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Homework 6

The document contains 4 thermodynamics and heat transfer problems: 1) It asks to draw a thermal circuit representing heat transfer in a manufacturing process and calculate the required heat flux. 2) It provides an equation for a local heat transfer coefficient and asks to develop an expression for average heat transfer coefficient. 3) It asks to determine the total hemispherical absorptivity and emissivity of a coated sphere initially and at steady state when inserted into a furnace. 4) It asks to calculate the steady-state temperature of a coated satellite on the dark and bright sides of Earth given irradiation values.

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Marina Gil Jimenez
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52 views

Homework 6

The document contains 4 thermodynamics and heat transfer problems: 1) It asks to draw a thermal circuit representing heat transfer in a manufacturing process and calculate the required heat flux. 2) It provides an equation for a local heat transfer coefficient and asks to develop an expression for average heat transfer coefficient. 3) It asks to determine the total hemispherical absorptivity and emissivity of a coated sphere initially and at steady state when inserted into a furnace. 4) It asks to calculate the steady-state temperature of a coated satellite on the dark and bright sides of Earth given irradiation values.

Uploaded by

Marina Gil Jimenez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Universidad Europea de Madrid

Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

Problem 1

In a manufacturing process, a transparent film is being bonded to a substrate as shown in the sketch.
To cure the bond at a temperature T0, a radiant source is used to provide a heat flux q”(W/m2), all
of which is absorbed at the bonded surface. The back of the substrate is maintained at T1 while the
free surface of the film is exposed to air at and a convection heat transfer coefficient h.

a) Show the thermal circuit representing the steady-state heat transfer situation. Be sure to
label all elements, nodes, and heat rates. Leave in symbolic form.
b) Assume the following conditions: T∞ =20°C, h = 50 W/m2 - K, and T1 =30°C. Calculate the
heat flux q0 that is required to maintain the bonded surface at T0 =60°C.
c) If the film is not transparent and all of the radiant heat flux is absorbed at its upper surface,
determine the heat flux required to achieve bonding. Plot your results as a function of Lƒ for
0 < Lƒ <1 mm.

Problem 2

Experimental results for the local heat transfer coefficient hx for flow over a flat plate with an
extremely rough surface were found to fit the relation

ℎ(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 0.1


where a is a coefficient (W/m1.9 • K) and x (m) is the distance from the leading edge of the plate.

a) Develop an expression for the ratio of the average heat transfer coefficient ℎ�𝑥𝑥 for a plate of length
x to the local heat transfer coefficient ℎ𝑥𝑥 at x.
���𝑥𝑥 as a function of x.
b) Plot the variation, the variation of ℎ𝑥𝑥 and ℎ
Problem 3

A small, solid metallic sphere has an opaque, diffuse coating for which 𝛼𝛼𝜆𝜆 =0.8 for 𝜆𝜆 ≤ 5𝜇𝜇𝜇𝜇and
𝛼𝛼𝜆𝜆 =0.1 for 𝜆𝜆 > 5𝜇𝜇𝜇𝜇. The sphere, which is initially at a uniform temperature of 300 K, is inserted
into a large furnace whose walls are at 1200 K. Determine the total, hemispherical absorptivity and
emissivity of the coating for the initial condition and for the final, steady-state condition. You need
to use the below table for the calculations.

Problem 4

A spherical satellite of diameter D is in orbit about the earth and is coated with a diffuse material
for which the spectral absorptivity is for 𝛼𝛼𝜆𝜆 = 0.6 and 𝜆𝜆 ≤ 3𝜇𝜇𝜇𝜇 and for 𝛼𝛼𝜆𝜆 = 0.3 and for 𝜆𝜆 > 3𝜇𝜇𝜇𝜇.
When it is on the “dark” side of the earth, the satellite sees irradiation from the earth’s surface only.
The irradiation may be assumed to be incident as parallel rays, and its magnitude is GE = 340 W/m2.
On the “bright” side of the earth the satellite sees the earth irradiation GE plus the solar irradiation
GS =1353 W/m2. The spectral distribution of radiation from the earth may be approximated as that
of a blackbody at 280 K, and the temperature of the satellite may be assumed to remain below 500
K. What is the steady-state temperature of the satellite when it is on the dark side of the earth and
when it is on the bright side?. Use the below table.

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