDINGS PEC 3 0 0 3 2019

Preamble : Repair and Rehabilitation of Buildings is an elective course in the study of construction
engineering. The course provides basic idea and needs of maintenance, repair , rehabilitation and
strengthening measures of building structures and helps students to identify various deterioration
mechanisms or damage mechanisms in buildings . The course introduces both scientific aspects and
its practical applications at the site. Various non-destructive techniques and semi destructive
techniques are introduced in this course, for damage diagnosis and assessment of a structure at the
site. Several practices for maintenance and rehabilitation like surface repair, corrosion protection,
structural strengthening and stabilization, etc. are discussed in details. At the end of the course
students will be able to suggest evaluation and repair/maintenance methods for extending the
service life of buildings.

Prerequisite : CET 303 Design of Concrete Structures

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to

Course
Description of Course Outcome Prescribed
Outcome
learning level
Recall the basics ideas and theories associated with
CO1 Remembering
Concrete technology and Masonry structures.
Understand the need and methodology of repair and
CO2 rehabilitation of structures, the various mechanisms used, and Understanding
tools for diagnosis of structures
Identifying the criterions for repairing / maintenance and the
types and properties of repair materials used in site. Learn
CO3 Understanding
various techniques for repairing dam- aged and corroded
structures
Proposing wholesum solutions for maintenance/re-
CO4 habilitation and applying methodologies for repair- ing Applying
structures or demolishing structures.

Analyse and asses the damage to structures using various

CO5 Analysing
tests
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Mapping of course outcomes with program outcomes (Minimum requirement)

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

CO1 1
CO2 3 2 2
CO3 3 2 3 3 2 1
CO4 3 1 3 2 1
CO5 3 2 2 1 2 2

Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tests
Bloom’s Category End Semester Examination
1 2
Remember 10 10 10
Understand 20 20 40
Apply 10 10 20
Evaluate
Analyse 10 10 30
Create

Mark distribution

Total Marks CIE ESE ESE

Duration

150 50 100 3 hours

Continuous Internal Evaluation Pattern:

Attendance : 10
Continuous Assessment Test (2 numbers) : 25
marks Assignment/Quiz/Course project : 15

End Semester Examination Pattern: There will be two parts; Part A and Part B. Part A contain 10
questions with 2 questions from each module, having 3 marks for each question. Students should
answer all questions. Part B contains 2 questions from each module of which student should answer
any one. Each question carries 14 marks and can have maximum 2 sub-divisions.
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Course Level Assessment (Sample) Questions

CO1: Recall the basics ideas and theories associated with Concrete technology and Masonry structures.

1. Discuss in details thermal properties of concrete

2. Discuss in detail the quality assurance for Concrete Construction
3. Write a brief note on permeability concrete
4. What are the factors affecting the durability of concrete?
5. Write a short note on effect of cover thickness?

CO2: Understand the need and methodology of repair and rehabilitation of structures, the various
mechanisms used ,and tools for diagnosis of structures

1. What is underpinning?
2. Discuss the step by step procedure for epoxy injection to repair cracks in concrete
3. Briefly explain the various types of corrosion inhibitors
4. Enlist Strengthening Techniques and discuss the factors affecting strengthening methods
5. In which situation self compacting concrete is desirable?

CO3: Identifying the criterions for repairing / maintenance and the types and properties of repair
materials used in site. Learn various techniques for repairing damaged and corroded structures

1. How do you classify maintenance of a structure?

2. What is overlay?
3. Elucidate Cathodic Protection of Steel Concrete?

CO4: Proposing wholesum solutions for maintenance/rehabilitation and applying methodologies for
repairing structures or demolishing structures.

1. How can you develop a demolition strategy?

2. Describe a detailed assessment procedure for evaluating a damaged structure using a flow
chart
3. How do you repair and rehabilitate a structure distressed due to fire.

CO5: Analyse and asses the damage to structures using various tests

1. Explain any three Non Destructive Tests used to test the strength of Concrete
2. What are partial destructive tests. Explain any one of them.
3. With a graph explain the service life behaviour of a concrete structure. Also explain in detail
about time based maintenance
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Syllabus
Module 1
Introduction - Maintenance, rehabilitation, repair, retrofit and strengthening, need for
rehabilitation of structures. Cracks in R.C. buildings - Various cracks in R.C. buildings,
causes and effects Damages to masonry structures - Various damages to masonry structures
and causes

Module 2
Damage diagnosis and assessment - Various aspects of Inspection, Assessment procedure for
evaluating a damaged structure, Visual inspection, Non Destructive Testing using Rebound
hammer, Ultra sonic pulse velocity, Semi destructive testing, Probe test, Pull out test,
Chloride penetration test, Carbonation, Carbonation depth testing, Corrosion activity
measurement, Core test, Load test.

Module 3
Strength and Durability of Concrete - Quality assurance for concrete – Strength, Durability
and Thermal properties of concrete – Effects due to climate, temperature, Sustained elevated
temperature, Corrosion - effects of cover thickness. Substrate preparation - Importance of
substrate/surface preparation, General surface preparation methods and procedure,
reinforcing steel cleaning.

Module 4
Maintenance - Maintenance importance of maintenance, routine and preventive maintenance.
Repair materials -Various repair materials, Criteria for material selection, Methodology of
selection, Health and Safety precautions for handling and applications of repair materials.
Special mortars and concretes- Polymer concrete, Sulphur infiltrated concrete, Fibre
reinforced concrete, High strength concrete, High performance concrete, Vacuum concrete,
Self compacting concrete, Self-healing concrete, Geopolymer concrete, Reactive powder
concrete, Concrete made with industrial wastes, Polymer Concrete and Mortar, Quick setting
compounds, Gunite and Shotcrete, Expansive cement, Ferro cement, Concrete chemicals.
Grouting materials - Gas forming grouts, Salfoaluminate grouts, Polymer grouts, Acrylate
and Urethane grouts.
Bonding agents - Latex emulsions, Epoxy bonding agents.
Protective coatings - Protective coatings for Concrete and
Steel. FRP sheets

Module 5
Crack repair - Various methods of crack repair, Grouting, Routing and sealing, Stitching, Dry
packing, Autogenous healing, Overlays, Repair to active cracks, Repair to dormant cracks.
Corrosion of embedded steel in concrete - Corrosion of embedded steel in concrete,
Mechanism, Stages ofcorrosion damage, Repair of various corrosion damaged of structural
elements (slab, beam and columns) , Cathodic protection.
Jacketing - Jacketing, Column jacketing, Beam jacketing, Beam Column joint jacketing,
Reinforced concrete jackets, Steel jacketing, FRP jacketing.
Strengthening - Strengthening of Structural elements, fire, Leakage, earthquake, Epoxy
injection, Shoring, Underpinning.
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Demolition Techniques - Non-explosive demolition, and Explosive demolition, engineered

demolition techniques for dilapidated structures - Wrecking Ball Method, Concrete Sawing
Method, Top down method, Hydraulic crusher, Implosion by delayed detonation technique

Text Books:

1. Concrete repair and maintenance Illustrated by Peter.H.Emmons, Galgotia publications Pvt.

Ltd., 2001.
2. Repair and protection of concrete structures by Noel P.Mailvaganam, CRC Press, 1991.
3. “Earthquake resistant design of structures” by Pankaj agarwal, Manish shrikande, PHI, 2006.
4. “Concrete Structures, Materials, Maintenance and Repair”, Denison Campbell, Allen and
Harold Roper, Longman Scientific and Technical UK, 1991.
5. Repair of Concrete Structures, Allen R.T. & Edwards S.C, Blakie and Sons,
UK, 1987

References:

1. Failures and repair of concrete structures by S.Champion, John Wiley and Sons, 1961.
2. Diagnosis and treatment of structures in distress by R.N.Raikar Published by R & D
Centre of Structural Designers and Consultants Pvt.Ltd, Mumbai.
3. Handbook on repair and rehabilitation of RCC buildings, CPWD, Government of India.
4. Handbook on seismic retrofit of buildings, A. Chakrabarti et.al., Narosa Publishing House,
2010
5. “Concrete Technology – Theory and Practice”, ShettyM.S., S.Chand and Company, 2008.
6. “Design and Construction Failures”, Dov Kominetzky.M.S., Galgotia Publications Pvt. Ltd.,
2001
7. “Structural Health Monitoring, Repair and Rehabilitation of Concrete Structures”,
Ravishankar.K., Krishnamoorthy.T.S, Allied Publishers, 2004.
8. Hand book on Seismic Retrofit of Buildings, CPWD and Indian Buildings Congress,
Narosa Publishers, 2008.
9. “Concrete Technology”, Gambhir.M.L., McGraw Hill, 2013
10. “Self-Healing Concrete”, David J. Fisher, Materials Research Forum LLC, 20-May-2021
11. “Demolition: Practices, Technology, and Management”, Richard J. Diven, Mark Shaurette,
2011
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Course Contents and Lecture Schedule

Course No. of
Module Topic Course
Outcomes Lectures
Addressed
1 Module I : Total lecture hours : 6
Introduction - Maintenance, rehabilitation,
1.1 repair, retrofit and strengthening, need for CO1 , CO2 1
rehabilitation of structures
Cracks in R.C. buildings - Various cracks in R.C.
1.2 CO2 2
buildings, causes and effects
Damages to masonry structures - Various
1.3 CO1 3
damages to masonry structures and causes
2 Module II : Total lecture hours : 8
Damage diagnosis and assessment - Various
2.1 aspects of Inspection, Assessment procedure for CO2 , CO4, CO5 2
evaluating a damaged structure
Visual inspection, Non Destructive Testing using
2.2 CO2 ,CO4 2
Rebound hammer, Ultra sonic pulse velocity,
Semi destructive testing , Probe test, Pull out
2.3 CO2, CO4 2
test, Chloride penetration test, Carbonation,
Carbonation depth testing, Corrosion activity
2.4 CO2 , CO4 2
measurement, Core test, Load test.
3 Module III : Total lecture hours : 7
Strength and Durability of Concrete - Quality
3.1 assurance for concrete – Strength, Durability and CO1 , CO3 1
Thermal properties of concrete
Effects due to climate, temperature, Sustained
3.2 elevated temperature, Corrosion - effects of CO2 , CO3, CO4 2
cover thickness.
Substrate preparation - Importance of substrate/
3.3 CO2 2
surface preparation,
General surface preparation methods and
3.4 procedure, reinforcing steel cleaning. CO3 , CO5 2

4 Module IV : Total lecture hours : 7

Maintenance - Maintenance importance
4.1 of maintenance, routine and preventive CO2,CO4 1
maintenance.
Repair materials -Various repair materials,
4.2 Criteria for material selection, Methodology of CO2,CO1 1
Selection
Health and safety precautions for handling and
4.3 CO2,CO3 1
applications of repair materials
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Special mortars and concretes- Polymer concrete,
4.4 Sulphur infiltrated concrete, Fibre reinforced CO1, CO2 1
concrete, High strength concrete,
High performance concrete, Vacuum concrete,
4.5 Self compacting concrete, Self-healing concrete, CO2, CO5 1
Geopolymer concrete, Reactive powder concrete,
Concrete made with industrial wastes, Polymer
Concrete and Mortar, Quick setting compounds,
4.6 CO1, CO2, CO4 1
Gunite and Shotcrete, Expansive cement, Ferro
cement, Concrete chemicals.
Grouting materials - Gas forming grouts,
Salfoaluminate grouts, Polymer grouts, Acrylate
and Urethane grouts. Bonding agents - Latex
4.7 CO2, CO1 1
emulsions, Epoxy bonding agents. Protective
coatings - Protective coatings for Concrete and
Steel. FRP sheets
5 Module V : Total lecture hours : 7
Crack repair - Various methods of crack repair,
Grouting, Routing and sealing, Stitching, Dry
5.1 CO2, CO3 1
packing, Autogenous healing, Overlays, Repair to
active cracks, Repair to dormant cracks.
Corrosion of embedded steel in concrete -
Corrosion of embedded steel in concrete,
Mechanism, Stages ofcorrosion damage, Repair
5.2 of various corrosion damaged of structural CO1,CO2 1
elements (slab, beam and columns) , Cathodic
protection.
Jacketing - Jacketing, Column jacketing, Beam
jacketing, Beam Column joint jacketing,
5.3 Reinforced concrete jackets, Steel jacketing, FRP CO2, CO5 1
jacketing.

Strengthening - Strengthening of Structural

5.4 elements, fire, Leakage, earthquake, Epoxy CO2, CO1 1
injection, Shoring, Underpinning.

Demolition Techniques - Non-explosive

5.5 CO2, CO1 1
demolition, and Explosive demolition,
Engineered demolition techniques for
dilapidated structures - Wrecking Ball Method,
5.6 Concrete Sawing Method, Top down method, CO2, CO4, CO5 2
Hydraulic crusher, Implosion by delayed
detonation technique.
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Model Question Paper

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

EIGHTH SEMESTER B. TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, MONTH & YEAR

Course Code: CET 456

Course Name: REPAIR AND REHABILITATION OF BUILDINGS

Marks : 100 Duration : 3 hrs

PART A
(Answer all Questions. Each Question carries 3 Marks)

1. What is Inspection and Mention its purpose?

2. What is the difference between maintenance and rehabilitation of structures ?
3. List any three causes of detrioration of structures ?
4. State the properties of Corrossion Inhibitors ?
5. List four engineered demolition techniques for RCC structures ?
6. List two methods of retrofitting of concrete structures subjected to leakage ?
7. What is Shoring and state its purpose?
8. Define Durability and name two tests to assess durability.
9. Mention a salient feature and application of polymer concrete.
10. List the types of Polymer Concrete
PART B
(Answer one full question from each module, Each question carries 14
marks)
Module 1

11. What are the types of Cracks in R.C.C buildings . Explain the causes and effects .
OR
12. Explain the service life behaviour of a concrete structure with a Graph. Also
explain in detail about time based maintenance.
Module 2

13. Explain the following Non Destructive Testing techniques in detail as per IS
i) Rebound Hammer Test
ii) Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity
OR
14. Explain the following Testing techniques in detail as per IS
i) Semi destructive testing
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ii) Probe test
iii) Pull out test
iv) Chloride penetration test
Module 3
15. Discuss the effects of temperature and climate on concrete structures
OR
16. Discuss in detail the quality assurance for Concrete Construction

Module 4
17. (a) Explain carbonation of concrete in detail.
(b)Write a brief note on Ferrocement
OR
18. (a)Write short note on expansive cement
(b) Definie alkali aggregate reaction, explain causes and preventive measures of alkali
aggregate reaction
Module 5
19. Discuss the implosion method of demolition of Structures .
OR
20. How do you repair and rehabilitate a structure damaged due to fire.
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YEAR OF
ENVIRONMENTAL CATEGORY L T P CREDIT
CET466 INTRODUCTION
REMOTE SENSING PEC 3 2019
3 0 0

Preamble: This course introduces students to the concepts of remote sensing and its applications in
environmental monitoring. They will learn basic terminology and physics of remote sensing,
characteristics of sensors and image processing fundamentals. The students will also explore how
satellite based remote sensing play a significant role in monitoring land, vegetation, soil, air and water
resources.

Prerequisite: NIL

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able

Course Prescribed
Description of Course Outcome
Outcome learning level
CO1 Describe the physics of remote sensing Remembering
CO2 Explain the concepts of image processing Understanding
Explain existing technologies, data products and
CO3 Understanding
algorithms useful in environmental remote sensing
Show the role of remote sensing in monitoring land,
CO4 Applying
vegetation, soil, air and water

Mapping of course outcomes with program outcomes (Minimum requirement)

PO PO
PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6 PO 7 PO 8 PO 9 PO 10
11 12
CO 1 3 - - - 3 - - - - - - -
CO 2 3 - - - 3 - - - - - - -
CO 3 3 - - - 3 - - - - - - -
CO4 3 - - - 3 - - - - - - -

Assessment Pattern

Continuous Assessment
Bloom’s Category Tests End Semester Examination
1 2
Remember 10 10 25
Understand 10 10 25